U.S. patent number 3,770,483 [Application Number 05/160,951] was granted by the patent office on 1973-11-06 for noctilucent reflective helmet.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Kabushiki Kaisha Komine Auto Center. Invention is credited to Shinsuke Komine.
United States Patent |
3,770,483 |
Komine |
November 6, 1973 |
NOCTILUCENT REFLECTIVE HELMET
Abstract
A helmet used for securing traffic safety for the pedestrians at
night which is possessed of a noctilucent reflector affixed onto
the outer surface thereof consisting of a reflective layer formed
by mixing a highly reflective powdered metal and transparent
granules, which make the helmet extremely easily recognizable from
all the directions in the dark.
Inventors: |
Komine; Shinsuke (Tokyo,
JA) |
Assignee: |
Kabushiki Kaisha Komine Auto
Center (Tokyo, JA)
|
Family
ID: |
11890940 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/160,951 |
Filed: |
July 8, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
|
727231 |
May 7, 1968 |
|
|
|
|
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Feb 28, 1968 [JA] |
|
|
43/15515 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
428/35.8;
427/162; 427/202; 428/328; 2/410; 427/184; 428/148; 428/461;
427/163.4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A42B
3/061 (20130101); Y10T 428/256 (20150115); Y10T
428/1355 (20150115); Y10T 428/31692 (20150401); Y10T
428/24413 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
A42B
3/06 (20060101); A42B 3/04 (20060101); A42b
003/00 (); B44d 001/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;117/35R,35S,35V,45,33
;2/3,171,175,185,6,7 ;40/130 ;350/97,98,102,109 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Leavitt; Alfred L.
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 727,231
filed May 7, 1968, now abandoned.
Claims
I claim:
1. A method of forming a helmet made of metallic or synthetic resin
material having a reflector affixed to the entire external surface
thereof, said reflector being composed of a reflective layer having
transparent granules partially embedded therein, said method
comprising the steps of providing an adhesive resin composition
comprising an adhesive resin, a reflective powder, and a solvent
for the resin, said composition having a viscosity of about 3,000 -
5,000 centipoises; pouring said composition onto the center of the
external surface of said helmet in a quantity of about 20 - 30
grams per helmet from a pouring member positioned above the central
portion of the external surface of said helmet so that said
composition will flow evenly over said surface to form a reflective
layer of substantially uniform thickness thereover; maintaining
said reflective layer at a temperature of about 25.degree.C for
about 5 - 7 minutes; dispersing transparent granules onto said
reflective layer through a 200 mesh glass dispersing sieve from a
position as high as 30 cm above said layer while rotating said
helmet on the order of about 5 times with a rotational velocity of
about 10 rpm so that said granules are dispersed evenly onto the
entire curved surface of said reflective layer; drying said layer
with the granules thereon at a temperature of about 50.degree.C for
about 10 minutes; and then heating said layer and granules for
about 3 minutes at about 120.degree.C.
2. A helmet made of metallic or synthetic resin material having a
reflector affixed to the entire external surface thereof, said
reflector being composed of a reflective layer having transparent
granules partially embedded therein, said reflective layer being of
substantially uniform thickness over the entire external curved
surface of said helmet and being the dried residue of an adhesive
resin composition comprising about 24 percent of an acrylic acid
ester polymer, about 4 percent of reflective aluminum powder, and
about 72 percent of a ketonic solvent, said composition having a
viscosity of about 3,000 - 5,000 centipoises at the time it is
uniformly spread over said surface; and said transparent granules
having a refractive index of about 1.7 - 2.1 and diameters of about
40 - 80 microns, said granules being uniformly dispersed about said
reflective layer, approximately 60 percent of the entire surface of
said transparent granules being embedded within said reflective
layer.
Description
The present invention relates, generally speaking, to a helmet and
a method of producing same, and, more particularly, to a helmet
used for the purpose of securing traffic safety for the pedestrians
at night by virtue of providing the helmet over its entire surface
with a kind of reflector.
Conventional helmets publicly known presently as serving for the
purpose of maintaining the safety of night pedestrians are made up
by pasting a so-called reflector, that is usually a strip of
noctilucent texture, onto the middle part of the external surface
of the helmet proper in the direction before and behind with a
suitable, publicly known adhesive as securely as if incorporated
with the helmet. Referring to the said noctilucent texture, it is
specially manufactured by Kyoto Orimono (Textile) Co. Ltd. seated
at Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Japan, and its structure is such that the
texture face is coated with a special resin so as to constitute
thereover a reflective layer to which very fine granular lenses ar
made to adhere uniformly and in in parallel rows.
As regards, however, the helmets having such a reflector as
aforementioned, because of the fact that the reflector is provided
only on the middle part of the helmet proper, it can hardly be
caught into view in the angle of vision other than a certain fixed
direction only, they are far from serving the purpose of the
maintenance of safety for night pedestrians, still as a problem
awaiting solution. Accordingly, for the solution of the problem,
the men in the art have attempted to paste the said reflector onto
the entire surface of the helmet proper. Nevertheless, it has
become explicit through copious experiments that affixing the
reflector, that is, the said noctilucent texture, uniformly and
evenly to the semi-spherical helmet is extremely difficult
technically and, moreover, satisfactory helmets have as yet failed
to be realized despite of a great deal of time and labour expended
in the said affixation of the reflector.
Furthermore, in the aforementioned helmets, such a thing would
occur often with the pasting of the reflector to the helmet proper
that the adhesive or the like, as means for the adhesion of
reflector, is apt to be applied to parts other than the portion to
be applied so that the work of affixing might be considerably
hampered.
The principal object of this invention is to provide a helmet so
adapted as to exhibit at its maximum the effect of maintaining the
traffic safety of night pedestrians by affixing a reflector whose
reflection coefficient is extremely high onto the whole of the
external surface of the helmet proper.
The other object of this invention is to provide a helmet so
adapted as to have the reflector evenly and uniformly applied to
the whole of the external surface of the helmet proper.
Another object of this invention is to provide a helmet so adapted
that the work of applying the reflector to the entire surface of
the helmet proper is very simple requiring no skill by any
means.
Another object of this invention is to provide a helmet so adapted
that the time and labour required for the work of applying the
reflector to the entire surface of the helmet proper can be greatly
reduced.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a
helmet so adapted, in affixing the reflector to the whole surface
of the helmet proper, that the necessary material and cost can be
saved and reduced by using no adhesive means.
For the purpose of achieving the foregoing varied objects of the
invention, the present invention will be characterized by applying
to the entire external surface of the helmet proper a reflector
which is composed of transparent granules and a reflective layer
formed by mixing an adhesive resin material with a highly
reflective powdered metal.
The helmet of this invention has, moreover, proved as a result of
experiments that because of the reflective layer and the
transparent granules which constitute the reflector the light
reflective coefficient is markedly promoted so that the helmet can
be certainly recognized from a distance as far as 200 to 300 meters
even at the time of dusk that is most difficult for identification
or recognition.
It is believed firmly that other objects and advantages of the
invention will become apparent and be fully understood from the
following description taken in connection with the appended
drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a vertically cross-sectional view schematically showing
the helmet according to this invention (wherein the binding straps
are shown in two-dot chain lines); and
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing fragmentally the
essential portion of the helmet.
Now, referring to FIG. 1 for describing the outline of the helmet
made according to this invention, numeral 10 in the figure denotes
the helmet proper which is shaped like an ordinary cap composed of
a metallic material or a synthetic resin material or other similar
material. As such a helmet as this is publicly known in itself, no
detailed description will be made herein. The said helmet proper 10
is provided with common binding straps 11a, 11b which are securely
attached incorporatedly thereto through their one end by known
suitable means, their other end being free but affixed to binding
metals 11c, 11d respectively; these straps 11a, 11b as well as
binding metals 11c, 11d are very well known therefore being shown
just schematically in the appended drawings.
The said helmet proper 10 is also provided on its entire external
surface with a reflector 14 consisting of innumerable transparent
granules 13 and a reflective layer 12 which is to be fully
described later. The said reflective layer 12 is composed of by
mixing fine-powdered aluminium or a powdered reflective metal 12a
and 12b in the form of crystals of basic lead carbonate with an
adhesive resin material composed mainly of a polymer of acrylic
acid ester such as, for example, the polymer of ethyl acrylate and
butyl acrylate. In this embodiment of the invention, acrylic acid
esters are adopted for use as the said adhesive resin material but,
in the present invention, the adoption of the resin material is not
limited to the said acrylic acid esters alone. For example,
suitable resin materials such as vinylic resins like styrol resin
or synthetic rubber or the like may be as well employed alike.
Now, the process of affixing the reflector 14 evenly and uniformly
onto the entire external surface of the helmet proper 10 will be
illustrated in reference to FIG. 2. In the first place, a kneaded
material to be used as the reflective layer is manufactured by
mixing 24 percent of the said acrylic acid ester polymer, for
example, and 4 percent of fine-powdered aluminium or other similar,
highly reflective, powdered metal, and regulating the resultant
mixture with 72 percent of a ketonic solvent such as acetone, xyrol
or the like so as to have the solid content of the acrylic acid
ester polymer and the mineral content maintained at 24 percent and
4 percent respectively. In addition, as means for regulating the
said kneaded material, a publicly known kneader(not shown) or the
like may be employed.
The kneaded material thus obtained will thence be coated over the
helmet proper 10; for this occasion, there should first be provided
a hopper-like pouring member(not shown) to be located in the
central part of the external surface of the said helmet proper 10.
Now, the said kneaded material is slowly put into the said pouring
member in amounts of 20 to 30 grams as per one helmet; the kneaded
material thus poured down will thereupon be dropped first onto the
center of the external surface of the helmet proper 10, and the
kneaded material thus dropped will flow evenly over and along the
curved surface of the helmet proper 10 by virtue of its own
fluidity and 3,000 to 5,000 C.P. viscosity characteristic, so that
a coated, reflective layer 12 having an equal thickness all over
may be obtained.
Further, as means for the said coating, spray coating or brush
coating or the like may also be employed, but it has been found as
a result of experiments that the formation of a uniform smooth
reflective layer is very difficult to be realized due to the high
viscosity of the said kneaded material with these conventional
means.
When the reflective layer 12 is formed any way over the entire
external surface of the helmet proper 10, it is left at rest for 5
to 7 minutes at the temperature of about 25.degree.C, whereupon the
transparent granules 13 are dispersed through a 200-mesh glass
dispersing sieve(not shown) from the top of the said reflective
layer 12, preferably from the position as high as 30 cm. At this
occasion, the said helmet proper 10 is brought to be borne by a
rotary support member (not shown) which has been connected with a
drive mechanism such as motor through a gear; the said rotary
support member is rotated by transmitting the driving force of the
said drive mechanism thereto through the said gear upon operating
the said drive mechanism, which is very well known therefor being
not shown in the drawings. The rotation velocity of the said rotary
support member will be 10 rpm in practice while the rotation number
of the helmet proper 10 from the start to the termination of
dispersion of the transparent granules will be more or less five
times. Further, the refractive index of the said transparent
granules 13 will be in the range of 1.7 to 2.1, especially
preferably 1.9, and the diameter of the said transparent granules
13 will be in the range of 40 to 80 microns, especially preferably
50 microns.
When the said transparent granules 13 have been thus dispersed,
they are dried at the temperature of 50.degree.C for 10 minutes,
followed by effecting further thereon a heat treatment for 3
minutes at 120.degree.C, so that a reflector can be satisfactorily
applied onto the whole of the external surface of the helmet proper
10.
Moreover, another advantage obtainable from the treatment as
aforementioned will be in that the powdered reflective metal
adheres to and along the periphery of the portion where the
transparent granules 13 are imbedded in the reflective layer 12,
and that 60 percent approximately of the entire surface of the
transparent granules dispersed is imbedded within the reflective
layer 12. Having such an interrelation with each other, the
reflector composed of the reflective layer and the transparent
granules is provided as affixed onto the entire external surface of
the helmet proper, and thus the light rays from every direction of
the helmet may be caught and the return reflection may be achieved
to be effectuated. Another further advantage will be in that the
surface hardness of the helmet proper can be outstandingly enhanced
so that damages on the external surface thereof caused by frictions
or impacts may be prevented.
* * * * *