U.S. patent number 3,768,189 [Application Number 05/205,003] was granted by the patent office on 1973-10-30 for locking device for narrow openings.
This patent grant is currently assigned to James Kalfsbeek, Peter Kalfsbeek. Invention is credited to Robert S. Goodrich.
United States Patent |
3,768,189 |
Goodrich |
October 30, 1973 |
LOCKING DEVICE FOR NARROW OPENINGS
Abstract
A locking device for narrow openings in which an expandable
member is disposed about the shaft of a combination lock mechanism.
The combination lock mechanism includes an inner cylinder carrying
the shaft and an outer cylinder into which the inner cylinder is
threaded. Rotation of the shaft and inner cylinder will cause the
inner cylinder to be threaded into the outer cylinder and thus
drawn inwardly into the combination lock. This will result in axial
compression of the expandable member which, in turn, results in
circumferential expansion thereof, so that the expandable member
will be urged into pressure engagement with the interior of the
narrow opening. The lock mechanism is further adapted to prevent
rotation of the shaft and inner cylinder, unless the combination
lock is opened, to prevent unauthorized use of the locking
device.
Inventors: |
Goodrich; Robert S. (El
Sequndo, CA) |
Assignee: |
Kalfsbeek; James (Arbuckle,
CA)
Kalfsbeek; Peter (Arbuckle, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
22760381 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/205,003 |
Filed: |
December 6, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
42/96; 70/57;
42/70.11; 215/207 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
55/14 (20130101); F41A 17/44 (20130101); Y10T
70/50 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
F41A
17/00 (20060101); B65D 55/02 (20060101); B65D
55/14 (20060101); F41A 17/44 (20060101); F41c
027/00 (); E05b 065/00 (); B65d 055/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;42/1N ;70/57
;215/98 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Borchelt; Benjamin A.
Assistant Examiner: Jordan; C. T.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A firearm barrel lock for a firearm having a barrel
communicating with a shell chamber comprising a shaft, an
expandable member dimensioned to be received in said barrel
disposed about said shaft, a stop attached to one end of said shaft
adjacent said expandable member and lock means disposed on the
other end of said shaft, said lock means having locked and unlocked
states, in said unlocked state said lock means being movable
axially relative said shaft to permit axial compression and
expansion of said expandable member and in said locked state said
lock means being fixed relative said shaft.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said lock means
comprises a threaded member attached to said shaft, a mating member
threadably engaging said threaded member and means for preventing
relative rotation between said threaded member and said mating
member in said locked state.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said means for preventing
relative rotation comprises a lock body slidably disposed about
said mating member, tumbler means for engaging said mating member
to prevent sliding thereof relative said lock body in said locked
state, a collar rotatably engaging said threaded member disposed
between said expandable member and said lock body and abutting said
lock body in said locked state, said collar and said lock body
including registration means to prevent relative rotation when said
collar and said lock body are abutting.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said mating member is
substantially cylindrical and includes at least one protuberance,
and wherein said tumbler means comprises at least one tumbler ring
rotatably carried in said lock body having a substantially
cylindrical opening disposed about said mating member, said opening
including a notch dimensioned to clear said protuberance, said
tumbler ring being aligned with said protuberance abutting said
tumbler ring in said locked state and said tumbler ring being
aligned with said notch and said protuberance in registration in
said unlocked state.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 comprising indicia means to
characterize the rotational positions of said tumbler ring whereby
a particular indicia will be associated with the registration of
said notch and said protuberance.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1 comprising an extension shaft
threadably mounted to said one end of said shaft, said extension
shaft being of a length suitable to extend through said barrel into
the shell chamber of said firearm.
7. A firearm barrel lock comprising a shaft, an expandable member
disposed about said shaft, a stop attached to one end of said shaft
adjacent said expandable member, an inner lock cylinder attached to
the other end of said shaft, an outer lock cylinder threadably
engaging said inner lock cylinder, a lock body slidably disposed
about said outer cylinder, a collar rotatably engaging said inner
lock cylinder disposed between said expandable member and said lock
body and abutting said lock body in said locked state, said collar
and said lock body including registration means to prevent relative
rotation thereof when said collar and said lock body are abutting
and tumbler means having locked and unlocked states, in said locked
state said tumbler means engaging said outer cylinder to prevent
axial movement thereof.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said outer cylinder
includes at least one protuberance and said tumbler means comprises
at least one tumbler ring carried in said lock body, said tumbler
ring having a substantially cylindrical opening disposed about said
outer lock cylinder, said opening including a notch dimensioned to
clear said protuberance, said protuberance abutting said tumbler
ring in said locked and said tumbler ring aligned with said notch
and said protuberance in registration in said unlocked state.
Description
This invention relates to locking devices for narrow openings, and
more particularly, to a locking device which may be readily
embodied in a firearm barrel combination lock or a combination
locking bottle stopper.
Expandable members for plugging narrow or restricted openings are
well known in the art. Such devices typically employ an expandable,
resilient member and suitable means for expanding the member in the
opening or orifice to be plugged. Heretofore, such expandable plugs
generally have incorporated no positive locking feature to prevent
unauthorized removal of the plug. U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,046,224 and
2,095,272 do disclose expandable bottle stoppers incorporating a
key-type lock to prohibit unauthorized removal of the plug or
stopper. However, such stoppers are disadvantageous in that the key
may readily be lost or misplaced, thereby preventing authorized
removal of the stopper.
According to the present invention, an expandable plug or stopper
is provided with a combination locking mechanism to positively
prevent unauthorized use or removal. Specifically, an expandable
member is disposed about the shaft of a combination lock mechanism.
The combination lock mechanism includes an inner cylinder carrying
the shaft and an outer cylinder into which the inner cylinder is
threaded. A collar is provided to permit rotation of the shaft and
inner cylinder, which will cause the inner cylinder to be threaded
into the outer cylinder and thus drawn inwardly into the
combination lock. This will result in axial compression of the
expandable member which, in turn, results in circumferential
expansion thereof, so that the expandable member will be urged into
pressure engagement with the interior of the narrow opening. The
collar and the lock body include registration means which prevent
relative rotation of the collar and body when the collar and body
are abutting. When the combination lock is opened, the outer
cylinder may be slid outwardly, thereby separating the collar and
lock body. In this position, the collar and lock body may be
relatively rotated. Thus, the inner cylinder and shaft may only be
rotated when the combination lock is open, thereby preventing
unauthorized use or removal of the locking device.
According to the present invention, the locking device may be
suitably dimensioned to fit the barrel of a firearm, thereby
providing a firearm barrel lock which prevents unauthorized use of
the firearm. Alternatively, the locking device of the present
invention may be suitably dimensioned to form a locking bottle
stopper or other locking device for narrow openings.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an
expandable member for narrow openings incorporating a combination
lock to prevent unauthorized use or removal.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a locking
device for narrow openings in which an expandable member is
disposed about a shaft connected to a combination lock, so that the
shaft may be drawn inwardly to axially compress the expandable
member when the combination lock is open.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an
expandable plugging device for the barrel of firearms.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a novel
combination lock mechanism adapted to prevent rotation of a shaft
or other member.
The locking device for narrow openings according to the present
invention is advantageous in that unauthorized use or removal is
positively prevented. Moreover, by employing a combination lock
rather than a key-type lock, there is no key to be lost, misplaced
or forgotten, so that use of the device is considerably
facilitated. In addition, the locking device for narrow openings
according to the present invention is simple, reliable and
relatively inexpensive.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present
invention will be more readily apparent from the following detailed
description, wherein reference is made to the accompanying
drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a side view depicting a firearm barrel lock according to
the present invention in a firearm;
FIG. 2 is an end view of the apparatus depicted in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the apparatus depicted in
FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3 showing the
combination lock in the open position;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5--5 in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line 6--6 in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of the apparatus
depicted in FIG. 3 as adapted for use in a firearm of larger
bore;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a bottle stopper according to the present
invention inserted in a bottle; and
FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of the apparatus depicted in
FIG. 8 with the combination lock in the open position.
Referring now to FIGS. 1-7, a firearm barrel lock embodiment of the
locking device for narrow openings according to the present
invention will now be described in detail. Referring initially to
FIG. 1, there is depicted a firearm barrel lock A according to the
present invention carried in the barrel of a pistol B.
Firearm barrel lock A generally comprises a combination lock body
10 having three tumbler rings 12. Tumbler rings 12 include
extending tabs 12a which protrude beyond the lock body 10 to permit
manual manipulation of the tumbler rings 12. An end cap 14 is
secured to the end of lock body 10. End cap 14 functions to conceal
the interior of the combination lock mechanism, and additionally
carries thereon numerals or other indicia which are employed to
characterize the angular positions of extending tabs 12a, and thus
facilitate alignment of the tumbler rings 12.
A collar 16 is disposed in front of the lock body 10. As will be
more readily apparent hereinafter, collar 16 may be slid outwardly
away from the lock body 10 when the tumbler rings 12 are
appropriately set to open the lock. Collar 16 may then be rotated
with respect to the lock body 10 to expand or contract the
expandable member of the barrel lock. To facilitate the rotation of
collar 16 with respect to lock body 10, a front grip 18, similar in
appearance to collar 16, is fixedly mounted to the front of lock
body 10.
Collar 16 includes a hexagonal protuberant portion 16b. Front grip
18 includes a complementary hexagonal recess. Thus, when collar 16
abuts front grip 18, hexagonal portion 16b engages the recess in
front grip 18, to prevent relative rotation between collar 16 and
front grip 18. Thus, when the lock is locked, rotation of collar 16
is prevented.
A shaft 20 extends longitudinally from lock body 10 and a resilient
C-ring 22 engages shaft 20 toward the end thereof remote from lock
body 10. An expandable member 24, typically a sleeve or resilient
material such as rubber or the like, is disposed around shaft 20
adjacent C-ring 22. Collar 16 includes a sleeve portion 16a which
circumscribes shaft 20 and abuts expandable member 24. It is thus
apparent that when shaft 20 is drawn inwardly toward the interior
of lock body 10, expandable member 24 will be axially compressed
between C-ring 22 and sleeve 16a, thereby causing circumferential
expansion of expandable member 24. It is this expansion that is
employed to lock the firearm lock A in the barrel of the
firearm.
The end of shaft 20 interior of lock body 10 is threadably mounted
to a cylinder inner member 26. Cylinder inner member 26 comprises a
hexagonal portion and a threaded portion. The hexagonal portion of
inner cylinder 26 engages a hexagonal recess in collar 16 so that
rotation of collar 16 will produce concurrent rotation of inner
cylinder 26. The threaded portion of inner cylinder 26 is
threadably engaged into an outer lock cylinder 28. Thus, rotation
of collar 16 will cause inner cylinder 26 to be threaded into or
out of outer cylinder 28, depending upon the direction of rotation.
Thus, such rotation will draw shaft 20 inwardly or outwardly, to
produce the desired longitudinal compression or expansion of
expandable member 24.
As is particularly apparent from FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, outer cylinder
28 is generally cylindrical with a threaded central bore. However,
the exterior of cylinder 28 includes three protuberances 28a.
Protuberances 28a engage tumbler rings 12 to prevent axial movement
of lock cylinder 28. Specifically, tumbler rings 12 have a
generally circular central opening including a notch on the
circular interior perimeter. When the notch is in registration with
the protuberance 28a, the tumbler ring 12 will not engage the lock
cylinder 28. Thus, when all of the tumbler rings are aligned so
that the notches therein are in registration with the protuberances
28a, the lock cylinder 28 may move axially within the lock body 10.
If, however, one of the tumbler rings is aligned so that the notch
therein is not in registration with the protuberance 28a, axial
movement of the lock cylinder 28 will be prevented by the
engagement of protuberance 28a and lock cylinder 12.
Of course, the notch in tumbler ring 12 may be provided in various
angular positions with respect to the extending tab 12a. In this
manner, a particular numeral or other indicia means may be
associated with each of the tumbler rings 12, so that when the
extending tab 12a is aligned with the numeral or indicia, the notch
will be in registration with the protuberance 28a. In this manner,
each of the tumbler rings 12a will be associated with a particular
numeral, so that the lock may be opened by aligning the extending
tabs 12a with the appropriate numerals or indicia.
To further define the angular positions of the tumbler rings 12,
the tumbler rings 12 may include a plurality of recesses about the
perimeter thereof. The lock body 10 may contain three ratchet
spheres 30, which are urged against the perimeters of the tumbler
rings 12 by three springs 32. The notches in the perimeter of
tumbler rings 12 will then, in cooperation with ratchet spheres 30
and springs 32, provide a ratchet action for the rotation of
tumbler rings 12. This ratchet action will tend to detent the
tumbler rings in the various angular positions, thereby further
defining each position associated with a numeral or other indicia,
and prevent accidental movement of the tumbler rings.
The firearm barrel lock A according to the present invention may
typically be constructed of opaque plastic or other suitable
material. However, applicant has found it desirable to employ metal
for shaft 20 and inner cylinder 26. Of course, for high security
applications, all of the components of the locking device may be
constructed of metal.
When employing the locking device according to the present
invention in a firearm, applicant has found it desirable to block
the shell chamber of the firearm, in addition to plugging the
barrel thereof. Specifically, if the chamber were not blocked, it
might still be possible to load and fire a shell, notwithstanding
the fact that the barrel is plugged, and thereby risk dangerous
explosion. Thus, according to the present invention, the end of
shaft 22 may be threaded, and an extension shaft 34 may be
threadably engaged thereon. Extension shaft 34 may then be cut to a
desired length sufficient to extend into the shell chamber of the
firearm, to thereby prevent the loading of a shell into the
firearm. Thus, by providing extension shaft 34, the firearm barrel
lock according to the present invention may be readily adapted for
use in firearms of varying barrel length.
Of course, the firearm barrel lock thus described may only be
employed in a firearm having a bore or caliber corresponding to the
diameter of expandable member 24. However, according to a further
aspect of the present invention, the firearm barrel lock may be
readily adapted for use in firearms of varying bore or caliber.
Referring specifically to FIG. 7, there is depicted a portion of
the firearm barrel lock A, adapted for use with a firearm of
somewhat larger bore or caliber. Specifically, the barrel lock A is
modified by removing C-ring 22 and expandable member 24. A sleeve
36 having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the bore or
caliber or the firearm and an inner diameter slightly greater than
the diameter of sleeve portion 16a of collar 16, is provided about
sleeve portion 16a. An expandable member 24' of appropriate
diameter is then substituted for expandable member 24. A washer or
disc 38 is next placed about shaft 20 abutting expandable member
24'. Preferably, washer 38 is bevelled or tapered as depicted in
FIG. 7. C-ring 22 may then be reinserted, to complete the
adaptation or modification of the firearm barrel lock A. It is
apparent that the lock A as modified will function substantially
identically as the firearm lock previously described. Of course,
expandable member 24', being of a greater diameter than expandable
member 24, will permit the firearm lock to be employed with a
firearm having a greater diameter or caliber.
Accordingly, applicant has found it desirable to provide each
firearm lock A with a plurality of sleeves 36, expandable members
24' and washers 38, to permit the firearm lock to be employed with
firearms of any bore or caliber. The operator of the firearm lock A
may then readily modify or adapt the lock for use with any desired
firearm.
In operation, extending tabs 12a of tumbler rings 12 are suitably
rotated to the position corresponding to the numeral or other
indicia associated with the open position of the lock, wherein the
notch of each tumbler ring 12 is in registration with the
protuberance 28a of lock cylinder 28. Of course, the lock 10 is
opaque, so that such alignment cannot be accomplished visually, but
is accomplished in accordance with the predetermined number or
combination associated with the particular lock A.
Collar 16 is then drawn outwardly away from the lock body 10. The
operator may then rotate collar 16 with respect to front grip 18,
so as to permit axial expansion of expandable member 24. This, of
course, will insure that the expandable member is sufficiently
decompressed so as to permit insertion into the firearm.
After inserting the lock into the firearm, collar 16 is rotated
with respect to front grip 18 so as to draw shaft 20 inwardly into
lock body 10, and thus axially compress expandable member 24.
Expandable member 24 will then circumferentially expand so as to
grip the interior of the barrel of the firearm to prevent removal
thereof. The operator then slides collar 16 inwardly toward the
combination lock body 10, so as to achieve engagement of the
hexagonal portion 16b with the hexagonal recess in front grip 18,
and thereby prevent rotation of front grip 16. The tumblers 12a may
then be turned to random positions, so as to prevent axial movement
of lock cylinder 28. The firearm barrel lock A is thus locked in
the firearm, to prevent unauthorized use thereof.
In order to remove the firearm lock A, the procedures thus
described need merely to be reversed. Specifically, extending tabs
12a are aligned so as to once again open the combination lock.
Front grip 16 is then drawn outwardly and rotated so as to
decompress expandable member 24. The firearm lock A may then be
removed from the barrel of the firearm.
Referring now to FIGS. 8 and 9, an embodiment of the present
invention particularly adapted for plugging bottles and the like
will now be described in detail. Specifically, there is shown a
bottle stopper C according to the present invention carried in the
neck of a bottle D. The bottle stopper C includes a combination
lock body 50, substantially identical to the combination lock A of
the embodiment previously described. Thus, combination lock 50
includes a collar 52 and a shaft 54. Similarly, rotation of collar
52 with respect to combination lock body 50 will cause shaft 54 to
be drawn inwardly or outwardly of the lock body 50, depending upon
the direction of rotation. Disposed about shaft 54 is an expandable
member 56. Expandable member 56 has a diameter slightly smaller
than the smallest opening to be plugged. The end of shaft 54 is
threaded, and a knurled disc or nut 58 is threadably engaged
thereon, abutting expandable member 56. Thus, rotation of collar 52
with respect to lock body 50 will cause axial compression of
expandable member 56 between disc 58 and collar 52, accompanied, of
course, by circumferential expansion thereof. Thus, the bottle
stopper C functions substantially identical to the firearm lock A
previously described.
However, applicant has found that the variation in the inner
diameter of bottle necks may be substantial. Thus, knurled disc 58
may be employed to preadjust the compression of expandable member
56, and thus to preadjust the diameter or circumference thereof.
Specifically, prior to inserting the stopper C at the bottle D, the
operator rotates knurled disc 58 to compress expandable member 56
to the extent that the diameter thereof becomes only slightly
smaller than the inner diameter or bore of the bottle neck.
Thereafter, the bottle stopper C is employed in a manner
substantially identical to firearm lock A. Of course, if it is
desired to employ the bottle stopper C in a different bottle D,
knurled disc 58 may be rotated to permit compression or expansion
of expandable member 56, as needed.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been
shown and described in detail, it is apparent that the combination
lock thus described may be employed in numerous other applications
where it is desired to prevent unauthorized rotation of a shaft or
other member. Of course, these and other modifications and
adaptations may be made without departing from the true spirit and
scope of the present invention, as set forth in the claims.
* * * * *