U.S. patent number 3,767,078 [Application Number 05/086,506] was granted by the patent office on 1973-10-23 for bladder type dispenser.
Invention is credited to Norman Gortz, Michael B. Maccarone.
United States Patent |
3,767,078 |
Gortz , et al. |
October 23, 1973 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
BLADDER TYPE DISPENSER
Abstract
A dispenser wherein a resilient bladder is stretched over a
curved surface presented by a supporting rib which extends into the
dispenser. Both the bladder and the supporting rib are elongated
and are anchored at one end in a dispensing valve assembly mounted
in a wall of the dispenser. The bladder is open at its anchored end
and communicates with a valved passage in the valve assembly so as
to discharge its contents therethrough. At its opposite end, the
bladder is closed and, to make sure that it will expel all of its
contents, is attached to the supporting rib in such a manner as to
put the body of the bladder into tension along its length.
Inventors: |
Gortz; Norman (Santa Ana,
CA), Maccarone; Michael B. (Irvine, CA) |
Family
ID: |
22199025 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/086,506 |
Filed: |
November 3, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/95; 220/723;
222/386.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
83/0061 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
83/00 (20060101); B65d 025/14 (); B65d
035/28 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/63R,85B
;222/92,386.5,406,407,94,95,405,206 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lowrance; George E.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a pressurized apparatus including a container whose volume
generally defines the volume of the fluid stored therein; said
container having outlet means permitting discharge of the contained
fluid, the improvement comprising:
a. an elongate resilient bladder having wall means defining a fluid
chamber interior of the bladder and a fluid outlet in fluid
communication with said chamber and said container outlet
means;
b. an elongate rigid member within said container spaced from said
container walls, and lying exterior of said bladder; and
c. means for fixedly attaching respective ends of said bladder to
the outlet means and the rigid member with surface contact
therebetween over substantially the complete surface area of one
side of said bladder to pretension said bladder to the extent of
providing the sole pressurizing force for discharging the contained
fluid when the bladder is in contracted condition.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said elongate rigid member
comprises a longitudinally convex spatulate member.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said bladder is pressed
by means of a snap action fastener into a recess in the free end of
said spatulate member.
4. The pressurized apparatus of claim 1 wherein said elongate
member is longitudinally convex.
5. The pressurized apparatus of claim 4 wherein said bladder is
stretched against said convex surface by attaching one end of said
bladder to the end of said elongate member remote from said outlet
means.
6. The pressurized apparatus of claim 5 wherein said bladder is
blind at one end, has a tab extending from said blind end, and is
attached to said elongate member by means of said tab.
7. The pressurized apparatus of claim 5 wherein said elongate
member is rigidly mounted within said container.
8. The pressurized apparatus of claim 2 wherein said elongate
member is flexibly mounted within said container in order to allow
said member to adjust to the configuration of said container.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said elongate rigid member is a
longitudinally bowed, generally spatulate member, said bladder
being stretched against the longitudinally convex side of said
member.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said spatulate member is
rigidly mounted at one of its ends within said container.
11. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said spatulate member is
flexibly mounted at one of its ends in order to allow said body to
adjust to the configuration of said container.
12. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said bladder contains a
flexible, folded bag to serve as a liner for the fluid chamber of
said bladder.
13. Apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said folded bag, when
unfolded, is larger than said bladder in its contracted
position.
14. Apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said bag is first
folded back into itself so that the inner wall of its lower portion
is adjacent to the inner wall of its upper portion and is then
accordion folded so as to create radially extending pleats.
15. In a pressurized apparatus including outlet means permitting
discharge of a contained fluid, the improvement comprising:
a. a resilient bladder having wall means defining a fluid chamber
interior of the bladder and an opening in communication with the
interior of the bladder;
b. a flexible bag for holding said fluid, said flexible bag
positioned within said bladder, said bag having a fluid outlet
extending through the opening of said bladder and in fluid
communication with said outlet means;
c. an elongate rigid member lying exterior of said bladder; and
d. means for fixedly attaching respective ends of said bladder to
said outlet means and said rigid member with the bladder stretched
longitudinally against said rigid member with surface contact
therebetween over substantially the complete surface area of one
side of said bladder to pretension said bladder to the extent of
providing the sole pressurizing force for discharging the contained
fluid when the bladder is in contracted condition.
16. The capsule of claim 15 wherein said bag, bladder, and member
are elongate, said bladder and bag being fixed relative to one end
of said member, said bladder being additionally fixed relative to
the opposite end of said member so as to be stretched
longitudinally therealong.
17. The capsule of claim 16 wherein said bag, when filled, is
larger than said bladder in its contracted position.
Description
The present invention relates generally to pressurized fluid
dispensers and more specifically to a dispenser in which the
required pressure is provided by a resilient bladder which expands
elastically when it reaches its contents and which then contracts
to expel those contents. In order to insure that the bladder will
expel practically all of its contents, it is prestressed over a
surface in such a manner that its opposing walls continue to press
toward one another even when the bladder is empty.
A pressurized dispenser of this type is disclosed and claimed in
U.S. Pat. No. 3,506,005. The present inventors are also two of the
inventors of this patent. In one embodiment of the patented
dispenser, a cylindrical mandrel extends from the floor of the
dispenser body toward its top, where a valve assembly is seated. A
resilient bladder which is closed at one end and open at the
opposite end is attached at its open end to the valve assembly and
is prestressed by being pulled over the mandrel. This is done by
pressing the tip of the mandrel against the closed end of the
cylindrical bladder so as to fold the closed end of the bladder
back into itself. In this way the mandrel not only pushes the
bottom portion of the bladder back into the top portion, but it
also stretches both portions of the bladder radially outwardly and
against one another. This manner of prestressing a bladder requires
that the prestressing mandrel be aligned carefully with the tubular
bladder.
An improved pressurized dispenser utilizing a prestretched bladder
is disclosed in Patent application Ser. No. 887,189 filed by the
inventors of the present invention on Dec. 22, 1969. In the
improved dispenser the mandrel is tapered from its base toward its
tip and the closed end of the bladder is formed by a disk-like
membrane which is capable of flexing between a concave position and
a convex position when the tip of the mandrel is pressed against
it, thereby helping to align the membrane with the mandrel. Both
the provision of the flexible membrane and the tapered mendrel help
to ease the assembly of the mandrel into the bladder.
In accordance with an important feature of the present invention
the bladder is prestressed longitudinally rather than radially in
such a manner that this prestressing can be achieved before the
final assembly of the pressurized container. More particularly,
there is provided for final assembly into a substantially rigid
outer container a preassembled inner pressurized capsule which
includes a valve assembly, an elongated prestressing member which
extends from the valve assembly, and a resilient bladder which is
stretched longitudinally along the prestressing member with its
inlet end being anchored in the valve assembly and its opposite,
closed end being attached to the prestressing member. After the
capsule has been assembled, it may then be inserted into an opening
in the outer container in which it may be anchored by any one of a
number of alternative means, preferred ones of which are disclosed
herein.
Normally, with the pressurized capsule in place in the container,
the prestressing member extends generally parallel to the wall of
the container and stops short of its base. This arrangement has
several advantages. First, since the bladder expands asymmetrically
relative to the supporting member the capsule need not be axially
mounted in the container. And, for the same reason, the container
can take various shapes. Second, since the bladder is stretched
longitudinally to lie flat on the supporting member, it tends to
expand evenly as it is filled, without localized bulging. Third, by
mounting the supporting member near one wall sector and well above
the base of the container, the bladder is given more room to expand
before hitting any portion thereof. As a result, the bladder
receives most of its contents before abutting against the
container, thus reducing the ultimate pressure exerted by the
filled bladder against the container. A fourth advantage of the
pressurized capsule concept, wherein a bladder is stretched
longitudinally upon a support member, is that the amount of
pressure exerted by the bladder upon its contents can be readily
changed by increasing or reducing the extent by which the bladder
is elongated longitudinally in its stretched condition. Thus,
fluids of different consistency can be accommodated without
changing the dimensions of either the bladder or of the supporting
member upon which it is stretched.
In accordance with a related feature of the present invention, the
pressurized capsule is made sufficiently versatile to permit its
use both in an upright container, in which the valve assembly is in
an end wall of the container, and in a normally supine container,
in which the valve assembly enters the outer container through an
upwardly facing side wall. In carrying out this aspect of the
invention, the prestressing member, which is typically in the shape
of a rib or a spoon, is bendable relative to the valve assembly so
that it can be inserted through the side wall of the horizontal
type of dispenser and, once inserted, can be bent so as to move
toward the bottom wall of the container.
Another related feature of the present invention, which is not
necessarily limited to use with a preassembled capsule type of
dispenser, is the provision of a flexible bag liner inside the
resilient bladder. The combination of a flexible bag and the
resilient bladder around it is particularly useful in instances
where the bladder is to receive a fluid which might damage the
bladder or which might in turn be spoiled thereby. In such cases,
the bag insert can be chosen to be compatible with the fluid which
is to be dispensed, without having the resilience which is required
of the bladder to expel all of its contents. In other words, in the
case of a fluid which is difficult to handle, a single material
need not have both the mechanical characteristics required of the
bladder and the chemical characteristics required to be compatible
with the contents of the bladder. To the contrary, a common bladder
material can be used with all fluids, with a bag insert being used
in case of those incompatible with it. In accordance with this
feature of the invention, the bag insert is made to be larger when
it is filled than the bladder when it is contracted. The bag is
folded before insertion into the bladder and is unfolded and thus
increases in size as the fluid is injected into the bag, which in
turn causes the bladder to stretch and thus expand.
Also disclosed herein is a novel manner of anchoring the bladder in
the valve assembly. In accordance with this feature of the
invention, the valve assembly includes a pair of cylindrical gland
members which between them define an annular space in which the
inelt end of the bladder is held clamped. The outer gland member is
locked into the container and the inner gland member contains a
valved passage through which fluid enters into and is discharged
from the bladder. Advantageously, the prestressing rib member is
anchored in a slot provided for that purpose in the outer gland
member.
The pressurized capsule of the present invention lends itself to
use either individually, that is one container per capsule, or in
combination with one or more similar capsules. Thus, there is
disclosed herein a multiple chamber container in which each chamber
contains its individual pressurized capsule. All of the capsules
expel their contents through a single valve assembly which may
either intermix their contents during the discharging process or
alternatively may keep their contents segregated by means of
individual discharge orifices. The pressurized capsule concept
makes this type of multi-chamber container quite practical since
the entire multi-capsule assembly can be preassembled prior to
insertion into the multi-chamber container.
The present invention and its advantages will be more clearly
understood with reference to the following description of several
embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a cross section through an exemplary upright pressurized
dispenser in which a bladder is stretched longitudinally along a
supporting member or rib which is rigidly anchored in a valve
assembly to which the neck of the bladder is also attached, the
bladder being shown in profile in its empty state;
FIG. 2 is a cross section of the dispenser illustrated in FIG. 1
showing the bladder in plan view in its empty state;
FIG. 3 is a cross section similar to FIG. 1 but with the bladder
shown in a partially filled state;
FIG. 4 is a cross section similar to FIG. 3 but with the bladder
being shown in its filled state;
FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 illustrate different container shapes and capsule
locations made possible by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross section through a pressurized dispenser which is
normally supine and in which the pressurized capsule features a
hinged support member to facilitate insertion of the capsule into
the container;
FIG. 9 is a cross section similar to FIG. 8 but with the bladder
shown in its filled state and with the hinged supporting member
shown displaced from its original position by the filled
bladder;
FIG. 10 is an end view of the dispenser illustrated in FIGS. 8 and
9 to illustrate its cross section;
FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the hinge portion of the
support member illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9;
FIG. 12 is a side view of the hinge assembly shown in FIG. 11 with
the support member shown in its erect position upon the valve
assembly to which it is hinged;
FIG. 13 illustrates an upright container basically like those
illustrated in FIGS. 1-4 but with an actuator having a built in
lock to prevent inadvertent discharging of the bladder;
FIG. 14 is a detailed cross section through a dispenser assembly
including a valve assembly and an actuator therefor and
characterized by the fact that the valve assembly has a pair of
gland members which clamp the neck of the bladder between them and
which are in turn held together by means of a locking cap;
FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of the valve and actuator
assembly shown in cross section in FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is a cross section through an alternative type of dispenser
assembly characterized by the fact that it too includes a pair of
gland members which clamp the neck of the bladder between them, but
which interlock without the aid of a separate locking cap, thus
permitting the bladder to be filled prior to the insertion of the
valve mechanism into the valve assembly;
FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view of the base of the support
member and of the bottom portion of the outer gland member of the
valve assembly to show the manner in which they interfit;
FIGS. 18a-18d illustrate different alternate cross sections for the
bladder support member shown in FIG. 16;
FIG. 19 is an exploded perspective view of an actuator cap of the
type shown in cross section in FIG. 13, particularly illustrating
its stop elements;
FIG. 20 is an exploded perspective of a valve assembly and of the
root portion of an alternative type of bladder support member which
is characterized by the fact that the support member extends
transversely relative to the principal axis of the valve
assembly;
FIG. 21 is a side view showing a valve assembly in which a bladder
support member is flexibly anchored so as to permit it to assume
both an erect position, shown in solid lines, in which it extends
generally parallel to the axis of the valve assembly and a second
position, shown in dotted lines, in which the support member
extends transversely relative to the principal axis of the valve
assembly;
FIG. 22 is an exploded perspectve view of the valve assembly and
bladder support member illustrated in FIG. 21;
FIGS. 23 and 23a illustrate in cross section one manner of
anchoring an end of the bladder upon the bladder support member,
featuring a clip in which the end of the bladder is crimped and
which is provided with a button-type fastener anchored in a slot
provided or that purpose in the bladder support member;
FIGS. 24 and 24a illustrate in cross section and in exploded
perspective view a method of anchoring the bladder upon the bladder
support member wherein the terminal portion of the bladder is
locked between the bladder support member and a clip, with the clip
having a plunger which crimps the bladder into an opening in the
bladder support member;
FIGS. 25 and 25a are cross sections through yet another type of
bladder and bladder support member wherein the bladder is attached
to the bladder support member by means of a crimp-type fastener
having an integral extension which snaps into a slot provided in
the end of the bladder support member;
FIGS. 26 and 26a show in plan view and cross section an embodiment
in which the bladder terminates in a tab having a beaded end by
means of which the bladder is anchored in a slot provided near the
tip of the bladder support member;
FIGS. 27 and 27a illustrate in plan view and cross section yet
another alternative embodiment in which the bladder has a tab at
its end with a hole therethrough, the bladder being attached to the
bladder support member by means of a hollow rivet which extends
through the hole in the tab into a countersunk hole in the support
member;
FIGS. 28a-28s show alternative configurations which the bladder may
assume;
FIG. 29 is a cross section through a multiple chamber container in
which each chamber contains an individual pressurized capsule;
FIG. 30 illustrates in cross section an exemplary pressurized
capsule wherein the resilient bladder contains a folded bag as a
liner, the cross section being taken before the bladder has been
stretched upon its associated support member;
FIG. 31 is a cross section taken along line 31--31 of FIG. 30
showing the shape of the radially accordion folded bag within the
bladder before the latter has been stretched;
FIG. 32 is a cross section similar to FIG. 31, but taken after the
bladder has been stretched, and showing its walls flattened and the
folded bag between them compressed; and
FIGS. 33a and 33b are cross sections through an exemplary upright
dispenser utilizing the bladder-bag combination of FIGS. 30-32 and
showing them in the partially and fully expanded states.
Referring to FIGS. 1-4, an exemplary embodiment of the present
invention is illustrated in the form of an upright pressurized
dispenser 11 whose principal components are an outer container 13
and a pressurized capsule 15 mounted rigidly therein. The
pressurized capsule 15 includes an elongate resilient bladder 17
having wall means 19 defining a fluid chamber 21 interior of the
bladder and a fluid outlet 23 in communication with the interior of
the bladder. The capsule 15 also includes, as a principal element,
a rigid elongate member defining a support surface 25 exterior of
the bladder 17 against which the bladder is stretched
longitudinally so as to maintain the bladder wall means 19 in
tension and the bladder 17 substantially empty in its contracted
position, which is illustrated in FIG. 1. In the exemplary
embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-4 the elongate bladder 17 is
sausage-shaped, being closed at one end 27 and having an open neck
29 (better shown in FIG. 16).
The elongate support surface 25 along which the bladder 17 is
stretched is preferably defined by a generally spoon-shaped or
spatulate rib 31, which is slightly arched so as to give the
support surface 25 a longitudinally convex configuration. In
accordance with the invention, the closed bladder end 27 is
attached to the tip 33 of the spatulate rib 31, this attachment
preferably being by means of a clip 35, the tip 33 of the rib being
thickened in order to provide room for means to receive the clip
35. In further keeping with the invention, the opposite end, or
neck 29 of the bladder 17, as well as the base 37 of the rib 31,
are anchored in a valve assembly 39 which in turn is mounted in a
raised neck portion 41 extending from an end wall 43 of the
container 13. As will be described in greater detail hereinafter,
the valve assembly 39 includes a valved passage which is normally
blocked and which is in communication with the bladder outlet 23.
Seated in the valve assembly 39 is an actuator 45 having a hollow
plunger 47 which extends into the valve assembly 39 and which
serves to open its valved passage. The actuator 45 is better shown
and will be described in greater detail with reference to FIG. 14.
Suffice it to say at this point that it contains a passage through
which fluid flows when the valved passage of the valve assembly 39
in unblocked. Partly for aesthetic purposes and partly to prevent
the actuator 45 from being dislodged, a protective cap 48 is
snapped around the end wall 43 of the container 13, the cap having
a generally circular opening 49 through its top to provide
clearance for the central portion of the actuator 45 and having a
slot through its side to provide clearance for the dispensing spout
51 of the actuator.
The bladder 17, which is preferably made of an elastomeric
material, is shown partially filled in FIG. 3 and in a
substantially filled state in FIG. 4. Typically, filling is
accomplished by injecting the desired contents of the bladder 17
under pressure through the valve assembly 39, with its actuator 45
removed. The amount of pressure required will depend upon the
contractive force of the bladder, a factor which is determined by
the bladder wall thickness and the extent to which the bladder is
elongated upon the rib 31 from its normally unstretched condition.
As the bladder 17 receives its contents and expands, it will
displace the air normally residing in the container 13 so that
provision is made for the escape of such air, this being preferably
by providing sufficient clearance for this purpose between the
container neck portion 41 and the valve assembly 39 seated
therein.
Referring particularly to FIGS. 3 and 4, it may be observed that,
as the bladder receives its contents it expands both laterally,
principally away from the supporting surface 25 toward the wall
sector 53 opposite the support surface 25, and downwardly toward
the container bottom 55. The important point to note is that the
expansion of the bladder laterally and downward is substantially
even and that there is no untoward bulging or ballooning of any
particular portion of the bladder wall 19.
After the pressurized dispenser 11 has been filled, the actuator 45
is installed in the valve assembly 39 and the protective cap 48 is
snapped in place. In this condition the dispenser 11 may be stored
for subsequent use. The contents of the bladder 17 are prevented
from escaping through the valve assembly 39 due to the normally
blocked state of its valved passage. When it is desired to withdraw
some or all of the contents of the dispenser 11, the actuator 45 is
depressed, thereby unblocking the valved passage in the assembly
39. This permits the fluid contents of the bladder 17 to be
expelled under the contractive force of the bladder wall 19. If the
actuator 45 is held depressed long enough or often enough, the
bladder 17 will eventually return to its initial state shown in
FIG. 1 because of its initially longitudinally stretched condition
in which it is held upon the supporting rib 31. In this way the
waste attendant to substantially less than all of the bladder
contents being expelled is eliminated.
FIGS, 5, 6, and 7 show some of the variations in the configurations
of the container 13 which are made possible by the pressurized
capsule concept illustrated in FIGS. 1-4. In FIG. 5 the container
is shown to be circular in cross section and the pressurized
capsule 15, as indicated by its actuator 45, is shown to be
alternatively positioned either axially, in solid lines, or away
from the axis of the container, in dashed lines. In FIG. 6, axial
and offset locations for the pressurized capsule 15 are shown with
reference to a container 13 having an oval cross section, and a
generally rectangularly cross sectioned container 13 is illustrated
with three alternative pressurized capsule locations in FIG. 7.
This flexibility in container configuration and in capsule location
is made possible by the fact that the bladder 17 expands
asymmetrically with reference to the supporting rib 31 so that the
supporting rib can be easily offset toward a wall sector of a
container and the bladder 17 will still be able to expand properly
toward the opposite wall sectors of the container, ultimately
conforming thereto.
Referring next to FIGS. 14, 15 and 16, two alternative
constructions fo the valve assembly 39 will be described next.
Generally, the valve assembly shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 is intended
for situations where the bladder 17 is to receive its contents
through the completed valve assembly 39. On the other hand, the
alternative valve embodiment shown in FIG. 16 makes possible the
filling of the bladder 17 through the valve assembly prior to its
completion which, as will be seen later, permits the filling to
occur more quickly.
Referring specifically to FIGS. 14 and 15, the valve assembly 39
illustrated there is comprised of an inner gland 63 and an outer
gland 65 held together by a locking cap 67 and clamping between
them the neck 29 of the bladder 17. The remaining principal parts
of the valve assembly 39 are a valve stem 69, a valve seat gasket
71 on the valve stem 69, and a valve spring 73 compressed between
the valve stem 69 and the inner gland 63. The inner gland 63 has a
slightly tapered cylindrical outer wall 75 onto which the tubular
open end, or neck 29 of the bladder 17 is pushed. The tapered wall
75 terminates in an outwardly flared peripheral surface 77 and the
bladder neck 29 is pushed up on the tapered gland surface 75 until
it rides out onto the peripheral surface 77. With the bladder neck
29 in this position the outer gland 65 is moved axially along the
bladder 17 until it is in the position shown in FIG. 14 in which a
slightly tapered inner wall 79 of the outer gland 65 is opposite
the tapered outer wall 75 of the inner gland 63. In this position
the inner and outer glands 63 and 65 clamp the bladder neck 29
between them, thereby producing a tight and sealing fit. The
bladder neck 29 is further secured by a pinching ring action
produced by a peripheral convex rim 81 which is at the upper end of
the tapered inner wall 79 and which is opposite the flared inner
gland surface 77. Just outside the peripheral rim 81 the gland
member has a peripheral well portion 83 so as to provide room for
alternative bladder neck configurations, wherein the extreme end of
the bladder is provided with a bead for even more secure anchoring
thereof. Examples of such beaded bladder necks appear in FIG.
28.
Having assembled the inner and outer glands 63 and 65 with the
bladder neck 29 between them, the next step is to insert the valve
spring 73 inside the inner gland 63 wherein it is supported by a
set of radially inwardly extending remaining fingers 85. Seated on
top of the valve spring 73 is the valve stem 69 which is held
centered in the valve spring 73 by means of an axially extending
seating guide 87. The valve stem 69 includes in addition to the
guide 87, a valve disk 89 having fingers 90 extending radially
therefrom to hold it in place against the force of the spring 73,
and a slotted cylindrical stem which is illustrated as being
comprised of a set of prongs 91. The valve seat gasket 71 which is
preferably made of an elastomeric material and which is essentially
right cylindrical with a cylindrical inner surface 93, may be
mounted upon the valve stem 69 prior to its assembly into the inner
gland 63, with the inner surface 93 of the gasket 71 fitting snugly
but axially slideably upon the valve stem prongs 91.
At its upper end the inner gland 63 has a peripheral, radially
outwardly extending ledge or rim 95 having an inner cylindrical
surface 97 terminating at its bottom in a radially inwardly
extending narrow ledge 99. Seated in the space within the rim 95
and defined by the surfaces 97 and 99 is the valve seat gasket 71.
The gasket has a cylindrical outer surface 101 which is dimensioned
to provide a press fit against the gland inner surface 97 and to be
restrained against axial movement toward the bottom of the inner
gland 63 by the ledge surface 99.
The next element to be added to the assembly is the locking cap 67
which is principally comprised of a disk 103 having a peripheral
rim 105 from which a plurality of flexible locking fingers 107
depend. The locking fingers 107 include a beam portion 109 which is
capable of flexing radially outwardly and which terminates in a
locking tip 111. Collaborating with the locking fingers 107 is a
tapered rim 113 at the top of the outer gland 65. The outer gland
upper rim 113 and the locking cap finger tips 111 are provided with
cooperating cam surfaces 115 and 117 respectively. When the locking
cap 71 is pushed axially onto the outer gland 65, the camming
surfaces 117 ride axially along the camming surfaces 115 forcing
the fingers 107 radially outwardly until the finger tips 111 pass
the bottom of the outer gland upper rim 113 at which point the
fingers snap radially inwardly and lock the cap upon the gland
65.
After the construction of the valve assembly 39 has progressed to
the stage just described, normally the next step is to attach the
closed end 27 of the bladder 17 to the tip 33 of the supporting rib
31 and to insert the base 37 of the supporting rib into the valve
assembly 39. Since this aspect of the pressurized container 11
forms an important part of the invention, it will be described in
greater detail hereinafter. Let it be assumed for purposes of the
present description that this step has been accomplished. With the
bladder 17 and the supporting rib 31 in place, the next step is to
insert the valve assembly 39, with the supporting rib 31 extending
downwardly therefrom as seen in FIG. 1, into the container neck 41.
Two means for securing the valve assembly 39 in the container neck
41 are illustrated in FIG. 14. The first means includes a set of
flexible fingers 119 which are integral with the outer gland 65 and
which extend radially outwardly from the outer cylindrical surface
121 thereof. The fingers 119 include outwardly angled flexible
shanks 123 terminating in stop surfaces 125 which are generally
parallel to the underside of the end wall 43 of the container 13.
The peripheral surfaces 127 of the outer gland retaining finers 119
are axially tapered so as to present camming surfaces whereby the
fingers 119 are compressed radially as the valve assembly 39 is
pushed through the opening in the end wall 43. Once the fingers 119
and in particular their camming surfaces 126 have cleared the end
wall 43 they snap radially outwardly and retain the valve assembly
39 in the end wall 43, with the finger stop surfaces 125 preventing
radial movement of the valve assembly relative to the end wall.
A second, and alternative, means for securing the valve assembly 39
is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 14 as a set of flexible retaining
fingers 140 extending upwardly from the container end wall 43 as
having radially inwardly extending tips 142 which hold the valve
assembly 39 captive.
Once the valve assembly 39 has been installed in the container 13,
the unit is ready to receive its fluid content. With the type of
valve assembly llustrated in FIG. 14 this is done by utilizing the
valving action of the valve stem 69 and the valve seat gasket 71.
In particular, filling of the bladder 17 takes place through a
cylindrical axial opening 127 in the locking cap 67. As seen in
FIG. 14, the valve stem prongs 91 bear not only against the gasket
71 but also are seated in the locking cap opening 127 with which
they are in sliding engagement. Normally the components of the
valve assembly 39 define a valved passage which extends through the
inner gland 63 and through the locking cap opening 127, which
passage is blocked by the combined action of the gasket 71 and the
valve stem 69. The blocking of the passage 129 is accomplished by
the intimate engagement of the convex peripheral upper edge 131 of
the valve stem disk 89 and of the abutting bottom inner corner 133
of the gasket 71 which is deformed by the surface 131 into a
peripheral concave configuration. The passage 129 is unblocked by
moving the valve stem 69 axially relative to the remaining parts of
the valve assembly 39, typically by inserting a hollow plunger into
the cap opening 127 so as to press against the valve stem prongs
91. When this happens, the valve stem convex surface 131 separates
from the gasket corner 133 and fluid is allowed to flow from the
bottom portion of the valved passage 129 between the normally
abutting peripheral surfaces 131 and 133 and between the valve stem
prongs 91 out through the upper portion of the valved passage 129,
defined by the locking cap axial opening 127. The valve assembly 39
is returned to its locked state by releasing axial pressure from
the valve stem 69, whose disk 89 is promptly returned by the valve
spring 73 into sealing engagement with the gasket 71.
Thus, to fill the bladder 17 through the valve assembly 39 a
filling spigot (not shown) is normally inserted through the cap
opening 127 so as to depress the valve stem 69 and fluid is then
fed under pressure through the valve assembly 39 into the bladder
17. When the bladder 17 has received its desired contents and has
sufficiently expanded to accommodate such contents, the filling
spigot is lifted out of the valve assembly 39 and the filling step
is considered complete. All that remains is to snap the actuator 45
into place. The actuator 45 illustrated in FIG. 14 is slightly
different from that shown in FIGS. 1-4. It is comprised of a cap
portion 135 having a skirt 137 riding on the neck 41 of the
container 13 so as to guide the actuator 45 between its released
and depressed states and an axially extending tubular plunger 139
which is received in the locking cap opening 127. The plunger 139
has a passage 141 therein which is continued through a radially
extending spout 143. When the actuator 45 is depressed toward the
container 13, its plunger 139 unseats the valve stem 69, opens the
passage 129, and allows fluid to be discharged through the actuator
passage 141.
Turning now to the manner in which the supporting member 31 is
rigidly anchored in the valve assembly 39, in the preferred
embodiment of the invention, as best shown in FIG. 17, the member
31 assumes an arcuate shape at its base extending over
approximately 180.degree. of arc. Extending from the base of the
support member 31 is an arcuate tongue 145 approximately bisected
by a slot 147. Cooperating with the tongue 145 is an annular groove
149 formed by a pair of concentric cylindrical walls 151 and 153 at
the base of the outer gland 65. A set of ribs 155 connect the inner
and outer gland wall members 151 and 153 across the annular groove
149. The width of the annular groove 149 is designed so as to
assure that it will grab tightly the arcuate tongue 145 at the base
of the support member 31. Similarly, the ribs 155 have a thickness
designed to cause them to be tightly engaged with the slot 147
between the segmented halves of the arcuate tongue 145. The purpose
of the particular mounting arrangement illustrated in FIG. 17 is to
permit the support member 31 to be mounted ithe outer gland 65 in
any one of four different positions spaced 90.degree. apart, a
flexibility in design which has advantages in certain
applications.
FIG. 16 shows an alternative arrangement for the valve assembly 39.
The alternative valve assembly of FIG. 16 includes the same
principal elements as those contained in the valve assembly of FIG.
14 and are identified with the same reference numerals, but with
the suffix a added for clarity. The basic difference between the
valve assemblies of FIGS. 14 and 16 is in the manner in which they
are held together. The valve assembly of FIG. 14 is held together
by the locking cap 67 which interlocks with the outer gland member
65, capturing the remaining elements of the valve assembly 39
between them. In contrast, the inner and outer gland members 63a
and 65a of the valve assembly 39 in FIG. 16 interlock without the
aid of the locking cap 71a, which permits them to secure the
bladder neck 29 between them before the valve stem 69, the valve
spring 73 and the valve gasket 71 have been installed. This in turn
has the advantage of permitting fluid to be injected through the
inner gland member 63a into the bladder 17 without interference by
the aforementioned valve elements, and hence more quickly.
Turning more specifically to the elements of the modified valve
assembly of FIG. 16, the inner gland member 63a is provided at its
upper end with an outwardly flaring peripheral cam surface 157.
Cooperating with the cam surface 157 are a set of locking fingers
159 which extend upwardly from the rim of the outer gland members
65a. The locking fingers 159 terminate in radially inwardly pointed
tips 161 having inwardly sloping cam surfaces 163. The locking
fingers 159 are flexible and bend radially outwardly as the outer
gland 65a is pushed onto the inner gland 63a, the bladder neck 29
first having been pulled onto the inner gland 63a, with the inner
gland cam surface 157 bearing against the outer gland finger cam
surfaces 163. When the outer gland finger tips 161 pass above the
top of the inner gland 63a, the locking fingers 159 snap back
radially inwardly securely to capture the inner gland 63a inside
the outer gland 65a.
With the outer gland 65a locked around the inner gland 63a and with
the bladder neck 29 clamped between them, the assembly shown in
FIG. 16 may be pressed into the end wall 43 of the container 13
(FIG. 1) in preparation for filling of the bladder 17. One
effective way of accomplishing this is to apply a vacuum between
the inner walls of the outer container 13 and the wall 19 of the
bladder 17. The bladder wall thickness may be designed for this
purpose to be such that the atmospheric pressure inside the bladder
is capable of inflating the bladder 17 to its ultimate size which
is typically the fully inflated state shown in FIG. 4. In certain
instances where it is desired that the bladder 17 be expanded with
greater force than that made possible by the pressure differential
between simple atmospheric pressure inside the bladder and a near
vacuum in the space between the bladder and the container 13, an
ambient pressure which is greater than atmospheric may be
maintained in the space where the pressurized container 11 is being
filled.
After the bladder 17 has been inflated by the pressure differential
created between the inside of the bladder and the space between the
bladder and the container wall, the substance to be filled is
injected into the bladder through the inner gland 63a as if an open
bottle were being filled, since the bladder will typically adhere
to the wall of the container. Once filling has been accomplished,
the pressure differential must be maintained until the remaining
valve elements have been installed. This is so since the bladder 17
is now stretched and if the pressure differential were released,
the bladder would contract and would expel its contents. Therefore,
while the pressure differential is still maintained, the valve
spring 73a, the valve stem 69a and the gasket 71a are installed
inside the inner gland 63a after which the locking cap 67a is
snapped in place. It will be noted from FIG. 16 that the locking
cap 67a has the same type of locking fingers 107a as its
counterpart in FIG. 14 and that it engages with the rim of the
outer gland 65a in the same manner as explained with reference to
FIGS. 14 and 15. There is shown in FIG. 16 an optional additional
element which is a securing ring 165 that can be slipped around the
locking fingers 107a to prevent them from accidentally spreading
apart.
FIGS. 13 and 19 illustrate an alternative design for the actuator
45 and the locking cap 67 illustrated in FIG. 15. Basically, the
actuator, labeled 45b and locking cap labeled 67b, include a pair
of stop surfaces 167 and 169. As in FIG. 14, the actuator 45b of
FIGS. 13 and 19 has a hollow plunger 139b which is slideably
disposed in the axial passage 127b housing the valve stem 69 (not
shown in FIGS. 13 and 19). As explained before, when the actuator
45b is depressed, the plunger 139b slides down in the axial valve
passage 127b so as to unseat the valve stem 69. The actuator 45b is
rotatable upon the locking cap 67b, with the stop surfaces 167 and
169 abutting one another when the actuator is rotated to a
particular position (shown by dashed lines in FIG. 13) so as to
prevent the actuator from being depressed. In particular, the
surfaces 167 and 169 are formed by radially extending tabs, one of
which depends from the actuator 45b, and the other of which rises
from the top surface of the locking cap 67b. A pair of detents 171
and 173 are located on the tabs 167 and 169 and they interlock so
as to yieldably resist the actuator 45b from rotating out of its
locked position once placed therein.
In assembling the bladder 17 and the support member 31 to the valve
assembly 39, the first step is to clamp the bladder neck 29 between
the inner and outer gland members 63 and 65 either as explained
with reference to FIG. 14 or as outlined in connection with FIG.
16. Then the opposite or closed end 27 of the bladder 17 is
attached to the tip 33 of the supporting rib 31. Finally, the
arcuate tongue 145 at the base of the support member 31 is slipped
into the annular groove 149 at the base of the outer gland 65. The
length of the bladder 17 relative to that of the supporting rib 31
is designed so as to place the bladder 17 in tension along its
length. In this state one of its walls 17a (FIG. 16) lies flat
against the support surface 25 of the support member 31, while its
opposite wall 17b is constrained to lie flat against its first wall
17a along the length of the bladder except for the area near the
base of the support member 31. As a result, the bladder tends to be
empty throughout its length except for a small volume 175 just
below the bladder neck 29. The support surface 25 presented by the
support member 31 changes from a generally semi-circular concave
area near the base of the support member to one which is only
slightly curved and which may be either convex with tapered edges
(FIG. 18a), convex with flat edges (FIG. 18b), straight (FIG. 18c),
or concave (FIG. 18d). These last four possible cross sections are
merely illustrative of the variations in cross section which are
possible.
The particular bladder support member 31 to which reference has
been made thus far is best suited for use in upright containers
such as that shown in FIGS. 1-4. this type of support member 31 may
extend either parallel to the axis of the valve assembly 39, as
shown in FIG. 16, or at a slight angle, as illustrated in FIG. 14.
Alternatively, however, instead of extending substantially directly
away from the valve assembly 39, the support member 31 may also
extend transversely therefrom as shown in FIG. 20. In that figure,
there is shown a modified valve assembly 39c having a locking cap
67c similar to that illustrated in FIG. 14 and an outer gland 65c
having an arcuate slot 177 in its side terminating in a pair of
semi-circular depressions 179. Also illustrated is a modified
bladder support member 31c whose stem terminates in an arcuate
collar 181 having enlarged ends 183 designed to fit into the
depressions 179. The arcuate collar 181 is sufficiently flexible to
permit it to be snapped into the slot 177 with the depressions 179
in the gland 65c being spaced slightly farther apart than the
enlarged ends 183 so that they snap into place only after the
collar 181 has been slightly deformed, after which the ends 183
snap in place and the support member 31c is held rigidly in place
upon the valve assembly 39c.
The embodiment shown in FIG. 20 is suitable for use in containers
of the type shown in FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 wherein the container is
normally supine, that is it lies on its side and in which the valve
assembly extends from the upper side of the container. Alternative
designs suitable for use with this type of container are shown in
FIGS. 21 and 22 and in FIGS. 11 and 12. Basically, these
alternative designs feature a bladder support member 31 which is
mounted flexibly relative to the valve assembly 39 so that it is
capable of extending both axially and laterally therefrom. The
simplest of the two alternatives is shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 and
includes a tab 185 which extends from the arcuate base of the
bladder support member 31d. A set of slots 186 are distributed
peripherally along the bottom of the outer gland 65d and are
designed snugly to receive the tab 185.
Just as in the case of the mounting arrangement shown in FIG. 17,
the bladder support member 31d shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 can be
installed in nay of several alternative positions, depending upon
the slot 186 into which the tab 185 is inserted. Once in place in
the outer gland 65d, the support member 31d tends naturally to
extend axially therefrom. Moreover, it tends to remain in this
erect position due to the pull of the bladder 17 which is stretched
along its support surface 25d. The support member 31d may be left
in this position if it is desired to use the assembly in an upright
container such as that shown in FIGS. 1-4. On the other hand, if it
is desired to use it in a horizontally disposed container such as
that shown in FIGS. 8-10, then the support member 31d would be
flexed during the process of the valve assembly 39d being installed
into the opening provided for it in the side of the container, as
indicated in dotted lines in FIG. 21.
The second alternative for providing a valve support member which
can be used in a horizontally disposed container is to mount the
support member upon the valve assembly by means of a hinge. As best
shown in FIGS. 8-12, a supine dispenser featuring a hinged support
member 31e includes a container 13e having a flat bottom wall and a
flat top wall having a slightly thickened portion 43e supporting a
raised neck 41e. A valve assembly 39e is seated in the wall portion
43e in the neck 41e. The hinged bladder support member 31e best
shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 includes a flat neck 187 having a pair of
spaced apart hinge members 189 thereon. The valve assembly 39e
includes, as in the other embodiments, a locking cap 67e and an
outer gland member 65e, the latter having a single hinge member 191
dimensioned to fit between the hinge members 189. With the hinges
189 and 191 aligned, a hinge pin 193 is inserted into them, thus
completing the hinged attachment of the support member 31e to the
valve assembly 39e.
It will be understood that the completion o the hinge will occur
after the bladder neck 29 has been clamped into the bladder
assembly 39e and after the closed end 27 of the bladder 17 has been
attached to the end 33e of the support member 31e.
As in the case of the support member 31d shown in FIGS. 21 and 22,
the contractive force of the bladde will tend to pull the support
member 31e into an erect position in which it extends axially away
from the valve assembly 39e. A pair of stop surfaces 195 at the
upper end of the support member 31e serve to determine the erect
position of the support member, these stop surfaces bearing against
the bottom surface 197 of the outer gland 65e. In this position the
combination of the valve assembly 39e, the bladder 17 and the
bladder support member 31e can be used in an upright container such
as that shown in FIGS. 1-4. Primarily, however, they are intended
to be used with the support member 31e bent at an angle with the
axis of the valve assembly 39e as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. After the
bladder 17 has been attached to the support member 31e and the
latter has been hinged to the valve assembly 39e the support member
31e with the bladder 17 stretched thereupon is inserted through the
opening in the thickened wall portion 43e and upon meeting the
bottom of the container 13e is bent thereby into the position shown
in FIG. 8. Upon inflation of the bladder 17 (either due to a
pressure differential achieved by a vacuum between it and the
container 13e, or as a result of receiving its ultimate contents),
the inflated bladder lifts the support member 31e away from the
surface of the container 13e and toward its top. If desired, a stop
surface 198 may be provided by means of a tongue 199 which extends
from between the hinge members 189 substantially parallel to the
stop surfaces 195. The tongue 199 would serve to determine the
extreme raised position of the support member 31e by bearing
against the outside of the outer gland 65e.
The bladder 17, while usually generally elongated in shape, may
vary in other details. Some of these variations are illustrated in
FIG. 28.
The simplest form of bladder is that illustrated in FIG. 28a. It is
open at one end, closed at the opposite end, has a wall of uniform
cross section and may be produced by dip processing. An alternative
form shown in FIGS. 28b and 28c is comprised of a tube 17b which is
originally open at both of its ends and whose bottom end is closed
by folding it back upon itself by means of a clip 201. The clip 201
may carry a suitable pin 203 by which the closed end of the tube
may be attached to the tip of the bladder support member.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 28d, the bladder may be slightly
tapered from its open end to its closed end and may carry a beaded
rim 204 to facilitate its anchoring in the valve assembly 39 as
illustrated in FIG. 16.
In addition to the flat and beaded terminations for the bladder 17,
other terminations may also be used, some of which are illustrated
in FIGS. 28e-28i. The purpose of these possible variations is to
facilitate the anchoring of the bladder neck 29 between the inner
and outer glands 63 and 65. Thus, the bladder neck may be flared
(FIG. 28e), beaded (FIG. 28f), flanged (FIG. 28g), outwardly
flanged and funneled with a beaded end (FIG. 28h), or simply
outwardly flanged (FIG. 28i).
Additional variations in bladder configuration may also occur at
its closed end. Thus, as shown in FIGS. 28j and 28k a tab 205 may
extend from the blind end of the bladder shown in side view in FIG.
28j and in cross section in FIG. 28k. An opening 207 extends
through the tab 205 and the bladder 17j is attached to the tip of
the support member 31 by means of a fastener through the opening
207. Alternatively, as shown by FIGS. 28l and 28m, which illustrate
the same bladder bottom portion in plan and side view, a tab 209
may extend from the blind end of the bladder terminating in a bead
211 which may be inserted in a slot provided for that purpose in
the tip of the support member 31. The bead 211 may extend axially
from the tab 209 or it may be offset slightly to one side as shown
in FIG. 28n, wherein an offset bead 214 extends from a tab 212
depending from the bottom of the bladder 17n.
Yet another variation may occur in the shape of the bladder at its
closed end. It may be slightly pointed (FIG. 28o), or it may be
flat (FIG. 28p), rather than being hemispherical in the manner
illustrated in FIG. 28a.
Finally, the bladder may be circular in cross section (FIG. 28q),
oval (FIG. 28r), or rectangular (FIG. 28s). The flattened
configurations represented by FIGS. 28r and 28s have certain
advantages for larger sized bladders in that they tend naturally to
flatten, and therefore require less pull to cause their opposite
walls to contact one another than is the case with a bladder of
circular cross section, such as that illustrated in FIG. 28q.
Alternative means for attaching the closed end of the bladder 17 to
the tip of the bladder support member 31 are shown in FIGS. 23-27.
As shown in FIG. 23a, one manner of attaching the bladder to the
tip 33 of the bladder support member 31 is to provide a slot 213 in
the tip 33 and to clamp the end of the bladder 17 inside a
deformable clip 215 having a pin 217 extending therefrom and
adapted to be slipped into and to be retained in the slot 213. The
particular clip illustrated in FIGS. 23 and 23a is made of a
continuous strip of metal through the center of which the pin 217
extends, and in which the pin is anchored by a roughly
pyramid-shaped head 219. The opposite end of the pin 217 is in the
form of a ball 221 which once inserted through the widened eye of
the slot 213 and slipped down through the slot is securely retained
therein. The bladder 17 is shown crimped between the opposite wall
portions of the clamp 215 in FIG. 23.
A non-metallic, typically plastic, fastener which is also designed
primarily for use with a bladder having a closed or blind end, such
as that illustrated in FIG. 28a is shown in FIGS. 24 and 24a. The
non-metallic clip of FIGS. 24 and 24a includes a back wall portion
225 from which a pair of opposed flexible anchoring arms 227 and
229 extend. The flexible arms 227 and 229 terminate in a pair of
latching tips 231 and 233 which are adapted to be inserted into a
corresponding pair of slots 235 and 237 in the support member tip
33, as best shown in FIG. 24. By virtue of cam surfaces carried by
the latching tips 231 and 233 and by the slots 235 and 237, as the
arms 227 and 229 of the clip 223 are inserted into the slots 235
and 237 they are forced to bend toward one another until the
latching tips 231 and 233 clear the edges of the slots 235 and 237,
after which they snap back and are captured therein.
A plunger 239 extends from between the arms 227 and 229 and into a
registering depression 241 in the tip 33. The bladder 17 is
attached to the tip 33 of the bladder support member 31 by laying
its extreme end on top of the depression 241 and between the slots
235 and 237. With the bladder in this position, the clip 223 is
snapped in place upon the support member tip 33 as a result of
which the plunger 239 enters the depression 241, clamping and
crimping the walls of the bladder 17 securely between them.
Yet another approach to attaching the bladder 17 to the support
member 31 is shown in FIGS. 25 and 25a wherein a one-piece
deformable clip 243 is illustrated. The clip 243 has a rear portion
243a in which the bladder 17 may be inserted and a front portion
243b which is initially flat and which in that flat state may be
inserted into a flat slot 245 extending through the tip 33. Once
the bladder 17 has been inserted into the clip 243 and the clip has
been pushed into the slot 245 a crimping tool is applied to the
bottom 247 of the clip 243 and also to its head 243b. By means of
the crimping tool the clip bottom 247 and the clip head 243b are
pushed toward one another which has the effect both of crimping the
bladder 17 within the clip 243 and of riveting the head 243b of the
clip within the slot 245.
In cases where the bladder embodiments with the beaded bottoms,
such as those shown in FIGS. 28l, 28m, and 28n, are used, they are
held as shown in FIGS. 26 and 26a within a slot in the support
member tip 33.
Finally, the closed end of a bladder may be attached to the tip 33
of the bladder support member 31 by providing the bladder with a
perforated tab as shown in FIGS. 28j and 28k and fastening the tab
through the perforation as shown in FIGS. 27 and 27a. In
particular, the tip 33 of the support member 31 has a cylindrical
opening 249 extending therethrough, the opening having a
constricted portion on the back side of the tip and a wider portion
entering from the front side of the tip which forms part of the
bladder support surface 25. The bladder 17 is fastened upon the tip
33 by first inserting a hollow rivet 251 through the narrow end of
the opening 249, then stretching the bladder so as to hang its tab
by means of the opening in that tab upon the shank of the rivet 251
and finally crimping the rivet so as to flatten its head, thereby
anchoring it securely in the opening 249 while at the same time
crimping its flaring opposite end against the bladder tab 205.
Some or all of the features described hereinabove may be applied
not only in a container having a single chamber and a single
pressurized capsule but also in a multi-chamber container wherein
each chamber contains its individual pressurized capsule. An
example of such a device is illustrated in FIG. 29. Shown there is
a single container 253 containing a first and a second chamber 255
and 257 separated by a common wall 259. The shapes of the
individual chambers 255 and 257 are determined by the desired
overall cross sectional configuration of the container 253 which
may be rectangular or any other shape dictated by functional or
aesthetic considerations.
Extending into the respective chambers 255 and 257 are identical
pressurized capsules 261 and 263 which are shown as being identical
to the pressurized capsule 15 illustrated in FIGS. 1-4. A single
actuator 265 is provided to control the valve assemblies of the
respective capsules 261 and 263. In particular, the actuator 265 is
provided with a pair of spaced-apart hollow plungers 267 and 269
which enter into respective ones of the valve assemblies and which
serve to draw fluid through those valve assemblies when the
actuator 265 is depressed. Both of the plungers 267 and 269 are
vented through a common passage 270 leading to and through the
spout (not shown) of the actuator 265, thereby providing a mixing
of the two fluids contained in the respective capsules.
Alternatively, separate spouts may be provided where the contents
of the capsules are to be dispensed concurrently but separately.
Naturally, separate actuators, one for each of the capsules 261 and
263 may also be provided where it is desired that their contents be
dispensed both separately and independently.
Yet another important alternative to the aforementioned embodiment
is illustrated in FIGS. 30-33. The embodiment of FIGS. 30-33 is
similar to that illustrated in FIG. 16 in that an elongated bladder
17f is anchored at its neck 29f between an interlocking inner gland
63f and outer gland 65f and wherein the valve spring, valve stem,
and valve gasket (not shown) are held in their operative positions
inside the inner gland 65f by a locking cap 67f in the same manner
illustrated in and explained with reference to FIG. 16. In addition
to these components, however, the assembly illustrated in FIGS.
30-33 also includes a flexible bag 271 inside the bladder 17f. As
explained in the introductory portion of this description, the
function of the flexible bag 271 is to provide an inner lining for
the bladder 17f which separates the bladder wall from the bladder
contents. The configuration of the bag 271 shown in FIGS. 30-33 is
one which is believed to be particularly suitable or insertion into
an elongated bladder. While the bladder 17f is made capable of
expanding by virtue of its resiliency, the bag 271 is given the
same capability by appropriate folds therein. Thus, to permit the
bag 271 to expand longitudinally its bottom portion 273 is folded
back into its top portion 275 so that the bottom and top bag
portions 273 and 275 are adjacent one another. The top bag portion
275 then extends around the neck 29f of the bladder 17f so as to be
clamped, together with the bladder neck 29f, between the inner and
outer gland members 63f and 65f. In addition, the longitudinally
folded bag, with its walls 273 and 275 forming a double wall, is
then accordion folded with pleats 276 extending radially as shown
in FIG. 31.
The sequence of the above operation is such that first the bag 271
is folded both longitudinally and radially; its upper end is
conveniently pulled onto the inner gland 63f. After this step has
been accomplished, the bladder 17f is conveniently installed by
pulling its neck 29f on top of the upper end of the bag 271 around
the inner gland 63f, following which the outer gland 65f is slipped
up around the bladder 17f and snapped in place around the inner
gland 63f. With the bag 271 and the bladder 17f thus clamped in
place between the gland members 63f and 65f the bladder 17f is
stretched along the bladder support member 31f shown in cross
section in FIG. 32.
It is desirable that the support surface 25f of the bladder support
member 31f be concave in order to accommodate the bladder 17f,
which will be caused to have a considerably thicker cross section
by virtue of the bag 271 therein.
FIGS. 33a and 33b show the bladder and bag combination in their
partially expanded and fully expanded conditions. In FIG. 33a the
bladder is shown inflated partly, with its bottom extending only
slightly below the tip of the support member 31f. The bag 271 is
also only partly unfolded, with a substantial part of the
longitudinal fold, in which the bottom portion 273 extends into the
upper portion 275, still remaining. The bag 271 is shown almost
completely unfolded and the bladder 17f is shown in its fully
inflated state in FIG. 33b.
It may be seen from FIG. 33b that even though the bag 271 fits
inside the bladder 17f when the bag is in its folded, empty
condition, when the bag is filled and hence unfolded, its size
exceeds substantially the size of the bladder 17f in its contracted
position. In other words, the bag 271 is made as capable of
increasing its size by virtue of its folds as is the bladder by
virtue of its resiliency.
* * * * *