U.S. patent number 3,765,198 [Application Number 05/211,002] was granted by the patent office on 1973-10-16 for panic device for a door.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Blumcraft of Pittsburgh. Invention is credited to William J. Horgan, Jr..
United States Patent |
3,765,198 |
Horgan, Jr. |
October 16, 1973 |
PANIC DEVICE FOR A DOOR
Abstract
A pivotally mounted bar is mounted on the inside of a locked
door. Upon pivotal movement of the bar toward the door a cam member
is pivoted to raise a lock bolt to unlock the door without the use
of a key. The door can be unlocked from the other side by means of
pulling on a handle and thereby pivoting a cam member to raise the
lock bolt. A lock means is provided to render inoperable the handle
portion of the device.
Inventors: |
Horgan, Jr.; William J.
(Pittsburgh, PA) |
Assignee: |
Blumcraft of Pittsburgh
(Pittsburgh, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
27375480 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/211,002 |
Filed: |
December 22, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
|
97102 |
Dec 11, 1970 |
3696648 |
Oct 10, 1972 |
|
|
86863 |
Nov 4, 1970 |
3670537 |
Jun 20, 1970 |
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
70/92; 70/153;
292/153; 70/464; 292/188 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
65/1013 (20130101); E05B 65/1066 (20130101); Y10T
70/8919 (20150401); E05C 9/008 (20130101); Y10T
70/5518 (20150401); E05B 15/004 (20130101); E05B
17/2034 (20130101); Y10T 292/1011 (20150401); Y10T
292/1031 (20150401); E05B 65/1006 (20130101); Y10T
70/5159 (20150401); E05B 17/007 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
65/10 (20060101); E05B 15/00 (20060101); E05C
9/00 (20060101); E05B 17/20 (20060101); E05B
17/00 (20060101); E05b 065/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;70/92,153,464
;292/92,93,34,165,166,153,139,143,186,188 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Craig, Jr.; Albert G.
Parent Case Text
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of my prior copending
applications Ser. No. 97, 102 filed Dec. 11, 1970, now U.S. Pat.
No. 3,696,648 issued Oct. 10, 1972, and Ser. No. 86,863, filed Nov.
4, 1970, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,670,537 issued June 20, 1972, and
discloses and claims, in part, the subject matter disclosed and
claimed in those prior applications and the applications cross
referenced therein.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A panic device, comprising:
a. a push bar attached to support arms pivotally mounted at points
offset from said bar;
b. locking bolt means comprising at least one lock bolt connected
to a slide assembly slideably mounted within said device for
extending or retracting said lock bolt with respect to said
device;
c. actuating means for moving said locking bolt means in response
to pivotal movement of said bar to effect said retraction, said
actuating means comprising a pivotally mounted cam lever positioned
for engagement along a first portion thereof by one of said arms
and along a second portion thereof with a follower on said locking
bolt means so that when said arm is pivoted toward said locking
bolt means, said first portion of said actuating means will act as
a cam follower on said arm and pivot said lever whereby said second
portion will cam said follower on said locking bolt means upwardly
and cause said lock bolt to retract with respect to said device;
and
d. a means for actuating said locking bolt means in response to
movement of a handle when said push bar is positioned on one side
of a door and said handle is positioned on the opposite side of a
door, comprising: a handle pivotally mounted at one end and having
the other end pin connected to a second cam lever; said second cam
lever being pivotally mounted and having an elongated slot
slideably engaged with said pin on said handle in a first portion
thereof, and having a second portion thereof extending into said
device for engagement with said follower on said locking bolt
means, so that when said handle is pivoted outwardly away from said
door and said locking bolt means, said first portion of said second
cam lever will cause said second cam lever to pivot whereby said
second portion of said second cam lever will cam said follower on
said locking bolt means upwardly and cause said lock bolt to
retract with respect to said device.
2. The invention of claim 1 wherein interferring means is provided
to inhibit the pivotal movement of said second cam lever and
thereby prevent it from actuating so as to retract the lock bolt as
aforesaid, comprising: a lock cylinder having a locking tab pivotal
in response to rotation of a key in the lock cylinder; a slide
having a plurality of tabs extending therefrom and being mounted to
move vertically in a housing on the same side of the door as said
handle; said housing retaining said second cam lever; one of said
tabs extending transversely from said slide; said second cam lever
having a slot therein to accept said transversely extending tab and
thereby prevent said second cam lever from rotating and actuating
said locking bolt means; the remaining tabs of said slide being
positioned so that when the tab on said lock cylinder is rotated in
one direction it will engage one of said tabs to raise said slide
and insert said transversely extending tab into said notch and in
the event that the tab on the lock cylinder is rotated in the
opposite direction it will engage the other tab on the slide and
force the slide downwardly thereby withdrawing the transversely
extending tab from the notch.
3. The invention of claim 2 wherein retention means are provided to
retain said slide in either of two predetermined positions upon
appropriate movement of said slide by said tab on said lock
cylinder as aforesaid, said retention means comprising: a spring
loaded ball mounted in said housing; and a plurality of notches in
said slide for engagement with said ball to retain said slide in
either its interferring position with said notch or its
non-interferring position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a device, known as panic device, for use
on the inside of a door on a fire escape in public buildings and
the like, to allow people quickly to unlock and open the door from
the inside without a key.
Panic devices are known in the art and are used to actuate lateral
and vertical lock bolts.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
My invention comprises a bar actuated panic device which, in its
preferred embodiment, has a plurality of pivoted cam levers for
raising the vertically mounted lock bolt of a locked door from
either side. One such lever is provided for each side of the door
without the need for further parts. The levers act independently of
one another. Lock means are provided for inactivating the lever on
the outside of the door.
Accordingly, its an object of this invention to provide a new and
novel panic mechanism of the type described .
This and other objects of the invention will become apparent from
the following description with a reference to the accompanying
drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an elevation of a panic device in accordance with the
present embodiment of my invention shown mounted on a door which is
partially broken away and depicted from the inside of a building
shown by way of shading around the outer portion of the frame
wherein the door is mounted;
FIG. 2 is a vertical section taken as indicated by the lines and
arrows 2--2 in FIG. 1 showing the panic device and door partially
broken away and foreshorten and showing a portion of the
surrounding structure for purposes of illustrating the
environment;
FIG. 3 is a section similar to a portion of the section shown in
FIG. 2 showing certain parts of the device in alternate positions
with certain of the detailed parts removed for the sake of
clarity;
FIG. 4 is another section similar to a portion of FIG. 2 showing
several of the parts in alternate positions with details eliminated
for the sake of clarity;
FIG. 5 is a vertical section taken as indicated by lines and arrows
5--5 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 shows several of the parts shown in FIG. 5 in alternate
positions; the phantom lines being used for the sake of
clarity;
FIG. 7 is a section taken as indicated by the lines and arrows 7--7
in FIG. 2 with several of the parts shown partially broken away;
and
FIG. 8 is a section taken as indicated by the lines and arrows 8--8
in FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Although specific forms of the invention have been selected for
illustration in the drawings, and the following description is
drawn in specific terms for the purpose of describing these forms
of the invention, this description is not intended to limit the
scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims.
FIG. 1 shows a panic device designated generally 10 mounted on a
door 12 in association with a lock mechanism; the housing of which
is designated generally 14. The door 12 is supported for pivotally
movement in the doorway 16 of the building. The panic mechanism 10
is generally located on the inside of the door, so that when the
door is locked and when one wishes to leave the building from the
inside, one merely pushes down on the panic device and this
releases the lock so that the door swings outwardly.
The lock mechanism in accordance with the preferred embodiment of
this invention is of the vertical bolt type, which has a bolt which
is movable vertically within a housing and can be extended from the
housing into the surrounding structure to lock the door and can be
withdrawn from the surrounding structure into the housing so that
the door can be swung open. Several similar type vertical mechanism
are shown in my prior copending applications.
In this embodiment the housing supporting the lock bolt and lock
mechanism is of the type designed to operate from a lock cylinder
in what I described as the flush mounted condition, that is, the
cylinder 230 FIG. 2 is disposed with its axis passing through the
plane of the face of the door (and preferably perpendicular
thereto) so that the lock tab 232 at the end of the cylinder in the
lock mechanism is in a plane which is substantially parallel to the
face of the door. The handle 200 (shown in FIG. 2) serves to
operate the lock bolt mechanism from the outside of the door and
the key actuated lock cylinder is used only to prevent the handle
from functioning.
On the inside of the door, the lock bolt is operated by the panic
bar 26. The half height lock housing 14 is similar to that shown in
my previous applications and, in this embodiment, has a single lock
bolt mechanism terminating in a lock bolt at the bottom. It is
within the scope of this invention to use full height hardware with
bolts at both the top and the bottom. The housing is connected to
the door in any suitable manner (not shown). The housing comprises
a rigid U-shaped channel member 21 FIG. 8 which is interfitted with
a cover 23. Contained within the housing is a cam lever actuated
slide bolt assembly which will be described in greater detail
hereinafter.
The slide bolt assembly comprises a locking slide assembly
designated generally 30 FIG. 5 comprising a slide 31, a cylindrical
bearing 32 made of a suitable bearing material and supported to
rotate about a pin 33 FIG. 2, and rotatable slide support bearings
34 FIG. 5 mounted on pins 35. The entire locking slide assembly 30
is designed to move in relatively free sliding fit in the channel
formed by the members 21 and 23 as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5. This
locking slide assembly 30 supports the bolt assembly by means of a
rod 36 which is connected to the locking slide assembly by a pin 37
FIG. 2 and extends downwardly to terminate in a paddle-shaped
portion 38 FIG. 5 fixedly connected thereto by the pins 39. The
paddle-shaped portion 38 has an elongated slot 40 therein.
The bolt assembly designated generally 42 comprises a bolt 44 which
is supported on rotatable bearings 46 mounted on pins 48 to slide
within the housing in much the same manner as the locking slide
assembly 30. The lower end of the bolt terminates in a roller 50
mounted on a pin 52 and this portion of the mechanism functions in
such the same manner as that disclosed in my previous
applications.
The bolt 44 is suspended from the rod 36 by means of a pin 54 in
fixed engagement with a bolt and disposed in sliding engagement in
the hole 40. The function of this arrangement will be described in
connection with the jimmy proof portion of the invention.
The jimmy proof mechanism comprises a retainer block 60 which is
fixally mounted in a housing and has mounted therein rotatable
bearing 62 on pin 64 for engagement with the side of the rod 36 as
shown in FIG. 5. On the other side of the rod a similar rotatable
bearing 66 is mounted on pin 68 in sliding engagement with the rod
36. The pin 68 is disposed on a latch 70 which is pivotally mounted
about a pin 72 fixed in the retainer block 60. A spring 74 is
mounted in any suitable fashion as shown to urge the latch 70
toward the rod 36 and thereby maintain the bearing 66 in engagement
with the rod as well as force the rod 36 against the bearing 62.
The latch 70 extends beyond the bearing 66 in a finger-like
extension 80.
As will be observed from FIG. 5 when the bolt is in its extended
position so that it extends into the frame surrounding the door,
the latch 70 is urged by the spring 74 to a position wherein the
finger 80 would interfere with the upward movement of the bolt 44;
such movement being provided by, for example, a tool applied to the
bottom portion of the bolt in an effort to force it upwardly. The
bolt can move a short distance because the pin 54 is slideable in
the slot 40. However, the rod 36 will not be moved. Thus the device
is jimmy proof.
If, however, the mechanism (to be described more fully hereinafter)
was approximately actuated from the top in order to move the slide
assembly 30 upwardly and thereby pull the rod 36 upwardly, the cam
surface 82 would cause the bearing 66 to pivot the latch 70
outwardly in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIGS. 5 and 6 so
that the extension 80 would no longer interfere with the top of the
bolt 44 and the bolt would be raised from the position shown in
phantom in FIG. 6 to the position shown in full lines therein.
During this path of travel, the bolt is acted upon by gravity, so
that the pin 54 is in the bottom of the slot 40.
In order to actuate the slide assembly 30 I have provided
independently actuated cam levers. One lever is actuated by the
panic bar. The push bar 26 is fixedly mounted at both ends to
pivotally mounted supports 27 and 27' FIG. 1. The one on the right
27' shown in FIG. 1, is mounted to a block 29 affixed to the door;
while the one on the left 27 is integrated with the housing in the
manner to be described. Referring now more particularly to FIG. 2
and 3, it will be noted that the member 27 is pivotally mounted
about the pin 90 in the retainer 92 which is affixed to the
housing. The member 27 is urged outwardly away from the door, so
that it pivots in a counterclockwise direction when viewed in FIG.
2, by the spring 94 which is partially disposed in a hole in a
retainer 92 and in a hole in the member 27 as clearly illustrated
FIG. 2. The upper end of the member 27 engages the retainer 92, as
shown, in order to prevent counterclockwise rotation beyond the
limits of that illustrated in the figure. It will be noted,
however, that the member 27 can be pivoted toward the door about
the pin 90 from the position shown in FIG. 2 to, for example, the
position shown in FIG. 3.
The cam lever 96 is pivotally mounted about a pin 98 which is fixed
in the retainer 92. At one end of the lever 96 a rotatable bearing
follower 100 is provided mounted on pin 102 and normally in
engagement with the inner bearing surface 104 FIG. 2 of the member
27. The other end of the lever has a bifurcated extension 106 FIG.
8. This fork-shaped extension lies below the bearing 32 and is in
sliding engagement therewith, so that the bearing 32 acts as a
follower on the upper surface of the fork-shaped extension when the
lever 96 is rotated from, for example, the position shown in FIG. 2
to the position shown in FIG. 3. This action causes the slide
assembly 30 to move upwardly within the housing thereby withdrawing
the bolt from its position in the surrounding door frame and
retracting it within the housing.
Therefore, it will be appreciated that when one, approaching the
door and seeking to unlock it and swing it open from the inside,
pushes on the bar at 26 urging it toward the door, the bar 26 will
rotate downwardly toward the door and the member 27 will pivot
toward the door in a downward clockwise motion, thereby moving the
bearing 100 in a clockwise direction about the pivot 98 and moving
the extension 106 in a clockwise direction about the pivot 98,
thereby forcing the bearing 32 and the assembly 30 to move
vertically upwardly in the housing, as previously described. All in
one action, the bolt is removed from its locking position in the
frame and the door is swung open.
The description setforth above covers a jimmy proof panic device
operable from the side of the door upon which the panic device is
mounted. Means for retaining the bolt in its retracted position
while the door remains open are known in the art and will not be
described herein.
It's desirable to provide means to operate the device from the
outside as well. It's further desirable to be able to lock the door
from the outside so that the outside actuating means can not be
used, but at the same time allow use of the panic device. I shall
now describe the portion of my invention which accomplishes these
desirable ends. In particular referring to FIGS. 2, 4, and 8, the
handle 200 is pivotally mounted at its upper end on the pin 202 to
the outside of the door 12. If the handle is grasped and pulled it
will pivot in a clockwise direction about the pin 202 when viewed
as in FIG. 2. The door is cut out so that the lower portion 204 of
the handle passes through the door and abuts the rear of the lock
housing. A cam lever 206 is provided mounted for rotation about the
pin 208 which is fixally attached to the housing assembly
designated generally 210 which is mounted to the outside of the
door. One end of the lever 206 has an elongated slot 212 therein
which embraces in a sliding fit the pin 214 which is fixally
mounted in the lower portion 204 of the handle. Thus when the
handle is pivoted clockwise the lever 206 is pivoted
counterclockwise about the pin 208 (as can be seen from a
comparison of FIGS. 2 and 4; FIG. 4 showing the handle and lever
arm in the pivoted position). Another portion of the lever 206
comprises an extension 216 which extends into the lock bolt housing
and is positioned so that it is embraced by the fork-shaped portion
106 as shown in FIG. 8 and further so that it is below the bearing
32 whereby the bearing acts as a follower on the upper surface of
the extension 216 in much the same manner as the bearing acted as a
follower on the upper surface of the portion 106. Thus when the
handle is moved from the position as shown in FIG. 2 to the
position shown in FIG. 4 the lever 206 is pivoted as aforesaid and
the extension 216 pivots counterclockwise to lift the lock bolt
assembly 30.
It will be apparent from what has been described thus far that the
operation of the handle allows one on the outside of the door to
raise the lock bolt into the housing and thereby swing the door
open. Note that the panic device is uneffected by this operation.
Upon release of the handle the spring 220 which is braced against
the inner side of the housing 210 exerts a force against the member
206, as clearly shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, to force the lever 206 to
pivot about the pin 208 in a clockwise direction and return the
handle to the position shown in FIG. 2. To prevent the actuation of
the lever 206 I have provided a lock cylinder and associated slide
mechanism which, upon appropriate actuation of the lock, moves into
inferring relationship with the lever 206. Referring to FIGS. 2, 3
and 7, the lock cylinder 230 is positioned in a flush mounted
condition wherein the tab 232 lies in a plane which is
substantially parallel to the plane of the face of the door upon
which the handle is mounted. Note that the section line 7-7 in FIG.
2 passes through the tab 232 so that the tab is shown in section in
FIG. 7 as it would appear as viewed from the left in FIG. 2.
Rotation of the tab actuates the slide 234 which is mounted within
the housing 210 so that it is confined to slide vertically upwardly
and downwardly within a guide 236. The guide has an elongated slot
238 in which the laterally extending tab 240 of the slide 234 moves
in sliding engagement therewith. A notch 242 in the lever 206 is
juxtaposed with the slot 238 when the mechanism is in the position
shown in FIG. 2. Thus if the slide 234 were raised from the
position shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 7, the tab 240 would be raised and
eventually as it reached the upper limits of its travel in the slot
238 would enter the notch 242. Therein it would be in interferring
relation with the pivotal movement of the lever 206 about the pin
208.
In order to raise the slide 234 the tab 232 is rotated by means of
the key in the lock cylinder 230 and as it rotates in a clockwise
direction (when viewed as in FIG. 7) it will ultimately engage the
tab 244 which extends laterally from the slide 234, and then as the
tab 232 continues to rotate it will force the slide 234 upwardly in
the housing and the guide 236. In order to retain the slide in
either the upper or lower of its two predetermined positions, I
have provided a hole 246 in the guide 236, which hole retains a
spring 248 and a ball 250. The spring 248 is under compression and
tends to force the ball out of the hole. A plurality of notches 252
and 254 are provided in the surface of the slide 234 adjacent to
the hole, so that, as the ball tends to exit from the hole it
partially enters one of the notches 252,254. The spring force
perameters are such that the vertical force exerted on the slide
234 by the tab 232 will cause the ball to be forced back into the
hole against the action of the spring 248, but at the same time it
will be appreciated that if no such force is applied, the slide 234
will remain in either the up or down position depending on which
notch the ball is in.
In the position shown in FIG. 7, the ball is in the notch 252 and
this retains the slide in the down position wherein the handle 200
is unlocked. If the tab 232 were to raise the slide 234 to the
locking position, the ball 250 would be in the notch 254 and would
retain the slide 234 in that position. In order to remove the slide
from its interferring relationship with the lever 206, the tab 232
can be rotated in a counterclockwise direction when viewed as in
FIG. 7 until it engages the tab 256, and as it continues in its
counterclockwise rotation it will force the slide 234 vertically
downwardly until the ball 250 rest in the notch 252 as shown in
FIG. 7.
It will be understood that various changes in the details,
materials and arrangement of parts which have been described and
illustrated in order to explain the nature of this invention, may
be made by those skilled in the art within the principle and scope
of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.
It will further be understood that the "Abstract of the Disclosure"
set forth above is intended to provide a non-legal technical
statement of the contents of the disclosure in compliance with the
Rules of Practice of the United States Patent Office, and is not
intended to limit the scope of the invention described and claimed
herein.
* * * * *