U.S. patent number 3,762,398 [Application Number 05/215,028] was granted by the patent office on 1973-10-02 for mobile and flexible intensive care unit.
Invention is credited to Algimantas K. Boktys, John T. Schefke.
United States Patent |
3,762,398 |
Schefke , et al. |
October 2, 1973 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
MOBILE AND FLEXIBLE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Abstract
A flexible and self-contained instrumentation unit for intensive
care in a hospital, said unit having packaged together monitoring
services and ancillary services to support life of the patient
undergoing intensive care. The instrumentation unit is of
prescribed maximum width, depth and height for placement behind the
bed of the patient, for movement in and out of the hospital room,
and for conserving space. The unit has a front with monitoring
screens, a terminal strip and accessible reporting and storage
means on each side of the bed. The sides of the unit are provided
with components to serve for the intensive care of the patient.
Inventors: |
Schefke; John T. (Riverside,
IL), Boktys; Algimantas K. (Chicago, IL) |
Family
ID: |
22801343 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/215,028 |
Filed: |
January 3, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
600/301;
174/501 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
5/00 (20130101); A61B 5/02 (20130101); A61B
50/10 (20160201) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
19/02 (20060101); A61B 5/00 (20060101); A61B
19/00 (20060101); A61B 5/02 (20060101); A61b
005/02 (); A61b 005/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/2,2.5,1R,2.5R,2.1,172 ;5/2 ;174/48,49,7R ;240/73R
;312/29X |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
1965 Condensed Catalog, Lexington Instruments Corp. Pages 1-3 .
Lancet "A Patient Monitor" Pages 759, 760 Dated 10/13/62.
|
Primary Examiner: Medbery; Aldrich F.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A self-contained mobile instrumentation unit for intensive care
in a hospital, including
a frame member having a width not substantially in excess of the
width of a patient bed,
said frame having a front and back defining a depth, sides defining
the width, and a top and bottom defining a height,
a roller mounted base at the bottom of such frame member,
a unitary electronic monitoring package removably positioned in the
front of said frame member, said package having a transverse
lighting fixture at an uppermost portion, a plurality of monitoring
screens for recording and viewing physiological function aligned
below said light fixture, a mounting terminal plate strip below the
screens to receive physiological activity leads from the patient
for recording on said monitoring screens, said electronic
monitoring package providing total accessibility to personnel when
said instrumentation unit is mounted behind a patient's bed, and a
plurality of removable and interchangeable solid state modules
positioned adjacent the bottom and in the front of said frame
member for operating said monitoring screens in accordance with
patient needs,
said sides having components including storage spaces, vacuum
outlets, gas outlets, and communication links, and
means connecting hospital room gas, vacuum and electrical services
to selected components and modules of said unit.
2. A self-contained mobile instrumentation unit which includes the
features of claim 1, wherein said communication link includes a
telephone, a nurse's call signal, and a two-way speaker.
3. A self-contained mobile instrumentation unit which includes the
features of claim 1, wherein the gas outlet components in said
sides include an outlet mounting, and a communicating tube between
said outlet mounting and a conventional gas source in a hospital
room.
4. A self-contained mobile instrumentation unit which includes the
features of claim 1, wherein the storage space component is a
recessed area to accommodate a pair of vacuum trap bottles.
5. A self-contained mobile instrumentation unit which includes the
features of claim 1 wherein the electrical components in the side
include grounded outlets.
6. A self-contained mobile instrumetation unit as in claim 1
wherein the front of the unit includes an audio two-way
communication with the nurse's station as part of the communication
link.
7. A self-contained mobile instrumentation unit which includes the
features of claim 1 wherein the front of the unit includes a
plurality of drawers for medication or the like located towards the
opposite sides.
8. A self-contained mobile instrumentation unit which includes the
features of claim 1, wherein the front of the unit is provided with
an audio-visual alarm panel to indicate changes in physiological
activity beyond predetermined safety levels.
9. A self-contained mobile instrumentation unit which includes the
features of claim 1, wherein said transverse light fixture is in
the form of a prismatic black glass.
10. A self-contained mobile instrumentation unit which includes the
features of claim 1 wherein the height of the unit if not
substantially in excess of about 7 feet to fit the door height of
conventional hospital rooms, the width of the unit is not
substantially in excess of about 54 inches, and the depth is not
substantially in excess of about 9 inches.
Description
This invention relates to an improved means for providing
monitoring and life supporting services in a self-contained,
flexible package. The invention particularly refers to a unit
wherein various components and monitoring elements are provided in
a frame member mounted to a wall and receiving connections from
conventional hospital services usually provided in such a wall.
Intensive patient care is becoming more common in well equipped and
staffed hospitals. In fact, almost every large hospital today may
be considered to have areas designated for intensive care nursing,
that is, to provide life supporting services to a patient who
requires constant attention and monitoring. Such patients are often
victims of cardiac or cerebral stroke, but such patients may be
afflicted with other life challenging afflications, such as
advanced emphysema.
Intensive care services require specialized equipment for
monitoring physiological activities as well as providing ancillary
life supporting services such as oxygen, vacuum, intravenous
feeding and still others. Placing a patient under intensive care
severely strains the available material, equipment, space and
personnel of even large hospitals. The burden becomes very severe
for small and medium size hospitals. Special rooms or areas are set
up with separate monitoring instruments, communication links,
nurses stations, gas and vacuum services, as well as still other
services. Hospitals are placed under a serious burden because the
number of surgical or medial patients to be provided with intensive
care is not predictable. In view of this lack of predictability, it
is highly important that an intensive care unit or service area
have flexibility to meet varying demands. It is highly desirable to
have such a flexible intensive care means, especially means which
could be readily transferred from room to room to service a single
patient in such room. It is understandable that such means are
further desirable if they can be provided with an orderly
arrangement of equipment to be beneficial to the professional staff
as well as the patient.
Intensive care areas now commonly found in hospitals provide a
helter-skelter of components and services which understandably
psychologically distress the patient who views the operation of
such units and the manipulation of such units by trained hospital
personnel. The problem of flexibility has also compelled most
hospitals to provide a larger area for intensive care where a
plurality of patients are accommodated to economize on materials,
equipment and trained staff. One patient viewing the extreme
condition of another patient, as well as a rather frequent demise
of patients in such areas, results in severe apprehension and
fright of a patient already in a seriously life-challenging
condition. It is therefore understandable that an intensive care
means which could be flexibly utilized in a one-to-one relationship
with a patient would be exceptionally desirable, especially where
such means are advantageously disposed to be out of sight of the
patient, yet conveniently accessible for manipulation and viewing
by trained personnel.
It is therefore one object of the present invention to provide a
packaged, mobile instrumentation unit which contains monitoring and
servicing equipment to service a patient under intensive care,
which package may be moved from room to room in a hospital and be
conveniently positioned behind the head of a patient and connected
to conventional piped hospital services, as well as electrical
connections.
Yet another important object of the present invention is to provide
an improved intensive care unit of the type described which is
provided with solid state electronic modules to operate monitoring
screens which record various physiological activity, the number of
monitoring screens being selectively operated by the necessary
number of selected modules.
Yet another object of the present invention is an intensive care
unit of the type described in which a package of electrical
components is assembled in a bottom mounted caster frame to obtain
a self-contained operating unit for monitoring a patient under
intensive care and for delivery of life supporting services such as
piped gas, vacuum and intravenous fluids.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an
intensive care unit of the type described, which unit may be
mounted behind the head of the patient out of his normal view of
vision while still providing total accessibility for service of
trained personnel while providing total monitoring and patient
service under intensive care.
Yet another object of the present invention is an intensive care
unit of the type described in which a variety of components and
service elements are packaged in a single unit which is dimensioned
to serve important purposes of not substantially exceeding bed
width of a patient, having modest depth to conserve space, and
having a maximum height so that the unit may be flexibly brought in
and removed from conventional hospital patient rooms.
Yet another important object of the present invention is an
intensive care unit of the type described in which a package of
total service and monitoring for intensive care of a patient is
positioned between the head of the patient's bed and the wall so
that said unit can be advantageously anchored to the wall and
connected to the usual service sources provided in the walls of
conventional hospital patient rooms, such as vacuum lines, oxygen
lines, electrical connections, communication links and the
like.
Still another object of the present invention is an intensive care
unit of the type described wherein a lightweight frame for ease of
handling is provided to receive a packaged insert comprising a
plurality of monitoring screens, a number of solid state modules to
operate the monitoring screens, and a terminal board for plug-in
leads from the patient.
The foregoing objects are attained together with still other
objects which will occur to practitioners from time to time by
considering the invention of the following disclosure, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of the instrumentation unit;
FIG. 2 is one side elevational view;
FIG. 3 is the opposite side elevational view of the instrumentation
unit;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view, somewhat schematic, showing
connections of the instrumentation unit to existing services and
operating rooms; and
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view, on a somewhat reduced
scale, of a structural frame member and an electronic monitoring
package for said frame.
Use of the same numerals in the various views of the drawing will
indicate a reference to like parts, structures or elements as the
case may be.
An instrumentation unit is provided which is packaged in a
supporting frame member that is movalbe so that the unit, as a
whole, may be transferred from room to room in a hospital. The unit
is particularly dimensioned to advantage so that it has a maximum
height of about 7 feet for passage through door heights commonly
found in conventional rooms in hospitals. The width of the units is
not more than 54 inches so that it does not substantially exceed
the width of a hospital bed. The portions of the unit which extend
beyond the sides of the bed are provided with storage spaces,
electrical components and other features which are accessible to
the trained personnel in the hospital. The depth of the unit is not
greater than about 9 inches so that space economy is realized, and
so the unit may be conveniently placed between the wall in a
hospital room and the head of a patient's bed.
The front of the unit is advantageously disclosed as having a
plurality of monitoring screens and a transverse light fixture
thereabove. A plurality of solid state modules are removably
mounted in the unit to operate the various monitoring screens and
other monotoring devices, such as audio-visual alarms. Such modules
may be removed for service, or for specially operating a a select
number of monitoring services. The opposite sides of the unit are
advantageously provided with a variety of service components in a
manner so that they are easily accessible and operable by the
trained personnel of the hospital. The unit is anchored to the wall
from the back side, and the usual hospital services are connected
from the wall through various parts of the instrumentation unit. A
power transformer is utilized preferably at the bottom of the
frame, to isolate power sources to prevent current leakage which
could be seriously detrimental or fatal to the patient. The
instrumentation unit is thereby packaged to totally provide the
life supporting and monitoring services required for intensive care
of a patient, and such unit may be flexibly utilized by being
placed in rooms as it is needed. The unit is relatively light
weight for this purpose.
Looking now at the drawings the unit is shown to be generally
box-shaped having a front 10, a top 12, vented at 12a (FIG. 4), a
bottom 14 and opposite sides 16 and 18.
Components and parts are disposed on the front 10 of the unit so
that parts are exposed to the trained personnel even if a bed with
a head board is placed against the unit. One such part is a
sphygmomanometer including mercury pressure tube and mount 11, bulb
13, and cuff 15 in basket 17. The exposed parts and components
include a transverse lighting fixture 19 which may provide indirect
and direct lighting. The patient lighting may approximate sun light
in the spectrum and preferably has a prismatic lens as shown for
maximum diffusion. Three monitoring screens 20 are shown disposed
immediately below the transverse lighting fixture 19. A terminal
plug board or strip 22 is shown below the monitoring screens and
such strip or board has a plurality of plugs such as 24 for
connecting electrical leads to convey impulses associated with
physiological activities of the patient. The light 19, screens 20
and terminal board 22 are provided to be accessible above the head
board, if any, of the hospital bed.
The bottom half of the front 10 of the instrumentation unit is
provided with a plurality of solid state modules such as 26 which
are located behind removable covers 28. Three typical 6 inch wafers
are shown with controls, in two uncovered modules. Covers 30
provide service access to a wiring duct between modules and an
isolating transformer which is accessible through cover 32. It is
preferred that lighting 19, screens 20, board 22 and modules 26 be
provided as a separate package or insert separably positioned
within the unit, as will be later described. This insert 29 is
indicated by parting lines and extends from the top of the unit to
the bottom of the last row of module components.
The solid state modules operate the screens and other vital
services. The front 10 of the unit is also provided with a
communication link between the patient and the nurses' station,
such link shown as a two-way speaker 34 operated by control switch
36. Speaker 34 is positioned so it is proximate to the patient's
head.
The front 10 of the unit is also shown with ancillary controls
including an audio or visual monitor alarm such as a cardiac arrest
alarm 38 which alerts personnel. Master circuit breaker 40 is also
shown on the front toward one of the sides to deactivate the
electrical system in the event of shorting. A multi-channel
selector 42 tunes a particular physiological parameter onto a
monitoring screen, such selector having a sufficient number of
channels for the monitored parameters. A grounded hazard detector
44 detects any errant current at selected settings, for example, up
to 20 microamps. At predetermined levels, the detector shuts off
the monitoring system. The electrical switch 46 opens and closes
the circuit for lights and convenience outlets, as indicated.
The bottom 14 of the instrumentation unit is provided with a base
50 which additionally has casters or rollers on the underside, not
shown. These casters may be retracted in the conventional way once
the instrumentation unit is placed in position.
Mounted to side 16 of the unit is a pivotable intravenous bottle
bracket, including angel arm 52 having bent notches 54 for
frictionally contacting the top 12 of the unit when not in use, and
for holding bails of bottles when in use. One part of the angle arm
is pivotally mounted in a socket (not shown) in the top of the
unit. It is preferred that a similar bottle bracket be mounted on
the opposite side. Side 16 of the instrumentation unit is shown as
further provided with grounded outlets 60, oxygen outlet 62 and
vacuum outlets 64 and 66. Side 16 is also shown with storage
spaces, including small storage spaces 67 and larger storage space
68. The storage spaces are recesses in the sides and are
particularly used to store vacuum trap bottles to receive collected
body fluids in the usual way. It is preferred that the spaces be
back-lighted for reading collected volumes in a darkened room.
Opposite side 18 is shown as having a telephone mount assembly 70
as a further part of the communication link between the hospital
room and other stations in the hospital or elsewhere. Side 18 is
also shown with an oxygen outlet 72 which is similar to oxygen
outlet 62 on side 16. A vacuum outlet is shown at 74. Four
staggered grounded outlets 75 are shown, together with a nurses'
call jack 76. A variety of leads may be connected from the bed to
the jack 76. Storage spaces 78 and 80, similar to 67 and 68 on side
16, are shown to serve similar functions.
FIG. 4 illustrates how the various components and elements in the
instrumentation unit are connected to existing services commonly
found in hospital rooms. The patient room light 82 is joined by
conductor 84 to transverse lighting fixture 19. The nurses' call
outlet 85 is joined by conductor 86 to the nurses' call 76 on side
18 of the unit. Oxygen outlet 87 passes oxygen through flexible
conduit 88 to outlets 62 an 72. Vacuum outlet 90 creates a pressure
differential through flexible conduit 89 to outlet 64, 66 and 74.
Telephone line 92 connects telephone mount assembly 70 on side 18,
not shown in this view. Electrical outlet 94 is fed into an
isolating transformer (not shown) in the base of the unit, or into
a conventional electrically susceptible patient grounded
system.
FIG. 5 shows the structural frame member for supporting the various
monitoring and electrical components, as well as other parts and
elements. The frame member is made of a plurality of substantially
rigid but light weight elongated members which are electrically
non-conductive, such as plastic or hard rubber. Such elongated
members are spaced in position relative to one another to
accommodate the various components which are variously mounted
thereto by fasteners, not shown in detail. Four frame members are
shown defining vertical columns 100 and 102, such vertical columns
defining the opposite sides of the instrumentation unit frame
member. Electronic monitoring package 29 is inserted into the space
between the vertical columns 100, 102, as indicated in the
drawings. The insert 29 is securely fastened in the frame member in
various ways by conventional locking and fastening devices. Cross
planar members are shown defining a larger rectangular plane 104,
and a smaller rectangular plane 106. Other supporting cross frame
members may be used to enhance the rigidity or to provide further
support means for the various components, parts or elements. The
isolating transformer indicated schematically at 107 in the view of
FIG. 1 is positioned between the columns and below planar member
106. The power source wire duct (not shown) is placed above the
transformer between the columns.
It will be appreciated that the instrumentation unit has wall
coverings or plates, such as indicated, some with openings to
define the storage spaces, or recesses. Such plates are
conventionally mounted to the elongated frame members by fasteners,
not shown in detail. It will further be appreciated that the front
and back of the instrumentation unit may likewise be covered with
wall coverings or plates with fasteners in conventional ways.
The base 50 of the instrumentation unit accommodates an isolation
transformer which is connected to a power source. Such an isolating
transformer is not shown, but it is conventional, and is preferably
positioned in the base below the smaller rectangular planar member
106. The transformer isolates the power source for the patient
monitoring modules as well as isolating the power source to serve
other ancillary patient life support services through the various
apparatus and elements which are shown.
The foregoing disclosure, therefore, illustrates a totally
self-contained instrumentation unit for intensive care which
provides isolated electrical sources without endangering the
patients through leakage of current. The packaged unit also
accommodates the conventional piped services of gas and vacuum, and
the instrumentation unit provides an efficient communication link.
These advantages are in addition to the obtained advantages of
mobility of the unit for movement from room to room on its casters,
flexibility because of removable and interchangeable modules and
monitoring means to meet particular patient needs, total
accessibility to trained personnel when mounted in a convenient
location without causing distress to the patient, and light weight
construction for handling. It is understood that the desired
relative light weight of the instrumentation unit makes it
advisable to anchor the unit to the hospital room wall, and such
anchoring means may be of various effective types. For example,
flexible hooks of adjustable lengths can be fixed in the frame
members at the back of the unit, and the wall may be provided with
securely fixed locking loops or rings above the patient's bed. The
wall may be provided with threaded sockets, and the sides of the
unit may have straps or tabs which may be locked to the sockets by
a threaded fastener. Other anchoring means will occur to
practitioners.
The claims of the invention are now presented in terms which may be
further understood by reference to the foregoing description and
drawings.
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