U.S. patent number 3,762,343 [Application Number 05/231,472] was granted by the patent office on 1973-10-02 for end-nesting containers adapted to stack.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Bliss & Laughlin Industries, Incorporated. Invention is credited to Fred B. Thacker.
United States Patent |
3,762,343 |
Thacker |
October 2, 1973 |
END-NESTING CONTAINERS ADAPTED TO STACK
Abstract
A container is adapted to stack and nest with other like
containers. Each container is of a size to act as a storage rack
for one or more smaller packages so that a plurality of the
containers of this invention may be stacked one on top of the
other, along an aisle, or otherwise, to build a series of storage
racks up to a height adapted to be serviced by a standard fork lift
truck. When not in use, these containers may be nested so as to
take up minimum floor area. In a knock-down form of the container
there is provided a rigid top assembly, a rigid bottom assembly and
four separate corner posts.
Inventors: |
Thacker; Fred B. (Hudson,
OH) |
Assignee: |
Bliss & Laughlin Industries,
Incorporated (Oakbrook, IL)
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Family
ID: |
22869370 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/231,472 |
Filed: |
March 3, 1972 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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195175 |
Nov 3, 1971 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
108/53.3;
108/55.1; 206/511; 108/53.5; 206/505; 206/512 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
19/38 (20130101); B65D 2519/00293 (20130101); B65D
2519/00273 (20130101); B65D 2519/00333 (20130101); B65D
2519/00562 (20130101); B65D 2519/00059 (20130101); B65D
2519/00323 (20130101); B65D 2519/0094 (20130101); B65D
2519/00024 (20130101); B65D 2519/00955 (20130101); B65D
2519/00965 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
19/38 (20060101); B65d 019/38 (); B65d
019/44 () |
Field of
Search: |
;108/51,58 ;211/126,155
;220/97,97C,97D,97R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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535,389 |
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Jan 1957 |
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CA |
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832,434 |
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Apr 1960 |
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GB |
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Primary Examiner: Gilliam; Paul R.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A metal container pallet for stacking and end-nesting with a
second like container, comprising four parallel vertical hollow
tubular columnar posts respectively generally at the four corners
of a rectangle, with two posts at the rear of said container spaced
closer than the two posts at the front of said container so that
the rear posts may pass through between the front posts of a like
container, four rigid bottom frame members rigidly connected to
said corner posts in a horizontally extending planar relation, each
of said frame members connecting two of said corner posts, said
bottom frame members being spaced above the lower ends of said
corner posts sufficiently to permit the forks of a lift truck to
enter between said frame members and a floor upon which said corner
posts rest, three rigid top frame members extending along the sides
and the rear of said container at the top and rigidly connected to
said posts and leaving the top open between said top frame members,
the front of said container being open between said front corner
posts, lower support members at the level of the bottom of the
corner posts comprising inverted V-shape members linearly extending
continuously one along each side of the container from front to
rear and rigidly connected to said corner posts and to said bottom
frame members laterally inside of the inner edges of said front
corner posts and closely adjacent thereto and laterally outside of
the outer edges of said rear corner posts and closely adjacent
thereto, and upper support members comprising two of said top frame
members which are inverted V-shape members linearly extending
uninterrupted along each side of the container from front to rear
and each presenting said V-shape open at the front end and rigidly
connected to said corner posts and vertically directly above the
corresponding lower support inverted V-shape members and
complementary thereto, said top V-shape members being rigidly
secured to said third top frame member laterally outside said rear
corner posts and closely adjacent thereto and being rigidly secured
laterally inside of said front corner posts and closely adjacent
thereto, said upper inverted V-shape members being the uppermost
parts of the sides of said container, whereby an upper second
container may be stacked upon a first container by engaging the
self-centering lower support members of the second container with
the upper support members of the first container, which coacting
support members slidingly guide said second container rearwardly on
said first container, and a second container may be nested in a
first container by entering the second container into the open end
and open top of a first container with the lower support inverted
V-shape members of said second container sliding over the bottom
members of the first container.
2. A container as defined in claim 1, including strengthening beams
extending crosswise between said bottom frame members in the same
plane therewith, said strengthening beams welded to said bottom
frame members.
3. A container as defined in claim 1, wherein said container is at
least 24 inches in width and length and height, and there being
unobstructed openings on the sides and rear of said container
between said corner posts from said top frame members substantially
down to said bottom frame members so that the forks of a lift truck
can deposit loads in said container through all four sides
thereof.
4. A container pallet as defined in claim 1 wherein said container
pallet is adapted to be shipped in knock-down condition, wherein a
rigid bottom assembly includes said four bottom frame members and
said lower support inverted V-shape members and short lengths of
the lower portion of each of said corner posts forming a first
unitary structure, a rigid top assembly comprises said three top
frame and upper support inverted V-shape members and short lengths
of the upper portions of each of said corner posts forming a second
unitary structure, all of said short lengths of said corner posts
being tubular members with through openings, and four separate
mid-portions of said corner posts each having linearly projecting
portions received in the tubular openings of the opposite ends of
said mid-portion of each corner post of a length to be totally
received in said short corner post lengths and having dimensions
which fit snugly in said short corner post through openings,
whereby a plurality of said first and of said second unitary
structures may be piled in vertical registration for shipment with
all of said through openings of said short corner post lengths in
vertical alignment in a set at each corner enabling a separate
linear rod to be passed through each set of aligned openings, and
said separate corner post mid-portions may be shipped separately
and assembled with said first and second unitary structures at the
point of use.
Description
This application is a continuation-in-part of my co-pending
application Ser. No. 195,175, filed Nov. 3, 1971.
An object of the present invention is to provide modular units so
that the user may build his own storage rack system using a
plurality of the containers of this invention stacked one upon the
other so that the user may build such a storage rack system at any
place at any time and disassemble it or move it to another location
at will.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a container
which is generally rectangular in the top plan view having four
parallel vertical corner posts of which two posts at the rear of
the container are spaced closer than the two posts at the front of
the container so that the rear posts may pass through between the
front posts of a like container so that the second container may be
end-nested into another like container. To this end, the frame
structure of the container is completely open at the top on the
front side thereof but the side walls do not spread because the
corner posts are rigidly and firmly attached to the bottom
structure. At the same time, the support points for stacking an
upper container upon a like lower container are so constructed and
arranged that they prevent the side walls from spreading when so
assembled.
Another object of the invention is to provide a knock-down
structure so that the container may be more easily shipped.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be
apparent from the accompanying drawings and description and the
essential features thereof will be set forth in the appended
claims.
IN THE DRAWINGS,
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of one of the containers of this
invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the same taken from the right-hand
side of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of one of the containers shown in FIGS. 1
and 2;
FIG. 4 is a front elevational view upon a smaller scale showing two
of the containers of this invention stacked one vertically above
the other;
FIG. 5 is a front elevational view at the same scale as FIG. 4
showing two of the containers of this invention nested one within
the other;
FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show a knock-down form of the container
wherein;
FIG. 6 is an elevational view taken from the front of a rigid top
assembly of a container with the corner posts cut off to short
lengths;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view from the front of a rigid bottom
assembly of a container cut off with short portions of the corner
posts assembled;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the four corner posts adapted to be
assembled with the top assembly of FIG. 6 and the bottom assembly
of FIG. 7 to make a complete container;
FIG. 9 shows a stack of a plurality of the top assemblies of FIG. 6
piled for shipment with linear rods passed through each of the
corner posts to hold the stack in position;
FIG. 10 is a stack of a plurality of bottom assemblies in a
vertical pile for shipment showing in dot-dash lines how separate
linear rods are passed through each of the corner post assemblies
to hold them during shipment;
FIG. 11 is a view of four corner posts partly broken away to
complete the assembly of a single container having one of the top
assemblies and one of the bottom assemblies; while
FIGS. 12 and 13 are fragmental showings of portions of alternate
forms of lower and upper support inverted members which may be
substituted for the V-shape member shown in FIGS. 1 through 7.
The container of this invention is preferably of rigid metal
members, such as steel. It comprises four parallel vertical
columnar corner posts located at the four corners generally of a
rectangle as seen in FIG. 3. Two corner posts 10 at the rear of the
container are spaced closer than the two posts 11 at the front of
the container so that the rear posts may pass through between the
front posts of a like container when nesting two similar containers
as shown in FIG. 5. Four rigid bottom frame members are rigidly
connected to the corner posts and to each other in a horizontally
extending planar relation. The front bottom frame member 12 is
rigidly connected between the two corner posts 11 as by welding and
this connection is further strengthened by a gusset plate 13 at
each corner, each of which is welded to the frame member 12 and to
its adjacent corner post 11. Bottom frame member 14 is rigidly
secured to the two rear posts 10, as by welding, and each of these
corners is further strengthened by a gusset plate 15 welded to its
associated post 10. Two parallel bottom side frame members 16 are
provided in the same plane as the bottom members 12 and 14 and are
rigidly welded thereto. Note in FIG. 1 that these bottom side frame
members 16 are laterally inside of the front posts 11 and laterally
outside of the rear posts 10. The bottom frame members are spaced
above the floor upon which the posts 10 and 11 rest sufficiently to
permit the forks of a lift truck to enter between the frame members
and the floor to handle the containers from place to place or to
stack them as shown in FIG. 4 or to nest them as shown in FIG. 5.
The bottom is further strengthened by cross beam members 17, of
which two are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 lying in the same plane as the
members 12, 14 and 16 and rigidly secured as by welding to the side
frame members 16. Another manner of strengthening the bottom frame,
not shown, would be to run a beam from each of the front posts 11
diagonally across to the opposite rear post 10, these strengthening
members being welded to the bottom frame members and lying in the
same plane as the members 12, 14 and 16.
Three rigid top frame members extend along the sides and the rear
of the container at the top and are rigidly connected to the corner
posts. The rear top frame member is shown at 18 as being a
structural angle which is welded to the tops of the rear posts 10.
Two parallel top side frame members are here shown as inverted
V-shape members 19 which also serve as top tiering support points
or members as will presently appear. However, it should be
understood as used herein in the specification and claims that
instead of the members 19 serving a double purpose as top frame
members and as tiering support points, it might be a more complex
structure where a second member associated with the member 19 might
be called a top frame member and not at the same time serve as an
upper tiering support point. Each of the members 19 is secured by
welding at the rear end to the rear frame member 18 and at the
front end is supported by a short metallic support 20 welded to its
associated front post 11 and extending inwardly therefrom
sufficiently to underlie the front of its associated member 19.
Lower support points or members are provided at the level of the
bottoms of the corner posts comprising two parallel inverted
V-shape members 21 rigidly connected to the corner posts both front
and rear through the medium of the gusset plates 13 and 15 to which
they are welded. These members 21 lie directly vertically below the
upper tiering support points 19 and are complementary to each other
so that one will fit in the other when two like containers are
stacked one upon the other as shown in FIG. 4. The members 21 are
shown extending to the front face of the gusset plates 13 in FIG.
1, although they would carry out most of their purpose if they
terminated flat against the rear face of the associated gusset
plate 13 and were welded there. By having the members 21 visible
from the front of the container, it aids the operator of a lift
truck in stacking one container upon the other as shown in FIG. 4.
Note in FIG. 1 that the support points 19 and 21 are laterally
inside of the front posts 11 and laterally outside of the rear
posts 10.
As clearly seen in FIG. 2, the bottom structure is strengthened by
one or more short struts 22 welded between the underside of each
bottom side frame member 16 and the upper surface of the associated
bottom tiering support member, the inverted V-shape member 21. One
of these is shown provided at each side near the center of the
bottom structure.
In a preferred form of this invention, a number of the structural
members as described herein are hollow tubular members generally
square in section and between one and a half to two inches on each
side. This is true of the members 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 20 and
22. Other metal forms could be used for some of these members,
nevertheless, the hollow tubular form is preferred for the vertical
corner posts 10 and 11 so that these are better able to act as
columns when a plurality of the containers are stacked one upon the
other as shown in FIG. 4.
In using the structure thus described, the bottom might be utilized
with the cross members 17 as shown if it were going to support
skids or pallets. On the other hand, if the container is to support
a plurality of smaller packages, then the members 12, 14, 16 and 17
might be covered by wood, cardboard or sheet metal to provide a
deck.
In use as a storage structure, a plurality of the containers of
this invention may be vertically stacked one upon the other as
shown in FIG. 4. To do this, the operator would push the forks of
the lift truck from the front beneath the bottom frame members 12,
16 and 17, lift up the upper container and place it on top of the
lower container with the lower tiering support members 21 of the
upper container resting upon the upper tiering support members 19
of the lower container. It may be desirable at times to tilt the
upper container slightly backward and downward and then slide the
members 21 of the upper container rearwardly along the members 19
of the lower container to the stacked position. To this end, the
members 21 are at the lowermost position in the container and the
members 19 are at the upper-most position of the container. Note
that in the stacked position of two containers, the interfitting
member 19 and 21 prevent any spreading of the posts of one
container relative to the posts of the other container.
When the containers are not in use, they may be nested together as
shown in FIG. 5 illustrating this nesting action with respect to
two containers but which may be continued for as many containers as
desired. There is no top frame member across the front of the
container and when a second container is nested upon a first like
container, the members 21 of the upper container slide across the
bottom frame members of the lower container until the rear posts 10
of the upper container engage the similar posts of the lower
container in fully nested position.
The end nesting feature of the present containers is similar in
principle to that shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,003,647, granted Oct.
10, 1961 to Warren H. Lockwood. However, the present containers are
of a size and structure adapted to be built into a storage system
as herein described. Also, the present containers should have a
dimension of at least approximately 24 inches each way so as to be
able to hold in each container a plurality of smaller packages when
assembled as a storage system. In one form of this invention,
bottom rectangular dimensions of the order of 30 to 48 inches have
been provided and with heights running from about 42 to 72 inches
and with each container capable of holding either 1,000 pounds or
2,000 pounds load. Note that the containers of this invention have
all four sides open so that they may be entered by the forks of a
lift truck at any one of the sides thereof to deposit a load on the
bottom of the container.
A knock-down form of the invention is shown in FIGS. 6 through 11
so as to enable a container to be more easily shipped. In this
embodiment, all of the parts having the same functions as those
originally described are given the same reference characters with
the prime suffix.
A rigid top assembly is shown in FIG. 6 and comprises three top
frame members, namely 18' at the rear side and two members 19' at
opposite lateral sides, these being the same as previously
described serving not only as frame members but also as upper
support inverted V-shape members. As part of the rigid top
assembly, there are two short lengths of each of the corner posts
10' in the rear and also short lengths of the corner posts 11' at
the front. These short lengths are in the same position as the tops
of the corner posts 10 and 11 shown in FIGS. 1 through 3 but are
rigidly secured as by welding to the rest of the top assembly. By
"short lengths" in the specification and claims, I mean to describe
a minor portion of the full length of the post as shown in FIGS. 1
through 3 but along enough length that it will give a firm
connection when assembled with the new corner posts shown in
connection with FIGS. 8 and 11. In one form of the invention, this
short length is approximately 5 1/2 inches where the total length
of the assembled posts is about 79 inches.
In FIG. 7, there is shown a rigid bottom assembly which comprises
four frame members 12' across the front, 14' across the rear, and
two members 16' along the sides, all lying in the same horizontal
plane. The cross bracing member 17' performs the same function as
the braces 17 previously mentioned, in the first embodiment. Also
rigid with the bottom assembly are the two lower support inverted
V-shape members 21'. At the four corners of the bottom assembly are
short lengths of corner posts 10" at the rear and two other short
lengths of corner post 11" at the front corners. These are
strengthened by gusset plates 13' at the two front corners, these
braces being like those described at 13 in FIGS. 1 through 3.
In FIGS. 8 and 10, there are shown four separate corner post
mid-portions to be assembled with the top assembly of FIG. 6 and
the bottom assembly of FIG. 7 to form a complete container. These
are all of the same length and of the same construction so one only
will be described.
The main portion of each of the posts 10a or 11a comprises a
tubular member of the same configuration and cross section as the
short corner post lengths 10', 11', 10" and 11" as just described.
Each corner post has two linearly projecting portions 10b and 11b
rigidly connected at opposite ends of each post 10a or 11a and of a
length to be totally received in the short corner post lengths
previously described and so arranged as to fit snugly in the short
corner post through openings shown in the drawings. In a preferred
form of the invention, these linearly projecting portions are
rigidly connected to their associated corner posts by integral
inwardly projecting portions 10c and 11c which, preferably, extend
into the posts 10a and 11a about the same distance as the length of
the projecting portions 10b and 11b. Preferably also, these
inwardly projecting portions fit snugly into the associated corner
post and are fastened by drilling about a one-half inch diameter
opening 23 through one wall of the tubular post 10a or 11a and
there using a plug weld to secure the parts rigidly together.
It is obvious that the parts shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 may be
quickly and easily assembled together at the point of use by
inserting the projecting portions 10b and 11b into the short corner
post lengths 10', 11', 10" and 11" so as to provide a container in
every respect like that shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and adapted to
function in the same manner as described in connection with the
first embodiment. Preferably the projecting portions 10b and 11b
are a very snug or tight fit in the short corner post portions in
the top and bottom assemblies so that the container remains in a
useful position without any other fastening means holding the
corner posts in such position. However, if necessary, or desirable,
other fastening means may be provided at the upper and lower ends
of the four corner posts.
In shipping the knock-down form of this container, a plurality of
rigid top assemblies like that shown in FIG. 6 may be stacked in
vertical alignment as shown in FIG. 9 with the openings in the
short corner post portions 10' and 11' in direct alignment. Then
suitable linear rods 24 may be passed down through the corner post
openings at the four corners of the top assemblies so as to hold
the pile firmly assembled during transportation.
In a like manner, a plurality of the bottom assemblies like that
shown in FIG. 7 may be stacked in a vertical pile as shown in FIG.
10 with the through openings in the short corner post portions 10"
and 11" in direct vertical alignment so that linear securing rods
25 may be passed downwardly, four of them through the entire stack
at the four corners to hold the pile firmly while it is being
shipped.
Obviously, the four separate corner posts 10a and 11a are very easy
to ship.
I have referred to the upper and lower support members 19, 21, 19'
and 21' as "V-shape members". I intend this term in both the
specification and claims to describe also the form of support
members shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 which are the mechanical
equivalent of the same. FIG. 12 shows a truncated V-shape section
and FIG. 13 shows an arcuate section.
* * * * *