U.S. patent number 3,760,544 [Application Number 05/147,348] was granted by the patent office on 1973-09-25 for sealing gasket with elongated internal stiffner.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Tetra Plastics, Incorporated. Invention is credited to Frederick L. Hawes, Michael A. Kubat.
United States Patent |
3,760,544 |
Hawes , et al. |
September 25, 1973 |
SEALING GASKET WITH ELONGATED INTERNAL STIFFNER
Abstract
An extruded sealing gasket for installing between adjacent panel
sections of wall structures and the like to seal and insulate
therebetween, said gasket being constructed to facilitate its
installation and to resist working loose and coming out after it
has been installed.
Inventors: |
Hawes; Frederick L. (Ladue,
MO), Kubat; Michael A. (Oakland, MO) |
Assignee: |
Tetra Plastics, Incorporated
(Chesterfield, MO)
|
Family
ID: |
22521203 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/147,348 |
Filed: |
May 27, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
52/468;
52/309.16; 52/459; 52/204.597; 52/396.04; 52/396.05 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04B
1/6162 (20130101); E04B 1/6803 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E04B
1/61 (20060101); E04B 1/68 (20060101); E04b
001/68 () |
Field of
Search: |
;52/461,464,468,465,472,400,459,309,395,573,403,396 ;94/18.2 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,183,750 |
|
Mar 1970 |
|
GB |
|
1,363,924 |
|
Mar 1964 |
|
FR |
|
1,103,501 |
|
Feb 1968 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Perham; Alfred C.
Assistant Examiner: Braun; Leslie A.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Sealing means comprising an elongated member defined by
integrally connected cross and stem portions connected to each
other in angular relationship, said stem portion being formed by
angularly related portions at least one of which is formed by
spaced wall portions and at least one elongated integral flange
extending acutely angularly outwardly from a side surface of the
stem portion toward the cross portion and at an intermediate
location on the stem portion, said flange being movable toward the
stem portion when the sealing means are installed to form spaces
along the stem portion adjacent to said flange, and an elongated
strip of a material that is stiffer, harder, less resilient and
less compressible than said elongated member, said strip being
positioned inside of the stem portion at an intermediate location
between spaced stem wall portions and extending the length thereof,
the material forming said strip having coefficients of thermal
expansion and contraction that are less than the corresponding
coefficients of the material in the stem portion, and said strip
having a greater dimension in the plane of the stem portion than
transversely thereof and said strip having a thickness that is
relatively large in relation to the thickness of the stem portions
on opposite sides thereof to be able to substantially neutralize
effects of expansion and contraction of the said stem portion due
to changes in temperature.
2. The sealing means defined in claim 1 wherein said stem and cross
portions of said elongated member are constructed of ethylene vinyl
acetate.
3. The sealing means defined in claim 2 wherein the elongated strip
is formed of Nylon.
4. The sealing means defined in claim 1 wherein said cross-portion
has an unstressed curved cross-sectional shape.
5. The sealing means defined in claim 1 wherein similar elongated
integral flanges extend angularly outwardly from both opposite side
surfaces of said stem portion, said flanges being thinner than the
said stem portion at the locations where they are attached.
6. The sealing means defined in claim 1 wherein said integral
flange has a free edge and a portion adjacent to the free edge that
is at a steeper angle relative to the stem portion than other
portions thereof.
7. The sealing gasket defined in claim 1 wherein the stiffener
member is integrally united with the stem portion of the elongated
member.
8. The sealing gasket defined in claim 1 wherein the stiffener
member is adhesively united with the stem portion of the elongated
member.
9. The sealing gasket defined in caim 1 wherein the stiffener
member and the stem portion are distinct members.
10. The sealing gasket defined in claim 1 wherein the stiffener
member is thicker than the portion of the stem portion on at least
one side thereof.
11. The sealing gasket defined in claim 1 wherein the plane of the
stem portion of the elongated member is oriented at an acute angle
relative to the cross-portion thereof.
Description
Many gaskets and related devices have been constructed and used in
the past for various purposes including to seal and/or insulate
between adjacent panels and panel sections of wall members and the
like. Some of the known gaskets have been constructed by extruding
plastic and similar materials and some have been used to insulate
as well as seal between adjacent panel sections. However, all of
the known gasket constructions including those constructed of
plastic have had certain disadvantages and shortcomings including
being difficult to install, working loose and coming out when
subjected to repeated temperature changes causing expansions and
contractions thereof, undesirably changing their length with
temperature and for these and other reasons, the known
constructions have been unsuitable and unsatisfactory for many
purposes including particularly applications where extremes in
temperature are likely to be encountered. Also, known sealing
gaskets have been so relatively flimsy and for this reason they
have been difficult to install, and the spaces in which they are
installed have had to be wider than necessary thereby increasing
the chances for looseness and reducing the insulation and sealing
effectiveness of the gaskets. These and other disadvantages and
shortcomings of the known devices are overcome by the present
construction which is an extruded plastic gasket construction that
has formed in it and extending its full length a strip or insert of
a different material than the material from which the gasket is
formed, said strip being characterized by being stiffer, less
bendable and less likely to kink than the surrounding gasket
material. The strip preferably also has a different, preferably
much lower, coefficient of thermal expansion and contraction than
the material that surrounds it, and the strip or insert preferably
but not necessarily is also of a material that does not adhere
adhesively or unite integrally with the surrounding extruded gasket
material so that some relative movement can take place between the
insert and the extruded gasket material. The insert material should
also be stiff enough so that it substantially strengthens the
portion of the gasket in which it is located so that it enables the
gasket to be installed by being forced into even relatively narrow
openings or slits with a minimum of deformation and without
kinking, while at the same time providing maximum sealing and
insulating value. The addition of the stiffener insert also reduces
creeping and other movements of the gasket after it is installed
thereby minimizing looseness and other undesirable conditions.
It is therefore a principal object of the present invention to
provide a novel extruded gasket construction which is relatively
easy to install between adjacent sections and with a minimum of
deformation.
Another object is to provide means for stiffening sealing gaskets
and like devices constructed by extruding relatively flexible
plastic substances.
Another object is to provide a relatively inexpensive sealing
gasket construction.
Another object is to provide improved means for stiffening
relatively flimsy flexible extruded plastic members.
Another object is to provide an extruded sealing gasket which
resists coming loose or falling out whn installed.
Another object is to provide an extruded sealing gasket device
which can be constructed in any desired lengths and sizes.
Another object is to provide improved means for sealing between
adjacent panel sections.
Another object is to provide means for neutralizing the effects of
thermal expansion and contraction in sealing members exposed to
wide temperature variations.
Another object is to form extruded sealing strips of two different
materials including materials having different stiffness and
rigidity characteristics and different coefficients of thermal
expansion and contraction.
Another object is to simplify and reduce the time required to
assemble and seal between panel members in a paneled structure.
Another object is to facilitate on the site construction of paneled
enclosures such as panels used in the construction of refrigeration
enclosures and the like by providing improved means for sealing and
insulating between adjacent panels in the structures.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention
will become apparent after considering the following detailed
specification which discloses several representative embodiments of
the present sealing and insulating means or gaskets in conjunction
with the accompanying drawing, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view showing portions of
two adjacent connected together panel members with sealing means
therebetween constructed according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing two connected aligned
panel members with the subject gasket means installed
therebetween;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view showing a
portion of a sealing gasket constructed according to the present
invention; and,
FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view showing a
portion of another embodiment of the subject gasket.
Referring to the drawing more particularly by reference numbers,
number 10 identifies a sealing gasket constructed according to the
present invention. Another modified embodiment of the subject
gasket is identified in FIG. 1 by the number 12. The gaskets 10 and
12 are similar in construction and are used for the same or similar
purposes which is to seal and insulate between adjacent structural
members such as between the adjacent structural members 14 and 16
which are shown connected together at a right angle in FIG. 1. In
FIG. 2, other similar connected structural members 18 and 20 are
connected together in an aligned configuration.
The sealing gasket 10 (FIG. 3) which is for use in places where the
adjacent panel surfaces of the connected members are in alignment,
can be formed in any desired lengths and sizes preferably by an
extrusion process, and is of a suitable, relatively flexible
plastic substance such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). The gasket
10 has a generally T-shaped cross-sectional shape as shown which
includes a rounded cross-portion 22 and an integral stem portion 24
with one or more elongated sidewardly extending wings or tabs 26
extending from one or both opposite side surfaces thereof. Any
desired number of wings or tabs 26 can be provided as required.
During extrusion of the gasket 10 the stem portion 24 is extruded
around a relatively flat stiffener member 28 preferably constructed
of a more rigid and less flexible substance such as Nylon or the
like. The stiffener member 28 can also be of an even harder and
stiffer material such as being constructed of metal although Nylon
or some other relatively stiff plastic is usually preferred. The
member 28 is fed through the stem portion of the extrusion die
opening (not shown) during extrusion of the subject gasket and the
member 28 is preferably constructed of a material such as described
which does not fuse or integrally unit with the surrounding
plastic. This can be accomplished by the proper selection of the
materials and by proper control of the extrusion environment. Also,
in some cases it may even be desirable to coat the member 28 with a
suitable material to prevent adhesion or uniting during extrusion
although this is usually not necessary. In other cases, some
adhesion or fusing may even be desirable, although this is usually
not the case. The important thing is that the member 28 be stiffer,
less resilient and less compressible than the softer more resilient
surrounding material so that it will provide the support necessary
to enable the stem portion 24 to be pressed into or forced into
position even in a relatively narrow slot formed by and between
adjacent panels without unduly distorting or damaging the gasket.
The member 28 should also be wide enough to provide the necessary
stiffness over most of the width of the stem portion 24 and as will
be explained later, the member 28 should preferably also have
coefficients of thermal expansion and contraction that are
substantially less than those for the surrounding EVA material to
prevent the gaskets from working out and coming loose when
subjected to repeated temperature changes.
The modified sealing member or gasket 12 shown in FIG. 4 is similar
in construction to the gasket 10 but differs in shape somewhat
because it is designed for use at an inside right angle corner as
shown in FIG. 1 rather than for use along and between aligned panel
surfaces. The modified gasket 12, like the gasket 10, has a
somewhat modified T-shaped cross-section defined by a concave
rather than a convex cross-portion 30 and an integral stem portion
31 which is shown formed by two connected but angularly related
portions 32 and 34. The stem portion 34 which is the thinner stem
portion, like the stem portion 24 above, has one or more wings or
flanges 36 formed on one or both side surfaces thereof, and the
portion 34 also has a relatively rigid insert 38 positioned therein
at the location shown. The modified embodiment 12 also has a second
wing or flange 40 which is shown extending outwardly from the
opposite side of the stem 34 from the flanges 36 shown at the
location where the portions 32 and 34 meet. The flange 40 therefore
provides engagement and sealing action on the opposite side of the
device from the flanges 36. Except for the differences in the shape
and the somewhat different locations of the flanges 36 and 40 in
the modified structure 12, the modified gasket is similar, performs
similar functions, and is installed in a manner similar to the
sealing member 10. The stiffener 38 also performs the same basic
purposes as the stiffener 28, namely to provide support, backing
and rigidity to facilitate installation of the gaskets by enabling
them to be driven even into relatively narrow spaces without damage
to the gasket and to prevent the device from coming loose and
falling out by providing backing for the surrounding relatively
soft, flimsy material. The stiffeners also, because they are
preferably constructed of materials that have smaller coefficients
of thermal expansion and contraction than the surrounding material,
reduce and minimize movement after installation, which movements
especially movements that cause changes in the length of the
gaskets can be very undesirable.
The particular form of the structural members 14, 16, 18 and 20 as
shown in the drawing are for illustrative purposes only and not
part of the present invention. The structural members or panels are
shown as hollow structures that are filled with an insulating
material 42. Each panel structure includes spaced walls 44 which
are connected along their adjacent side edges by closure members
shown as extruded members 46 which members have surfaces 60 that
are maintained in spaced relation by some means such as shown. The
surfaces 60 with lengthwise extending serrations 62 formed therein,
and the serrations 62 on the two adjacent members 46 are in spaced
opposed relation on adjacent panels to cooperate with the wings or
flanges 26 (or 36) on the gasket 10 (or 12) as clearly shown in the
drawings. When two adjacent panels are installed and connected
together in the manner shown and described, the spaces formed
between the adjacent panel ends are sealed closed by inserting and
pressing or driving the gaskets 10 (or 12) thereinto. This is
accomplished by directing the free edges of stem portions 24 (or
31) into the spaces between the opposed surfaces 60 on the members
46, applying sufficient driving or pushing force against the
cross-portion 22 (or 30) to move the stem portions into fully
seated and sealed positions with the flanges 26 (or 36) engaging
the serrations 62. This may require forcing the gasket into the
spaces slightly further than their final seated positions which is
possible because of the shape of the cross-portions 22 (or 30) so
that the wings will be able to fully seat and thereafter have their
free edges engage a serration 62. If the gaskets 10 and 12 were
constructed entirely of one piece of the relatively flexible EVA
material without having the stiffeners in them, they would be too
flimsy to take much force and it would be difficult, if not
impossible, to apply enough pressure to drive or force them into
fully seated positions and in the process of trying to do so the
material in all likelihood would be damaged. Furthermore, the
deformation that would probably result would complicate the problem
by reducing the insulating properties, and even if it were possible
to install such gaskets, their expansion and contraction
characteristics which would be substantial would result in
substantial changes in their length under changing temperature
conditions and might even enable them to work loose and fall out.
Also, if no stiffeners were provided it would most surely be
necessary to provide wider spaces between the adjacent panels which
would substantially increase the possibilities for movement after
installation and would also reduce the insulating effectiveness of
the subject gaskets. It can be seen therefore that the subject
stiffening means are very important to the structure, installation,
operation and effectiveness of the present gaskets. Furthermore, by
providing the stiffener strips 28 (or 38) the stem portions 24 (or
34) are made relatively more rigid than they would otherwise be
while the surrounding EVA material would be made thinner and weaker
in the area of the stiffeners. This is desirable because it means
greater force can be applied against the sealing strip to force
them into very narrow openings and to fully seat them in the slots
and it also means that the forces of expansion and contraction
operating on the extruded portions of the stem 24 (or 34) that
surround the stiffeners 28 (or 38) are substantially reduced or
neutralized. Also, because the inserts 28 and 38 are preferably
constructed to remain separate from, rather than being integral
with the surrounding plastic some relative movement is possible
therebetween which is usually highly desirable because the
surrounding plastic preferably has the greater coefficient of
expansion and contraction which under changing temperatures can
cause some warpage or change its shape but without being able to
exert enough force particularly lengthwise in the plane of the stem
portions to enable the gaskets to change length. Hence, the
stiffeners permit some relative movement and shifting of the
extruded portions but without permitting the gaskets to come loose
or change their position when installed. In fact, it has been
discovered that the present construction almost completely
eliminates gasket creepage which has been a major problem with
known constructions. It is apparent that the particular forms of
the subject sealing means or gaskets disclosed herein are for
illustrative purposes only and the basic idea is equally applicable
to other shapes as well. The subject gaskets can also be made in
large and small sizes, they can be made in different thicknesses
and lengths, they can have varying numbers of side flanges or
sealing ribs which preferably are relatively easily collapsed into
sealing engagement with the adjacent serrations, the side flanges
can be shaped to have their free edges formed on portions that
extend outwardly at a steeper angle than the rest of them to better
engage the serrations, and the size and shape of the cross and stem
portions of the subject gaskets can be varied considerably
depending upon the shape and angular relationships of the
structural members that are to be sealed together. One of the
important things is that the subject sealing strips are constructed
of two different materials preferably having different stiffness
and hardness characteristics and different coefficients of thermal
expansion and contraction, and which may or may not become integral
or adhesively united during extrusion thereof so as to be movable
relative to each other for the reasons stated. This is particularly
important for applications of the subject gaskets where they may be
subjected to widely varying temperature conditions such as when
used to seal and insulate between panels of refrigeration
containers, vaults and the like.
Thus there has been shown and described novel means for sealing and
insulating between adjacent structual members such as panel
members, which means fulfill all of the objects and advantages
sought therefor. As indicated, however, many changes,
modifications, variations and other uses and applications of the
subject means will become apparent to those skilled in the art
after considering this disclosure and the accompanying drawing. All
such changes, modifications, variations and other uses and
applications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the
present invention are deemed to be covered by the invention which
is limited only by the claims which follow.
* * * * *