U.S. patent number 3,760,306 [Application Number 05/136,841] was granted by the patent office on 1973-09-18 for dielectric support for high frequency coaxial lines.
Invention is credited to Franz Pitschi, Georg Spinner.
United States Patent |
3,760,306 |
Spinner , et al. |
September 18, 1973 |
DIELECTRIC SUPPORT FOR HIGH FREQUENCY COAXIAL LINES
Abstract
A coaxial structure employing a dielectric support positioned
and secured within an outer conductor and having a central opening
for receiving a short conductive member for joining two sections of
coaxially aligned inner conductors whose end faces engage the end
faces of the dielectric support member adjacent a central opening
provided therein for receiving the short conductive member. The
diameter of the short conductive member is less than the diameter
of the central opening in the dielectric support to form a hollow,
annular-shaped air gap for eliminating the occurrence of damaging
peak field strength within the coaxial structure. The side faces of
the dielectric support are each provided with annular-shaped
compensation grooves wherein the axial thickness of the dielectric
support in the region of the compensation grooves is less than the
axial length of the annular gap. The size of the annular gap is
selected to prevent the occurrence of inadmissable peak field
strength.
Inventors: |
Spinner; Georg (Munich,
DT), Pitschi; Franz (Munich, DT) |
Family
ID: |
5769276 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/136,841 |
Filed: |
April 23, 1971 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Apr 24, 1970 [DT] |
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P 20 20 173.4 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
333/245;
174/16.2; 333/33; 174/28; 333/244 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01B
11/186 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01B
11/18 (20060101); H01p 001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;333/97R,33,34,35,96
;174/111,28R,99R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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1,064,586 |
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Sep 1959 |
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DT |
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1,040,631 |
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Oct 1958 |
|
DT |
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27,956 |
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Jun 1956 |
|
DT |
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1,160,520 |
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Jan 1964 |
|
DT |
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1,490,633 |
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Jul 1969 |
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DT |
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776,637 |
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Jun 1957 |
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GB |
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Other References
Neubauer et al., "Higher Modes in Coaxial RF Lines" Microwave Jr.
6-1969 pp. 62 .
Ragan, G.L. "Microwave Transmission Circuits," McGraw Hill, 1948,
pp. 155-170.
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Primary Examiner: Rolinec; Rudolph V.
Assistant Examiner: Punter; Wm. H.
Claims
What we claim is:
1. A coaxial structure comprising a tubular outer conductor;
a disc-shaped dielectric support member having an annular
periphery
the interior surface of said outer conductor having an annular
groove for receiving the periphery of said dielectric support
member;
said dielectric support member having a central opening axially
aligned with the longitudinal axis of said outer conductor;
at least first and second annular shaped inner conductor sections
having their longitudinal axes coaxial with the longitudinal axis
of said outer conductor;
adjacent ends of said inner conductor sections being positioned on
opposite sides of said dielectric support, said inner conductors
having conical shaped transitions joining the end surfaces of said
adjacent ends to the annular surfaces of said inner conductor
sections;
each of said end surfaces engaging an adjacent side of said
dielectric support member;
a third inner conductor member having its longitudinal axis coaxial
with the longitudinal axis of said outer conductor; said third
inner conductor member being positioned within the central opening
in said dielectric member;
the diameter of said central opening being less than the diameter
of said first and second inner conductor sections;
the diameter of said third inner conductor member being less than
the diameter of said central opening whereby the outer surface of
said third inner conductor member lies a spaced distance from the
surface of said central opening to form a hollow annular shaped air
gap;
means for mechanically joining and electrically connecting the ends
of said third inner conductor member to the adjacent end surfaces
of said first and second inner conductor sections;
the faces of said dielectric member each having an annular shaped
compensation groove;
said joining means comprising a supporting collar joined to each
end surface and extending a small distance into said central
opening;
the axial length of said annular air gap being greater than the
axial thickness of the supporting wall of the dielectric support
member in the region of said compensation grooves to provide an
acceptable field strength distribution, the grooves in said
dielectric support member preventing detrimental influences in the
surface of the dielectric support member due to the large air gap
formed by the annular grooves and the air gap between the
dielectric support member and the third inner conductor member
being in series with the dielectric support member to prevent the
occurrence of inadmissible peak field strengths.
Description
The invention relates to a dielectric support for coaxial lines
which is supported on a portion of reduced diameter of the inner
conductor and is provided with end-face grooves for compensation
purposes, the transition to said inner conductor portion from both
sides being via a conical surface and an end ring surface bearing
on the dielectric support at the end face.
The fixing of the dielectric support to the inner conductor
presents considerable difficulties because when air gaps are
present between the conducting surface of the inner conductor
portion and the dielectric support high field intensities arise in
the air spaces present due to the fact that air has a low
dielectric constant compared with the dielectric constant of the
support. Since however it is in practise extremely difficult or
impossible to avoid small air spaces between the inner conductor
portion and the dielectric support, the solution adopted has been
to provide the internal bore of the dielectric support, consisting
for example of ceramic material, with a conductive coating by for
example electroplating methods, said coating conducting the current
over the axial length of the dielectric support. This conductive
coating is led outwardly on both sides to an end ring surface at
which the support engages axially the end ring surface of the
continuing inner conductor.
Admittedly, in this manner air inclusions and the occurrence of
high field intensities therein are avoided. However, it can happen
that under high current load this coating splits. Moreover, the
contacting at the end ring surfaces with the galvanic coating is
extremely difficult to effect.
The problem underlying the invention is to avoid the occurrence of
damaging peak field strengths without conductive coatings of the
dielectric support.
According to the invention this problem is solved in a dielectric
support of the type explained at the beginning in that an annular
air gap is left at least over the axial extent of the supporting
wall of the support between the latter and the inner conductor
portion and the mechanical fitting support is effected at the two
ends of the dielectric disc in the region of the compensation
grooves.
The invention is based on the knowledge that in the outer region
small air inclusions between the supporting parts of the inner
conductor and the dielectric support cannot have a disadvantageous
effect because in this cross-sectional plane due to the
compensation grooves of the support between the outer and inner
conductors there is a long air gap and only relatively short gaps
in the dielectric of the support, i.e., in the outer portion and at
the inner collar. Due to this long air gap even small air
inclusions in this region cannot produce high peak field
intensities. In the region of the supporting wall of the support an
air gap is deliberately provided and has such a length that the
field intensities cannot assume inadmissibly high values. Between
the supporting portions and the air gap calculable transitions may
be provided, but it suffices for practical conditions to provide a
stepped transition. The latter may be provided both in the
dielectric support and in the inner conductor portion. For
practical reasons the latter alternative is chosen and the inner
conductor portion is provided within the axial length of the
support with two supporting collars on both sides and a portion of
further reduced diameter therebetween. For safety reasons it is
advisable for the annular air gap to extend over a greater axial
length than the supporting wall of the support.
An example of embodiment of the invention will be described
hereinafter with reference to the drawing. The single FIGURE of the
drawing shows a section of a support constructed according to the
invention and inserted in a coaxial conductor.
Inserted between the outer conductor 10 and inner conductor 12 is a
dielectric support 13. The latter lies in a groove 14 of the outer
conductor 10 and is supported on a reduced-diameter portion of the
inner conductor. In the region between the inner and outer
conductors the dielectric support comprises for compensation
purposes on both sides grooves 15 between which the supporting wall
16 is left with an axial length 1. The inner conductor 12 merges
via a conical surface 18 into an end ring surface 19 which bears
against the dielectric support at the end face and then into a
collar 22 whose diameter is matched as accurately as possible to
the internal diameter of the inner bore 20 of the dielectric
support. In the intermediate portion 24 the inner conductor is
further reduced in diameter, resulting in an annular air gap 26
between the inner conductor and the dielectric support.
The axial length of the supporting collars 22 is less than the
axial depth of the grooves 15, i.e., the axial length of the
annular gap 26 is greater than the axial thickness 1 of the
supporting wall 16. This construction results in an acceptable
field strength distribution in every cross-sectional plane; any air
gaps present in the outer portions do not have a detrimental
influence due to the large air gap (small dielectric constant)
formed by the grooves 15. In the centre planes, i.e., the
cross-sectional planes passing through the wall 16, an air gap is
connected in series with the dielectric of the dielectric support,
said gap having radial dimensions large eough to prevent the
occurrence of inadmissible peak field strengths.
* * * * *