U.S. patent number 3,760,179 [Application Number 05/274,469] was granted by the patent office on 1973-09-18 for indirectly lighted panels for walls and ceilings.
Invention is credited to Conley R. Addington, Jr..
United States Patent |
3,760,179 |
Addington, Jr. |
September 18, 1973 |
INDIRECTLY LIGHTED PANELS FOR WALLS AND CEILINGS
Abstract
A lighting system for walls and ceilings wherein a plurality of
transparent plastic panels of uniform thickness are positioned in
adjacent edge spaced relation to a wall or ceiling surface, with
each panel having secured to the outer surface thereof a compacted
plurality of fiberglass pile or nap of uniform length secured
substantially normal to the outer surface of the panel for
uniformly transmitting artificial light positioned between the
inner surface of the said panels and the adjacent wall or ceiling
through said panels and from the ends of fiberglass pile.
Inventors: |
Addington, Jr.; Conley R.
(Philadelphia, PA) |
Family
ID: |
23048327 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/274,469 |
Filed: |
July 24, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
362/576; 52/306;
359/454; 428/96; 428/97 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F21V
3/04 (20130101); Y10T 428/23993 (20150401); Y10T
428/23986 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
F21V
3/00 (20060101); F21V 3/04 (20060101); F21v
005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;240/1EL,106
;350/126,127 ;161/62,67,88 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Peters, Jr.; Joseph F.
Claims
Having described my invention, I claim:
1. The process of producing a transparent panel having a
substantially uniform nap of light conducting fibers secured in
substantially normal position with respect to the outer surface of
said panel comprising a first step of coating the outer surface of
said panel with a transparent self curing adhesive of uniform
thickness,
a second step of cutting predetermined lengths of fiberglass into
short elements of substantially uniform length,
a third step of transferring by electrostatic means a quantity of
said fiberglass elements onto said adhesive coated surface of said
panel by bonding one end of each said element by said adhesive onto
said panel with each element substantially normal to said surface
of said panel and in close proximity with adjacent elements for
forming a nap on said panel when said adhesive is cured.
2. A light conducting panel of substantially uniform thickness for
diffusing light from an electric lamp when the latter is energized,
said light conducting panel comprising:
a transparent panel of rigid material and predetermined
substantially uniform thickness having front and rear surfaces,
a coating of transparent adhesive on the front surface of said
panel,
a large plurality of light conducting fiberglass elements of
substantially uniform length with one end of each thereof secured
by said adhesive in a position normal to the said front surface of
said panel and in close substantially parallel relation to each
other forming a light conducting pile over the entire area of each
said panel whereby electric illumination positioned in proximity
with the rear said surface of said panel will be substantially
uniformly dispersed from said pile over the entire front surface of
said panel.
3. The construction recited in claim 2 wherein the outer surface of
each of said fiberglass elements is colored with an adherent thin
coating of predetermined color for applying a color characteristic
to the light emission of said panel when the rear surface thereof
is illuminated by an electric lamp.
4. The construction recited in claim 2 wherein the said adhesive is
a self curing adherent epoxy cement.
5. The construction recited in claim 2 wherein the said panel is
formed of acrylic plastic material.
6. The construction recited in claim 2 wherein the panel is formed
of transparent glass.
Description
This invention relates in general to indirect lighting apparatus
and more particularly to the use of transparent panels having a
pile or nap of fiberglass on the outer side thereof with
conventional lighting means positioned between the rear of the
panels and the walls or ceiling.
Prior indirect lighting effects were spotty and generally
ineffective for the transmission of light, as well as the
appearance of the light sources with respect to the decor of the
room.
The present invention provides a light transmission system whereby
the light from indirect sources is transmitted from an entire wall
or ceiling with little if any variation, since the panels have a
pile or nap of fiberglass which minimizes the visibility of the
edge junctions of the panels.
The invention also comprehends the use of relatively indiscernable
slots or openings, permitting air conditioning and ventilation, as
well as sound transmission from loud speakers without disrupting
the decor of a room.
A principal object of the invention is the provision of transparent
panels having a pile or nap of fiberglass on the outer surface
thereof for uniformly transmitting light from sources positioned
between the rear of the panel or wall or ceiling.
Another object of the invention is the provision of a transparent
panel on which fiberglass light conducting elements of
predetermined length are secured to one surface thereof by adhesive
means and positioned adjacent each other.
A further object of the invention is the provision of an electric
process for positioning fiberglass elements of like length onto an
adhesive coated surface of a transparent panel with the elements in
close proximity to each other.
These and other objects and advantages in one embodiment of the
invention are described and shown in the following specification
and drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective reduced scale illustration of the light
transmission panel.
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary enlarged cross sectional view taken through
section line 2--2, FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged cross sectional view of the panel
illustrating the fiberglass elements bonded to one surface
thereof.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary cross sectional illustration of a planar
panel shown in FIG. 1 in reduced scale, illuminated by a tubular
source positioned at the rear thereof.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary cross sectional illustration of a
multi-side formation of panels illuminated by a tubular light
source. FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic illustration of electrostatic
means for attaching the fiberglass elements into normal adjacent
positions on the outer surface of a transparent plastic panel.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the light
conducting elements shown in FIG. 3 with a portion thereof broken
away.
FIG. 8 is an illustration of the positioning of the light
conducting elements shown in FIG. 7, as secured to a panel by the
means Shown in FIG. 6.
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary perspective greatly enlarged view of the
panel illustrating the deposit of the light conducting
elements.
FIG. 10 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary cross sectional view of
the panel, taken through section line 10--10, FIG. 8.
Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, a transparent plastic panel 1 of
uniform thickness and acrylic material, such as Plexiglass or
Lucite, has a large plurality of light transmitting elements 2
positioned and secured normal on one side of the panel 1 in
adjacent relation, which are made up of single elements 3 which are
secured to the surface of panel 1 by an adhesive 4.
The light transmitting elements are fiberglass thread or fiber cut
to uniform length which ultimately forms the light transmitting nap
or pile bonded normal to the surface of panel 1 by one end thereof,
as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
It will become apparent that ordinary glass may be readily
substituted for the plastic panels above described.
FIG. 4 illustrates a typical application of the light transmitting
elements 2 with a tubular lamp 5, such as a Lumiline lamp.
Referring to FIG. 7, a preferred form of transmission panel
including elements 3 has a color coating 6 on the cylindrical
surface thereof, and the major white light is transmitted only
through the exposed end of each of the elements 3, whereas a side
view of the panel will show a color light effect depending upon the
thickness of the coating 6 and its particular color. The light
transmission from the pile with no color coating thereon is still
effective with some added diffusion.
It is now apparent that with proper illumination behind each panel,
they will uniformly transmit light into the bonded ends of each
pile element, which will result in the longitudinal transmission of
the light through each element for the outward transmission from
the end of each element. Hence the panel produces a soft
non-glaring but relatively uniform illumination of the wall or
ceiling where used.
The manufacture of the elements first requires the color coating to
the outer surface thereof, which may be a simple dipping or
spraying process with a sufficiently uniform color coating of a few
molecules in thickness. The fiber is then cut to a desirable length
for application to the transparent panel.
Referring to FIG. 6, a source of electric energy 7 is connected to
a polarized high voltage generator 8, which has a positive polarity
output terminal 9 connected to a planar plate 10. A matching
negative planar plate 11 is positioned in spaced relation under the
plate 10 for receiving the panel 1 on its upper surface, as shown.
The upper surface of the panel is then coated with a uniform layer
of adhesive, such as a clear epoxy and then a quantity of elements,
such as shown in FIG. 7, is dispersed on plate 10 which is aligned
with plate 11, as illustrated in FIG. 8. Since the body of each
pile element is negatively charged, they will align normal to the
surface of panel 1 and be secured in miniscule spaced relation
before the adhesive sets.
It is apparent that appropriate slots or other openings may be
inconspicuously made in any selected panel for ventilation or air
conditioning purposes or sound transmission from loud speakers
without seriously disturbing the decor of the room.
The fundamentals of the process of producing the fiberglass pile on
transparent sheet plastic begins with the application of color or
dye on the fiberglass before it is cut to the desired length. When
the fiberglass is cut to equal length to form the light
transmission elements described, it is first uniformly distributed
onto a planar positive transfer plate which is electrically charged
by high voltage, preferably of positive polarity, which with some
agitation will cause the fiberglass elements to project normal to
the surface of the plate in close parallel relation because of
their like electric charge.
A further step involves a thin adhesive coating, such as clear
transparent epoxy, on the entire outer surface of the transparent
panel. The panel is then placed on a planar plate which is in
spaced mating relation with the transfer plate, and then the latter
is lowered into close proximity with the transparent panel, which
will induce the fiberglass pile elements to transfer to the epoxy
coated panel because of the attraction of unlike electric charges.
Thus the pile is formed on the surface of the transparent panel,
which will permanently anchor thereon as the adhesive is cured.
It is obvious that the above outlined process is applicable to
production procedures, such as the provision of the automatic
sequentially operating equipment for accommodating the quantity
manufacture of the panels.
It is to be understood that certain modifications in construction
is intended to come within the teachings and scope of the above
specification .
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