U.S. patent number 3,759,274 [Application Number 05/340,597] was granted by the patent office on 1973-09-18 for dental instrument.
Invention is credited to C. Edward Warner.
United States Patent |
3,759,274 |
Warner |
September 18, 1973 |
DENTAL INSTRUMENT
Abstract
The device uses a strand of dental floss for removing particles
entrapped between teeth or around the bases of teeth. The strand of
dental floss is mounted on an extended fork used for supporting the
strand and to allow oscillating movement when used in a cleaning
operation. A drive means is included for imparting the oscillating
movement to the strand. There is also included a device cooperating
with the spool for carrying the strand and supporting the strand
for registering a new, unused strand of dental floss for operation
subsequent to each cleaning cycle.
Inventors: |
Warner; C. Edward (Charlotte,
NC) |
Family
ID: |
23334093 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/340,597 |
Filed: |
March 12, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
132/322;
132/325 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61C
15/047 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61C
15/04 (20060101); A61C 15/00 (20060101); A61c
015/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;132/92R,91,93
;32/4R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Peshock; Robert
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An instrument for cleaning between teeth comprising a holder, a
guide means mounted on and extending from said holder, a spool
rotatively mounted on said holder, a strand of dental floss mounted
on said spool and aligned through said guide means, a drive means
operatively coupled to said spool for providing a reciprocating
movement to said strand in said guide means, and means operably
connected to said spool for rotating it and registering a different
length of said strand in said guide means subsequent to each
cleaning operation.
2. The combination as set forth in claim 1 wherein said guide means
comprises a fork fixed to said holder, said strand mounted through
a pair of guide eyes at opposed ends of said fork.
3. The combination as set forth in claim 1 wherein said means for
providing a reciprocating movement of said strand comprises a ring
gear and an electrically powered motive means operably connected to
said ring gear for rotating it.
4. The combination as set forth in claim 3 wherein a drive sector
is mounted on the inner periphery of said ring gear for providing a
drive motion to said spool through an intermediate gear train.
5. The combination as set forth in claim 4 wherein said drive
sector includes a plurality of teeth extending over an arcuate
distance of less than 180.degree. of said ring gear and wherein a
pair of pinion gears are separately engageable with said toothed
sector of said ring gear to provide said reciprocating drive.
6. The combination as set forth in claim 4 wherein said sector
comprises a V-drive portion of said ring gear.
7. The combination as set forth in claim 5 wherein said
intermediate gear train comprises a pair of pinion gears and a pair
of idler gears, said idler gears mutually meshed and coupled to
said spool, each of said idler gears cooperable with a different
one of said pinion gears for providing a different direction
rotation of said spool.
8. The combination as set forth in claim 1 wherein said registering
means comprises a manipulatively adjustable knob connected to and
extending outwardly from said spool and said holder.
9. The combination as set forth in claim 8 wherein said motive
means includes an electrical motor and a DC power source mounted in
said holder.
10. The combination as set forth in claim 9 wherein said motive
means includes an electrical motor and an externally connected AC
power source.
11. An instrument for cleaning teeth including a holder, a fork
portion fixed to said holder and linearly offset relative to said
holder, a strand of dental cleaning material slidably mounted
between the opposed ends of said fork portion, a spool for mounting
said strand fixed to said holder, a drive means for providing a
limited reciprocating movement of said strand while in contact with
the teeth during the cleaning operation of said instrument, and
means further operably connected to said spool for providing an
incremental movement thereof to fix a different length of said
strand in operative position relative to said fork portion.
12. The combination as set forth in claim 11 wherein said fork
portion includes a pair of opposed relatively flexible arms, each
having a loop portion at its free end.
13. The combination as set forth in claim 11 wherein said holder
comprises two separable portions, one including said drive means
and the other including said fork portion and said associated spool
and strand.
14. The combination as set forth in claim 11 wherein said strand is
connected to said spool in an endless loop to provide a feed in one
direction and a corresponding take-up in the other direction.
15. The combination as set forth in claim 11 wherein said spool is
driven by said drive means and said spool includes an intermediate
connecting portion capable of ready removal from driven engagement
with said drive means to allow replacement of said spool.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A problem exists with respect to cleaning between teeth to remove
entrapped food particles or to remove prior accumulated tartar
deposits which tend to grow between teeth with deleterious effect
to the structure of the teeth and to the gums. It is well known
that dental floss is an appropriate cleaning agent when used
manually and moved forwardly and rearwardly between the teeth in an
oscillating cleaning motion. A difficulty arises in supporting one
end of the dental floss strand within the mouth by the user's thumb
or finger.
The present invention provides a dental instrument which is so
shaped with respect to the strand of dental floss and the holder or
handle that the cleaning operation may be accomplished without the
necessity for inserting within the mouth the thumb or fingers of
the user. The instrument makes possible the cleaning of the teeth
between the molars at the extremities of the mouth and in
relatively inaccessible positions where the floss could not
otherwise be manually positioned.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention includes a motorized dental cleaning
instrument in which a fixed or variable speed oscillating motion is
provided for the dental floss which is used for between- teeth
cleaning. Additional features included in the invention are the
spool mounting arrangement for the strand and the manner in which
the spool is incrementally registered after each cleaning operation
to present a new length of strand of dental floss for use in the
next cleaning operation. One embodiment of my invention provides
for a removable handle, guide and spool which may be detached from
the drive device.
The present invention will further be seen to have an offset planar
relationship to the holder which facilitates placement of the
strand into its cleaning position without undue difficulty in
positioning it into the necessary cleaning position in the mouth.
The extended fork structure supporting the dental floss is
deflectible to allow the user to selectively adjust the pressure
being exerted against the teeth.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will be described in the accompanying
specification and in the drawings in which like elements will be
identified by like numerals where they appear in different figures
of the drawings, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the dental instrument;
FIG. 2 is a partial sectional side elevational view of the dental
instrument, with its cover shown in phantom outline pivoted toward
an open position;
FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the dental instrument, again
partially in section to illustrate the construction of the case and
the forked guide for the dental floss strand;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an upper portion of the instrument
with parts broken away illustrating one of the fork portions and
its connection to the instrument handle;
FIG. 5 is a transverse sectional view taken along the section line
5--5 of FIG. 2 showing the drive means and gear train used to
provide the required oscillating motion of the strand of dental
floss;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the device as shown in FIG. 5
taken along the section line 6--6 illustrating the manner in which
the gear train is used to provide the oscillatory motion above
referred to;
FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 are schematic views of the gear train utilized to
provide the oscillatory drive to the strand of dental floss, which
views show the parts in the intermediate and in the two different
operating positions;
FIG. 10 is a partial sectional view taken along the section line
10--10 of FIG. 3 and illustrating a further structural detail of
the dental instrument;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the combined handle, guide
and spool removed from the drive portion of the instrument;
FIG. 12 is a fragmentary view to enlarged scale showing a part of
the fastening arrangement for the spool; and
FIGS. 13 and 14 are schematic views showing the instrument as it is
positioned in use.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
With reference to FIG. 1, there is a general showing of the dental
cleaning instrument which includes a holder 12 and a fork portion
14, which includes a pair of opposed arms 16 and 18. The fork
portion 14 is annularly offset and in an inclined plane relative to
the axis of the holder 12 in the manner shown. Included in the arms
16 and 18 are a pair of loops or guide eyes 20 and 22,
respectively, formed at the arm ends. The eyes 20 and 22 are formed
in loops of 360.degree.or more to permit ready entry and passage of
a strand 24. The strand 24 of dental floss material is shown in the
manner in which is is mounted, passing through the guide eyes 20
and 22. During the cleaning operation, the strand 24 is oscillated
backwardly and forwardly in the manner shown by the arrows and for
a length substantially equal to or greater than the distance
between the guide eyes 20 and 22. In this manner, once the strand
24 of dental floss has been prepositioned between two adjacent
teeth or about the base of a single tooth, the cleaning operation
can be accomplished.
The dental instrument is powered by a motive means which is
preferably electrically operated. The preferred embodiment of the
invention is illustrated with respect to a battery powered or DC
operated device, but it will be appreciated that it may be
similarly powered by an alternating current potential with cord and
plug arrangement. For best results, a speed control knob 26 is
included with spaced OFF, SLOW and FAST positions provided to
control the motive means operation.
Also shown in the FIG. 1 drawing is the apparatus which is used at
the end of each cleaning operation to reposition a new strand 24 of
dental floss between the eyes 20 and 22 in preparation for the next
cleaning operation. This apparatus includes a hub 28 and an
extending knob 30 which are associated with the spool 34 on which
the strand 24 is wound in a manner that will be further explained
and clarified, particularly in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3
hereinafter.
The FIG. 2 drawing shows the manner in which the case 32 of the
holder 12 may be pivotally positioned from a locking or closed
position to an open position to allow for the replacement of a new
spool of dental floss. The spool is identified by the numeral 34
and is shown in its position as it is mounted within the holder 12.
A plurality of hold-down fingers 35 are included to hold the spool
34 against several springs 37. A pivotal mounting for the case 32
is shown about a hinge pin 36. The spool 34 is shown with the
strand of dental floss 24 wound about it on two separate spaced
spool portions 34a and 34b in such manner that, according to the
rotation of the knob 30 counterclockwise in the direction of the
arrow, the spool may be rotated and registered an incremental
amount to provide for the positioning of a new length of strand 24
as indicated above. It will be seen that the spool 34 has a central
recessed and tapered toothed portion 38 in mesh with a like tapered
drive gear 40 to which is imparted an oscillating drive movement
during the cleaning operation. To provide for this oscillating
drive movement, a pinion gear 42 is mounted at the left hand end of
a connecting shaft 44. The basic motive means and the power for the
gear train, next to be described, is provided by an electrically
powered motor 46 to which is connected a pair of batteries 48
through leads 50 in a manner well known in the art. The
intermediate gear train includes a drive pinion 52 extending from
the driveshaft of the motor 46. Rotative drive is thus communicated
from the pinion 52 to a ring gear 54 through its toothed periphery
having its teeth 56 in driven engagement with the teeth of the
pinion 52. The ring gear 54 is continuously rotated during the
operation of the motor 46. Also included in the intermediate drive
gear train are a pair of pinion gears 58 and 60, which are
appropriately journaled for rotation between opposed internal
surfaces of the casing of the holder 12 as indicated. The second
pair of pinion gears 42 and 64 are of the idler gear type and are
shown in mesh respectively with the teeth of the gears 58 and 60.
The arrangement of the drive gear train just identified will be
more completely shown in connection with FIGS. 5-9 hereinafter.
FIG. 2 further shows the manner in which the strand 24 is passed
along the fork arm 16 and at the upper open end of the arm 16
through the associated eye 20 to align it in the laterally oriented
oscillatory path already shown in FIG. 1.
FIGS. 3 and 4 clarify the mode of construction of the holder 12
with respect to the fork arms 16, 18 and the side portion 17, and
further serve to clarify the manner in which the two batteries 48
are positioned and held in place between the opposed sides of the
base or holder 12. The speed of rotation of the motor 46 may be
constant or may be controllable in a manner well known in the
electrical art, preferably through a variable resistance whose
value is controlled by the setting of the control knob 26. The fork
arms 16 and 18 are mounted on the holder 12 on a pair of upstanding
ends 21 and 23. The arms 16 and 18 are of a deflectible spring wire
to allow for adjustment of tensions as will be shown in FIGS. 13
and 14 hereinafter. The pivotal mounting pin 36 is shown about
which the cover 32 for the instrument may be pivoted between an
open and a closed position. Also shown is the relationship within
the instrument of the spool 34, of the hub 28 forming an integral
part of the spool 34, and of the thumb knob 30 used to register
successively different lengths of the strand 24 in position between
the form arms 16 and 18 for each different cleaning operation. The
detail of the spool 34 used for mounting the dental floss is also
shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 illustrates the construction of one of the elongated fork
arms 16 and the manner in which it is anchored in the upwardly
extending end 21 of the holder 12.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken from the drawing of FIG. 2 better
to illustrate the construction of the intermediate gear train and
the ring gear 54, which are used to impart the oscillatory drive to
the dental floss strand 24. The ring gear 54 is continuously
driven, for example, in a clockwise manner through the motor 46 and
the drive gear 52 in engagement with the ring gear tooth portion
56. It will be noted that there is included on the internal surface
of the ring gear 54 a drive portion or tooth gear sector 66, which
sector extends over somewhat less than 180.degree. of the internal
ring gear circumference. While the present invention shows the ring
gear 54 as including a toothed gear sector, the drive may likewise
be provided through a V-drive arrangement formed on the inner
sector. This alternate embodiment of a V-drive sector is shown in
connection with FIGS. 7-9.
FIG. 5 also shows the manner in which the intermediate gear train
mechanism is mounted in the holder 12 and retained in place by a
cover plate 68 and a plurality of threaded fasteners 70.
The FIG. 6 drawing additionally clarifies the manner in which the
parts of the intermediate gear train are retained in place between
the cover plate 68 and the base of the holder 12. The gear 42,
which is used to impart the oscillatory drive through shaft 44 to
the spool 34, has its lower, reduced diameter shaft portion
retained rotatably in place in a mating circular opening 72 formed
in the base of the holder 12. The ring gear 54 is supported for
rotation in a matching circular cut-out journal portion 74
pre-formed in the base part of the holder 12. Also clarified is the
manner in which a plurality of extending fingers 76 are depressible
into holding engagement with the upper surface of the ring gear 54
to retain it in place in a rotative manner in the circular cut-out
portion 74.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 which are schematic
drawings illustrating the several different positions of the parts
of the gear train and the resultant different directions of
rotation. This rotation provides the oscillatory motion through the
gear 42, which gear extends upwardly through the associated
connecting shaft 44, which in turn is connected to the tapered end
40 as best shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 7 shows the relative position of the parts as the internal
sector V-drive 66a is moved into engagement with the teeth of the
pinion 60 to rotate it in a clockwise direction. The teeth of the
gear 60 are in mesh with those of the idler gear 64 to drive the
gear 64 in a counterclockwise direction and thus to rotate the gear
42, which is connected as explained hereinbefore to the hub of the
spool 34. Accordingly, in the position illustrated in FIG. 7, the
gear 42 and the associated spool 34 are rotated in a clockwise
direction.
FIG. 8 illustrates the intermediate or inactive condition in which
the sector 66a is away from engagement with both the gears 58 and
60 at the time before the direction of rotation of the gear 42 is
changed and the rotation of the spool 34 is reversed.
The final operating position in which the spool 34 is rotated in a
counterclockwise direction is shown in FIG. 9. The internal sector
66a is in driving engagement with the pinon 58 to rotate it in a
clockwise direction, thus driving the gear 42 in a counterclockwise
direction to provide the reverse turning of the gear 42 and of the
spool 34. Therefore, it will be seen that the ring gear 54 is
rotated continuously in a clockwise direction and, in accordance
with the successive engagement of the sector 66a with the teeth of
either gear 60 or 58, the spool 34 is rotated either clockwise or
counterclockwise to provide the required oscillatory movement of
the spool 34 and of the strand 24 of dental floss backwardly and
forwardly through the eyes 20 and 22 at the fork end 14 of the
instrument.
FIG. 10 illustrates a detail of construction of the side wall of
the arm 16 including an internal guide member 76 which is used to
guide the dental floss strand 24 in its upward movement away from
the spool 34.
FIGS. 11 and 12 show a combined cover, spool and guide unit removed
from connection with the motor drive means for the spool 34. It
will be understood that a cleaning instrument can be used by
several different individuals. The removable personalized portion
is easily detachable and replaceable in operating position in the
instrument.
FIGS. 13 and 14 finally show the instrument as the strand 24 is
inserted between two adjacent teeth 100 and the instrument is moved
first in one direction and then in the other. The arms 16 and 18
are readily deflectible to follow the periphery of the teeth 100
and adjust the tensions being applied.
It will be seen that by the present invention I have provided a
novel and improved device for cleaning between teeth, which device
has the capability of use in all portions of the mouth.
* * * * *