U.S. patent number 3,757,629 [Application Number 05/141,746] was granted by the patent office on 1973-09-11 for resilient plastic staple.
Invention is credited to Robert J. Schneider.
United States Patent |
3,757,629 |
Schneider |
September 11, 1973 |
RESILIENT PLASTIC STAPLE
Abstract
A fastener or staple is formed of a resilient plastic material
which has an elastic memory. The staple has legs, a crown
integrally joining the legs, and retaining means such as barbs on
the legs. The staple is formed so that normally the legs of the
staple are non-parallel. The staple legs are displaced while being
driven into the material to be stapled so that the legs are
parallel, and after being driven into the material the legs return
or tend to return to their normal non-parallel position due to the
elastic memory of the plastic from which the staple is made. Thus
the barbs or other retaining means are biased by the legs, which
tend to return to their non-parallel position, into engagement with
the material being stapled to retain the staple.
Inventors: |
Schneider; Robert J. (Glen
Ellyn, IL) |
Family
ID: |
22497039 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/141,746 |
Filed: |
May 10, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
411/443; 227/83;
411/456; 411/461; 411/920 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16B
15/0015 (20130101); Y10S 411/92 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F16B
15/00 (20060101); F16b 015/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;85/49,13,31,23,26 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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|
|
|
|
|
|
210,859 |
|
Jul 1960 |
|
OE |
|
916,048 |
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Jan 1963 |
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GB |
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449,332 |
|
Apr 1968 |
|
CH |
|
Primary Examiner: Parsons, Jr.; Marion
Claims
I claim:
1. A staple formed from a resilient plastic material having an
elastic memory and adapted to be driven by a stapling gun or the
like for use in fastening relatively soft work material such as
cellular or foam plastic, corrugated cardboard, and the like, said
staple comprising:
a pair of preformed, substantially straight, and normally
non-parallel leg portions; and
a preformed crown portion integrally connecting said leg portions
so that said leg portions are each normally inclined from parallel
position at an angle of up to about 25.degree.;
each of said leg portions having a preformed reversely extending
barb projecting angularly in substantially rigid relation from the
free end of the leg portion and defining a sharp point at said free
end for penetrating the work material during driving of the staple,
said barb being adapted to form a clearance between the leg portion
and the surrounding work material as the leg portion penetrates the
work material;
each of said barbs being integrally joined with its leg portion
solely at the outermost surface of the leg portion; and
said leg portions being deflectable momentarily to substantially
parallel relation before and during penetration of the staple into
the work material and thereafter returning toward their normal
non-parallel position, by reason of said elastic memory, and
thereby embedding said barbs in the work material, the return of
said leg portions toward their non-parallel position being
facilitated by the clearances formed by said barbs during
penetration of the leg portions into the work material.
2. The staple of claim 1 further characterized in that said crown
portion is normally curved or bowed and is adapted to be flexed
toward a straight position during driving of the staple, thereby
enhancing the resilient force urging said leg portions to their
normal non-parallel position.
3. The staple of claim 1 further characterized in that said barbs
lie generally in the plane of the staple formed by said leg
portions and said crown portion.
4. The staple of claim 1 further characterized in that each of said
leg portions has a pair of oppositely projecting barbs lying
generally in the plane of the respective leg portion.
5. The staple of claim 1 further characterized in that said leg
portions in their normal non-parallel position are inclined
outwardly away from each other.
6. The staple of claim 1 further characterized in that said leg
portions in their normal non-parallel position are inclined
inwardly toward each other.
7. The staple of claim 1 further characterized in that a plurality
of said staples are provided in the form of a strip or stick
adapted to be inserted in a staple-driving tool.
8. The staple of claim 1 further characterized in that each of said
leg portions has at least one additional preformed barb projecting
angularly in substantially rigid relation from the leg portion and
spaced from the first-mentioned barb, said additional barb also
being integrally joined with the leg portion solely at the
outermost surface of the leg portion without diminishing the
effective cross-sectional area of the leg portion.
Description
This invention relates to fasteners and more particularly, to
plastic staples.
Heretofore, fasteners or staples have been formed from metal wire
or strip in the form of a U and are driven into the material to be
stapled. The staple is usually clinched or secured in place by
driving the ends of the staple against an anvil which forces the
ends of the staple either apart or toward each other. In some
locations, especially in the packaging industry, it is not always
possible to use an anvil to clinch the staple. To meet these needs,
metal staples have been suggested which have resilient ends or
barbs which will deflect from a normal position while being driven
and, after being driven in, will tend to return to their normal
position to retain the staple and material together. The holding
power provided by such staples is limited because the barbs can be
displaced only a limited amount. Also, the barbs remain essentially
in the same holes formed in the material when the staple legs are
driven into the material. Moreover, for certain applications it
would be advantageous to use non-metallic staples, such as staples
formed from plastic. Yet, the staples must be secured simply by
driving them in from one side without the use of an anvil.
In accordance with the present invention, the staples are formed
from a resilient plastic material which tends to return to its
normal position after being displaced therefrom and is said to have
an "elastic memory." The staple comprises leg portions joined by a
crown portion in such manner that the legs in their normal position
are non-parallel. The legs have retaining means or barbs. The legs
are held parallel during the driving or installation of the staple,
but after the staple has been driven in, the legs of the staple
tend to return to their normal or non-parallel position so that the
barbs dig into the material into which the staple is driven, thus
holding the staple in place. Since the entire leg is displaced,
instead of just the barb thereof, the holding power of the staple
is greatly increased.
Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to
provide a novel and improved fastener formed of a resilient,
plastic material having an "elastic memory."
Another object of the invention is to provide a staple which can be
driven into engaged or retained position from one side without the
use of an anvil.
Still anther object of the invention is to provide an inexpensive
non-metallic fastener with good holding strength.
These and other objects of the present invention will become more
apparent from the following description and accompanying figures of
the drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a staple gun with which the staples
of the present invention may be used;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of a row of staples
comprising one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view showing the driving of
the staple of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view showing the completed
installation of the staple of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a front elevational view of a staple comprising a second
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front elevational view of a staple comprising a third
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view showing the driving of
the staple of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view showing the completed
installation of the staple of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a row of staples comprising a
fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of a staple comprising a fifth
embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of a staple comprising a sixth
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 illustrates a hand fastener or stapling gun 20 with which
fasteners or staples of the present invention may be used, it being
understood that other types of fastening tools may also be used.
The stapling gun 20 has a magazine 22 which may be loaded with
fasteners or staples and a driving head 24 which is activated by
squeezing a trigger or lever 26 to drive the staple into the
material, such as a corrugated cardboard or foam plastic container
28, to be secured or fastened with staples indicated at 30.
As is shown in FIG. 2, one embodiment of the staple 30 comprises a
pair of elongated leg portions 32 integrally joined at their ends
by a crown portion 34. In this embodiment, the legs 32 angle
outwardly so that the legs 32 are divergent or non-parallel when
the staple 30 is in its normal position. Each leg 32 has retaining
means which in this instance comprises a reversely extending
pointed barb 36 defining a sharp point 35 at the free end of the
leg 32. Each barb 36 extends outwardly at an angle from its leg 32,
and the barbs lie generally in the plane of the staple formed by
the legs 32 and the crown 34. While only one portion of the staple,
such as the legs or the crown, need be formed of resilient
material, preferably the entire staple 30 is formed of a resilient
plastic material which has an elastic memory.
A row or stick 38 of staples 30 may be formed by conventional
plastic injection molding techniques to the desired length and
shape. The row 38 and staples 30 may be made of such synthetic
plastic materials as nylon or polypropylene which have an elastic
memory. Since the staples 30 are formed by injection molding, there
is no need for adhesive to hold the individual staples 30 together.
Instead, weakened or thin sections are formed between adjacent
staples 30, as at 40 in FIG. 2. The staples 30 then break off one
at a time when struck by the driver blade 42 (FIG. 3) of the staple
gun 20.
As is best seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, a row 38 of staples 30 is loaded
in the magazine 22 having parallel side guide walls 44, the upper
portions 46 thereof preferably being tapered outwardly to
acommodate the divergent legs 32 of the staples 30. As is shown in
dashed lines in FIG. 3, the driver blade 42 of the staple gun 20
strikes the end staple 30 of the row 38 moving it through the guide
walls 44 to the position shown in the dashed-dot lines, with the
legs 32 having been cammed generally parallel to each other by the
wall portions 46. The staple 30 then is driven completely through
the guide walls 44 into the material to be fastened, such as the
cardboard 28 and the underlying plastic foam or cellular material
48. While in the lower portion of the guide walls 44, the staple 30
is in a position with its legs 32 parallel, in this instance
vertical, and after being completely driven from the guide walls 44
into the materials 28 and 48, the legs 32 again move outwardly
be-cause of the elastic memory of the staple to substantially their
normal or non-parallel position. The tendency for the legs 32 to
return to their non-parallel position causes the barbs 36 of the
legs 32 to firmly grip the material 48, and the barbs are embedded
in the material to prevent removal of the staple 30 as in FIG. 4.
As the legs 32 penetrate the material 48, the relatively rigid
barbs 36 form holes or clearances between the legs 32 and the
surrounding material 48, and these clearances facilitate the return
of the legs 32 toward their non-parallel position. As will be
evident, the staples of the present invention are particularly
suited for use on soft materials, such as corrugated cardboard,
cellular or foam plastic packaging materials, fibrous or pulp
building, insulating and construction materials, and rubber or
gum-like materials. In harder materials such as soft wood, the legs
32 of the staple 30 may not fully return to their normal position
but will spread sufficiently for the barbs 36 to grip the material
and retain the staple.
The angle at which each leg of the staple diverges from a parallel
position may vary and depends upon the intended application of the
staple. Staples which are driven completely through thin material
should have a greater angle of divergence than staples which are
embedded in thicker material, such as is shown in FIG. 4. A
suitable range for the angle of divergence of the legs from
parallel position will vary from as little as about 1.degree. to as
much as about 25.degree., dependent upon the plastic material
selected and the length of the legs.
In FIG. 5 a modified fastener or staple 50 is shown comprising a
pair of legs 52 and a crown 54 joining the legs. Here the crown 54
is formed with a curve or bow therein so as to cause the legs 52 to
angle outwardly into a non-parallel normal position. Each of the
legs has a plurality of barbs, in this instance two barbs 56, for
increased gripping or holding power. During driving of the staple
50, the curved crown 54 tends to be flexed toward a straight
position, thereby enhancing the resilient force tending to spread
the legs 52 upon completion of the driving. The use of a plurality
of barbs or retaining means on each leg is advantageous in stapling
thin materials since, should the staple be driven through, at least
some of the barbs will grip the material.
In FIGS. 6-8 another embodiment is illustrated comprising a staple
60 having a pair of legs 62 and a crown 64 joining the legs at
their upper ends. In this case the legs 62 are angled inwardly in
their normal or non-parallel position and have barbs 66 at their
lower or free ends which extend inwardly from the legs. The
magazine 70 (FIG. 7) of the gun for the staple 60 has parallel
outer guide walls 72 which guide the staple 60. An inner bar guide
74, which is attached to the magazine 70, has outwardly tapered
surfaces 76 which cause the barbed ends 66 of the staple 60 to
separate or spread apart to a parallel position during
installation. Thus, upon being driven into the material (in this
instance, two pieces of foam plastic 80 and 82 which are to be
joined) the legs 62 and barbs 66 enter generally perpendicular to
the surface of the plastic pieces 80 and 82, and the legs 62 are
parallel to each other as shown in FIG. 7. After being completely
driven in the legs 62 tend to move towards their non-parallel or
normal inwardly angled position, thus causing the barbs 66 to
tightly engage and hold the pieces 80 and 82 together and
preventing removal of the staple 60, as is shown in FIG. 8.
A further embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 9 and
comprises a staple 90 having a pair of legs 92 joined by a crown
94. In this instance the legs 92 are again angled outwardly but now
have barbs 96 which extend from opposite edges of each leg 92 and
lie in the same plane as the leg. To accommodate the opposed
arrangement of the barbs 96 on adjacent staples, small integral tab
portions 98 join the adjacent crowns 94 in spaced relation to form
a row or stick 100. The integral tab portions 98 on adjoining
staples 90 will shear apart when the end staple is driven from the
magazine of a staple gun.
As is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, retaining means other than barbs
may be provided on the staples of the present invention. For
example, the legs 104 of the staple may be provided with notches
106 at the various sides thereof as in FIG. 10, or the legs 108 may
have a plurality of threads or grooves 110 thereon.
Although the invention has been described with particular reference
to certain specific structural embodiments thereof it should be
understood that other modifications and equivalent structures may
be resorted to without departing from the scope of the invention as
defined in the appended claims.
* * * * *