U.S. patent number 3,756,242 [Application Number 05/215,327] was granted by the patent office on 1973-09-04 for mechanical scarifier.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Micro Motors, Inc.. Invention is credited to Ronald G. Coss.
United States Patent |
3,756,242 |
Coss |
September 4, 1973 |
MECHANICAL SCARIFIER
Abstract
A mechanical scarifier for the controlled abrading of the skin
of a patient in allergy testing, for example. The device comprises
a guard terminating in an annular end face seatable against a skin
surface to be abraded, a rotary blade within the guard and
terminating in a scarifying edge adjacent and within the lateral
confines of the end face and adapted to abrade the skin surface
against which the end face of the guard is seated, means for
adjusting the position of the scarifying edge of the blade relative
to the end face of the guard in the axial direction, and cam means
for rotating the blade about the axis of the end face of the guard
in response to axial movement of a housing reciprocable relative to
the guard, such rotation of the blade resulting in the desired
abrasion of the skin surface.
Inventors: |
Coss; Ronald G. (Santa Ana,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Micro Motors, Inc. (Santa Ana,
CA)
|
Family
ID: |
22802542 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/215,327 |
Filed: |
January 4, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
606/167 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
17/205 (20130101); A61B 17/322 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
17/20 (20060101); A61B 17/322 (20060101); A61b
017/32 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/333,304,302,315
;145/53 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gaudet; Richard A.
Assistant Examiner: Recla; Henry J.
Claims
I claim as my invention:
1. In a mechanical scarifier the combination of:
a. a guard comprising a sleeve having a first external annular
flange at its rearward end and terminating at its forward end in a
second external annular flange defining an end face seatable
against a surface to be scarified;
b. a housing having a hollow interior mounted on said guard to move
reciprocally relative thereto, said housing including an internal
annular flange at its forward end engageable with said first
annular flange on said sleeve to limit rearward movement of said
housing relative to said guard, and a rearward end;
c. a cam follower pin connected to said housing and extending into
the interior thereof;
d. a shaft positioned within said housing and said guard and being
rotatably and axially movable relative to said housing and said
guard, said shaft having a forward end, a threaded portion, and a
rearward end;
e. a rotary blade removably connected to said forward end of said
shaft within said guard and terminating in a scarifying edge
adjacent and within the lateral confines of said end face of said
guard and adapted to scarify a surface against which said end face
of said guard is seated;
f. a cam threadedly connected about said threaded portion of said
shaft and mounted for rotation within said housing, said cam having
a cylindrical surface with a helical cam groove disposed therein
for receiving said cam follower pin, whereby forward movement of
said housing and the engagement of said cam follower pin and said
helical cam groove will rotate said shaft and blade within said
guard;
g. a tubular closure means surrounding the rearward end of said
shaft and connected to the rearward end of said housing;
h. an adjustment knob located exteriorly of and at the rearward end
of said housing and connected to said rearward end of said shaft
for rotating said shaft relative to said cam, said housing, and
said guard, whereby such rotation of said knob positions said blade
relative to said end face of said guard for determining the depth
of penetration by said blade of the surface to be scarified;
and
i. means for biasing said housing in a direction rearwardly of said
guard whereby said internal annular flange of said housing engages
said first annular flange on said guard.
2. A mechanical scarifier as claimed in claim 1 wherein:
said helical groove extends along a portion only of the
circumference of said cylindrical surface of said cam.
3. A mechanical scarifier as claimed in claim 1 wherein:
said cam includes an axial opening having a threaded portion for
engaging the threaded portion of said shaft, and a lateral opening;
and including
a shaft retaining means received within said lateral opening of
said cam for engaging the threaded portion of said shaft.
4. A mechanical scarifier as claimed in claim 1 wherein:
said biasing means comprises a spring, said spring positioned
around said shaft and between said cam and said tubular closure
means.
Description
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
The present invention relates in general to a mechanical scarifier
intended especially for abrading, or otherwise penetrating, the
skin of a patient in allergy testing, or the like.
SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF INVENTION
A primary object of the invention is to provide a mechanical
scarifier which will penetrate a skin surface, or the like,
predictably and consistently in a controlled manner.
Another primary object is to provide a mechanical scarifier the
depth of penetration of which can be adjusted to compensate for
different skin characteristics.
More particularly, the invention may be summarized as including,
and an important object is to provide a mechanical scarifier which
includes: a guard terminating in an annular end face seatable
against the surface to be scarified; a rotary blade within the
guard and terminating in a scarifying edge adjacent and within the
lateral confines of the end face of the guard; and means for
rotating the blade about the axis of the end face of the guard to
scarify the surface against which such end face is seated.
Another and important object is to provide means for adjusting the
position of the scarifying edge of the blade relative to the end
face of the guard in the direction of the axis of such end
face.
A further object is to provide a housing reciprocable relative to
the guard in the direction of the axis mentioned, and cam means for
rotating the blade in response to axial movement of the housing
relative to the guard in a direction toward the surface to be
scarified. A related object is to provide a cam means comprising
interengageable cam elements connected to the blade and the housing
and, more particularly, a cam connected to the blade and a cam
follower carried by the housing.
Still another object is to provide an adjusting means which
includes a threaded connection between the blade and the cam and a
set screw carried by the cam for locking the blade against rotation
relative to the cam.
The foregoing objects, advantages, features and results of the
present invention, together with various other objects, advantages,
features and results which will be evident to those skilled in the
skin scarifying art in the light of this disclosure, may be
achieved with the exemplary embodiment of the invention illustrated
in the accompanying drawing and described in detail
hereinafter.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a mechanical scarifier which
embodies the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged, longitudinal sectional view taken as
indicated by the arrowed line 2--2 of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a rotary blade and cam assembly
forming part of the scarifier.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT OF INVENTION
The mechanical scarifier of the invention is designated generally
by the numeral 10 in the drawing and includes a guard 12
terminating in an annular end face 14 seatable against a skin
surface, not shown, to be scarified. In the construction
illustrated, the guard 12 comprises a sleeve 16 having an external
annular flange 18 at its rearward end and terminating at its
forward end in an external annular flange 20 which defines the
annular end face 14.
Reciprocable relative to the guard 12 is a housing 22 comprising a
barrel 24 which is externally grooved for gripping purposes. The
barrel 24 is provided at its forward end with an internal annular
flange 26 which engages the external annular flange 18 on the
sleeve 16 to limit rearward movement of the housing 22 relative to
the guard 12. The rearward end of the barrel 24 is provided with a
tubular closure 28 threaded thereinto.
Disposed within the guard 12 is a rotary blade 30 terminating at
its forward end in a scarifying edge 32 adjacent the end face 14
and within the lateral confines thereof. In the particular
construction illustrated, the scarifying edge 32 is a straight edge
paralleling the end face 14.
The blade 30 is threadedly connected to a shaft 34 which extends
rearwardly through and is threadedly connected to a tubular cam 36
within the forward end of the housing 22, the cam being seatable
against the annular flange 18 on the sleeve 16 and being separated
therefrom by an annular thrust bearing 38. In the particular
construction illustrated, the cam 36 is provided in its outer,
cylindrical surface with a helical cam groove 40 receiving therein
a cam follower 42 carried by the housing 22. The groove 40 extends
only about 180.degree. of the circumference of the cylindrical
surface. The cam follower 42 is shown simply as a pin pressed into
a complementary opening in the barrel 14 and extending into the cam
groove 40. Engaging the rearward end of the cam 36 is a thrust
washer 44 serving as a seat for one end of a compression coil
spring 46, the other end of the spring being seated against the end
closure 28.
As will be apparent, if the housing 22 is displaced forwardly,
i.e., toward the end face 14 of the guard 12, from the solid line
position of FIG. 1 to the broken line position thereof, the cam
means constituted by the cam 36 and the cam follower 42 will rotate
the blade 30 within the guard 12, the cam being secured against
rotation relative to the shaft 34 in a manner to be described
hereinafter. Such rotation of the blade 30 causes its edge 32 to
scarify a skin surface against which the annular end face 14 is
seated, the depth of penetration being determined by the axial
position of the blade edge 32 relative to the end face 14. This
relative axial position can be adjusted to accommodate skins having
different characteristics in a manner which will now be
described.
As previously pointed out, the shaft 34 is threadedly connected to
the cam 36, the shaft having thereon external threads 48 engaging
complementary internal threads in the cam 36. The shaft 34 extends
rearwardly through the end closure 28 and has connected to its
rearward end a knob 50 provided with an indicium 52 movable
relative to depth of penetration indicia 54 on the exposed
circumferential periphery of the end closure 28.
As will be apparent, the knob 50 may be rotated in one direction or
the other to advance or retract the blade edge 32 axially with
reference to the annular end face 14 of the guard 12, thereby
increasing or decreasing the depth of penetration, as indicated by
the position of the indicium 52 relative to the indicia 54. A
radial set screw 56 threaded into the cam 36 is provided with a tip
58 of a suitable plastic, or the like, which engages the external
threads 48 on the shaft 34. The set screw 56 is accessible through
a radial opening 60 in the barrel 24 when the barrel and the cam 36
are in the relative positions shown. With this construction, the
shaft 34 is frictionally held against creeping.
As will be apparent, the present invention thus provides a readily
adjustable device which will scarify skins having different
characteristics in an accurate and controlled manner, which is an
important feature.
As previously noted, the blade 30 is threadedly connected to the
shaft 34 so that the blade can be replaced with a sterile one when
the scarifier 10 is used on a different patient. The blade 30 may
be unscrewed by holding it against rotation with a suitable tool
inserted into the guard 12 while rotating the knob 50. A new blade
is installed by reversing this procedure, which also restores the
shaft 34 to its former position relative to the cam 36.
Although an exemplary embodiment of the invention has been
disclosed for purposes of illustration, it will be understood that
various changes, modifications and substitutions may be
incorporated in such embodiment without departing from the spirit
of the invention as defined by the claims appearing
hereinafter.
* * * * *