U.S. patent number 3,754,694 [Application Number 05/215,737] was granted by the patent office on 1973-08-28 for fluid adjusting means.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft. Invention is credited to Imants Reba.
United States Patent |
3,754,694 |
Reba |
August 28, 1973 |
FLUID ADJUSTING MEANS
Abstract
An improvement in a device through which passage of filaments is
accelerated which device has a housing, a primary fluid inlet
through which fluid enters to accelerate said passage of filaments,
a plenum communicating with said fluid inlet, and a passageway in
fluid communicating relationship with said plenum which passageway
terminates within a filament passageway through which spun
filaments pass, said improvement comprising at least two baffle
means disposed in said fluid inlet, one of said baffle means being
a primary fluid directing means, another of said baffle means being
a secondary fluid directing means; an improvement for such an
accelerating means comprising at least one variable baffle disposed
in said plenum; a device for determining the extent of swirl in a
tube through which fluid passes which device comprises a rotatable
member adapted to extend within said tube through which fluid
passes and indicator means associated with such rotatable member
for measuring the number of rotations in a given period of
time.
Inventors: |
Reba; Imants (Vancouver,
WA) |
Assignee: |
Metallgesellschaft
Aktiengesellschaft (Frankfurt/Main, DT)
|
Family
ID: |
22804177 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/215,737 |
Filed: |
January 6, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
226/97.4;
28/272 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65H
51/16 (20130101); B65H 2701/31 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65H
51/00 (20060101); B65H 51/16 (20060101); B65h
017/32 () |
Field of
Search: |
;226/7,97 ;28/1.4
;239/354,401,402.5 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Knowles; Allen N.
Assistant Examiner: Church; Gene A.
Claims
I claim:
1. In a housing through which spun filaments pass wherein fluid is
employed to aspirate said filaments through said housing, said
housing having a primary fluid inlet, a plenum communicating with
said fluid inlet, a passageway in fluid communicating relationship
with said plenum which passageway terminates within a filament
passageway through which spun filaments pass, the improvement for
controlling swirling of fluid in said plenum and said passageway
which comprises a plurality of baffle elements disposed in said
plenum.
2. An improvement according to claim 1 wherein each baffle element
is rotatably mounted to an axis of a spur gear rotatable by a
second spur gear which meshes therewith and is positioned with a
surface on the outside of said housing.
3. An improvement according to claim 1 wherein said plenum
comprises an annular chamber.
4. In a device through which passage of filaments is accelerated
which device has a housing, a primary flow inlet through which
fluid enters to accelerate said passage of filaments, a plenum
communicating with said flow inlet and a passageway in fluid
communicating relationship with said plenum which passageway
terminates within a filament passageway through which spun
filaments pass, the improvement which comprises at least two baffle
means disposed in said fluid inlet, one of said baffle means being
a primary fluid directing means, another of said baffle means being
a secondary fluid directing means.
5. An improvement according to claim 4 wherein said primary fluid
directing means lies at least partially wiithin the fluid inlet and
the plenum and said secondary fluid directing means lies at least
partially within said fluid inlet and said plenum and can be
longitudinally rotatable in said inlet with respect to said primary
fluid directing means.
6. An improvement according to claim 5 wherein each of said primary
or secondary fluid directing means are fitted with an
arcuately-shaped tip which protrudes into said plenum, said primary
fluid directing means having a larger tip than said secondary fluid
directing means.
7. An improvement according to claim 6 wherein said secondary fluid
directing means is in the form of a rod-like member rotatable with
respect to a calibrated scale which member has a pointer affixed to
a knob at the end thereof adaptable to point at a given calibration
on said scale.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention is directed toward insuring that freshly spun
filaments when withdrawn, especially through a device which
accelerates the rate of travel of the filaments through a tube and
passed through such device under optimum conditions of fluid flow.
Specifically, this invention is directed toward regulating any
fluid swirl in the area proximate the filaments and to regulate the
distribution of quantities of fluids and their respective forces.
This invention is directed, therefore, to devices for regulating
the fluid which enters such accelerating means and for measuring
the extent of fluid swirling proximate the filaments. The devices
of the present invention are particularly useful for the apparatus
disclosed in copending application Ser. No. 850,500, assigned to
the assignee hereof.
2. Discussion of the Prior Art
It is known that desirable effects can be provided by utilizing a
filament accelerating means through which freshly spun filaments
pass. It is especially known that an air gun can be suitably
employed to aspirate filaments through an accelerating means to
speed up collection of the filaments. However, it is possible that
air or other suitable fluid under force, when passed through such
an accelerating apparatus, can have varying pressures such that the
fluid pressure in the filaments is not uniform. Such could be
caused by extraneous factors such as dirt, imperfections in the
surfaces which come in contact with the entering fluid, manufacture
misalignments. Such can cause the fluid to be in a generally
helical flow path or swirl as air flows through the device. As a
result thereof, undesirable twisting or roping of the filaments can
occur. Thus, it has become desirable to provide means for detecting
the helical flow of fluid in the area near the filaments. It has
also become desirable to provide a means for compensating for such
uneven fluid flow so as to achieve the desired extent of helical
flow.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention contemplates an improvement
in a device through which passage of filaments is accelerated which
device has a housing, a primary fluid inlet through which fluid
enters to accelerate said passage of filaments, a plenum
communicating with said fluid inlet, and a passageway in fluid
communicating relationship with said plenum which passageway
terminates within a filament passageway through which spun
filaments pass. The improvement comprises at least two baffle means
disposed in said fluid inlet, one of said baffle means being a
primary fluid directing means, another of said baffle means being a
secondary fluid directing means.
In a desirable embodiment, the invention contemplates such an
improvement wherein the primary fluid directing means lies at least
partially within the fluid inlet, said secondary fluid directing
means lies at least partially within said fluid inlet and can be
rotated longitudinally in said inlet with respect to said primary
fluid directing means to adjust the distribution of fluid and fluid
forces in said plenum.
In a particularly desirable embodiment, the primary and secondary
fluid adjusting means are each fitted with an arcuately-shaped tip
which protrudes into said plenum. By adjustment of the relative
positions of said tips, the distribution of the entering fluid can
be regulated so as to adjust the flow of fluid to that desired. The
assembly can be used to reduce swirl of fluid to insure no
entanglement of filaments or, alternatively, it can be used to
create swirl which effects a desired degree of filament
entanglement.
This invention further contemplates an apparatus for determining
the extent of swirl in a tube through which fluid passes which
device comprises a rotatable member adapted to extend within said
tube through which fluid passes, a means and indicator associated
with said rotatable member for measuring the number of rotations in
a given period of time. Preferably, this apparatus comprises a rod
adapted to extend into a tube through which filaments and a fluid
under force pass such that the rod extends in the same direction as
the filaments, an opaque object having a slot therethrough at one
end of the rod which slot is aligned with a light source on one
side and a solar cell on the other such that when light passes
through said slot, a voltage pulse is generated in said solar cell.
Such pulse can be recorded on a recorder. Thus, every revolution of
the rod is recorded and the extent of swirling is recorded as the
number of revolutions per unit of time.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a
filament accelerating device showing the helical movement of fluid
through the tube through which freshly spun filaments pass.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the lines 2--2 of FIG.
1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 wherein the
device is provided with a swirl-detecting device and a means for
regulating the direction of air flow into the plenum chanber of the
accelerating device.
FIG. 4 shows the fluid flow adjusting means in the primary fluid
inlet affixed to a calibrated scale.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 partly broken
away showing the device of FIG. 4 within the accelerating device
FIG. 1.
FIG. 6 is a frontal elevation, partly broken away, of a swirl
detecting devic.
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing a baffle arrangement
within the plenum of the device for adjusting fluid flow within
said plenum.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the lines 8--8 of FIG.
7.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Preferred embodiments of this invention are illustrated in the
accompanying drawings. The accelerating device for which the
improvements of the present invention are useful comprises a plenum
1 fed with a primary fluid source which enters a primary fluid
inlet 2 in fluid communicating relationship therewith. Fluid
entering the inlet 2 passes through the plenum 1 and into the
funnel or throat 3. The fluid emanates from throat 3 and passes
into an expansion chamber 4. Filaments 6 pass through funnel 5 and
enter guide tube 7 which is in fluid communicating relationship
with expansion chamber 4 all of which are maintained in a housing
15. FIG. 1 depicts the possible helical flow of air through such
device.
In accordance with the present invention, a device is provided for
regulating the flow of air through the primary fluid inlet 2. Such
device comprises a primary fluid directing means 10 desirably
terminating in an arcuate tip 12 positioned within plenum 1. The
provision of such an arcuate tip enables the device to direct the
flow of incoming air around the plenum before the same ascends
upwardly to a position where it can enter throat 3. Such device is
provided with a secondary fluid directing means 14 in the form of a
rotatable tube within inlet 2 terminating in an arcuate shaped tip
positioned in said plenum. Secondary fluid directing means 14 can
be rotated so that its tip 16 can face tip 12 of the primary
directing means 10. By adjusting the relative position of tip 16
with respect to tip 12, the fluid flow is adjusted to maintain the
desired distribution of fluid sources throughout the various
passageways. Secondary fluid directing means 14 is rotated simply
by rotating knob 18. Knob 18 is provided with an L-shaped bracket
20 secured into the shorter indicator of which terminates in a
V-shaped indicator as seen in FIG. 4. A calibrated scale 22 is
secured to inlet 2 such that the secondary fluid directing means 14
is rotated with respect thereto. Plus, it is possible through the
use of scale 22 to instruct an operator to set rod 14 at a given
calibration issuring optimum operating conditions.
FIGS. 3 and 6 depict a swirl indicator. FIG. 6 shows the complete
apparatus apart from the accelerating device. FIG. 3 shows its
placement in such a device. The indicator comprises a rotatable rod
30 located in a housing 32 via support 34 containing bearings 36
and 38 suitably ball or roller bearings. These bearings enable free
rotation of the rod 30. Rod 30 terminates in an opaque end 40
having an open passageway therethrough 41. Housing 32 is provided
with a light source 42 on one side thereof and a solar cell 44 on
the other such that when the open passageway is in registry within
the light source 42, the solar cell generates a voltage pulse
recorded in recorder 46.
Housing 32 is suitably maintained on a bracket 48 terminating in a
ring 50 which is adaptable to be fastened or positioned over the
walls defining funnel 5.
The rod 30 can be provided with outwardly protruding baffles or
veins to catch the flow of swirling air or other fluid.
Alternatively, it can be in a flattened shape. Desirably, it is of
such a size as to fit within the strands of filaments passing
through guide tube 7, but not in contact with such strands.
Another feature of the present invention involves the utilization
of at least one baffle or dampening means situated within the
plenum 1. Referring specifically to FIGS. 7 and 8, the aspirating
jet or fluid gun is provided with a plurality of baffle means each
of which can be desirably adjusted to adjust the air flow. These
baffle means 50 extends upwardly and fills a major portion of the
depth of the space constituting plenum 1. They can be adjusted to
vary their angle by suitable adjusting means. One single, accurate
and inexpensive means for adjusting these baffles 50 comprises a
pair of spur gears comprising inner gear 52 having an axis 54
affixed to the baffle 50. Inner gear 52 meshes with outer gear 56
rotatable about axis 58. Thus, by movement of outer gear 56,
rotation of gear 52 is effected which, in turn, regulates the
position of baffle element 50 within plenum 51. Desirably a
plurality of such elements is provided as seen in FIG. 8. When such
a plurality of baffle elements are employed, they are generally
evenly distribued throughout the annular chamber or plenum 1.
The improvements provided herein are particularly suitable for use
in connection with the device disclosed in copending application
Ser. No. 850,500. Such device comprises an inlet tube through which
a secondary fluid source, e.g., air, is passed together with
freshly spun filaments. This terminates in a guide tube.
Surrounding this secondary air source is an aspirating means
comprising a primary fluid inlet which feeds an annular chamber.
The primary fluid passes into that annular chamber and enters an
inlet funnel which ultimately terminates in the aforementioned
guide tube, generally via an expansion tube. The aspirating means
or fluid jet can easily be affixed to the secondary fluid inlet by
being screwed thereabout or by other fastening means.
Utilization of such a device enables lay down of synthetic
filaments at extremely high rates, as high as 10,000 meters per
minute. The aspirating flow can be accelerated to sound velocity
such that when it reaches the narrowest jet cross section and in
the expansion zone, it is up to Mach figures of 3.5 either parallel
to the direction of the filaments or away from such direction
depending upon the motive pressure and the ratio between exit cross
sectional area and inlet cross sectional area of the expansion
zone. Operation of devices provided by this invention is simple.
With respect to the means provided within inlet tube 2, the air
flow and pressures are adjusted merely by rotating knob 18 and
fixing the setting on scale 22 so that the L-shaped pointer 20 is
at a pre-determined setting.
Operation of the swirl detecting device merely involves insertion
of the rod 30 through funnel 5 which functions as a secondary inlet
for fluid and as inlet for the freshly spun filaments. The power
sources are provided such that the light source can be in registry
with the slot 41 in the opaque end 40. A suitable solar cell is
provided in electrical association with a counter or rate
determining device. The rest of the operation is done by the
apparatus.
Use of the baffle system shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 merely involves
adjustment of the baffles 50 employing the spur gears bearing in
mind that each baffle is provided with its own set adjusting means,
e.g., gears.
* * * * *