U.S. patent number 3,751,848 [Application Number 05/233,904] was granted by the patent office on 1973-08-14 for model house.
Invention is credited to Richard G. Ahlstrand.
United States Patent |
3,751,848 |
Ahlstrand |
August 14, 1973 |
MODEL HOUSE
Abstract
A model house that can be erected from a combination of parts
without tools or fasteners and then easily knocked down for
shipment or storage. A base member has a main cutout to receive a
central vertical partition and peripheral openings to receive
vertical side members that support a second floor and a folding
roof. All parts are rigid members that interlock so that they
cooperate together to maintain the structural arrangement of the
house.
Inventors: |
Ahlstrand; Richard G.
(Berkeley, CA) |
Family
ID: |
22879128 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/233,904 |
Filed: |
March 13, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
446/110; 434/79;
446/113 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63H
33/044 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63H
33/04 (20060101); A63h 033/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;46/12,19,21 ;35/16 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Mancene; Louis G.
Assistant Examiner: Cutting; Robert F.
Claims
I claim:
1. A model house that can be rapidly assembled from a combination
of individual, connectable components without fasteners and
thereafter disassembled for storage or shipment, comprising:
a generally rectangular base member providing a first floor means
and having a groove extending parallel to one side thereof;
a second generally rectangular member providing a second floor
means parallel to said first floor means;
a rear member simulating a rear wall having a generally rectangular
shape and extending vertically upward from said groove and
substantially the full length of said base member;
a front member having a shorter length than said rear member,
supported on and extending vertically upward from said base member
and simulating a front portion of the house;
a pair of end vertical members simulating end wall portions of the
house located near end edges of said base member and extending
vertically upward therefrom, said rear, front and end vertical
members all being connected with said first and second floor
means;
a transverse divider member having opposite end portions connected
with said rear and front members and extending vertically upward
from said base member;
and roof means connected to said divider member and said end
members.
2. The model house as described in claim 1 wherein said divider
member has tongue portions projecting from its vertical edges at
its opposite ends which extend through aligned slots in said front
and rear vertical members and sloped tongue members that fit within
mating grooves of said roof means.
3. The model houses as described in claim 1 wherein each of said
end vertical members has an enlarged lower portion and a narrower
upper portion forming shoulder means for supporting said second
floor means.
4. The model house as described in claim 1 wherein said front
vertical member has a bifurcated lower end forming an opening that
simulates a front door and a slot on its inner surface for
receiving an edge portion of said second floor means.
5. The model house as described in claim 1 including retainer block
means having projecting pins that extend through the upper end of
each end member and into said roof means.
6. The model house as described in claim 1 wherein said divider
member and said second rectangular member have similar slots for
connecting them in a cruciform manner, the slotted portion of said
divider member having a width that is approximately one half of the
width of the second rectangular member, said slotted portion
extending from the rear edge thereof so that an open space
extending across the entire length of the second floor means is
provided.
7. The model house as described in claim 6 including a stairway
means extending below a stairwell opening in said open space
between said first and second floor means.
8. The model house as described in claim 7 wherein said stairway
means comprises an inclined beam member having a series of spaced
apart slots with a step member in each slot and tongue members at
the ends of said beam member that fit within recesses of said first
and second floor means.
9. The model house as described in claim 8 wherein all of said
components are made from sheet plywood material.
10. The model house as described in claim 8 including a pair of
internal wall members forming a sidewall of said stairwell opening
and situated perpendicular to said divider member.
11. A model house comprising:
a rear upright wall member having a horizontal groove and a pair of
vertical slots;
a front upright member spaced apart and parallel to said rear
member and having a horizontal groove and a vertical slot;
a vertical divider member extending transversely between said rear
and front members, said divider member having a horizontal slot and
including locking means projecting from its opposite ends connected
to said rear and front members;
a horizontal floor member having opposite edge portions which are
retained by said grooves in said rear and front members and said
divider slot only when said divider locking means are in their
locked position within said rear and front members.
12. The model house as described in claim 11 wherein said locking
means on said divider member are projecting tongue members
extending through said slots in said rear wall member and said
front member, said slot on said front member having a rounded outer
edge to facilitate its attachment to said divider and said floor
member.
13. The model house as described in claim 11 including a base
member having recesses for receiving the lower ends of said rear
member, front member and divider member.
14. The model houses as described in claim 13 including upright end
support members supported on said base member each extending
upwardly through an opening in said floor member and having a pair
of spaced apart holes at its upper end; pin means extending through
said holes and a pair of roof members pivotally supported on said
pin means.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a model house structure which is useful
as a means for displaying or planning interior designs or as a
child's doll house.
Heretofore doll houses of various types have been deviced to
simulate actual home interiors and thereby provide a recreational
and educational structure for children. For the most part such
houses were generally permanent structures constructed in a
conventional manner with numerous parts and fasteners. Once
constructed or assembled these houses were not adaptable to be
easily disassembled for storage or movement to another
locality.
It is therefore one object of the present invention to provide a
doll house that is comprised of relatively few parts which can be
knocked down for shipment and storage and yet can be easily created
for use without the need for skilled labor, special tools or
fasteners.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a doll house
that is realistic and eye-pleasing in appearance.
Yet another object of my invention is to provide a model house that
is sturdy, durable and can withstand rigorous use.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a doll house
having internal first and second floor areas that are easily
accessible from three or more sides of the structure.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a doll house
that is well adapted for general ease and economy of
manufacture.
Other objects, advantages and features of my invention will become
apparent from the following detailed description of one preferred
embodiment presented with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In general, my model or doll house comprises a plurality of basic
components that form the floors, the roof and side supporting
members that may simulate sidewalls but which leave substantial
openings to provide considerable access to the interior floor areas
from at least three sides of the house. A first floor or horizontal
base member has a series of centrally located slots which receive
the lower ends of a vertical transverse divider support member. At
opposite ends of the base member are holes or slots for receiving
the lower ends of narrow, upright support members that may simulate
chimneys.
Along the rear edge of the base member is another slot for
receiving a rear upright member that may be long enough to simulate
a wall and which is connected to the transverse divider member. Yet
another narrow, upright member may be secured in openings along or
near to the front edge of the base member to receive and retain a
front upright member. The transverse divider member together with
the front, rear and end support members hold in place a second
floor member and a roof member, all of which are locked together
when the house is assembled.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a view in perspective of a model house embodying the
principles of my invention as it appears when fully assembled;
FIG. 2 is a somewhat smaller front view in elevation of the house
shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an end view in elevation of the house shown in FIG.
1;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view in section taken along line 4--4 of
FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view in perspective showing all of the major
parts of my house except the roof as they appear when separated
from each other; and
FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view in perspective showing one
roof connection.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawing, FIG. 1 shows a model house 10 embodying
the principles of the present invention as it appears when fully
assembled for use as a display or recreational device. Generally,
it comprises a base or first floor member 12 having a rectangular
shape with a similarly shaped second floor member 14 spaced
vertically above it. A hinged two-piece roof member 16 is spaced
above the second floor member. Holding the floor and roof members
firmly together are a pair of end members 18, a front member 20 and
a rear wall member 22, all of which are joined to or engaged with
edge portions or near-edge portions of both floor members and the
roof member. Centrally located within the house is a transverse,
upright divider member 24 which provides support to the floor and
roof members and also serves to divide the interior floor into room
areas. Perpendicular to this divider are a pair of additional
divider members 26. A stairway 28 located adjacent the divider
members 26 provides a central access between the first and second
floors. Since the end members and the front members can be made
relatively narrow in width the interior of the house on both floors
is readily accessible. This is an important feature because it
greatly enhances the use and enjoyment of the house by children as
a doll house.
All of the components of my house 10 are preferably made from a
suitable sheet material such as wood or plastic board that is
relatively light yet durable and similar in appearance to materials
used on actual houses. A fairly thick (e.g., one-half inch) plywood
such as birch is particularly adaptable because it can be sanded
and finished to have smooth, precisely dimensioned surfaces.
Another important feature of my invention is that all components of
my house can be made from the aforesaid sheet material so that when
disassembled they can all be stacked and packaged together in a
relatively compact space for storage or shipment.
Turning to FIGS 2 - 6, the house 10 is shown in greater detail to
illustrate the detailed shape and function of various components.
The base member 12 has a pair of spaced apart recesses 30 centrally
located near its front edge. Similarly spaced apart recesses 32 and
34 are provided at the opposite ends of the base member. Extending
parallel to the rear edge of the base member and along its entire
length is an elongated groove 36. Perpendicular to this latter
groove is a T-shaped groove 38 having an inner portion 40 that is
parallel to the rear edge groove 36 and located substantially
midway between the front and rear edges of the base member. Near
one end of this inner groove portion 40 and spaced from it is a
relatively short recess 42. All of the aforesaid grooves and
recesses may be routed to a suitable depth within the base member
by conventional wood masking tools and it is preferred that none of
them extend completely through the base member so that its under
surface will remain smooth and unbroken.
The second floor member 14 which has the same rectangular shape as
the base member 12 also has cutout portions generally above its
various grooves and recesses. Along the front edge of the base
member are a pair of notches 44 between which is formed a tongue
member 46. At its opposite ends are a pair of elongated rectangular
holes or slots 48. The rear corners are each provided with a notch
50 between which are formed a pair of elongated tongue members 52.
Extending inwardly from the rear edge of the floor member 14
between its tongue members 52 is a slot 54 which is vertically
aligned with the slot 38 when the house is assembled. Spaced from
the end of this slot 54 is an opening 56 having slot portions 58 at
opposite ends and along one side thereof. These slot portions are
vertically aligned with the groove 40 on the base member when the
house is assembled. Separating the slot portions 58 is a short
tongue member 60.
At the front of the house the front member 20 has a bifurcated low
portion with two spaced apart vertical portions 62 forming an
opening 64 that readily simulates a front door. Spaced above this
opening on the inside of the front member 20 is a horizontal groove
66 having substantially the same width as the tongue 46. The width
of material designated by the numeral 68 at the opposite ends of
the groove 66 is the same or slightly less than the width of the
slots 44. Spaced above the groove 66 is a vertical slot 70 which
cooperates with the upright divider member 24 when the house is
erected.
At the opposite ends of the house the end members 18 may be
relatively narrow, as shown, so as to simulate fireplaces but also
to provide easy access to the interiors of both floors. The low end
of each member 18 is bifurcated with narrow spaced apart portions
72 forming an opening 74. Above the portions 72 each member 18
tapers to a narrower width which extends upwardly to the second
floor level. Here, end member 18 tapers abruptly to a still
narrower width by means of a pair of horizontal shoulders 76 on its
opposite sides. The narrowest portion 78 above these shoulders has
a width only slightly smaller than the length of the slots 48. Near
the upper end of this narrow portion are a pair of spaced apart
holes 80.
The rear wall member 22 is generally rectangular and has a series
of openings 82 which simulate windows. Its thickness is only
slightly less than the width of the groove 36 in the base member.
Spaced approximately midway between its upper and lower edges is a
horizontal groove 84, the opposite ends of which terminate a short
distance from the vertical end edges of the wall member. This
groove is just slightly larger in width than the tongue portions 52
of the floor member 14 so as to receive them with a snug fit.
Located approximately midway between the ends of the wall member 22
are a pair of vertically aligned and spaced apart slots 86 adapted
to receive and retain the divider member 24. This rear wall member,
as shown, extends the entire length of the base member and thereby
simulates a full outside wall of the house. However, it is apparent
that it could be shorter, if desired, particularly if more access
to the interior of the house was required from its rear side.
The transverse divider member 24 extends between the rear wall 22
and the front member 20 and helps to hold the second floor in place
as well to support the roof 16. Along a rear vertical edge of this
divider are a pair of projecting tongue members 88 which are spaced
apart and sized so as to fit within the slots 86. Each of these
members 88 is generally hook shaped with an upper end portion 90
that extends outwardly and upwardly from the vertical edge of the
divider. When these tongue members are inserted into the slots 86,
as shown in FIG. 4, their end portions 90 extend above the upper
ends of the slots and hold the two adjoining members 24 and 26
firmly together. On the opposite vertical edge of the divider 24 is
a similar projecting tongue member 92 also with a hook-like upper
portion 94. This tongue member fits into the vertical slot 70 of
the front upright member 20 in the same manner as the other tongue
members 88. The divider 24 is shaped so that it has an internal
vertical edge 96 on one side of cutout portion 97 above the
stairwell opening 56 and an internal horizontal slot 98 that
extends inwardly therefrom towards its rear edge. The length of
this latter slot is such that when the divider 24 is attached to
the floor member 14 so that its internal edge 96 is flush with the
projection 60, the portion of the divider 24 adjacent its slot 98
will fit in the slot 54 of the floor member. At the top of the
divider are a pair of tongue members 99 that are sloped at an angle
in opposite directions and are adapted to fit within grooves 101 of
the same length in the underside of the roof members 16 as shown in
FIG. 3.
The other vertical dividers 26 fit into the slots 58 and adjacent
to these divers the opening 56 provides space for accommodating the
stairway 28. The stairway is comprised of an inclined member 100
with projecting tongue members 102 and 104 at its upper and lower
ends. The upper tongue member fits into a recess 106 provided in
the underside of the floor member 14 and the lower tongue member
fits into the similar recess 42. A series of horizontal slots 108
are provided in one side of the inclined member 100 for receiving a
series of steps 110 each having a similar slot 112.
The roof 16 is comprised of two generally rectangular members that
are pivotable around a hinge axis that extends parallel to the rear
wall member 22. As shown in FIG. 6, both roof members at both ends
of the hinge axis are notched out to receive the upper ends of the
upright end members 18. At this point each end member is secured to
the roof by a short retainer block 114 which extends across the
width of the end member and has a pair of spaced apart dowel pins
116 that project from one side of the block. The dowel pin of each
block extends through the openings 80 in the end member and into
similar openings provided in the roof members. Thus, the dowel pins
serve as hinge means by allowing each roof member to pivot about
the aligned pins at its opposite ends. When installed in the block
the dowel pins are angled outwardly with respect to each other a
small amount (e.g., 1.degree. to 2.degree. ) and this assures that
once placed in their proper position they will essentially grip the
sides of their openings and stay in place.
The assembly of my house 10 can be accomplished quickly and easily
by an unskilled person, and in fact part of the unique recreational
value of the house to small children lies in the process of
assembling and disassembling the various components. With the base
member 12 supported on a flat surface the center divider 24 is
first attached to the rear wall 22 by inserting the rear tongue
members 88 into the slots 86. Now, with the back wall preferably
resting on a flat surface, the floor member 14 is inserted into the
slot 98 of the divider 24 so that its slot 54 receives the divider
portion adjacent thereto and until the tongue members 52 of the
floor are seated in the groove 84 of the rear wall. The slot 98 of
the divider 24 and the groove 84 of the rear wall will be in the
same plane to allow connection of these components only when the
divider tongues 88 are uppermost in the slots 86. Therefore when
the floor member 14 is inserted in the divider 14 and into the back
member, the back member becomes locked to the divider. Now, the
front upright member 20 is secured in place by inserting the front
tongue member 92 on the divider 24, into the slot 70, while the
tongue member 46 of the floor 14 fits within the recess or groove
66. This action locks the front member to the divider and in fact
locks these members to the floor member 14 in the same manner that
it was previously locked to the rear wall member. This connection
is made possible by rounding or beveling the top outer edge 120 of
the slot 70 and the bottom edge 122 of the floor tongue portion 46.
As the front member is connected the rounded edge 120 engages upper
portion 94 of the tongue 92 and cams the front member downwardly
until the tongue 92 is uppermost in the slot 70 and the tongue
portion 46 of the floor member is with the mating slot 66. The end
members 18 can now be installed in a similar manner by being
inserted upwardly through the floor slots 48. At this point, the
assembled components are pivoted into place on the base member with
the rear wall situated in the groove 36, the front door member in
the recesses 30 and the end chimney members in their recesses 34.
Now, the steps 110 can be inserted into the notches 108 of the
member 100 to form the stairway 28 and its bottom tongue 104 can be
placed in the recess 42 of the base member. By lifting the floor
member 14 slightly, the upper tongue member 102 of the stairway can
be inserted into the recess 106.
The room dividers 26 can now be inserted into the slots 58 adjacent
the opening 56 that forms the stairwell.
Now, the roof 16 is attached to the center divider 24 so that the
tongue members 99 thereof are inserted into the grooves 101 of the
roof. In this position the upper ends of the chimney like end
members 18 are situated within the notched out portions at the
opposite ends of the roof members. The retaining blocks 114 can now
be attached with their dowel pins 116 inserted through the holes 80
and into the roof.
The disassembly of the house is accomplished by merely reversing
the assembly procedure and should be readily apparent. When
assembled the house is sturdy and stable with the components locked
together as described. Yet no fasteners such as screws or bolts are
required. The high degree of accessibility of the floor areas
greatly enhances the use and enjoyment of the house by more than
one child at a time. In the knocked down condition all parts are
flat for easy storage and handling.
To those skilled in the art to which this invention relates, many
changes in construction and widely differing embodiments and
applications of the invention will suggest themselves without
departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The
disclosures and the description herein are purely illustrative and
are not intended to be in any sense limiting.
* * * * *