U.S. patent number 3,751,755 [Application Number 05/123,566] was granted by the patent office on 1973-08-14 for vacuum cleaner having a foam generator.
Invention is credited to Judson L. Smith.
United States Patent |
3,751,755 |
Smith |
August 14, 1973 |
VACUUM CLEANER HAVING A FOAM GENERATOR
Abstract
A vacuum cleaner has a cleaning foam generating and conveying
means for selectively discharging cleaning foam at the nozzle,
brushing the surface to be cleaned, and sucking the dirt from the
surface. An air bleed port at the nozzle controls application of
foam or suction at the nozzle. Compressed air pressurizes and
propels cleaning liquid from a reservoir to an air charged foam
generator to generate the foam. An electric switch or a manual
valve at the nozzle are included as alternate embodiments of the
foam control.
Inventors: |
Smith; Judson L. (Tempe,
AZ) |
Family
ID: |
22409432 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/123,566 |
Filed: |
March 12, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
15/302; 15/314;
15/419; 137/205; 137/209; 261/DIG.26; 261/75; 401/46 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47L
11/4044 (20130101); A47L 11/30 (20130101); A47L
11/4083 (20130101); A47L 11/34 (20130101); A47L
11/4088 (20130101); Y10S 261/26 (20130101); Y10T
137/3109 (20150401); Y10T 137/3127 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
A47L
11/00 (20060101); A47L 11/30 (20060101); A47L
11/34 (20060101); A47L 11/29 (20060101); A47k
005/14 (); A47l 005/36 () |
Field of
Search: |
;15/5R,302,314,320,321,322,330 ;222/4,190 ;239/343
;401/41-43,45-47 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Blum; Daniel
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. A cleaner apparatus comprising:
an applicator,
a first fluid mover coupled to said applicator and establishing a
flow of a first fluid through said applicator;
a first source of a second fluid, said first source being coupled
to said applicator;
control means including a valve coupled between said source and a
portion of said applicator and operable to admit and terminate flow
of said second fluid to a discharge point in said applicator;
and said control means further including means to terminate flow of
said first fluid through said applicator during admission of said
second fluid to said applicator;
a second source of fluid;
a bleed outlet on said applicator;
said valve having an operator coupled to a passageway from said
second source to said bleed outlet and operable, by pressure rise
in said passageway upon restriction of said bleed outlet, to admit
flow of said second fluid to said applicator.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said means to terminate
include:
switch means having an operator coupled to said passageway and
operable by pressure rise in said passageway upon restriction of
said bleed outlet, to terminate operation of said first mover.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein:
said first fluid mover is a motor driven vacuum generator;
said first source of second fluid is a reservoir containing a
cleaning liquid; and
said second source of fluid is an air compressor.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein:
said reservoir is coupled to said compressor and pressurized
thereby to force said cleaning fluid toward said valve.
5. The apparatus of claim 2 and further comprising:
foam generator means coupled between said reservoir and said valve,
said generator means having an input from said compressor.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said foam generator means
include:
first and second generally parallel elongated chambers receiving
compressed air from said compressor and pressurized thereby;
a third elongated chamber receiving said cleaning liquid from said
reservoir;
a plurality of distributor passages providing communication between
said first, second and third chambers for mixing of compressed air
with said cleaning liquid to generate foam; and
an outlet from said third chamber and coupled to said valve to
deliver foam to said valve.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 and further comprising:
an elongated fitting coupled to said generator means and extending
into said third chamber,
said fitting having a plurality of small apertures spaced along the
length thereof and introducing said cleaning liquid from said
reservoir to said chamber.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 and further comprising:
flow control means coupled between said foam generator means and
said reservoir, and said compressor, and said valve.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to cleaning apparatus, and more
particularly to vacuum cleaning apparatus having built-in foam or
cleaning fluid applicating means.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The prior art patents of which I am aware are as follows:
2,198,322 Schrader 2,499,876 Platek 2,757,406 Decker 2,960,710
McKeegan 2,996,743 Noble 3,094,152 Kenny 3,109,559 Wilburn
3,143,756 Siskd 3,381,327 Kelly
While the foregoing references describe various types of cleaning
devices, foam generators and controls, there has remained a need
for apparatus which is comparatively simple in construction and
operation, compact, safe to use, and which lends itself to
coin-operated installations as well as to those not employing coin
controls.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Described briefly, in a typical embodiment of the present
invention, an applicator device includes a vacuum nozzle and foam
dispenser. The vacuum nozzle communicates with a vacuum cleaner
fan, while the dispenser communicates with a cleaning foam
generator. An air compressor is included to pressurize a tank of
cleaning fluid, urging the fluid toward the foam generator. The
compressor is also coupled to a bleed port in the applicator. A
foam control valve is operable in response to rise of pressure in
the passageway to the bleed port, upon restriction of the port, to
open the valve for dispensing the cleaning foam. Similarly a
pressure operated normally closed switch to the vacuum fan drive
motor is opened in response to the pressure rise due to restriction
of the bleed port, to terminate vacuum operation while foam is
being dispensed. One electrical circuit is arranged to permit
selection of either a vacuum-only operation, or the selectable
vacuum-shampoo operation, depending upon activation of one or
another of two actuators, which may be controlled by use of a coin
of one value or another. Other embodiments permit use of a manual
valve or a manual switch at the applicator instead of a bleed
port.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a typical embodiment of the
apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a pictorial diagram of the pulmbing and a portion of the
electrical circuitry employed in the typical embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective interior view of the foam flow
dispenser.
FIG. 4 is an exploded cutaway view of the foam generator.
FIG. 5 is an electrical schematic diagram of the control circuitry,
arranged for the option of "vacuum-shampoo" or "vacuum only"
operation.
FIG. 6 shows a modification to the diagram of FIG. 2 which would be
employed if the bleed port control were omitted and a manual foam
flow control valve substituted for it.
FIG. 7 is still another embodiment showing the modification of FIG.
2 which would result if the bleed port control were placed by an
electrical switch control for the foam dispensing.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings in detail, a combination vacuum and
foam dispensing applicator nozzle assembly 11 is connected to the
end of a flexible hose assembly 12 which is connected into the base
of the cleaner housing 13 which is of a frustro-conical shape,
although other shapes might also be employed. For access to the
interior of the housing, the top portion thereof can be separated
from the lower portion at a circular joint around the circle 14,
for example. The interior components and their operative
arrangement can be appreciated upon consideration of FIG. 2.
In FIG. 2, some of the components are drawn out of proportion to
their actual size, in order both to conserve space in the drawing
and at the same time clearly present the functional relationship of
the components. In FIG. 2, vacuum generator 16 may be of
conventional construction employing an electrical motor to
establish a vacuum to which the flexible hose 12 is coupled, and
discharging air at outlet 18. At the opposite end of the hose is
the assembly 11 having a typical, generally rectangular brush 19
surrounding the air inlet port 21 (FIG. 1). A power driven rotary
brush might also be used on the nozzle. The intake port 21
communicates with the vacuum hose 12 whereby the unit is capable of
normal vacuum cleaner operation. Referring further to FIG. 2, an
air compressor and storage tank assembly is shown at 22 and has an
output line coupled through the check valve 23 and pressure
regulator 24 to a pair of "T" connections 26 and 27. Line 28
extends therefrom to the top of a reservoir 29 having a cleaning
fluid therein, typically in the form of a liquid soap or detergent.
A sight glass 31 is provided on the reservoir to show the level of
soap therein at 32. A pressure gauge is provided thereon at 33 and
an outlet line therefrom is provided at 34. This outlet line passes
through a flow controller 36 to the foam generator 37.
At the "T" connection 27, air can move through the line 38 and flow
control 39 to the foam generator 37.
At the "T" connection 26, compressed air can move through the line
41 and flow control 42 to the "T" connection 43 from which it is
applicable to an operator for the air-piloted, normally closed,
two-way valve 44. The connection 43 also provides a means for
providing compressed air supply through line 46 which extends into
the interior of the vacuum hose at a point inside the housing 13
(FIG. 1) and continues inside the hose and inside the nozzle to a
port 47 on the top of the nozzle. Port 47 serves as a bleed port.
Although the line 46 extends through the interior of most of the
length of the hose 12, and through the interior of the nozzle 11,
there is no communication between the air in line 46 and the
interior of the hose or nozzle, the only output being at the port
47. An appropriate seal is provided around the circumference of the
tube 46 where it enters the vacuum hose 12 at point 48 to avoid
leakage of air from the environment into the hose at that
location.
A foam output line 64 is provided from the foam generator 37
through the flow control 66 to the normally closed valve 44. The
foam output line 49 from valve 44 enters the vacuum hose at the
point 51 where it is well sealed to avoid leakage, and extends
through the length of the hose and the nozzle assembly into the
interior of a foam flow compensator 52 at the end of the nozzle
assembly. The interior of this compensator is shown in FIG. 3
where, immediately inside the mounting face 54 there is a cavity
56. At the lower margin of this cavity there is an elongated slot
57 passing vertically downward through the lower cross member 58 of
the compensator and opening at the underside 59 thereof. This
opening is behind the distributor flange 61. The compensator is
secured to the front end of the nozzle by a pair of screws 62 (FIG.
2) received through the apertures 63, and a gasket may be provided
at 64. Thus the foam which is supplied to the nozzle assembly by
means yet to be described, does not communicate with the interior
of the nozzle assembly at all, but rather enters only the chamber
in the compensator, from which it is discharged through the slot 57
immediately ahead of the nozzle but behind the flange 61.
Referring further to FIG. 2, pressure from the "T" connection 67 is
applied to an operator 68 for the normally closed electrical switch
69. Electrical energy from the line plug 71 is applied through a
toggle switch 72 and then conductors 73 and 74 to the two terminals
of the air compressor motor, and to one terminal of the vacuum
cleaner motor and one terminal of the switch 69. When this switch
is in its normally closed state, conductor 74 is thereby connected
to the other terminal of the vacuum cleaner motor.
Referring now to FIG. 4, the foam generator may be made of a block
of material having passages 76 and 77 drilled completely through
and plugged at both ends. Similarly a passage 78 extends up from
the bottom and intersects both passages 76 and 77 as indicated at
79 and 81. A fourth passage 82 enters the left-hand end, extends to
a point near passage 78 and has an output port 83 in the rear wall
of the housing. Six passages 84 drilled into the top, intercept the
passageways 76, 77 and 82, and all are plugged at the top.
A liquid introducing member 86 is threadedly received into the end
of the passageway 82 and secured in place by means of the threads
87 thereon. This member can be a piece of copper tubing capped at
the inner end and having a plurality of orifices 88 therein for
dispensing the liquid therefrom. Approximately 30 orifices
approximately one-sixteenth inch in diameter is suitable.
The operation of the foam generator itself involves the
introduction of the pressurized liquid soap from flow control 36
through the apertures 88 in the introducing member 86 and thereby
into the passageway 82. At the same time compressed air enters
passageway 78 from the flow control valve 39 and pressurizes the
passageways 76 and 77. This air is admitted to the chamber 82 from
both passageways through the 12 ports resulting from intersection
of the passages 84 with the chamber 82. This combination of
pressurized fluids generates a foam which is discharged through the
port 83 and line 64 to the flow rate control 66.
The operation of the apparatus as described thus far may begin with
closing the manually operated switch 72, which may be a simple
toggle switch. This energizes both the vacuum cleaner motor and the
compressor motor, whereupon the applicator assembly can be used for
simple vacuum cleaning operations. The compressor establishes air
pressure in the various lines described above at a level which may
be adjusted by the manually operable pressure regulator 24. It thus
pressurizes the detergent or soap in the reservoir 29 to a pressure
level established by the regulator 24 and registered on the gauge
33. This liquid is thereby pressurized and moves into the foam
generator while air pressure through flow rate controller 39 moves
into the foam generator also. The foaming results at this point and
the foam moves therefrom through the controller 66 to the valve 44
which is normally closed and precludes movement of the foam from
that point. Air also passes through the line 41, flow rate
controller 42, line 46 and port 47.
In order to discharge foam from the nozzle assembly, and more
specifically from the foam compensator slot 57, the thumb of the
hand holding the nozzle handle is placed over the bleed port 47.
This causes pressure to rise in the line 46 and this pressure,
operating on the pilot for valve 44, will eventually rise to the
point where it opens the valve 44. At the same time, this pressure
applied to the operator 68 for the switch 69 will open the switch.
Opening of switch 69 turns off the vacuum cleaner while opening the
valve 44 admits foam to the compensator chamber 56, and thence out
the slot 57. The distributor flange 61 controls the dispensed foam
to urge it toward the brush 19 and thus avoid its mere piling up in
front of the nozzle assembly. Therefore, as the unit is pushed back
and forth across the surface to be cleaned, there is always foam
being applied to the brush, so long as the port 47 is sufficiently
closed to maintain sufficient pressure to keep the foam control
valve open. Once the thumb is removed, bleeding of air can resume,
whereupon the foam control valve will close and the vacuum cleaner
motor switch will also close to reinstate operation of the vacuum
cleaner.
The various flow control valves 24, 36, 39 and 66, mentioned above,
are manually operable to provide the desired rates of flow for
proper mixing of liquid from the soap tank and air from the
compressor, and to control the flow from the foam generator to the
nozzle while the valve 44 is open, and also to control the rate of
air flow from the compressor to the bleed port so as to determine
the amount of restriction needed to raise the pressure sufficiently
to open the valve 44 and open the vacuum cleaner motor switch 69.
For example, the greater the air flow to the bleed port, the
quicker will be the activation of the foam valve 44 and opening of
the motor switch 69 when the bleed port is closed.
Typically the slot 57 in the bottom of the foam flow compensator is
approximately equal to the length of the brush in order to better
distribute the foam evenly over the brush. The cavity acts as a
surge control for the foam line and thus serves as a flow
compensator.
It can readily be recognized that the present invention is very
well suited to employment both for commercial and non-commercial
work in a variety of environments. It is useful in homes, offices,
automobiles and wherever a vacuum cleaner with cleaning fluid
dispensing would be helpful. It is also useful where dirt removal
by an air blast rather than vacuum would be helpful, as it will be
seen that some of my claims are not limited to the use of vacuum. A
particular advantage of the construction described thus far is the
elimination of any electrical components from the housing to the
applicator member. This can be a considerable advantage in terms of
safety.
My invention readily lends itself to employment in establishments
such as "do-it-yourself" car wash operations. It can be used in a
"vacuum-only" or in a "vacuum-shampoo" mode. For this purpose, the
electrical arrangement of FIG. 5 is particularly useful, as it
lends itself to coin operation in response to mode selection in
accordance with the monetary value of the coin employed.
In FIG. 5, components which are the same as in FIG. 2 are provided
with the same reference numerals. Instead of the single toggle
switch to energize both the vacuum cleaner motor and compressor
motor, FIG. 5 shows a normally open switch 91 and another normally
open switch 92, each of these switches being of the air-actuated
type. There is also shown a relay 93 having an operating coil 94
connected in parallel with the terminals of the compressor motor so
that, whenever the compressor motor is energized, so is the
operating coil for the relay. The bridging contactor 96 of the
relay is normally separated from the stationary contactors which
are connected across the terminals of switch 91.
For operation of the vacuum cleaner motor only, switch 91 is
closed. Energy is thereby provided from line plug 71, through
conductor 74, switch 91, and conductor 102 and the normally closed
contacts of switch 69 to the vacuum cleaner motor, the other
terminal of which is connected to the ground line 73.
For activation of both the compressor motor and the vacuum cleaner
motor, to enable not only the vacuum cleaning operation but also
generation and dispensing of foam when desired, switch 92 must be
closed. When this occurs, electrical energy from the line plug 71
through conductor 74 and switch 92 is applied through conductor 97
to the one terminal of the compressor motor, the other terminal of
which is returned through conductor 73. As the compressor motor is
energized, so is the relay operating coil which thereby bridges the
contacts thereof and connects electrical energy from conductor 74
through the bridging contact of the relay and thence to conductor
92 through switch 69 to the vacuum cleaner motor. Where the
switches 91 and 92 are air-actuated, switch 91 can be closed by
application of air through the actuator thereof in response to
insertion of a dime, for example, in a coin meter which responds
thereto to provide a pressure output to switch 91. Actuation of
switch 92 could be employed with a similar coin meter accepting a
quarter. This is just an example.
Typically in the employment of coin operation, some timing means
are used to limit the duration of operation of the equipment. Where
air operated coin metering is employed as suggested above,
appropriate bleed or other means can be employed to limit the
duration of application of air to the actuators for switches 91 and
92. Various mechanical or electrical coin metering can also be
employed to operate switches such as 91 and 92 in lieu of the air
actuation therefor.
It is conceivable that, in some instances one might wish to
dispense with the vacuum bleed control of foam dispensing, and
substitute a pressure control system. For this purpose and
referring to FIG. 6, the changes are limited to portions of the
diagram appearing to the right of the dashed line 105 in FIG. 2. In
this instance, it will be apparent that the pressure line 41 from
the compressor 52 is omitted as is the valve 44. A "T" fitting 106
is employed on the foam line 49 and connected to the actuator 68.
In this instance, the switch 69A is a normally open switch which is
closed upon pressure rise. The bleed line 46 of FIG. 2 is omitted
as is the bleed port 47, but a manual control valve having an
operating button 107 is employed in the foam supply line through
the nozzle. This valve 107 is operable to open or close the line
conveying the foam to the compensating chamber 56.
In the operation of this (direct manual control of foam)
embodiment, foam generation is the same as previously described.
However, the full pressure is always available in the line 49 to
the foam control valve 107 in the nozzle assembly. As long as this
valve is closed, full pressure will exist and be applied to the
actuator for switch 69A. Therefore, while foam is shut off from
being dispensed, the vacuum cleaner motor can be energized whenever
the toggle switch 72 is closed. When the button 107 is pressed to
open the foam line to the foam flow compensator, the pressure falls
in line 49 in an amount determined to a large extent by the setting
of the flow control 66 as well as the flow control 36 and 39 (FIG.
2), and releases pressure from the actuator 68 on switch 69A,
whereupon the switch 69A opens and the vacuum cleaner motor
stops.
FIG. 7 shows another possible modification. In this embodiment, an
electric switch of the normally closed type 112 is provided at the
nozzle, instead of the bleed port of FIG. 2. Thus the bleed line 46
is omitted from FIG. 7 as is the pressure line 41 and the air
controlled two-way valve 44 of FIG. 2. Instead a solenoid operated
two-way valve 113 is provided from the foam flow controller 66 to
the foam line 49. This valve is normally closed to preclude flow of
foam to the nozzle assembly. Instead of the air-actuated switch for
the vacuum cleaner motor, the switch 112 controls it and whenever
the switch 112 is closed in its normally closed condition and the
master toggle switch 72 is closed, the vacuum cleaner motor is
energized, as is the solenoid on valve 113, keeping this valve
closed. Whenever the push button 114 for switch 112 is pushed, thus
opening the switch, the vacuum cleaner motor is de-energized and
the solenoid is de-energized permitting valve 113 to open and
admitting foam through line 49 to the nozzle assembly.
Either the pressure system described with reference to FIG. 6 or
the electrical system described with reference to FIG. 7 for
controlling the dispensing of foam at the nozzle assembly, can be
adapted to the optional type of control discussed above with
reference to FIG. 5. Also it should be understood that the present
invention employs, to a very large extent, components which are
readily available and, in many instances, off-the-shelf items.
While the invention has been disclosed and described in some detail
in the drawings and foregoing description, they are to be
considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, as
other modifications may readily suggest themselves to persons
skilled in this art and within the broad scope of the
invention.
* * * * *