U.S. patent number 3,750,304 [Application Number 05/183,434] was granted by the patent office on 1973-08-07 for semi-recirculatory system for a clothes dryer.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Westinghouse Electric Corporation. Invention is credited to Jaffer T. Ghadiali.
United States Patent |
3,750,304 |
Ghadiali |
August 7, 1973 |
SEMI-RECIRCULATORY SYSTEM FOR A CLOTHES DRYER
Abstract
The invention provides a clothes dryer having a diverter means
in the exhaust duct so as to provide a recirculation of the exhaust
air back through the wet clothes during the early stages of the
drying cycle. After the temperature of the exhaust air has reached
a certain upper temperature, the diverter means moves to a
non-interfering position permitting the exhaust of air through the
exhaust duct of the dryer.
Inventors: |
Ghadiali; Jaffer T. (Mansfield,
OH) |
Assignee: |
Westinghouse Electric
Corporation (Pittsburgh, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
22672769 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/183,434 |
Filed: |
September 24, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
34/566;
34/131 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06F
58/20 (20130101); D06F 58/46 (20200201); D06F
2103/32 (20200201); D06F 2103/08 (20200201); D06F
2105/32 (20200201); D06F 2105/24 (20200201); D06F
2103/36 (20200201) |
Current International
Class: |
D06F
58/28 (20060101); D06F 58/20 (20060101); F26b
021/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;34/31,34,45,48,54,131 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Dority, Jr.; Carroll B.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A clothes dryer comprising means defining a drying chamber, an
air flow system for supplying air to and for discharging air from
said drying chamber, means for heating the air supplied to said
drying chamber, said air flow system including ductwork for
receiving air discharged from the drying chamber, said ductwork
comprising exhaust duct means for exhausting the discharged air,
and recirculating duct means for returning discharged air to said
drying chamber, diverter means disposed in said ductwork, said
diverter means having a first portion causing the air discharged
from the drying chamber to be exhausted through said exhaust duct
means and a second position for directing at least a portion of the
discharged air into said recirculating duct means, and diverter
actuating means operatively connected to said diverter means for
positioning said diverter means in either one of said first or
second positions, said diverter actuating means being responsive to
the temperature of the discharged air to position said diverter
means in said second position when said temperature is less than a
predetermined value, and to position said diverter means in said
first position when said temperature is above a predetermined
value.
2. A clothes dryer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said diverter
means comprises a damper.
3. A clothes dryer as claimed in claim 2, wherein said damper is
disposed in said exhaust duct means, and has an open position
corresponding to said first position, and an at least partially
closed position corresponding to said second position.
4. A clothes dryer as claimed in claim 2, wherein said diverter
actuating means comprises spring means biasing said diverter means
to one of said first or second positions, and electromagnetic
means, when energized, to position said diverter means, against the
bias at the spring means, to the other of said positions.
5. A clothes dryer as claimed in claim 4, wherein said
electromagnetic means is a solenoid.
6. A clothes dryer as claimed in claim 5, wherein said diverter
actuating means includes a thermostat for sensing the temperature
of air discharged from said drying chamber, said thermostat being
adapted to maintain said electromagnetic means deenergized while
the sensed temperature is below a predetermined value, and to
effect energization of said electromagnetic means when the sensed
temperature rises above a predetermined value.
7. A clothes dryer as claimed in claim 6, wherein said spring means
normally biases said diverter means to said second position and
said solenoid when energized moves said diverter means to said
first position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to clothes dryers and, more particularly,
relates to a clothes dryer having a recirculating system for the
air provided for drying purposes.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In domestic clothes drying units the drying function is achieved by
heating the air taken into the clothes dryer and then causing it to
pass through a suitable drum where the clothes to be dried are
tumbled to thereby intermix them with air and vaporize the moisture
within the clothes. This drying has been accomplished by
continuously taking fresh air into the dryer cabinet and then
heating it and passing it through the clothes holding drum and then
exhausting it outside the dryer cabinet or, alternately, by
utilizing a clothes drying cycle in which air is passed through the
heater, the wet clothes and then through a means which dehumidifies
the air so that it may be reheated for recirculation through the
damp clothes. The second of these methods is no longer utilized
very much since it unduly complicates the apparatus which must be
provided within the dryer to provide dryinG for the clothes. Thus,
the majority of dryers now on the market utilize a system wherein
fresh air is heated and then circulated through the clothes being
dried and then exhausted from the cabinet of the unit. Initially,
since the heating means within the dryer must not only heat the
outside fresh air but also wet clothes and the enclosure in which
they are housed, there is a time lag before a great deal of drying
is accomplished so that the total drying cycle can be of fairly
long duration.
In an attempt to avoid such a long time duration and in an attempt
to speed up the total drying operation, dryer systems have been
utilized in which the amount of air that is passed through the
clothes during initial drying is restricted so that the initial
temperature of the air entering the enclosure in which the clothes
are housed is somewhat higher to facilitate a quicker heating of
the clothes so that a proper drying temperature is more readily
reached. U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,569,515 and 2,970,383 show examples of
such a drying arrangement. Such an arrangement, however, loses the
sensible heat which is present in the air being exhausted from the
dryer cabinet, even though the total flow of air being exhausted is
considerably lower than previous dryer arrangements.
Accordingly, it would be advantageous to provide a dryer
arrangement in which the sensible heat remaining in the air that
had been initially utilized to dry and heat the damp clothes was
not lost by exhausting it from the dryer cabinet. Such, then, would
represent an extremely advantageous arrnagement since it would
reduce the total drying time, and the same would have wide utility
since it is fairly simple in operation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides a dryer having an additional duct contained
within the dryer cabinet which provides recirculation of drying air
back to the drum in which the clothes are retained. An exhaust duct
includes a damper which diverts air to the recirculating duct
during start-up of the drying cycle. Recirculating the heated air
back into the drum in which the clothes are contained yields a much
quicker temperature rise within the clothes than has heretofore
been obtained and, therefore, the temperature needed for the main
portion of the drying cycle for the clothes can be reached more
quickly. A thermostatic control, disposed in the exhaust system, is
provided for the damper so that when the air temperature of the
damp clothes reaches approximately 150.degree., the exhaust damper
goes to an open position so that the heavily moisture laden air can
be exhausted from the dryer cabinet and a continuous flow of fresh
air from outside moved inwardly to be heated and then passed
through the clothes containing drum to complete the drying cycle.
Due to the recirculation of initial intake air, a dryer is provided
having a drying cycle which considerably decreases the amount of
time heretofore experienced for the drying of clothes.
DRAWING DESCRIPTION
For a better understanding of the invention, reference may be had
to the preferred embodiment, exemplary of the invention, shown in
the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a dryer incorporating the
principles of my invention, partly in section, and showing the
exhaust and recirculating ducts;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust duct and the damper
operating arrangement; and
FIG. 3 is a simplified circuit diagram utilized in the practice of
my invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring specifically to FIG. 1, a dryer 10 includes a dryer
cabinet 11 that can be seen to include an access door 12 and a
clothes containing basket or drum 14. The dryer cabinet 11 also
includes a heater housing 16 containing a resistance heater element
18 which is circumferentially disposed within the heater housing
16. The resistance heater 18 thereby heats a flow of air which
passes through basket or drum 14 so as to dry clothes contained
therein.
The perforated inner door 20 at the front of clothes basket 14
provides for the discharge of air from the clothes basket so that
it may be lead downwardly through a collector discharge conduit 22.
A series of perforations 21 formed in perforated inner door 20 are
equidistantly spaced so as to provide for an air flow through the
basket that substantially encompasses the full cross-sectional area
of the drying basket 14 as air passes from the rear to the front of
the basket 14. Entrance air to be supplied to the drying basket 14
enters at the front of the dryer cabinet 11 substantially as
indicated by the arrow A and then flows backwardly past the edge of
the collector discharge conduit 22 as indicated by the dotted arrow
B and then enters circumferentially around the heater housing 16 as
indicated by the arrow C so as to be heated by the resistance
heater 18 and from thence it moves through a series of perforations
24 formed in the back side of the clothes dryer basket 14. The
perforations 24, of course, are spaced entirely over the back area
of the clothes drying basket 14 in a substantially equally spaced
relationship therebetween so as to provide the uniform flow path
for the flow of air moving toward the front of basket 14.
Air that enters the collector discharge conduit 22 is lead
downwardly within the dryer cabinet 11 so as to discharge air to a
fan means 25 which communicates with an exhaust conduit 26 that
extends from near the front of the dryer cabinet to the back
thereof. The fan means thereby provides the driving force for the
circulation of air within the dryer cabinet 11. Discharge conduit
26 exhausts air outwardly of the cabinet 11 to an exhaust port 28
located at the very rear of the cabinet 11.
Joined to the exhaust duct 26 adjacnt its connection with fan means
25 is recirculating duct 30, with this duct forming substantially a
"Y" connection with exhaust duct 26 to provide a fairly streamlined
flow path for air which passes into this duct. Recirculating duct
30 is connected at its rear and exhausts to a rectangular, upwardly
extending duct 32 which opens into heater housing 16. THe duct 32
extends upwardly at the very rear portion of dryer cavinet 11 so as
to easily communicate with the heater housing 16. Thus, any air
flow which moves downwardly through collector discharge conduit 22
and then flows into exhaust duct 26 and from thence to
recirculating duct 30, will pass upwardly into heater housing 16
and there again be heated by resistance heater 18 so as to pass
through perforations 24 and again heat the clothes in dryer basket
14 and evaporate a portion of the moisture contained in them.
In order to recirculate substantially all the air passing
downwardly through collector discharge conduit 22, a damper 34 is
positioned in the exhaust duct 26 so as to partially close off this
duct to air flow, so that substantially all the air discharged
downwardly through collector discharge conduit 22 passes into
recirculating duct 30. Referring now to FIG. 2, the exhaust duct 26
can be seen in cross-section with the damper 34 in a nonactive
position and with the mechanism for movement of this damper more
precisely illustrated.
The damper 34 is pivotally mounted within the duct 26 by a shaft 36
journaled in the duct 26 and with the damper 34 fixedly mounted on
the shaft so as to rotate with it. The outward extending rightward
end of the shaft 26 mounts a crank member 38 so that the crank
member 38 serves as a driving member to dirve the shaft 36 during
its rotation. A biasing means comprising a spring 40 extends
between a fixed bracket 42 mounted on the discharge conduit 26 and
a connection 44 mounted on and rotatable with the crank member 38.
Spring means 40 thereby resiliently biases damper member 34 in a
direction tending to close the damper 34 so as to provide for
recirculation of drying air within the dryer cabinet 11. In order
to open damper 34 so as to permit the circulating air to pass
downwardly through collector discharge conduit 22 and then
outwardly through exhaust port 28, the damper mechanism includes a
solenoid means 46 attached by a bracket means 48 or the like to the
discharge conduit 26 and attached to the crank member 38 by a
connection 45, with this connection taking the form, for example,
of a pivoted crank means so as to accommodate the rotational
movement of the crank member 38.
The solenoid means 46 includes a reciprocating plunger member 50.
As illustrated in FIG. 2, the solenoid plunger 50 is in its most
extended condition so that it has rotated damper 34 to its closed
position. An electromagnetic means 52 of solenoid means 46 when not
energized permits the solenoid plunger 50 to be telescopically
advanced due to the biasing effect of spring 40 which thereby moves
the damper 34 into a closed position within discharge conduit 26.
It can be easily seen from the foregoing description that the
discharge conduit 26 is substantially nOrmally closed relative to a
flow of air therethrough by the damper 34 and that this damper only
opens upon electrical actuation of the solenoid means 46 and the
concomitant movement of the solenoid plunger 50 telescopically
inwardly (towards the left in FIG. 2) to rotate the damper 34 into
an open position.
The operation of my invention now can be easily understood with
particular reference to FIG. 3 which shows a simple control system
for the operation of a dryer having a recirculation of drying air.
A three lead power supply line including lines L.sub.1, L.sub.2 and
neutral N with 240 volts being present between lines L.sub.1 and
L.sub.2 and 120 volts being present between either of these lines
and neutral N are provided for attachment to the circuitry which
actuates the dryer 10.
A sequence control timer 54, including contacts 56, 58 and 60, is
attached to the L.sub.1 side of the source of electrical supply so
that engagement of th contacts 58 or 60 with the contact 56 will
provide a flow of electrical energy to these two contacts. contact
58 of the sequence control timer is attached to a lead 62 which
extends to a door switch 64 that is closed when the access door 12
of the dryer 10 is closed. Door switch 64, in turn, is attached to
a lead 66 that extends to a thermal overload protector 68 of a
motor 27 that drives fan means 25. Overload protector 68 is
electrically connected to a main winding 70 of the motor 27 and
also to a start winding 72 thereof, with both of these windings
being in parallel and connected through to the neutral side N of
the power supply by a lead 74. By this arrangement then, a circuit
is completed from the L.sub.1 side of the power supply to the
netural N side thereof for energization of the electric motor 27
which drives the fan means 25 and thereby provides a forced flow of
air through the dryer basket 14.
Energization of the resistance heater means 18 for the dryer 10 is
accomplished by a lead 76 which extends from the L.sub.2 side of
the power supply and is connected to the centrifugal switch 78 of
the motor which, in turn, is connected to another lead 80 that
extends to and is in electrical connection with the resistance
heater 18. The opposite side of the resistance heater 18 is
connected to the L.sub.1 side of the electrical supply source
through a lead 81, a safety thermostat 82 which functions to open
at approximately 180.degree. and interrupt the power supply to the
heater 18 due to an abnormal overheated condition within the dryer
10 and a normally closed regular heat thermostat 84 that is
designed to open at above 160.degree. so as to serve as the normal
upper temperature limiting means for the operating temperature of
the air which passes out of the dryer basktt 14. The safety
thermostat is located on the upper right side of the heater HSG 16.
Regular heat thermostat 84 is located (not shown) on the front
baffle 29. Safety thermostat 82 is connected on the other side by
lead 83 to the regular heat thermostat. Regular heat thermostat 84
is connected at its opposite side to a lead 86 that extends to and
is an electrical connection with the contact 60 which, as
previously set-out, is in electrical contacting abutment with
contact 56 of sequence control timer 54. Heater 18 is thereby
connected across the L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 sides of the power supply
source so as to provide 240 volts electrical potential thereto for
rapid heating of the air which passes into the dryer basket 14.
The diverter solenoid means 46 receives its electrical potential by
means of the lead 74 connected to the neutral side N of the power
supply and extending to a lead 88 in electrical connection with one
side of the electromagnetic means 52 of the diverter solenoid means
46. At its other side, the electromagnetic means 52 is connected to
a lead 90. The lead 90, at its rightward end, is connected to one
side of a selector switch 92 which serves as the actuating means
for the recirculation of air. The selector switch 92, at its
opposite side, is connected to an exhaust regulation thermostat 94
through a lead 96. This thermostat is normally open and is set to
close at approximately 150.degree. F. and then to open again above
a temperature of approximately 100.degree. F. It is physically
located in the same area as the thermostat 84. A lead 98 extends
from the opposite side of this thermostat to place the thermostat
94 and diverter solenoid means 46 in electrical connection, with
the lead 86 extending to the contact 60 of sequence control timer
54. This circuit arrangement places the diverter solenoid means 46
and exhaust regulating thermostat 94 across the power supply
between the neutral N and L .sub.1 sides thereof.
A timer motor 100 is also provided across the power supply between
the neutral N and L.sub.1 sides thereof by means of a lead 102
attached to and in electrical connection with the neutral N side
and a lead 104 extending from the opposite side of the timer motor
100 and in electrical connection with contact 58 of the sequence
timer control. Timer motor 100 is actuated when the contacts 56 and
58 are in abutting condition and operates to control the total
length of the cycle for drying for the dryer 10 by moving the
contacts 58 and 60 out of physical engagement with 56 at a
predetermined point in time when it is desired to cease the
operation of dryer 10.
The operation of my invention can now be easily described.
Initiation of a clothes drying cycle places the contacts 58 and 60
into electrical contact with the contact 56 of sequence control
timer 54 so as to place the contacts 58 and 60 at the L.sub.1
potential. With these contacts energized, timer motor 100 is
actuated and the main and start windings 70 and 72 of the electric
motor 27 start the motor so as to provide a positive flow of air
through the fan means 25 which circulates air through the clothes
drying basket 14. Centrifugal switch 78 is closed with the motor at
operating speed so that the heater 18 is actuated to heat the
circulating air.
The solenoid plunger 50 of solenoid means 46 is in its normally
outside, telescoped position as urged by spring means 40 so that
the majority of the air circulating within the clothes basket 14 is
recirculated through recirculating duct 30 with only a small
portion thereof passing past the damper 34. This conserves and
saves a large portion of the sensible heat which has been added to
this air through the heater member 18 and that has not been removed
by the wet clothes. Heating and drying of the clothes in clothes
dryer basket 14 continues until the temperature of the air being
discharged from this basket reaches approximately 150.degree., at
which time exhaust regulator thermostat 94 closes energizing the
electromagnetic means 52 of the diverter solenoid 46 to move the
damper 34 to an open position so that nearly all the air passing
through collector discharge conduit 22 is discharged outwardly
through exhaust port 28.
The maximum extraction rate is now achieved and maximum discharge
of moisture occurs through exhaust port 28. Conditioning of the
clothes is now regulated through the cycling of the regular heat
thermostat. The temperature of the air through the basket 14
continues to rise until a temperature approximating 160.degree. is
reached at which time the regular heat thermostat 84 opens breaking
the circuit between the L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 sides of the power
supply and deenergizing the resistance heater 18.
The regular heat thermostat 84 may then again cycle a number of
times, dependent entirely upon the amount of moisture remaining in
the clothes contained in dryer basket 14. This cycling continues
until the temperature of the clothes in the dryer basket 14 begins
final cooling due to timer motor 100 moving sufficiently forward in
its cycle to open the contacts 60 relative to the contact 56 in
abutment with contact 58. The contact 58 is, of course, maintained
in electrical contact with contact 56 for a period of time of
sufficient duration so that the motor 27 may provide a continuous
flow of air through the drying basket 14 to provide additional
drying and some cooling to the dry clothes contained in dryer
basket 14.
It should be obvious to one skilled in the art that the described
invention provides all the advantages set forth for it in the
beginning portion of the specification and, further, that many
modifications might be made in the invention that would still fall
within the spirit and scope of the description offered.
* * * * *