U.S. patent number 3,750,288 [Application Number 05/251,786] was granted by the patent office on 1973-08-07 for orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly.
Invention is credited to Fay H. Culbreth.
United States Patent |
3,750,288 |
Culbreth |
August 7, 1973 |
ORTHODONTIC ARCH WIRE BRACKET ASSEMBLY
Abstract
An orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly for attachment to a
tooth band for receiving an elongate arch wire and being
characterized by a two-piece assembly which is easy to assemble and
disassemble and eliminates the use of conventional tie wires, pins
and by-pass clamps. The bracket assembly includes a body member for
attachment to a tooth band and having first and second post members
extending from the front surface of the body member and protruding
outwardly therefrom and being spaced apart to form an orthodontic
arch wire bracket receiving channel therebetween. The bracket
assembly further includes a retaining member having means at each
end thereof for receiving the first and second post members for
assembly thereon in such a position that the retaining member spans
the channel for holding the arch wires therein. The assembly
further includes means for positioning the retaining members on the
post members so as to maintain the retaining member outwardly from
the body member for maintaining the channel to accommodate the arch
wire and means for maintaining the retaining member on the post
members.
Inventors: |
Culbreth; Fay H. (Charlotte,
NC) |
Family
ID: |
22953399 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/251,786 |
Filed: |
May 9, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
433/13;
433/21 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61C
7/12 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61C
7/00 (20060101); A61C 7/12 (20060101); A61c
007/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;32/14A |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Kinsey; Russell R.
Assistant Examiner: Lever; J. Q.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly for attachment to a
tooth band for receiving an elongate arch wire and being
characterized by a two-piece assembly which is easy to assemble and
disassemble and eliminates the use of conventional tie wire, pins
and by-pass clamps, said bracket assembly comprising:
a body member having a rear surface for attachment to the tooth
band and a front surface;
first and second post members each extending from said front
surface to said body member and protruding outwardly therefrom to
form outer free ends, said post members being spaced apart to form
a channel therebetween for receiving the orthodontic arch wire
therein;
an elongate retaining member having transversely-extending
aperature at each end thereof for receiving said first and second
post members for assembly thereon in such a position that said
retaining member spans said channel for holding the arch wire
therein;
means for positioning said retaining member on said post members so
as to maintain said retaining member outwardly from said body
member for maintaining said channel to accommodate the arch wire
therein; and
means for maintaining said retaining member on said post
members.
2. An orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly, as set forth in claim
1, in which said means for maintaining said retaining member on
said post members comprises a resilient, bifurcated end on one of
said post members which is slightly larger than said aperture in
said retaining means for converging together when said end of said
post member is received in said aperture of said retaining member
and for holding said retaining member on said post members by the
resilience of said bifurcated end of said post member.
3. An orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly, as set forth in claim
1, in which said bifurcated end on one of said post members
comprises glass reinforced nylon.
4. An orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly for attachment to a
tooth band for receiving an elongate arch wire and being
characterized by a two-piece assembly which is easy to assemble and
disassemble and eliminates the use of conventional tie wires, pins
and by-pass clamps, said bracket assembly comprising:
a body member having a rear surface for attachment to the tooth
band and a front surface;
first and second post members each extending from said front
surface of said body member and protruding outwardly therefrom to
form outer free ends, said post members being spaced apart to form
a channel therebetween for receiving the orthodontic arch wire
therein;
an elongate retaining member having means at each end thereof for
receiving said first and second post members for assembly thereon
in such a position that said retaining member spans said channel
for holding the arch wire therein;
means for positioning said retaining member outwardly from said
body member for maintaining said channel to accommodate the arch
wire therein and comprising a hollow sleeve extending transversely
inwardly from one side of said retaining member for being received
around one of said post members and thereby forming one surface on
said channel; and
means for maintaining said retaining member on said post
members.
5. An orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly, as set forth in claim
4, in which said post members and said retaining member are formed
from glass reinforced nylon and said body member is formed from
stainless steel.
6. An orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly, as set forth in claim
4, in which said retaining member includes means on one end thereof
for reception of elastic bands utilized in orthodontic tooth
correction.
7. An orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly, as set forth in claim
4, in which said body member defines a transversely-extending slot
extending from one side thereof for reception of orthodontic
uprighting springs therein.
8. An orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly, as set forth in claim
4, in which the surfaces forming said channel are generally
cylindrical for forming a channel for receiving arch wires having a
generally cylindrical cross-section.
9. An orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly, as set forth in claim
4, in which the surfaces forming said channel include a generally
flat surface for forming a channel for receiving arch wires having
a generally rectangular cross-section.
Description
This invention relates to an orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly
for attachment to a tooth band for receiving an elongate arch wire
and more specifically to such an assembly characterized by a
two-piece assembly which is easy to assemble and disassemble and
eliminates the use of conventional tie wires, pins and by-pass
clamps.
In orthodontics, the most common method of straightening teeth is
by the use of an arch wire which applies a force to a tooth to be
straightened by cooperation with a bracket secured to the tooth
through a tooth band. The arch wire is anchored to other teeth
through suitable brackets and is deflected so as to apply a light
force to the tooth to be straightened. The circumferential tooth
bands are cemented to the patient's teeth and these bands have
brackets spot-welded or otherwise secured to them. The brackets
form a channel for reception of an arch wire. This technique
requires that the arch wire fit in a channel that has close
dimensions to the arch wire itself, but is precise enough so that
the arch wire can slide freely with a minimum amount of friction
through the channel. The bracket must allow complete freedom of
tipping with a minimum of which is in the vertical plane and yet
maintain the tooth in the horizontal plane so as to correct
rotations of the teeth.
Heretofore, this has been accomplished by the use of tie wires,
pins and by-pass clamps which are placed into the brackets and form
a definite seat so that the channel is provided for reception of
the arch wire and the arch wire is held within the channel. These
tie wires, pins and by-pass clamps must be secured manually to the
brackets and bent to position on each tooth when a new wire is
placed in the bracket. When an arch wire is removed from the
bracket, the pin, tie wire or by-pass clamp must be straightened,
cut and forceably removed from the bracket. Both the assembly and
disassembly, as described above, are tedious processes and loose
tie wires, pins and by-pass clamps often become disassembled and
fall into the patient's mouth.
Accordingly, it is the object of this invention to provide a
two-piece arch wire bracket assembly which is easy to assemble and
disassemble and eliminates the use of conventional tie wires, pins
and by-pass clamps.
It has been found by this invention that the above object may be
accomplished by providing an orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly
comprising a body member having a rear surface for attachment to
the tooth band and a front surface, and first and second post
members each extending from the front surface of the body member
and protruding outwardly therefrom to form outer free ends. The
post members are spaced apart to form a channel therebetween for
receiving the orthodontic arch wire therein. The orthodontic arch
wire bracket assembly further includes an elongate retaining member
having means at each end thereof for receiving the first and second
post members for assembly thereon in such a position that the
retaining member spans the channel for holding the arch wire
therein. Means are provided for positioning the retaining member on
the post members so as to maintain the retaining member outwardly
from the body member for maintaining the channel to accommodate the
arch wire therein. Means are also provided for maintaining the
retaining member on the post members.
This improved orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly provides a
two-piece assembly which is preassembled and would be attached to
the tooth band in a one step or welding procedure. The bracket
assembly eliminates the need for using pins, tie wires and/or
by-pass clamps in engaging the arch wire in the bracket. The
bracket assembly allows the freedom of tooth movement with a one
point contact and is more durable and withstands deformation from
the forces of mastication. There is no removal of or replacement of
parts of the bracket assembly when making arch wire changes.
Some of the objects and advantages of the invention having been
stated, other objects and advantages will appear as the description
proceeds when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,
in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a group of teeth having the bracket
assembly of this invention thereon for receiving an orthodontic
arch wire;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged, exploded perspective view of the body member
and post members utilized in the bracket assembly of this
invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective composite view of the members of FIG.
2;
FIG. 4 is a further enlarged perspective view of the tooth band and
arch wire bracket assembly of this invention with the retaining
member of the assembly exploded;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a single tooth
illustrating the arch wire bracket assembly, tooth band and arch
wire therein;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken generally along the line
6--6 of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a view like FIG. 5 illustrating the use of an orthodontic
uprighting spring with the bracket assembly and arch wire;
FIG. 8 is a view like FIG. 4 illustrating an alternative form of
the arch wire bracket assembly utilized for arch wires having a
generally rectangular cross-section; and
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken through the arch wire
bracket assembly of FIG. 8 in its assembled condition and with an
arch wire therein.
Referring now to the drawings, the orthodontic arch wire bracket
assembly of this invention is generally referred to by the
reference numeral 10. The arch wire bracket assembly 10 is secured
by spot-welding or otherwise to a tooth band 11 which fits around a
tooth T, as shown particularly in FIGS. 1, 5 and 7, for the
purposes described above.
The bracket assembly 10 comprises a body member 12 having a rear
surface 13 for attachment to the tooth band B by spot welding or
other attachment means (not shown) and a front surface 14. First
and second post members 16 and 17 extend from the front surface 14
of the body member 12 and protrude outwardly therefrom to form
outer free ends. The post members 16 and 17 are spaced apart to
form a channel 18 therebetween for receiving an arch wire W
therein.
It has been found by this invention that the body member 12 and
post members 16 and 17 may be conveniently constructed from a
commercial standpoint by forming the body member 12 of stainless
steel which may be stamped or otherwise formed into the particular
configuration illustrated in the drawing which provide a channel in
the rear surface 13 thereof. The post members 15 and 16 may be
formed of glass reinforced resilient nylon material which may be
extruded or otherwise formed with the post members 16 and 17
extending from a base portion which fits into the channel in the
back of the stainless steel body member so that the post members 16
and 17 extend through apertures in the body member 12 for extending
from the front surface 14 of the body member and protruding
outwardly therefrom. The post members 16 and 17 and their base are
held within the body member 12 by a forced friction fit or
otherwise secured therein to form a one-piece body member with
protruding post members.
At least one of the post members 16, 17 includes an outer
bifurcated end for purposes to be described below.
The bracket assembly 10 further comprises an elongate retaining
member 30 which includes transversely-extending apertures 31 and 32
for receiving the ends of the respective first and second post
members 16 and 17 for assembly on the post members in such a
position that the retaining member spans the channel 18 for holding
the arch wire W therein. The retaining member 30 further includes a
hollow sleeve 33 extending transversely inwardly from the retaining
member 30 and from the aperture 31 so that the sleeve 33 fits over
the first post member 16 and forms on surface defining the channel
18 and spaces the retaining member 30 outwardly from the front
surface 14 of the body member 12 on the posts 16 and 17 so as to
leave the channel 18 open for receiving the arch wire W while
spanning the channel 18 to retain the arch wire W within the
channel 18.
The retaining member 30 is maintained in the above-described
position on the post members 16 and 17 by the bifurcated end of the
post member 16. The bifurcated portions of this end of the post
member 16 contract when received by the aperture 31 of the
retaining member 30 and due to their resilience form a forced fit
and hold the retaining member 30 thereon. The bifurcated end of the
post member 16 before reception of the retaining member 30 is
slightly larger than the aperture 31.
The bracket assembly 10 may also preferably include a
transversely-extending slot 40, as shown particularly in FIGS. 4
and 5, for receiving one end of an orthodontic uprighting spring
41, as illustrated in FIG. 7. The other end of the orthodontic
spring 41 is conventionally attached to the arch wire W for reasons
well known in orthodontics.
The form of the bracket assembly 10 illustrated specifically in
FIGS. 1-7 is primarily designed for use with an arch wire W having
a generally cylindrical cross-sectional shape and therefore the
surfaces defining the channel 18, i.e. the outside surface of the
sleeve 33 and the outside surface of the post member 17, are
generally cylindrical in shape for forming an arch wire receiving
channel 18 having rounded surfaces.
The form of the orthodontic arch wire bracket assembly 10
illustrated specifically in FIGS. 8 and 9 is primarily designed for
use with an arch wire W having a generally rectangular
cross-sectional shape and therefore the surfaces defining the
channel 18, i.e. the surface of the sleeve 33 and the outside
surface of the post member 17, are generally flat for providing an
arch wire receiving channel 18 having flat surfaces.
The bracket assembly 10 may also include means on one end of the
retaining member 30 for reception of elastic bands commonly used in
orthodontic tooth correction. In the form of the retaining member
illustrated in FIGS. 1-7, the retaining member is somewhat
elongated and extends beyond the aperture 31 for forming an outer
extension 36 for the reception of the elastic band. Alternatively,
instead of the extension 36 shown on the retaining member 30 of
FIGS. 1-7, the means for receiving elastic bands may be in the form
of winged sections 37 which protrude outwardly from each side of
one end of the retaining member 30, as shown in FIG. 8, for the
reception of elastic bands.
Thus, it may be seen that this invention has provided orthodontic
arch wire bracket assemblies which are characterized by a two-piece
assembly which is easy to assemble and disassemble and eliminates
the use of conventional tie wires, pins and by-pass clamps. While
specific embodiments of a two-piece arch wire bracket assembly in
accordance with this invention have been illustrated, it is to be
understood that other specific assemblies may be constructed
utilizing the novel concepts of this invention.
In the drawings and specification there have been set forth
preferred embodiments of this invention and, although specific
terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive
sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
* * * * *