U.S. patent number 3,749,277 [Application Number 05/194,141] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-31 for closure having improved resistance to unseating.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Phillips Petroleum Company. Invention is credited to Alfred W. Kinney.
United States Patent |
3,749,277 |
Kinney |
July 31, 1973 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
CLOSURE HAVING IMPROVED RESISTANCE TO UNSEATING
Abstract
A closure is provided with a retention bead structure for
engaging a corresponding bead retention groove in a packaging
container. At least a portion of the surface of the upper portion
of the retention bead structure which contacts the upper portion of
the bead retention groove is provided with a rough texture to
increase the coefficient of friction thereof, thereby increasing
the resistance of the closure against unseating after the closure
has been inserted into the container. The coefficient of friction
of the lower portion of the retention bead structure can be
significantly lower than the coefficient of friction of the upper
portion thereof to minimize resistance against the insertion of the
closure into the container.
Inventors: |
Kinney; Alfred W. (Kansas City,
MO) |
Assignee: |
Phillips Petroleum Company
(Bartlesville, OK)
|
Family
ID: |
22716452 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/194,141 |
Filed: |
November 1, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
220/785; 215/321;
220/787; 220/789 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
43/021 (20130101); B65D 2543/00092 (20130101); B65D
2543/00296 (20130101); B65D 2543/0062 (20130101); B65D
2543/00555 (20130101); B65D 2543/00731 (20130101); B65D
2543/00537 (20130101); B65D 2543/00796 (20130101); B65D
2543/00027 (20130101); B65D 2543/00509 (20130101); B65D
2543/00685 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
43/02 (20060101); B65d 043/10 (); B65d
005/64 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/6R,42B,42C ;215/49
;229/43 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Rothberg; Samuel B.
Assistant Examiner: Shoop; Allan N.
Claims
I claim:
1. In a closure for a container having a bead retention groove
disposed in the wall thereof, said closure comprising a diaphragm,
a side wall extending generally upwardly from the periphery of said
diaphragm and a rim extending generally outwardly from the upper
extent of said side wall, said side wall having forward therein an
outwardly directed, inwardly opening retention bead structure
adapted to snap into the bead retention groove of the container to
releasably secure the closure to the container by the engagement of
the upper portion of said retention bead structure against the
upper portion of the bead retention groove of the container, the
improvement comprising at least a portion of the outer surface of
the upper portion of the retention bead structure which contacts
the upper portion of the bead retention groove of the container
being textured to increase the coefficient of friction thereof, the
coefficient of friction of the textured portion of the retention
bead structure being significantly higher than the coefficient of
friction of the surface of the lower portion of the retention bead
structure.
2. A closure in accordance with claim 1 the closure having been
fabricated by thermoforming a sheet of synthetic organic
thermoplastic material in a polished female mold, the portion of
the mold which forms the upper portion of the retention bead
structure having been sandblasted to provide a rougher surface
texture for said upper portion of the retention bead structure than
for the remainder of the closure.
3. A closure in accordance with claim 1 wherein said upper portion
of the retention bead structure has a grainy texture, and the lower
portion of the retention bead structure has a glossy smooth surface
to minimize frictional resistance to the insertion of the closure
into the container.
4. A package comprising a closure in accordance with claim 1 and
further comprising a container having a bottom wall, an upstanding
side wall extending generally upwardly and outwardly from the
periphery of said bottom wall, a rim forming the mouth of the
container, and a ring section extending generally upwardly from the
upper extent of said upstanding side wall to said rim and having a
circumferentially continuous outwardly directed, inwardly opening
retention groove formed therein, said ring section also having an
upwardly and outwardly extending camming wall section between said
bead retention groove and said rim adapted to serve as a centering
guide for said closure upon the contact of the lower portion of
retention bead structure of the closure therewith, the outer
diamter of the outermost portion of said retention bead structure
being greater than the inner diameter of the lower end of said
camming wall section and the innermost diameter of the upper
portion of said bead retention groove and less than the inner
diameter of the upper end of said camming wall section and the
inner diameter of the laterally adjacent portion of said bead
retention groove.
5. A package in accordance with claim 4 wherein said container and
said closure have substantially circular horizontal cross-sections,
and wherein the textured portion of said retention bead structure
is at least substantially circumferentially continuous.
Description
This invention relates to improvements in closures and in packages
utilizing such closures with containers.
One of the greatest uses of thermoformed containers and closures is
for the packaging of cottage cheese which has been coated with a
cream dressing. When the containers are filled with the cottage
cheese, a portion of this dressing spatters into the closure
retention groove of the container, thereby reducing the coefficient
of friction of the wall of the closure retention groove. It is
generally customary to fill the containers to the point where there
will be little or no air space between the product and the closure,
since air causes oxidation of the product. This frequently results
in the container being slightly overfilled. When the closure is
applied to such an overfilled container, the cottage cheese curd is
slightly compressed, causing a buildup of pressure in the
container. This excess pressure is a primary cause of closures
popping off containers during handling and shipping. Although such
closures have been fabricated with venting grooves in the retention
bead of the closure for the purpose of venting gases, such venting
grooves are ineffective with respect to the pressure caused by
compressed product. In addition, such venting grooves do not
contribute to the force which retains the closure in the container,
but rather detracts therefrom due to a reduction in contact area
and an increase in the flexibility of the closure.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an
improved closure for a packaging container. Another object of the
invention is to increase the retentive force on a closure
releasably secured in a container. A further object of the
invention is to decrease the frequency of occurrence of
thermoformed closures popping off of containers which have been
slightly overfilled. Other objects, aspects and advantages of the
invention will be apparent from a study of the specification, the
drawings and the accompanying claims.
In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered
that the disadvantages of the prior art can be avoided and the
desired objectives achieved by providing a rough texture on at
least a portion of the surface of the upper portion of the
retention bead structure of the closure which contacts the upper
portion of the wall ofthe bead retention groove of the container.
In a presently referred embodiment, an at least substantially
circumferentially continuous band of grainy texture is formed on
the upper portion of the retention bead structure of a thermoformed
closure by sandblasting the corresponding portion of the female
mold. It is hightly desirable that the coefficient of friction of
the lower portion of the retention bead structure be significantly
less than that of the upper portion of the retention bead structure
to minimize resistance against the insertion of the closure into
the container while maximizing the resistance against unseating of
the closure.
In the drawings,
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a container and closure
constructed in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the closure and container of FIG.
1;
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the closure of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along line 4--4
in FIG. 2.
Referring now to the drawings in detail, and to FIGS. 1 and 4 in
particular, the package 10 comprises a packaging container or cup
11 and a closure 12. The container 11 is a one-piece integral
structure, and can be fabricated by thermoforming a sheet of
thermoplastic material. Container 11 comprises a bottom wall 13 of
any suitable configuration; a circumferentially continuous sidewall
14 extending upwardly and outwardly from the periphery of bottom
wall 13; stacking ring 15; and rim 16. Where container 11 has
substantially circular horizontal cross-sections, sidewall 14 will
have a substantially frusto-conical configuration. The rim 16 can
be in the form of a rolled rim having at least 270.degree.
curvature, as illustrated, or a generally U-shaped configuration
can be utilized. Stacking ring 15 comprises flange 17, closure
retention groove section 18, spacer section 19, and upper stacking
shoulder 21. Annular flange 17 is circumferentially continuous and
extends outwardly in a substantially horizontal direction from the
upper extent of sidewall 14 to the lower extent of closure
retention groove 18. Spacer section 19 is circumferentially
continuous and extends substantially vertically from the upper
extent of closure retention groove section 18 to the inner extent
of upper stacking shoulder 21. In the illustrated container 11, the
spacer section 19 has a substantially cylindricll configuration,
and closure retention groove sectiofn 18 is circumferentially
continuous and is in the form of an inwardly opening, outwardly
directed, concavely contoured wall section extending substantially
vertically from the outer periphery of flange 17 to the lower edge
of spacer section 19. The lower portion of groove section 18 serves
as the lower stacking shoulder. The upper stacking shoulder 21
curves outwardly and upwardly from the upper extent of spacer
section 19 to rim 16. The inner diameter of spacer section 19 is
less than the outer diameter of groove section 18 while the inner
diameter of rim 16 is greater than the outer diameter of groove
section 18.
Closure 12 is a one-piece thermoformed structure having horizontal
cross-sections corresponding at least generally to the horizontal
cross-sections of the upper portion of container 11. Where
container 11 has a generally frusto-conical configuration, closure
12 has substantially circular horizontal cross-sections. Closure 12
comprises a closure disc or diaphragm 22, a retention bead 23,
upwardly and outwardly sloping wall section 24, rim 25 and
depending flange or skirt 26. Disc 22 is illustrated as being
planar, but can be bowed upwardly or dished downwardly and/or
provided with an annular expansion groove, if desired. In the
illustrated closure, the retention bead 23 is an inwardly opening,
outwardly directed, concavely shaped groove section extending
generally upwardly from the periphery of disc 22 to the lower
extent of wall section 24. Other outwardly directed inwardly
opening configurations can be employed for the retention bead, for
example, a vertical wall section extending upwardly from the outer
periphry of a horizontal flange to the lower edge of an upwardly
and inwardly inclined surface. The horizontal flange can be an
extention of disc 22 or vertically spaced therefrom. The upwardly
and inwardly inclined surface can be a frusto-conical surface or a
curved surface.
Retention bead 23 can be interrupted at circumferentially spaced
locations by a plurality of inwardly directed, outwardly opening
notches or venting grooves 27. Each notch 27 will generally be
disposed with the elongated axis thereof in a substantially
vertical plane. The innermost wall portion of each notch 27 can
extend outwardly and inwardly from wahl section 24 to a point on
disc 22 which has a significantly smaller diameter than the inner
diameter of flange 17. Wall 24 of closure 12 can be spaced inwardly
from the wall formed by spacer section 19 and stacking shoulder 21
of container 11 to form a continuous annular space 28. The upper
portion of each notch 27 opens into the annular space 28. This
provides continuous fluid access between the annular space 28 and
the packaging space 29 within wall 14 of co1tainer 11 below disc
22.
Stacking lugs 31 can be provided in the circumfrrentially spaced
positions in sidewall 24. Stacking lugs 31 are generally inwardly
directed, outwardly opening embossments. Each of the illustrated
lugs 31 has a substantially vertical or upwardly and slightly
inwardly inclined backwall 32, a generally horizontal shoulder 33,
and substantially vertical sidewalls 34. Shoulder 33 extends
outwardly in a generally horizontal direction from the upper extent
of the back or inner wall 32 to wall 24. Shoulder 33 can be curved
outwardly and upwardly in conformance with the contour of the lower
portion of bead 23 for purposes of stacking one closure upon
another.
Upon insertion of closure 12 into container 11, bead 23 cams
inwardly on the curved upper shoulder 21 and then snaps into the
closure retention groove 18. Notches 27 permit continuous outflow
of air from the interior of the package during the insertion of
closure 12 into container 11 thereby preventing a buildup of
excessive gas pressure in the package during the capping operation.
The upper outer surface of bead 23 contacts the inner surface of
the upper portion of retention groove 18 along a band of contact
35. This band of contact 35 is circumferentially continuous excpet
in the area of the venting grooves 27. In accordance with the
present invention, at least a portion 30 of the outer surface of
the upper portion of bead 23 which is involved in the band of
contact 35 is provided with a rough texture to significantly
increase the coefficient of friction thereof. Preferably the
portion 30 includes all of the surface of bead 23 involved in the
band of contact 35. Although the roughtly textured portion 30 can
be produced by any technique known in the art, a presently
preferred procedure involves thermoforming a sheet of synthetic
organic thermoplastic material in a famale mold to produce the
closure, the portion of the mold which forms the upper portion of
the retention bead structure having a rough surface while the
remainder of the mold surface is polished. One suitable procedure
for providing the rough surface portion of the mold is sandblasting
that area. The lower surface of the resulting thermoformed closure
will have a glossy smooth finish except for portion 30 which will
have a grainy texture. The glossy smooth finish on the lower
portion of bead 23 minimizes frictional resistance to the insertion
of closure 12 into container 11, whereas the rough texture of
portion 30 significantly increases the resistance of the closure 12
to being popped out of the container 11. The employment of a single
treating operation on the mold has obvious advantages over
techniques which involve individual treatment of each closure.
While sandblasting is a presently preferred technique for providing
a rough mold surface, other techniques can be employed, for
example, etching, grinding or cutting grooves or other
indentations, and the like.
The underside or rim 25 can contact the top of container rim 16 at
point 36. This results from the formation of closure 12 in such a
manner that the distance between points 35 and 36 in the unstressed
closure is less than the distance between points 35 and 36 on the
uncapped container. Thus, the upper portion of bead 23, wall 24 and
rim 25 can act as a C-clamp to grip the mating surfaces of
container 11 to thereby removably secure closure 12 to the
container 11. The C-clamp configuration also increases the
resistance of the closure 12 to undesired removal from container
11. The contact of closure rim 25 and container rim 16 can be
circumferentially continuous to serve as a seal for the capped
container. This provides sanitary conditions for the entire
interior of the container.
Closure 12 can be provided with a plurality of circumferentially
spaced venting cams 37, bridging rim 25 and depending flange 26.
Cams 37 project inwardly from flange 26 and downwardly from rim 25
to form a camming surface which is inclined downwardly at an acute
angle to the horizontal reference. The cams 37 are preferably
positioned at least closely adjacent the outwardly and downwardly
curving portion of rim 16, and camming contact therebetween occurs
during venting of the package. Preferably this contact is made in
the first 45.degree. of curvature of rim 16 outwardly and
downwardly from the horizontal.
While the invention has been illustrated with the container and
clousre having substantially circular horizontal cross-sections,
other configurations can be utilized, for example, oval,
rectangular with at least the corners being rounded and more
preferably with the side being bowed outwardly, and the like. Other
reasonable variations and modifications are possible within the
scope of the foregoing disclosure, the drawings and the appended
claims to the invention.
* * * * *