U.S. patent number 3,749,244 [Application Number 05/120,541] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-31 for above-the-ground swimming pool.
Invention is credited to Frank Jannuzzi, Jr..
United States Patent |
3,749,244 |
Jannuzzi, Jr. |
July 31, 1973 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
ABOVE-THE-GROUND SWIMMING POOL
Abstract
A pool water-conditioning system for installation in an
above-the-ground swimming pool is capable of withdrawing water from
the pool through an outlet opening near the top of the pool and one
near the bottom of the pool, through each exclusively or through
both simultaneously, and of reintroducing the water into the pool
through an inlet opening near the top and one near the bottom,
through each exclusively or through both simultaneously. The wall
of the pool can be constructed with a panel element that is
interchangeable with other panel elements, each of which has
pre-formed openings for receiving the components of the pool
cleaning system.
Inventors: |
Jannuzzi, Jr.; Frank (North
Plainfield, NJ) |
Family
ID: |
22390959 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/120,541 |
Filed: |
March 3, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
210/167.11;
4/490; 4/507; 210/206; 210/424 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04H
4/1209 (20130101); E04H 4/0043 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E04H
4/12 (20060101); E04H 4/00 (20060101); E04h
003/20 (); C02b 001/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;210/169,206,167,194 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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964,191 |
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Jul 1964 |
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GB |
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964,193 |
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Jul 1964 |
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GB |
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Primary Examiner: Zaharna; Samih N.
Assistant Examiner: Granger; T. A.
Claims
I claim:
1. An above-the-ground swimming pool comprising a structural pool
wall panel having a first pair of openings therein located
generally one above the other on a first generally vertical center
line, one such opening being adjacent the top of the panel, and the
other being adjacent the bottom of the panel, and a second pair of
openings located generally one above the other on a second
generally vertical center line spaced laterally from the first
center line, one of the second openings being located adjacent the
top of the panel and the other opening being located generally
adjacent the bottom of the panel, a skimmer mounted at the top
opening of the first pair to receive water with-drawn from the top
of the pool, conduit means associated with the first pair of
openings for receiving water from the pool through said first pair
of openings, pool water conditioning means coupled to said first
conduit means to receive water therefrom, said first conduit means
including a common branch connected to the pool water conditioning
means, a first branch connected from the common branch and to an
outlet from the skimmer and a second branch connected from the
common branch to the lower opening of the first pair, first valve
mean for selectively proportioning the flow of pool water through
the first and second branches of said first conduit means
selectively to withdraw water from the pool through each of the
first pair of openings individually or through both of said first
pair of openings simultaneously in an infinitely variable
proportion, second conduit means connected to the pool conditioning
means for returning water therefrom to the pool through the second
pair of openings and including a common branch connected to said
pool water conditioning means, a first branch connected to the
upper opening of the second pair and second branch connected to the
lower opening of the second pair, and second valve means for
selectively proportioning the flow of water through the first and
second branches of said second conduit means selectively to return
water to the pool from the pool water conditioning means through
each of said second pair of openings individually or through both
of said second pair of openings simultaneously in an infinitely
variable proportion.
2. An above-the-ground swimming pool in accordance with claim 1
wherein each of said first and second valve means is a single
three-way flow proportioning valve located at the juncture between
the common branch and the first and second branches of the
respective first and second conduit means.
3. An above-the-ground swimming pool according to claim 2 wherein
said first and second branches of both of said first and second
conduit means are axially aligned, and wherein the common branches
of both said first and second conduit means are axially
aligned.
4. An above-the-ground swimming pool in accordance with claim 1
wherein a flexible hose extends into the pool and one end of the
hose is connected to the inlet conduit located near thebot of the
pool wall, whereby the hose oscillates back and forth when water at
a sufficient velocity flows into the pool through the hose, thereby
agitating dirt lying on the bottom of the pool, the inlet valve
means regulating the amount of water flowing into the pool through
the flexible hose in relation to the total amount of water flowing
into the pool.
5. An above-the-ground swimming pool in accordance with claim 1 and
further comprising chlorinating means, said chlorinating means
including a porous container with at least one compartment disposed
in one of the conduits of the first conduit and thus in the path of
flow of the withdrawn water, the compartment being capable of
receiving a quantity of chlorine dissolvable by the water.
6. An above-the-ground swimming pool in accordance with claim 5
wherein the chlorinating means includes a receptacle disposed in
the skimmer housing below the normal water level therein and in
communication with the water passing through the skimmer housing,
and at least one body of slow-dissolving, chlorine-containing
material received in the receptacle.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to above-the-ground swimming pools and, more
particularly, conditioning equipment used in conjunction with such
pools, especially those having interchangeable panels with
pre-formed openings to accommodate the equipment.
Conventionally, above-the-ground swimming pools comprise an outer
structural wall which extends entirely around the perimeter of the
pool and which is formed of sheet material, ususlly of corrugated
metal, fiberglass, or the like. An inner liner is porvided which is
formed of a plastic or other water-impermeable material and is
positioned within the outer wall. The inner liner holds the water
while the outer wall provides basic support for the water-filled
liner. Vertical columns located at a suitable spacing outside the
pool wall support the upper rim of the pool.
The water in above-the-ground pools, as in any type of swimming
pool, must be cleaned and disinfected on a regular basis, and many
types of filtering and chlorinating systems have been developed
which are adaptable for use with above-the-ground pools. Some
systems simply utilize a hose or conduit that is dropped over the
pool wall and into the pool water. This simple system has the
disadvantages of being unsightly and very vulnerable to damage by
swimmers using the pool. Moreover, in this type of system a head
loss frequently occurs in the pump which results in the need to
prime the pump to maintain operation of the system.
Other types of cleaning and disinfectant apparatuses have been
developed for use with above-the-ground pools, but they normally
perform a limited number of operations and are not totally
effective for proper conditioning of the pool water. Many systems
are designed mainly for portability and sometimes sacrifice
effectiveness for low-cost adaptability to the above-the-ground
type pool. Moreover, most systems must be operated in a particular
manner and do not provide for the various optional forms of
cleaning and conditioning operations that can be very useful in
maintaining the pool water in top condition.
In most types of pool water-conditioning systems the components are
attached to openings which pass through the pool wall and inner
liner. The openings, however, sometimes weaken the portion of the
pool wall in which they are located, and it may be necessary that
the entire wall be fabricated from a material of a greater
thickness just to accommodate the openings which are located in
only a small portion of the wall. This can signigicantly increase
the cost of the pool.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
As a workable and practical solution to the problem mentioned
above, there is provided, in accordance with the invention, an
above-the-ground swimming pool that has a structural pool wall
formed of sheet material extending around the entire perimeter of
the pool, or, in an alternative embodiment, around a substantial
portion of the perimeter, the pool wall including a plurality of
openings formed in it to accommodate components of pool
water-conditioning equipment. The openings include at least two
outlet openings through which water can be withdrawn from the pool,
one outlet opening being located near the top of the pool wall and
another outlet opening being located near the bottom of the pool
wall. An outlet conduit is connected to each outlet opening, the
outlet conduits joining a common conduit. A valve is associated
with the outlet conduits for selectively withdrawing water from the
pool through each opening individually or through all the openings
simultaneously. The openings further include at least two inlet
openings through which water can be reintroduced into the pool, one
inlet opening being located near the bottom. An inlet conduit is
connected to each inlet opening, the inlet conduits joining a
common conduit. An inlet valve is associated with the inlet
conduits for selectively introducing water into the pool through
each inlet opening individually or through all the inlet openings
simultaneously.
One of the outlet conduits can be connected to a chlorinating
device, with the valve regulating the amount of withdrawn pool
water flowing through the chlorinating device in accordance with
the total amount of water being withdrawn from the pool. In this
manner, the level of pool chlorination is, in part, regulated by
the valve. The chlorinating device preferably includes a perforated
basket having one or more compartments in the path of flow of the
withdrawn pool water and is for receiving a chlorine stick.
There can also be provided, in accordance with the invention, a
flexible hose extending into the pool and having one end connected
to the inlet conduit located near the bottom of the pool wall. The
hose oscillates back and forth when water at a sufficient velocity
flows into the pool through the hose, thereby agitating dirt lying
in the bottom of the pool. With the provision of such a hose, the
inlet valve can be adjusted to regulate the amount of water flowing
into the pool through the hose in a manner providing a desired
level of oscillation or "whipping" of the hose along the pool
bottom.
In the alternative embodiment mentioned above, the main structural
pool wall can include a pool wall component with vertical ends
spaced apart from each other and a removable structural pool wall
panel bridging the space between the ends and in which the inlet
and outlet openings are formed. The main wall component has no
opening, but the panel includes a plurality of openings formed to
accommodate the components of the pool water-conditioning equipment
described above. The panel is interchangeable with other panels so
that if it becomes broken or worn it can easily be replaced without
having to purchase an entire new wall.
Because of the inherent structural weakening of the panel caused by
the presence of the holes, the thickness of the sheet material
forming the panel is preferably greater than that of the sheet
material forming the main structural pool wall. To enable the panel
to be quickly and easily removed or inserted, adjoining edges of
the panel and structural pool wall are hooked and joined by a
coupling element.
Among the advantages of the invention are the versatility and
relatively simple operation of the water conditioning system
described above which can effectively clean and chlorinate the pool
water and reintroduce it into the pool in an effective manner by
relatively simple adjustments.
As discussed above, when an interchangeable panel is provided, the
remainder of the structural pool wall can be formed of material of
a lesser thickness without weakening the portion of the pool wall
where the openings are located, thereby reducing construction costs
of the pool.
In addition, occasionally during installation, the installer does
not form a sufficiently tight fit between the components of the
pool water conditioning system and the pool wall at the openings
and leakage occurs around them. Such leakage causes corrosion and
possible ultimate failure of the wall at the openings. By having
the holes located in the interchangeable panels, just that panel
would have to be replaced and not the entire pool wall if corrosion
does occur.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
For a better understanding of the invention, reference may be had
to the following description of an exemplary embodiment, taken in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an above-the-ground swimming pool
constructed in accordance with the invention, selected portions
being broken away for clear illustration;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the panel element and the pool
water-conditioning system of FIG. 1, the view being on a larger
scale than that in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is a top view in section of the panel element il4ustrated in
FIG. 2 and portions of the components of the pool
water-conditioning system.
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 indicates generally
an above-the-ground swimming pool embodying the invention. The pool
10 comprises an outer structural wall component 12 formed of a
rigid material, such as corrugated sheet metal (see FIG. 3), and an
inner liner 14 formed of a flexible plastic film or other suitable
water-impermeable material. The outer edge of the inner liner 14
overlaps the upper edge of the outer wall 12 and is attached to it
by means of a coping 16. The inner liner 14 is the element of the
pool structure that contains the water while the outer wall 12
provides the beeded back-up support for the liner. The pool 10 also
includes an upper deck or seat 18 and vertical column supports 20
that back up the wall and carry any loads imposed on the deck 18. A
bottom rail 22 extends around the lower perimeter of the wall 12
and maintains the shape of the bottom of the pool 10.
The outer wall 12 is composed of one or more gain wall sections 26
and can extend the entire perimeter of the pool 10, or the wall 12
can have an interchangeable panel 24, which has a number of
pre-formed openings in it to accommodate the water-conditioning
system. The main wall section 26 may be formed of a single sheet of
rigid material, or of more than one sheet, as shown in FIG. 1.
Where two or more separate sheets make up the main wall section,
they are joined at their adjoining vertical edges by any of a
number of types of suitable connectors. A simple and effective
connection is provided by bending the edges of the sheets to be
joined into a hooked or j-shaped flange 30 and by sliding a
c-shaped coupling element 32 over the adjoining j flanges, as
illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3.
As mentioned above, an interchangeable panel 24 can be provided
which has a number or pre-formed openings, the panel 24 being
preferably formed of a rigid material that is of a heavier gauge
than that of the main wall section 26, if a similar material is
used, because the openings tend to weaken the panel element 24.
Now, referring to FIG. 2, the components of the novel and improved
watre-conditioning system are attached to the panel elemt 24.
Reference numeral 36 designates a skimmer that is attached to a
rectangular, relatively large outlet opening 38, which is one of
two openings through which water can be withdrawn from the pool 10.
The opening 38 is located near the top of the pool 10 and the
preferred water level, as indicated by the broken line 40 in FIG.
2, is at some point along the vertical dimension of the opening 38.
In this way, leaves, scum and other dirt floating on the surface of
the water in the pool 10 are drawn into the water-conditioning
system to be removed by screening and filtering.
A screen (not shown) is contained within the skimmer 36 in the path
of flow of water being withdrawn from the pool 10 for removing the
larger-sized foreign matter contained in the water skimmed from the
pool water 42 is also positioned with in the line of water flow,
the basket 42 including compartments 43 that receive chlorine
sticks 44, blocks of a slow-dissolving chlorine-containing
material. Water being withdrawn from the pool 10 through the
skimmer 36 passes over the chlorine sticks 44, dissolves them at a
slow rate, the flows on through the perforations in the basket 42
for ultimate return to the pool, thereby providing a simple and
effective method of chlorinating the pool water. The skimmer 36
also includes a removable top 46, so that the screen can be removed
and cleaned and the supply of chlorine sticks 44 can be replenished
from time to time. A conduit 48 is attached to the bottom outlet
opening of the skimmer 36 and conducts and contaminated water
skimmed from the pool to a filter, as described below.
The panel 24 has another pre-formed opening 50 through which water
can be withdrawn from the pool 10, located near the bottom of the
pool wall. Attached to the opening 50 is an outlet conduit 52. The
conduits 48 and 52 are connected at a T to a common outlet conduit
54. A proportioning valve 55 is located at the juncture of the
outlet conduits 48 and 52 and the common outlet conduit 54 and
regulates the flow of pool water through the outlet openings 38 and
50 so that water can be withdrawn from the pool 10 through each
opening exclusively or through both openings simultaneously. In
this manner, the rate of chlorination can be regulated by
increasing or decreasing the amount of pool water being withdrawn
through theopening 38 and flowing over the chlorine sticks 44, in
relation to the total amount of water withdrawn. Also, a desired
cleaning result can be attained in accordance with a given
condition of the pool; for example, if it is desired to emphasize
cleaning of the tom of the popl, the valve 55 is set to provide
relatively higher, or even exclusive, outflow from the bottom
outlet, thereby drawing off water and entrained impurities from the
lower part of the pool, similarly, skimming from the top of the
pool can be emphasized over bottom withdrawal. An infinite range of
adjustment is possible, and this feature represents a significant
advantage to maintaining the pool water in top condition.
It is readily apparent that a single valve at the juncture of the
outlet conduits 48 and 52 and the common outlet conduit 54 can be
replaced by a valve located at some point along each of the outlet
conduits 48 and 52, with the same results.
An outlet branch conduit 56 is connected at one end to the common
outlet conduit 54 and at the other end to a pump and filter 57,
which are shown schematically as a single unit in FIG. 1. The pump
withdraws water from the pool through the outlet openings 38 or 50,
or both (as described above) and pumps it through the filter, from
which it is conducted to a main return or for reintroduction into
the pool 10.
An inlet conduit section 60 is connected at one end to the return
conduit 58 and at the other end to inlet branch conduits 62 and 64.
The branch conduit 62 leads to an inlet opening 66 (see FIG. 2)
which is located near the top of the pool 10 and below the
preferred water level 40, and the branch conduit 64 leads to an
inlet opening 68 which is located near the bottom of the pool 10.
At the juncture of the inlet conduit section 60 and the inlet
branch conduits 62 and 64 is a proportioning type valve 70 which
can be controlled to regulate the flow of the filtered and
chlorinated water back into the pool 10. The water can be
reintroduced through either the top inlet opening 66 or the bottom
inlet opening 68, exclusively, or through both simultaneously in a
controlled proportions. Also, as described above with regard to the
outlet conduits, the valve in the inlet conduits can be replaced by
a separate valve in each conduit 62 and 62 and accomplish the same
result.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, a flexible hose or "jet whip" 72 may be
attached to the lower input opening 68, and extend into the pool
10. By adjusting the valve 70 the proper flow rate through "jet
whip" 72 can be regulated. When water at a sufficient velocity is
reintroduced into the pool 10 through the "jet whip" 72, it will
oscillate or "whip" back and forth and agitate dirt on the pool
bottom to dislodge it and put it in suspension. The dirt can then
be drawn off through the bottom outlet opening 50 to be removed by
the filter, and a more efficient cleaning of the water will be
accomplished.
In addition to the filter and pump, a water heater (not shown) and
other suitable pool equipment may also be includes in the system.
Gauges, generally designated by the numeral 76 as illustrated in
FIG. 2, can be included in the system to indicate water pressure,
vacuum pressure, flow rate, water temperature or other variable
factors with regard to the circulated pool water.
An aerator (not shown) can be attached to the conduit 62 near the
inlet opening 66 on either side of the pool wall for introducing
air into the flowing stream of water that is being reintroduced
into the pool. The aerator can simply be a short length of tubing
with a valve or othe, suitable adjusting means attached to it to
regulate the amount of air that is drawn into the stream by the
suction caused by the flowing water. The use of this simple device
to aerate the water flowing back into the pool has been found to
have a pleasing therapeutic effect on a person who stands close to
the opening.
thus, there is provided, in accordance with the invention, a water
conditioning system for an above-the ground swimming pool. The
embodiment of the invention described above is intended to be
merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art will be able to make
numerous variations and modifications, in addition to those
mentioned above, without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention.
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