U.S. patent number 3,748,881 [Application Number 05/215,328] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-31 for key ejector lock.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Illinois Tool Works Inc.. Invention is credited to Lloyd A. Erickson.
United States Patent |
3,748,881 |
Erickson |
July 31, 1973 |
KEY EJECTOR LOCK
Abstract
A key ejector lock including a spring loaded coaxially disposed
bar member extending into the key way of the lock so as to maintain
a constant ejecting bias force on a key and all angular positions
of said lock. The ejector mechanism is suited for use in a
non-thermal conducting device for locking refrigerator devices
where safety factors require ejection of keys to avoid shoulder
tampering with such devices.
Inventors: |
Erickson; Lloyd A. (Niles,
IL) |
Assignee: |
Illinois Tool Works Inc.
(Chicago, IL)
|
Family
ID: |
22802546 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/215,328 |
Filed: |
January 4, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
70/388 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
63/003 (20130101); Y10T 70/7763 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
63/00 (20060101); E05b 017/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;70/388,373,375,379,380,370 ;292/17,19,87 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wolfe; Robert L.
Claims
I claim:
1. A lock adapted to be mounted in an apertured workpiece
comprising first body means having a bore therethrough and plug
means rotatably mounted in said bore, said plug means including an
axial shank member and a latch member extending laterally of the
free extremity of said shank member, said body means including a
first means for engaging said workpiece, a hollow shank member
extending axially from said engaging means for insertion through
the workpiece aperture, second means carried by said shank for
engaging the workpiece oppositely from said first means and
cooperating therewith in securing said body means with respect to
the workpiece, said plug means including chamber means within said
axial shank member, an axially extending slot communicating with
said chamber, shiftable elements positioned within portions of said
chamber and shiftable in response to engagement by a key for
releasably engaging said body means and locking said plug means
against rotation relative thereto, said slot means being disposed
axially in the outer surface and for a substantial extent of said
shank portion of said plug means and rotatable therewith, ejecting
means capable of constantly traversing said shiftable elements and
reacting against introduction of said key to maintain an ejecting
force against said key in all positions of both said shiftable
elements and said plug means, said ejecting means comprising an
elongated lubricious rigid first portion disposed in said slot and
retained therein within the bore of said encircling body means, a
second portion parallel to but offset from said first portion and
connected thereto by an intermediate stepped portion, said second
portion traversing said chamber and normally occupying a position
within central apertures of one or more wafer tumblers which form
said shiftable means, resilient means comprising a spring disposed
within said chamber and acting on said intermediate portion to urge
said rigid second portion into a normal position within said wafer
apertures, said slot means further extending axially beyond the
terminal end of said chamber to thereby maintain said first rigid
portion in a readily movable arrangement without binding or cocking
when moved axially by the introduction of a key against said second
portion within said wafers, the ejecting pressure against the key
being constant throughout the angular rotation of the plug means
and whether in the locked, unlocked, or any intermediate
position.
2. A key ejector lock including a first body means having a bore
therethrough and plug means rotatably mounted in axial fixed
relation within said bore and having a key-way adapted to slidingly
receive a key, bar means coaxially positioned within said plug
means and extending within said key-way to oppose the introduction
of said key, spring means urging said bar into its extended
position within said key-way to provide a constant ejecting force
on said key at all angular positions of said plug means, said plug
means including a central chamber and a laterally axially extending
open slot parallel but spaced from the axis of said plug and
communicating with said chamber, said bar including an elongated
first portion of substantial extent axially disposed in said
key-way within said chamber, an offset but parallel elongated
second portion having substantial extent and extending in the
opposite direction from said first portion and slidingly accepted
within said slot and an intermediate portion interconnecting said
first and second portions adjacent their respective ends, spring
means housed at one extremity of said chamber, and acting on said
intermediate portion, said chamber having transverse pockets at one
end thereof opening to one side of said plug means and adapted to
accept one or more spring urged elongated wafer tumbler means and
associated spring means with said wafers extending beyond at least
one adjacent side of said plug means, each of said wafers including
an elongated central aperture having end bearing surfaces adapted
to accept and be acted on by said key, externally chordally
disposed slot means terminating in abrupt shoulders, a cover means
forming a retainer for said wafer tumbler means and serving as an
enclosure for said one side of said plug means adjacent said
chamber, a cover plate extending substantially perpendicularly to
one side from one end of said cover means and including a keyhole,
shouldered leg means extending laterally in the same direction as
said cover plate from adjacent the opposite end of said cover means
and adapted to be accepted and retained within said chordally
disposed slot means.
3. A lock of the type set forth in claim 1 wherein said axial shank
member includes a non-circular portion adjacent its free end, said
latch member having a complimentary aperture adapted to
telescopically accept said non-circular portion, and means for
removably retaining said latch member and shank member in
associated relationship.
4. A lock of the type set forth in claim 3 wherein said retaining
means includes integral resilient shouldered finger means extending
from said non-circular portion, said finger means adapted to flex
during telescopic association with said latch member and to snap
outwardly when the shoulders have passed through the aperture and
engage the backside of said latch means to removably non-rotatably
assemble same to said shank member.
5. A lock of the type set forth in claim 2 wherein said body means,
said rotatable plug and said bar are fabricated of lubricious
low-heat conductive plastic materials.
6. A lock of the tYpe set forth in claim 2 wherein said plug means
further includes circumferentially disposed slot means axially
spaced from said chordal slot means, said body means including a
radially extending flange at one end for contacting an apertured
workpiece in which it is mounted, said bore at said one end being
counterbored to form an internal stop means and adapted to accept
said cover plate in flush relation with said flange, said body
means being provided with shoulder means resiliently biased at the
opposite end to said one end and adapted to be complimentarily
accepted to said circumferentially disposed slot means whereby said
plug means upon telescopic association with said body means is
axially captured but rotatably mounted therein, and means for
engaging the workpiece in opposition to said flange for securing
said body means relative to said workpiece.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In recent years a great promotional drive was carried out to
improve the accessibility to the interior of refrigerators and
freezers as a result of many deaths of small children who were
captured within abandoned devices and due to their inability to
escape, died of suffocation. Certain policing organizations of the
public safety have made it mandatory that all refrigerators be
capable of being opened from the interior by a minimum amount of
force. In the case of deep freeze units were large quantities of
expensive frozen foods may be stored, such devices have been
equipped with locks. Recently, it has become mandatory that such
locks be equipped with a key ejection mechanism so that the action
of locking a freezer unit must be a willful act and not be capable
of being carried out by happenstance of accident.
The differential in temperature between the interior and exterior
of a refrigerated device results generally in a thermal conduction
through a lock mechanism is removed from the lock mechanism by the
refrigerated or frozen interior thereby lowering the mechanism and
forming a condensing surface on which the moisture in the
surrounding air can collect and in many instances freeze, thereby
rendering the locking mechanism inoperative. An earlier attempt to
overcome such a problem can be found in the solution offered in the
patent issued to Francis E. Ryder, U.S. Pat. No. 3,465,557, in
which he proposes the use of a plastic body member for mounting a
rotatable plastic latch, whereby the absence of thermal
conductivity eliminates part of the problems of condensation and
freezing of moisture on the exterior surface of a locking
mechanism.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a non-thermal conducting locking
device made of substantially all plastic materials, with the
exception of the wafer tumblers, springs, and actuating key member,
plus the addition of a key ejecting mechanism which constantly
produces an ejecting biasing force against the extremity of the
key. A spring loaded coaxially disposed rigid bar member extends
into the key way of the lock and occupies a position which must be
moved in order to permit the key to actuate the lock. The mechanism
is so arranged that the key will be ejected from the lock at all
angular positions between and including the lock and unlocked
positions. The bar member is preferably a lubricious plastic
material which is compatable with the latch in which it is mounted
so that it will be operable at all temperatures of the environment
in which it is found.
Thus, it is a basic object of this invention to provide a final
safe key ejector which is operable at all times.
A further object is to provide a locking device, incorporating such
an ejecting mechanism which can be readily manufactured in an
economical manner from non-thermal transmitting materials and which
is readily mountable in the workpiece.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a locking
is to provide a locking mechanism which is capable of accepting a
multiplicity of latch means adapted to be accepted by various
structural designs in the devices where they are used.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a prospective view in partial section of a freezer chest
showing an embodiment of the present invention, partially in
phantom, in its mounted environment;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view in perspective of the various components
making up the preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view in partial section, taken along
line 3--3 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a plan view in section showing a key member in its
inserted position and operating the ejector;
FIG. 5 is a plan view in section identical to FIG. 4 except that
the key has been removed; and
FIG. 6 is an elevational view in section of the device shown in
FIG. 5 located 90.degree. about its axis.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring now to the drawings wherein similar reference numerals
are used to designate similar parts, a key ejecting lock mechanism
10 of the type contemplated by the present invention includes a
body member 12, a plug means or barrel 14, a latch or bolt 16, an
ejecting mechanism 18 and a suitable key operating means 20.
The body member 12 serves as the mounting means for the lock
mechanism. It includes a tubular main portion 30 having a hollow
bore 32 passing throughout the entire length of the body with a
laterally extending flange or face piece 34 and at the opposite end
is reduced in thickness at 36. The reduced portion 36 includes one
or more axially extending slots 38 to make the thin portion 36
resiliently expandable. The interior of the resilient portion 36
has a radially thickened extremity forming a shoulder 40 for
purposes which will be set forth hereinafter. One or more of the
side of the main body portion 30 may be provided with a flat 42 or
other suitable non-circular means for preventing rotation within a
complimentary apertured workpiece. The main body portion 30, in
this embodiment, has one or more engaging or slot means 44 adapted
to accept a retaining spring clip 46 to capture the body portion
relative to the workpiece, with the flange 34 engaging the front of
the workpiece and the clip 46 engaging the reserse side. If
desired, a bezel 48 can be added to the outer surface of the flange
44 for decorative purposes. It will be appreciated that the number
of slots 44 for acceptance of the retaining clip 46 is generally
dependent upon the multiplicity of panel thicknesses within which a
particular block member is expected to operate as well as
accommodating normal manufacturing tolerances through the spring
take up of the retaining clip 46.
The interior of body portion 30 and particularly bore 32 adjacent
the end tearing flange 34 is provided with two or more axially
extending slots or grooves 50, 52, 54 and 56 which are angularly
spaced relative to one another, for purposes best set forth
hereinafter.
The plug means or barrel 14 is a one piece elongated member having
a generally cylindrical main portion 60 adapted to be accepted
within the bore 32 of body 12 and in this embodiment a non-circular
extension 62 projecting from one end thereof. The main cylinder
portion 60 is provided with an interior chamber 64 which opens
laterally through one side of the cylinder 60 and extends axially
throughout its length. At the free extremity thereof it is provided
with a pair of upstanding walls 66 each of which have one or more
chordally disposed slot means 68. One or more wafer like tumblers
70 having laterally extending tangs 72 are adapted to be positioned
within the chamber 64 and having their opposite free extremities
extending through slots 68. A cavity within the chamber 64 is
provided to accommodate actuating springs 74 which maintain the
wafer tumbler 70 is a predetermined position by acting against the
tangs 72 and the side wall of the cavity in the chamber 64. On the
side opposite to the tangs 72 each of the wafers has a lug 76 for
purposes best set forth hereinafter. A central elongated aperture
78 traverses each of the wafer tumblers. The cylinder 60 includes a
pair of oppositely disposed slot means 80 which terminate in an
axially disposed shoulder 82. To complete the assembly of the lock
mechanism a cover means 84 is provided with a cover plate 86 having
a centrally disposed key hole slot 88 disposed therein, a laterally
positioned axially extending element 90 having an exterior radius
of curvature generally complimentary to that of the cylinder 60. At
the end of element 90, opposite the cover plate 86, are a pair of
spring retainer arms 92 adapted to be complimentarily accepted
within the transverse slot 80 and provided on the interior thereof
with shoulder means 94 adapted to cooperate with the shoulder means
82. After the wafer tumbler 70 and their associated spring 74 are
slid into mounted position within the chamber 64 the cover means 84
is snap assembled into covering relationship and thereby retained
the wafers in mounted operative position. The aperture 78 in the
chamber form with the slot 88 the key way for acceptance of the
actuating extremity of the key 20, as further explained
hereinafter.
The opposite end of the cylinder 60 adjacent to the non-circular
extension 62 is provided with a circumferential groove 100 and a
tapered cam surface 102 leading into the groove 100, for purposes
best set forth hereinafter. Along one side of cylinder 60 and
extending into the non-circular extension 62 there is disposed an
axially extending slot or guide way 104 which communicates with the
chamber 64. The key ejecting mechanism 18 includes a first rigid
bar portion 110 adapted to be coaxially disposed within the chamber
64, a second offset portion 112 adapted to be complimentally
accepted in sliding relationship to the slot 104 and and
intermediate portion 114 which interconnects the main portion 110
with the offset portion 112. A cylindrical protuberance 116 is
positioned on the backside of the intermediate portion 114 and is
adapted to accept and locate one end of the actuating spring 118.
The main portion 110 is telescoped within the aperture 78 of the
wafer switches while the free end of the spring 118 abuts against
wall 65 of the chamber 64. Thus, the offset portion 112 sliding in
the groove or slot 104 provides the basis for retention of the main
portion 110 in cantilever fashion from the intermediate portion 114
into its resiliently urged position within the key way. As can be
best seen in FIGS. 4 through 6 a sealing O-ring 120 encircles the
main portion 110 at its juncture with the intermediate portion 114,
for purposes set forth hereinafter.
The non-circular extension 62 may take any desired configuration,
in this embodiment it is generally rectangular in shape. At the
free extremity of portion 62 there are provided fastening means
which in the present instance are a pair of shouldered resilient
legs 130 abrupt shoulders or stop means 132 positioned in spaced
relation from their canned ends which facilitate entry into an
aperture. The latch or bolt 16 may assume any desired configuration
to cooperate with a particular strike. In the present embodiment
the latch 16 includes a hub 140 having a through bore 142 which is
complimentary in configuration to the non-circular portion 62 of
the latch mechanism. In this embodiment the bore also includes a
pair of opposite disposed slot means 143 which assist in the
feeding end of the resilient retaining legs 130. As will be
recognized the latch hub 140 can be positioned in the direction
shown in FIGS. 1 through 3 or it can be rotated 180.degree. to
accommodate the positioning of the barrel 14 in either direction
for purposes of locating the latch relative to a strike. To this
end a secondary rectangular slot 144 is provided in cruciform
relationship to slot 142 to accommodate the offset portion 112 as
it slides in the slot 104, regardless of the position of the hub
140 relative to the non-circular portion 62. Extending laterally
from hub 140 is a lug or latch 146 which includes a laterally
extending tang 148 for locking engagement with a suitable
strike.
As has been previously indicated it is preferable that the mounting
body 12, the plug mechanism or barrel 14, the latch or dot 16, the
ejecting mechanism 18 and the cover means 84 are preferably
fabricated of a lubricious plastic material to reduce the thermal
conductivity of the lug mechanism. To assemble the various piece
parts after the wafers 70 and their associated springs 74 are
positioned within the slots 68. The ejecting mechanism 18, and
particularly the main portion 110 is fed into the aperture 78 and
the device moves laterally with the spring being positioned against
end wall 65 of the chamber 64 and the offset portion 112 disposed
within the slot 104. The cover means 84 is then latched into
position and the entire barrel sub-assembly is telescoped within
the mounting body means 12 by the introduction of the non-circular
end 62 into the bore adjacent the flange 34. The device is moved
until the shoulders 40 rise up over the cam surface 102 to dispose
the shoulders 40 and the adjacent thickened portion of the end
portion 36 within the slot 100. If the bezel 48 is desired to be
used it may be positioned against the flange 34 prior to the
telescoping of the latch mechanism 14. As can be seen in FIGS. 4
through 6 the bezel is provided with an inwardly directed flange
arrangement 49 and located in a counterbore 35 within the flange 34
so that the cover plate 86 serves as a retention means for the
bezel 48 and is mounted flush with the outer surface of the flange
34.
The sub-assembly of the body means or housing 12 and plug means or
barrel 14 are telescoped within a complimentary mating aperture 160
in a workpiece 162 such as the lid or door of a freezer chest. The
retaining spring 46 is then laterally slid into engagement with one
of the slots 44 to securely mount the device with the flange and
key slot 88 exposed on the outer surface. A suitable complimentary
latch or lug 16 is axially telescoped over the complimentary
circular portion 62 until the shoulders 132 fall behind the free
extremity of hub 140 as defined by the end face 141. As can be seen
in FIG. 3 a suitable strike means 170 is positioned on the body 172
of the workpiece and is adapted to accept the tang 148, shown in
phantom, in the locked position.
As best seen in FIG. 6, the wafer tumblers 70 are urged by their
spring means 74 to extend laterally into locking engagement with
the slots 54 and 56. In the present embodiment two wafer tumblers
70 are illustrated although it has been found that one is
sufficient since the major purpose of such a lock is merely to
prevent youngsters from leaving a freezer unit open and thereby
destroying the efficacy of the unit for its intended function. Any
number of tumblers can be provided if the security level desired is
elevated. The introduction of the key 20 into the key way through
slot 88 will move the tumblers 70 into an aligned position with the
bore 32 and permit rotation of the latch mechanism or barrel 14
within the housing 12. Since the body member or housing 12 is fixed
relative to the workpiece by means of the non-circular portion 42
the latch or dog 146 will be rotated to engage the tang 148 with
the strike 170. As can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6 the main portion
110 of the ejector mechanism 18 passes through the aperture 78 in
the wafer tumblers 70 and blocks the key 20 way. Introduction of
the key 20 as shown in FIG. 4 results in a compression of the
spring 118 as the main portion 110 is moved axially by the key.
Axial movement of the ejector mechanism to the left, as viewed in
FIG. 4, moves the offset portion 112 within the slot 104 into a
position within the slots 144 of hub 140 which slidingly
accommodates same therein. The main portion 110 maintains a
constant force against the key so that it will be ejected in any
position of angular rotation assumed by the barrel 14. The
cross-sectional area of the main portion 110 is substantially
smaller than the included area of aperture 78 in wafer 70 so that
the movement of the wafer tumbler 70 by the key will not affect the
ejecting action under the motive power of spring 118.
To further insure the elimination of thermal conductive transfer by
the mechanism the cover means 84 is provided with a protuberance 95
at its free end adjacent the legs 92. This protuberance 95 forms
the partial blocking of the lateral opening chamber 64 and in
conjunction with a counterbore shoulder 121 in chamber 64 serves as
a closure against which the O-ring seal 120 can seat to prevent the
ingress of cold air from the freezer compartment into that portion
of chamber 64 occuppied by the wafer tumblers 70. The cover means
84 also includes an internal recess 96, as seen in FIG. 5, adapted
to accept the lugs 76 of the wafer tumbler to assist in their
rotation and stabilized operation.
As has been previously stated the choice of latch or dog 16 to be
utilized in this assembly is generally a matter of design choice to
fit the specific environmental configuration in which it is
located. While one method of fast assembly, i.e., the snap legs
130, has been illustrated as a means for assembling the latch to
the barrel, it will be recognized that other forms can be utilized
such as a screw and washer axially inserted into the barrel or
alternatively suitable clip means, not shown. The specific
configuration of the cover 162 and the box 172 are merely
illustrations of an environment in which the mechanism can be
utilized. Similarly, while the use of non-thermal lubricious
materials have been indicated for use with this embodiment, it must
be recognized that thermally conductive metals or other materials
could be equally satisfactorily used with a key ejecting mechanism
of the proposed type where the temperature differential between the
interior and exterior of the block environment does not present the
problems which have been contemplated by this inventor.
* * * * *