U.S. patent number 3,747,692 [Application Number 05/176,130] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-24 for stonesetter's hand tool.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Robert L. Nixon, Parrott, Bell, Seltzer, Park & Gibson. Invention is credited to Richard L. Davidson.
United States Patent |
3,747,692 |
Davidson |
July 24, 1973 |
STONESETTER'S HAND TOOL
Abstract
An impact generating hand tool for setting gem stones in a ring
mounting or the like and which is configured to facilitate accurate
guidance of the workpiece engaging portion of the tool to guard
against striking and possibly fracturing the gem stone. The tool
includes a downwardly directed handle, and a hammer having a
workpiece engaging portion at the lower end thereof which is spaced
from the handle a distance sufficient to permit the operator to
contact and guide the workpiece engaging portion with his little
finger. The hammer is reciprocated to provide the desired impacts
on the workpiece by a mechanism which includes a reciprocating
shaft positioned to strike or impact the hammer at the lowermost
portion of its movement, a variable speed electric motor for
reciprocating the shaft, and a motor speed control switch carried
on the handle whereby the frequency and intensity of the impacts on
the hammer and thus the workpiece may be controlled.
Inventors: |
Davidson; Richard L. (Gastonia,
NC) |
Assignee: |
Parrott, Bell, Seltzer, Park &
Gibson (Charlotte, NC)
Nixon; Robert L. (Lincolnton, NC)
|
Family
ID: |
22643100 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/176,130 |
Filed: |
August 30, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
173/122; 173/132;
29/10; 173/169 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B25D
11/12 (20130101); A44C 17/043 (20130101); B25D
2211/003 (20130101); Y10T 29/23 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B25D
11/12 (20060101); A44C 17/04 (20060101); A44C
17/00 (20060101); B25D 11/00 (20060101); B23p
005/00 (); B25d 011/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;173/117,123,169,132,122
;29/10 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Purser; Ernest R.
Claims
That which is claimed is:
1. An impact generating hand tool useful in setting gem stones or
the like and comprising
a housing including a downwardly extending handle adapted to be
gripped by one hand of the operator,
a shaft carried by said housing and defining a central axis which
extends generally parallel to said handle, said shaft including a
lower end and being translatable along said central axis between a
raised position and a lowered position,
power means carried by said housing for reciprocating said shaft
along said central axis between said raised and lowered positions,
said power means including a control switch mounted on said handle
to permit the operator to actuate the switch with one of his
fingers from the hand gripping the handle,
a hammer carried by said housing coaxially below said shaft, said
hammer including an upper end and being translatable along said
central axis between a raised position and a lowered position, the
elevation of said upper end of said hammer when in its raised
position being somewhat above the elevation of said lower end of
said shaft when in its lowered position, said hammer further
including an exposed workpiece engaging portion at the lower end
thereof which is laterally spaced from said handle a distance
sufficient to permit the operator to contact and guide the same
with another of his fingers from the hand gripping the handle,
and
resilient means operatively positioned between said housing and
hammer for raising said hammer from its lowered position to its
raised position whereby reciprocation of said shaft by said power
means causes said shaft lower end to intermittently impact said
hammer upper end and to thereby depress said hammer to its lowered
position such that the same is reciprocated between its upper and
lowered positions.
2. The hand tool as defined in claim 1 wherein said power means for
reciprocating said shaft includes a variable speed electric motor
and said switch includes means for varying the speed of said motor
and thus the frequency of the reciprocation of said shaft and
hammer.
3. The hand tool as defined in claim 2 wherein said means for
varying the speed of said motor comprises a laterally translatable
slide, circuit means operatively controlled by the positioning of
said slide for varying the speed of said electric motor, and
adjustment means for limiting the translation of said slide and
thus the maximum speed of said electric motor.
4. The hand tool as defined in claim 1 wherein the elevation of
said upper end of said hammer when in its raised position is about
1/8 inch or less above the elevation of said lower end of said
shaft when in its lowered position.
5. The hand tool as defined in claim 1 wherein said housing defines
a substantially air tight enclosure surrounding the lower end of
said shaft and the upper end of said hammer, the volume of said
enclosure being substantially reduced during downward translation
of said shaft such that the air entrapped in said enclosure serves
to somewhat dampen the impacts between said shaft and hammer.
6. The hand tool as defined in claim 1 wherein said resilient means
comprises a helical spring encircling a portion of said hammer.
7. A stonesetter's hand tool useful in delivering a series of
impacts to a setting in an ornamental ring or the like to displace
the material of the setting over the edges of a gem stone and
thereby hold the same securely in the setting, said hand tool
having provision for accurately controlling the frequency,
intensity and point of application of the impacts whereby the gem
stone may be efficiently and securely set while minimizing the
danger of breaking the stone and comprising
a housing including a downwardly extending handle adapted to be
gripped by one hand of the operator,
a hammer carried by said housing and mounted for limited
reciprocation along a central axis which extends generally parallel
to said handle, said hammer including an exposed workpiece engaging
portion at the lower end thereof which is laterally spaced from
said handle a distance sufficient to permit the operator to contact
and guide the same with one of his fingers from the hand gripping
the handle,
impact means carried by said housing for delivering a series of
controlled impacts upon said hammer to translate said hammer
downwardly along said central axis upon each impact, said impact
means including a control switch mounted on said handle to permit
the operator to actuate the switch with another of his fingers from
the hand gripping the handle, and
resilient means for translating said hammer upwardly after each
impact, whereby said hammer is reciprocated along said central axis
by the combined action of said impact means and resilient
means.
8. The hand tool as defined in claim 7 wherein said impact means
further includes a variable speed electric motor, a reciprocable
shaft carried by said housing coaxially with and immediately above
said hammer, and means for operatively interconnecting said shaft
and said electric motor such that operation of said motor acts to
reciprocate said shaft, and said switch includes means for
controlling the speed of said motor.
9. The hand tool as defined in claim 8 wherein said means for
interconnecting said shaft and electric motor comprises means
defining a transverse slot carried by said shaft, a gear wheel
operatively connected to said electric motor and mounted for
rotation about a second axis extending perpendicular to said
central axis, and a pin carried by said gear wheel adjacent the
outer circumference thereof and extending in a direction parallel
to said second axis and into said slot whereby operation of said
electric motor causes said gear wheel to rotate and said pin to
circumscribe a circle and translate within said slot to thereby
reciprocate said shaft along said central axis.
10. The hand tool as defined in claim 9 wherein said hammer further
includes chuck means for releasably interconnecting said workpiece
engaging portion.
Description
The present invention relates to an impact generating hand tool
useful in mounting gem stones in the setting of rings or other
jewelry pieces made of the precious metals.
In mounting a gem stone in a ring or the like, a seat is initially
cut or otherwise formed in the metal to provide the setting into
which the stone is inserted. A portion of the metal surrounding the
stone is then bent or swaged over the edges of the stone to
permanently hold it in the setting. Depending upon the type of
setting involved, the bent or swaged portions of the setting may
take various forms, such as upright prongs which are bent over the
edges of the stone, or a rim of metal which the stonesetter turns
over the edges all the way around the stone.
Stonesetters presently utilize a hand tool in the form of a punch
or swage, and a mallet, to shape the metal about the edges of the
stone. As can be readily appreciated, a great deal of skill and
experience is required in order to properly shape the metal about
the edges of the stone by means of such tools. Also, great care
must be exercised since a misdirected blow can easily cleave or
fracture the stone. Thus, the operation is time consuming and
expensive. While powered hand tools which employ compressed air or
an electric motor to oscillate a workpiece engaging hammer have
been employed to set gem stones, such tools are generally
unsatisfactoy since the intensity of the impacts from the hammer
cannot be readily controlled and they are difficult to accurately
guide in relation to the workpiece.
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a
powered stonesetter's hand tool which is adapted to efficiently
shape the metal of a setting about a gem stone, and which is
designed to alleviate the danger of fracturing the stone.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a
stonesetter's hand tool having provision for delivering a series of
impacts to the setting which may be accurately controlled as to
frequency and intensity to thereby permit careful control of the
displacement of the metal.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
stonesetter's hand tool which is configured to permit the operator
to contact and engage the workpiece engaging portion of the tool
with one of his fingers to thereby permit him to guide the tool and
accurately position the impacts on the setting and thus reduce the
danger of striking and fracturing the stone.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention are
achieved in the embodiment of the invention illustrated herein by
the provision of a hand tool which comprises a housing having a
downwardly extending handle adapted to be gripped by one hand of
the operator, a reciprocable hammer carried by the housing and
having a workpiece engaging portion at the lower end thereof which
is spaced from the handle a distance sufficient to permit the
operator to contact and guide the workpiece engaging portion with
one of his fingers, and impact means including a variable speed
electric motor and controlling switch positioned on the handle for
delivering a series of controlled impacts upon the hammer. A spring
is positioned beneath the hammer such that the hammer is
reciprocated by the combined section of the impact means and
spring. Thus the operator is able to control the speed of the
electric motor by adjustment of the switch to permit accurate
control of the frequency and intensity of the impacts delivered to
the hammer and thus the workpiece. Also, the workpiece engaging
portion of the tool may be accurately guided by the finger of the
operator such that the point of application of the impacts to the
workpiece can be controlled.
Some of the objects and advantages of the invention having been
stated, others will appear as the description proceeds, when taken
in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a stonesetter's hand tool embodying
the features of the present invention and further illustrating the
manner in which it is employed to mount a gem stone in a ring
setting;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view, partly sectioned, of the tool
shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional end view taken substantially along the line
3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view schematically illustrating
the electrical switch employed with the present invention.
Referring more sepcifically to the drawings, a stonesetter's hand
tool embodying the features of the present invention is indicated
generally at 10. The tool includes a supporting housing which
comprises a handle 12, a central body section 14, and upper and
lower forward body sections 16 and 18, respectively. The handle 12
extends generally downwardly, and is somewhat arcuately shaped to
be conveniently gripped by one hand of the operator in the manner
shown in FIG. 1. As will become apparent, the tool may be gripped
and operated by either the right or the left hand.
A variable speed control switch 20 is mounted within the upper
portion of the handle and is positioned along the inside edge to be
engaged by the index finger of the operator. The switch is of
conventional construction and of a type commonly employed in small
electrical hand tools such as drills. Generally, the switch
comprises a laterally translatable slide 22 which is biased
outwardly by the spring 24. A stop member 26 is carried by a
threaded member 28 such that the extent of the inward movement of
the slide may be adjustably limited by rotating the threaded member
28 and thereby translating the stop member 26 toward or away from
the abutment wall 29. The slide 22 is operatively connected to the
electrical circuit 30 such that the output from the switch is
controlled by the extent of the inward displacement of the slide
22. A switch of this type is manufactured by the Skil Corporation
of Chicago, Ill., as part number 45265.
The central body section 14 of the housing mounts a conventional
variable speed electric motor 32 which is operatively connected to
the switch 20. Thus, the speed of the motor 32 is controlled by the
extent of the lateral displacement of the slide 22 of switch 20,
with the maximum speed of the motor being controlled by the
position of the stop member 26. The output shaft of the motor 32
mounts a gear wheel 34, and a following gear wheel 36 is journaled
to the central body section 14 and operatively engages the gear 34.
A pin 38 is carried by the gear wheel 36 adjacent the outer
periphery thereof and thus lies eccentric to the axis of rotation
of the gear 36. The pin 38 will be seen to extend in a direction
generally parallel to the axes of rotation of the gears 34 and 36,
and as the gears rotate, the pin 38 circumscribes the circle
illustrated schematically at 40 in FIG. 3.
The upper forward body section 16 includes a central cavity 42 and
a transverse cylindrical bore 44 extending vertically completely
through the section 16 (and cavity 42) to define a central axis.
The cavity 42 encloses the gears 34 and 36, as well as the central
portion of a cylindrical shaft 46 which is slidably mounted in the
bore 44. The central portion of the shaft 46 fixedly carries a
transversely extending guide member 48, one face of which defines a
lateral slot 49 which is positioned to receive the pin 38 as best
seen in FIG. 3. As will be apparent from the drawings, the axes of
rotation of the gear wheels 34 and 36 perpendicularly intersect the
central axis as defined by the bore 44 and shaft 46. Thus rotation
of the gear wheels 34, 36 by the motor 32 causes the pin 38 to
reciprocate the shaft 46 along the central axis between a raised
position shown in solid lines in FIG. 2, and a lowered position
shown in dashed lines.
The lower forward body section 18 includes a vertically extending
bore which is coaxially aligned with the central axis defined by
the bore 44, and which comprises an upper enlarged diameter portion
50 and a lower portion 52 of reduced diameter, to define a
transverse shoulder 53 therebetween. A hammer 54 is mounted within
the bore of the body section 18 and thus along the central axis and
in generally parallel relation with the handle 12. The hammer 54
includes an upper cylindrical shaft segment 56 which is dimensioned
to closely conform to the bore portion 50, a lower cylindrical
shaft segment 58 extending through and below the bore portion 52, a
releasable chuck 60 secured to the shaft segment 58 and positioned
below the body section 18, and a workpiece engaging member 62
releasably mounted in the chuck 60. A helical spring 64 encircles
the shaft segment 58 and is interposed between the upper shaft
segment 56 and the shoulder 53 to bias the hammer upwardly as shown
in FIG. 2.
The chuck 60 is of conventional design and includes a plurality of
lower jaw segments 65 which are adapted to be manually expanded to
release and permit separation and replacement of the workpiece
engaging member 62. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the
art, the lower end of the workpiece engaging member 62 is generally
sharp or pointed and may take various configurations depending upon
the type of setting being prepared. Also, it will be apparent from
FIGS. 1 and 2 that the workpiece engaging member 62 is laterally
spaced from the lower portion of the handle 12 a distance
sufficient to permit the operator to contact and guide the same
with his little finger while gripping the handle.
In operation, the handle 12 is gripped by the operator in the
manner shown in FIG. 1, with the index finger overlying and
controlling the switch 20 and the little finger extended to engage
the workpiece engaging member 62. Upon depressing the switch 20,
the electric motor 32 is energized to rotate the gears 34 and 36
and thereby reciprocate the shaft 46 between its raised and lowered
positions. As the shaft reaches its lowered position during each
reciprocation, the lower end 66 strikes the upper end 68 of the
hammer segment 56 causing the hammer to be translated downwardly
against the biasing force of the spring 64. Typically, the
elevation of the upper end 68 of the hammer 54 in its normal raised
position (as shown in solid lines in FIG. 2) is about 1/8 inch or
less above the elevation of the lower end 66 of the shaft 46 when
the shaft reaches its lowered position (shown in dashed lines in
FIG. 2). Thus the hammer 54 is reciprocated along the central axis
between its raised position (shown in solid lines in FIG. 2) and a
lowered position (shown in dashed lines), which represents a
distance of about 1/8 inch or less, by the combined action of the
impacts from the shaft 46 and the spring 64. By controlling the
extent to which the slide 22 of switch 20 is depressed, the speed
of the motor 32 and thus the frequency and intensity or sharpness
of the impacts upon the hammer 54 (and thus the workpiece) may be
accurately controlled. This feature can be used to advantage for
example by moving a relatively large amount of metal during the
initial portion of the setting operation by a series of rapid and
sharp impacts, and then applying a less rapid and sharp series
during the finishing operation. Also, since the little finger of
the operator is in contact with the workpiece engaging member 62,
the point of application of these impacts may be carefully guided
to prevent contact with the stone thereby reducing the danger of
breaking the same.
It should also be noted that the lower segment of the bore 44 of
the upper forward body section 16, and the bore 50 of the lower
forward body section 18 cooperate to define a substantially air
tight enclosure which surrounds the lower end of the shaft 46 and
the upper end of the hammer segment 56. The volume of this
enclosure is substantially reduced during downward translation of
the shaft 46 such that the air entrapped in the enclosure is
rapidly compressed and thus serves to somewhat soften or dampen the
sharpness of the impact between the shaft and hammer. It is
believed that this dampening effect further serves to reduce the
danger of breakage of the stone should the stone be accidentally
contacted by the workpiece engaging member 62.
In the drawings and specification, there has been set forth a
preferred embodiment of the invention, and although sepcific terms
are employed, they are used in a descriptive and generic sense only
and not for purposes of limitation.
* * * * *