U.S. patent number 3,746,216 [Application Number 05/179,379] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-17 for fluid mixer-dispenser.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy. Invention is credited to Arthur F. Frederick.
United States Patent |
3,746,216 |
Frederick |
July 17, 1973 |
FLUID MIXER-DISPENSER
Abstract
A fluid mixer-dispenser for use with two component adhesives
including a erally cylindrical body having a pair of adjacent
parallel cylindrical bores within which a pair of pistons are
slidably mounted. A valve system fluidly seals the end of the bores
and comprises three thin circular discs, one of which is a solid
rupture disc and the remaining two flanking discs have
appropriately shaped cutouts therein to prevent premature rupture
due to backpressure when used in an underwater environment and to
provide rupture at the appropriate internal pressure due to
depression of the pistons. A mixing chamber is provided and
includes a plurality of discs having appropriately formed cutouts
such that when stacked, form passages for the fluids to flow
through.
Inventors: |
Frederick; Arthur F.
(Washington, DC) |
Assignee: |
The United States of America as
represented by the Secretary of the Navy (Washington,
DC)
|
Family
ID: |
22656357 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/179,379 |
Filed: |
September 10, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/137;
137/68.22; 137/68.23; 222/145.6; 604/82; 366/340; 604/191;
222/541.3 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B01F
5/0604 (20130101); B01F 13/002 (20130101); B01F
5/0688 (20130101); B65D 81/325 (20130101); B01F
5/0682 (20130101); B01F 2215/006 (20130101); Y10T
137/1714 (20150401); Y10T 137/1707 (20150401); B01F
2215/0039 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B01F
13/00 (20060101); B65D 81/32 (20060101); B01F
5/06 (20060101); B67d 005/52 () |
Field of
Search: |
;222/135,136,145,252,323,372,386,402,129,565,564,542,424.5,309,385,387,137,541
;138/37 ;128/218M ;137/68 ;259/4 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reeves; Robert B.
Assistant Examiner: Rolla; Joseph J.
Claims
What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent
of the United States is:
1. A fluid mixer-dispenser comprising:
a body member having a plurality of chambers for receiving various
fluid materials;
piston means fluidly sealing one end of said chambers and
operatively associated therewith for ejecting said fluids
therefrom;
laminar valve means positioned at the end of said body member
opposite said piston means for fluidly sealing the other end of
said chambers and for selectively permitting fluid communication
between the external environment and said chambers only in response
to interiorly applied pressure;
laminar mixing means connected to said valve means for intimately
mixing the fluids ejected from said chambers; and
nozzle means connected to said mixing means for directing the
egress of the mixed fluids from said mixing means.
2. A fluid mixer-dispenser as recited in claim 1 wherein said
laminar mixing means comprises:
a laminar mixing chamber including a plurality of thin discs
adapted to be stacked upon each other, each one of said discs
having appropriately shaped cutouts such that when said discs are
stacked, said cutouts form intersecting passages which cooperate
with said piston means within said chambers to direct said fluid
materials in such a manner that they intimately mix.
3. A mixer-dispenser as recited in claim 2 wherein said laminar
valve means comprises:
a thin rupture disc normally sealing said compartments from the
external environment;
a back-up disc provided on one side of said rupture disc between
said rupture disc and said body member having a pair of clusters of
small circular cutouts formed therein at positions defined by the
ends of said compartments; and
a thin disc positioned on the other side of said rupture disc
having a pair of holes formed therein having diameters
determinative of rupture pressure.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to a dispenser, and more
particularly, to a two component adhesive mixer-dispenser.
Two component adhesive systems are oftentimes the optimum adhesive
system for use in various applications, such for example, as in
underwater use. Various problems arise, however, in the use of two
component adhesive systems in that, not infrequently, the two
components are difficult to mix thoroughly and use before
solidification commences. To overcome this difficulty the use of
various types of mixer-dispenser configurations have been
considered and developed. For example, a mixer-dispenser was
developed wherein a cylinder was divided into two chambers by a
piston-valve system wherein each chamber contains one adhesive
component. In operation, the valve is opened, the piston moved fore
and aft, the piston valve subsequently closed and the nozzle valve
opened. The piston is then moved forward forcing the adhesive out.
The use of configurations such as this, however, resulted in only
partial mixing and consequently produced only a low joint strength.
Further, many times the adhesive set up before it was
dispensed.
To alleviate the problems created, even more complex apparatus were
developed. However, the operation of these devices usually entailed
the use by the operator of both hands thereby increasing the
difficulty of making the desired bond. Furthermore, problems have
arisen in the underwater use of certain embodiments of such devices
when used at relatively great depths where large hydrostatic
pressure are present. In such circumstances, the "back pressure"
acting on such mixer-dispensers is so high as to break the fluid
seal separating the interior of the device from the external
environment thereby effectively precluding the proper operation
thereof.
In addition, in various previous adhesive mixer-dispenser devices,
the configurations employed for the mixing portions thereof
frequently were of a design whereby, inherently a large proportion
of the volume of the adhesive components intended to be mixed would
be trapped in the device by means other than premature
solidification. The cause of this adhesive loss was the relatively
large internal volumes presented in the mixing chambers available
for the adhesive to fill.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, one object of this invention is to provide a new and
improved two component adhesive mixer-dispenser.
Another object of the invention is the provision of a new and
improved adhesive dispenser which will mix adhesive components to a
greater extent than was heretofore possible.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a new
and improved adhesive mixer-dispenser which may be operated using
only a single hand.
A further object of the instant invention is to provide a new and
improved two component adhesive mixer-dispenser which provides
accurate proportioning of the two components during the mixing and
dispensing process.
A still further object of this invention is the provision of a new
and improved two component adhesive mixer-dispenser wherein a
minimum of adhesive is trapped and wasted in the mixing
chamber.
Another still further object of the instant invention is the
provision of a new and improved adhesive mixer-dispenser wherein
back pressure present at great depths will not adversely affect the
operation thereof.
Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment of this invention, these
and other objects are attained by providing a fluid dispenser body
including a pair of adjacent parallel cylindrical bores or chambers
and a pair of pistons slidably mounted therein with a common push
bar associated therewith. The pistons fluidly seal one end of the
chambers and the opposite ends thereof are normally closed by a
valve system and mixing chamber. The valve system and mixing
chamber include a plurality of discs having appropriately formed
cutouts such that when stacked, form passages for the fluids to
flow through, directing them in such a way that they mix. The valve
system includes a rupture disc which is designed to selectively
rupture upon the application of pressure from within the dispenser
body in response to actuation of the pistons. The valve system is
designed to withstand great external pressure without failing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a side view in section of the adhesive mixer-dispenser
according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of the mixer-dispenser taken along line 2--2 of
FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a layout view illustrating the discs which comprise the
mixing chamber and valve system; and
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the valve system and mixing chamber
indicating the direction of the adhesive component fluid flow.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characters
designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several
views, and more particularly to FIG. 1 thereof, the adhesive
mixer-dispenser, generally denoted as 10, is shown as including a
body member 12 having a generally elongate, substantially
cylindrical shape. A pair of spaced parallel cylindrical bores 14
and 16 are longitudinally formed through the body member 12 and
comprise adhesive component retaining chambers as described
hereinbelow. A pair of pistons 18 and 20 are slidably disposed
within bores 14 and 16, respectively. O-rings 22 and 24 are
provided within annular grooves formed at the end portions of
respective pistons 18 and 20 and provide a fluid seal between the
interior of the respective bores and the external environment. The
pistons may be connected at their upper end portions by a push bar
26 thereby forming an assembly, including pistons 18 and 20 and
push bar 26, for ejecting the adhesive components from within the
bores as will be described in greater detail hereinbelow. Extending
from about the midpoint of body member 12 are a pair of transverse
projecting portions 28 and 30 which constitute finger grips for use
during adhesive ejection. A circumferentially extending annular
flange 32 is formed at the lower end portion of body member 12 and
has formed therein four equally spaced fastener receiving openings
34 (FIG. 2) for providing a means for connecting a valve system 36,
a mixing chamber 38, and a nozzle 40 thereto. Additionally, prior
to use, the piston assembly is rigidly held in a raised position as
shown in FIG. 1 by the cooperation of a removable pin 41 held in a
series of aligned holes 43 and 45 in piston 20 and body member 12,
respectively (see FIG. 2).
Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, the valve system 36 of the present
embodiment comprises three thin circular discs 42, 44 and 46 having
circular outlines adapted to conform with the circular flange 32
formed on body member 12. Each disc is formed with four equally
spaced openings 48 (not shown in FIG. 4) for receiving a
conventional fastener upon being connected to body member 12 as
will be described. In assembly, the discs 42, 44 and 46 are stacked
in a laminar configuration so that the respective openings 48 are
aligned to form a fastener receiving hole. In the present
embodiment, disc 42 includes a pair of clusters of small cutout
ports 49 formed in positions such that, upon fastening disc 42 to
body member 12, the clusters will be adjacent to respective bores
14 and 16. Disc 44 comprises a continuous member having no cutouts
while disc 46 includes a pair of circular cutouts 50 of a larger
diameter than the cluster of cutouts and in corresponding positions
thereto when the discs are stacked and attached to body member
12.
Still referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the mixing chamber 38 of the
present embodiment is shown as including a series of five thin
circular discs 52, 54, 56, 58 and 60 of identical outer
configuration as the discs comprising valve system 36, and also
adapted to be stacked in a laminar arrangement. The mixing chamber
discs further include openings 62 in positions alignable with
openings 48 of the discs of the valve system 36 and openings 34 of
body member 12 to receive fasteners. The discs have formed therein
a series of cutouts of both circular and generally serpentine
configurations such that when the discs are stacked, the cutouts
form passages for the adhesive components to flow through,
directing them in such a way that intimate mixture occurs. The
various formations of the cutouts are best described in connection
with the description of the operation of the device hereinbelow.
Suffice it to say that the cutouts cooperate with the adjacent
surfaces of the flanking discs to form adhesive fluid conducting
passages.
Returning to FIG. 1, the nozzle 40 is provided with a series of
four equally spaced openings alignable with openings 62, 48 and 34
of the mixing chamber, valve system, and body member, respectively,
for receiving a fastener, a bore 68 formed therethrough cooperating
with disc 60 of the mixing chamber 38 and a planar surface 69 for
assisting in the application of the adhesive as will be described
in the operation of the device.
In the construction of the device, the mixing chamber 38 and the
valve system 36 are formed by stacking discs 52, 54, 56, 58, 60 and
42, 44, 46 in order designated in FIG. 4 and attaching nozzle 40
thereto by passing four conventional fasteners 67 (FIG. 1) through
the fastener receiving openings. The nozzle 40, mixing chamber 38
and valve system 36 are then attached to flange 32 by fasteners 67,
the two adhesive components having been previously deposited in
bores 14 and 16. For the sake of clarity in the description of the
operation of the device, the adhesive component in bore 14 will be
termed Fluid A while the adhesive component in bore 16 will be
denoted as Fluid B.
In operation, the operator places the body member 12 between his
index and middle fingers, so that, while his thumb rests on the
push bar 26 his fingers rest on the respective projections 28 and
30. The locking pin 41 is then removed, the push bar is forced
toward the finger grips with an opposing motion of the thumb and
forefingers causing the pistons 18 and 20 to displace tha adhesive
components, previously provided in bores 14 and 16. The fluid
pressure increases until the valve system 36 is actuated. In the
currently used system the disc 44 ruptures permitting flow through
the mixing chamber 38 and out nozzle 40. Prior to use, disc 42 acts
as a backup plate to prevent exteriorly applied pressure from
rupturing disc 44 prematurely, i.e., cutouts 49 adjacent to bores
14 and 16, respectively, reduce the area on which back pressure can
act.
Referring now to FIG. 4, the light line 71 indicates the path of
flow of the adhesive component stored in bore 14, i.e., Fluid A,
the heavy line 70 indicates the path of flow of the adhesive
component stored in bore 16, i.e., Fluid B, and the double line 72
indicates the path of the mixture of the adhesive components.
The mixing chamber functions as follows: fluid A enters through
cutouts in disc 42 and breaks through the rupture disc 44 at a
point defined by cutouts 50 in disc 46. Cutout 50 may be adjusted
slightly in diameter or changed in shape to afford a greater or
lesser force to break the ruptured disc 44. The fluid (A) is
directed through port 50 in disc 46 through port 74 in disc 52 and
through port 75 in disc 54 into chamber 77 in disc 56. At this
point only flow through the upper half of the mixing chamber will
be discussed since upper and lower halves are symmetric. Fluid A
enters area 79 of disc 56 and is injected thorugh holes 80 in disc
54 into area 78 of disc 52 where it makes its initial contact and
primary mixing with fluid B.
Fluid B has entered through cutouts 49 of backup disc 42 and has
broken through rupture disc 44 at a point defined by cutout 50 in
disc 46. The fluid B is directed through cutout 50 into a chamber
76 in disc 52 into an area 78 where the fluids first mix. After the
primary mixing, the fluids continue in chamber 76 to area 81 where
the fluids are forced through a number of holes 80 in disc 54 for
secondary mixing. The mixed fluid proceeds through chamber 82 in
disc 56, holes 84 in disc 58 for final mixing and chamber 86 in
disc 60 which directs the fluid to bore 68 in nozzle 40.
An important advantage of the structure of the mixing chamber is
that due to the extreme thinness of the chambers formed by the
cutouts in the various discs, little adhesive fluid is trapped and
wasted therein. The volume of the passageways from cutout 50 to
area 78 where the fluids first mix are in direct proportion to the
ratio in which the fluids A and B, respectively, are to be
combined. Further, the relative cross-sectional area of the pistons
and bores are in direct proportion to the ratio in which the fluid
components are to be combined.
Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present
invention are possible in the light of the above teachings. For
example, in order to maintain a reasonable mechanical advantage so
that the device remains operable with one hand, levers and/or
ratchets and/or screwthreads, etc. may be added to the present
system. In addition, gas or spring power may be provided to drive
the pistons. Also, fluid dispensers other than the one described
may be utilized within the scope of the invention. It is therefore
to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the
invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described
herein.
* * * * *