U.S. patent number 3,745,588 [Application Number 05/170,235] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-17 for article of clothing and method of making same.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Jack Winter Inc.. Invention is credited to Frank Pehle, Michael Winter.
United States Patent |
3,745,588 |
Pehle , et al. |
July 17, 1973 |
ARTICLE OF CLOTHING AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME
Abstract
An article of clothing in the nature of skirts, slacks, or
shorts including a main body of material adapted to encircle the
hips of the wearer and having a waistband at the top of the main
body of material adapted to fit snugly around the hips of the
wearer immediately below the waistline wherein the waistband
comprises an elongate band of outerwear material having upper and
lower edges folded inwardly to form hems embracing a band of
relatively heavy stiffener material, a row of stitching securing
each hem edge, and a strip of elastic material stitched into the
upper hem in stretched condition, so that when the elastic material
is relaxed, it contracts the upper edge of the waistband to form a
generally conical shape adapted to fit the similar shape of the
hips adjacent the waistline. The method of and the apparatus for
making the waistband and simultaneously attaching it to the main
body of material are also disclosed.
Inventors: |
Pehle; Frank (Milwaukee,
WI), Winter; Michael (Milwaukee, WI) |
Assignee: |
Jack Winter Inc. (Milwaukee,
WI)
|
Family
ID: |
22619104 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/170,235 |
Filed: |
August 9, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
2/221; 2/237 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D05B
35/062 (20130101); A41F 9/02 (20130101); D05D
2303/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A41F
9/00 (20060101); A41F 9/02 (20060101); D05B
35/06 (20060101); A41d 001/06 (); A41d
001/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;2/221,227,237,76,211,238 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Hunter; H. Hampton
Claims
We claim:
1. An article of clothing in the nature of skirts, slacks, or
shorts having a main body of material adapted to encircle the lower
portion of the body of the wearer and having a waistband at the top
of the main body of material adapted to fit around the hips of the
wearer adjacent the waistline, said waistband comprising an
elongate band of loosely woven outerwear material having its upper
edge folded over inwardly and stitched longitudinally in a hem and
its lower edge attached to the top of the main body, and a strip of
elastic material extending along the hem at the upper edge of the
elongate band and stitched thereto while stretched, so that when
the elastic strip is relaxed it contracts the weave along the upper
edge of the band without contracting the material along the lower
edge, forming a generally conical upleated shape in the waistband
adapted to hug the hips at the waistline.
2. An article as defined in claim 1, wherein the elastic material
has a width approximately equal to the width of the hem, and is
disposed inside the hem, and the band has a single row of stitching
securing the hem and the elastic strip.
3. An article as defined in claim 1, including an elongate band of
lining material along the inside of the waistband having its upper
edge attached to the upper edge of the outerwear band, and its
lower edge attached to the upper edge of the main body of the
garment.
4. An article as defined in claim 1, including an elongate band of
stiffener material along the inside of the waistband, having its
upper edge attached to the upper edge of the outerwear band and its
lower edge attached to the upper edge of the main body.
5. A garment as defined in claim 4, wherein the stiffener material
is a woven elastic material.
6. A garment in the nature of skirts, slacks, or shorts having a
main body of material adapted to encircle the lower portion of the
body of the wearer and having a waistband at the top of the main
body of material adapted to fit around the hips of the wearer
adjacent the waistline, said waistband comprising an elongate inner
band of stiffener material, an elongate band of outerwear material
having its upper edge folded inwardly over the upper edge of the
stiffener material to form an upper hem and having its lower edge
folded inwardly under the lower edge of the stiffener material to
form a lower hem, a row of stitching along the upper edge securing
the outerwear material and its hem to the stiffener material, a row
of stitching along the lower edge of the waistband securing the
outerwear material and its hem to the stiffener material and to the
upper edge of the main body of material, and a strip of elastic
material extending along the upper edge of the waistband inside the
hem and secured while stretched to the outerwear material and the
stiffener material by the upper row of stitching, so that when the
elastic strip is relaxed it contracts the upper edge of the
waistband and forms a generally conical shape in the waistband
adapted to snugly fit the hips of the wearer adjacent the
waistline.
7. A garment as defined in claim 6 including an inwardly disposed
disposed elongate band of lining material having its upper edge
secured to the waistband material by the upper row of stitching and
having its lower edge secured to the waistband material and the
main body of material by said lower row of stitching.
8. A garment as defined in claim 6 wherein the elongate band of
stiffener material comprises a relatively heavy web of woven
material which is elastic longitudinally.
9. A garment in the nature of skirts, slacks or shorts having a
main body of material adapted to encircle the lower portion of the
body of the wearer and having a waistband at the top of the main
body of material adapted to fit around the hips of the wearer
adjacent the waistline, said waistband comprising an elongate band
of outerwear material having its upper edge folded inwardly to form
an upper hem and its lower edge folded inwardly to form a lower hem
disposed outwardly of the upper edge of the main body of material,
an inner elongate band of lining material having its upper edge
folded outwardly to form an upper hem facing the upper hem of the
outerwear material and a lower edge folded outwardly to form a
lower hem facing the lower hem of the outerwear material and
disposed inwardly of the upper edge of the main body of material, a
row of stitching securing the outerwear material to the lining
material along the upper hems, a row of stitching securing the
outerwear material and the lining material to the upper edge of the
main body of material along the lower hems, and a strip of elastic
material extending along the upper hems and secured thereto by said
upper row of stitching while the elastic material is under tension,
so that when the elastic strip is relaxed it contracts the material
along the upper hems, forming a generally conical shape in the
waistband adapted to conform to the hips of the wearer adjacent the
waistline.
10. A garment as defined in claim 9 including an elongate band of
stiffener material disposed between the outerwear material and the
lining material and secured to both by the upper and lower rows of
stitching.
11. A garment as defined in claim 9 wherein the stiffener material
comprises a relatively heavy web of woven elastic material having
opposite edges disposed inside the hems of the outerwear
material.
12. A method of making a waistband for an article of clothing in
the nature of skirts, slacks or shorts having a main body of
material adapted to encircle the hips of the wearer and having the
waistband at the top of the main body of material adapted to fit
around the hips of the wearer adjacent the waistline, comprising
the steps of folding the upper edge of an elongate band of loosely
woven outerwear material to form a hem, advancing the hem past a
sewing station while forming a row of stitching securing the hem,
securing a strip of elastic material along the hem while
maintaining the elastic material stretched, and securing the lower
edge of the outerwear material to the top of the main body, so that
when the elastic strip is relaxed it contracts the upper edge of
the band without contracting the lower edge thereof to form a
generally conical unpleated shape adapted to fit the hips adjacent
the waistline.
13. A method as defined in claim 12, including the step of
disposing the elastic material inside the hem of the outerwear
material and forming the row of stitching to simultaneously secure
the hemmed edge in place and secure the elastic material in
place.
14. A method as defined in claim 12, including the step of securing
an elongate band of inner material to the outerwear material by a
row of stitching along the upper edge securing the lining material
to the outerwear material and a row of stitching along the lower
edge securing the lining material to the upper edge of the main
body of the garment.
15. A method of making a waistband for an article of clothing such
as skirts, slacks, or shorts having a main body of material adapted
to encircle the hips of the wearer and having the waistband at the
top of the main body of material adapted to fit the hips adjacent
the waistline, comprising the steps of advancing an elongate band
of outerwear material while folding the upper and lower edges
inwardly to form upper and lower hems, simultaneously advancing an
elongate band of stiffener material disposed inside the hems of the
outerwear material, simultaneously advancing an elongate strip of
elastic material disposed inside the upper hem of the outerwear
material while maintaining the elastic stip in stretched condition,
advancing the assembled waistband materials and the upper edge of
the main body of material past a sewing station while forming a row
of stitching along the upper hem securing the outerwear material,
the stiffener material and the elastic material together and a row
of stitching along the lower hem securing the outerwear material
and the stiffener material to the upper edge of the main body of
material so that when the elastic strip is relaxed, it contracts
the upper edge of the waistband to form a generally conical shape
adapted to hug the hips.
16. A method as defined in claim 15 including the step of advancing
an elongate band of lining material while folding upper and lower
edges outwardly to form hems facing the hems in the outerwear
material, advancing the lining material past the sewing station
with the upper edge aligned with the upper edge of the outerwear
material and with the lower edge disposed inside the upper edge of
the main body of material while the lower edge of the outerwear
material is disposed outside the upper edges of the main body of
material while the lower edge of the outerwear material is disposed
outside the upper edges of the main body of material, forming the
upper row of stitching to secure the lining material to the
outerwear material and forming the lower row of stitching to secure
the lining material to the main body of material.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In recent times, modern stylists have developed various articles of
clothing such as skirts, slacks and shorts, and the latter two
particularly, which are relatively short in waist length and which
are adapted to hang on the hips of the wearer or give the
impression of hanging on the hips of the wearer, in contrast to
other styles in which the waist length of the clothing article is
relatively longer and the waistband is relatively higher. As a
result, the waistband in the modern articles is disposed relatively
low and encircles a portion of the body which often tapers upwardly
from a relatively large hip measurement toward a relatively smaller
waist measurement. Thus, the waistband has in a sense become a
hipband, and in order to provide a close fit of the clothing, it is
desirable to provide a taper in the garment adjacent the waistline
in the nature of a conical formation.
In clothing articles of the type described, the main body of
material below the waistband is often tapered inwardly toward the
upper end of the article. The tapering sometimes is provided by
pleats and sometimes may be provided by means of darts, but the
problem of tapering the waistband is a different matter. In many
clothes in the past, the waistband has been set high enough on the
body that it may fit a portion of the body having a substantially
uniform measurement. However, in some current styles which
contemplate that the top of the garment will be worn lower on the
body, sometimes hanging on the hips at an area where the waistband
is associated with a tapering portion of the body, it is desirable
for the waistband to be tapered, or otherwise the upper edge of the
waistband may fit loosely, or if worn beneath a belt it may require
folding and gathering which may be both uncomfortable and
unsightly. In view of the construction of the waistband with
material extending longitudinally around the upper edge of the main
body of the garment, it is difficult to provide taper for the
reason that the waistband does not readily admit of construction
with pleats or darts.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is a general object of the present invention to provide an
article of clothing in the nature of skirts, slacks or shorts
having a tapered configuration at the upper portion thereof
including a waistband which has its length extending around the
article to encircle the wearer adjacent the waistline and which has
a generally conical shape adapted to hug the similarly shaped
portion of the body which is below the waistline.
In order to construct the waistband with an upward and inward taper
in the nature of a generally conical configuration, the upper edge
of the waistband is built with an elastic strip which is stitched
into place with the elastic strip under tension which stretches the
stip beyond its normal relaxed condition, so that when the tension
is removed and the strip is relaxed, the upper edge of the
waistband contracts in a manner which provides a generally conical
shape by crowding the weave of the material without creating
wrinkles or pleats in the outerwear material in the waistband.
In a waistband made according to the invention, the upper edge is
formed with an elongate band of outerwear material having an
inwardly turned hem incorporating a strip of elastic material which
is stitched into the hem with the elastic material in stretched
condition, so that when the elastic material is relaxed, it
contracts the upper edge of the waistband in a manner such that the
waistband is tapered inwardly from the bottom edge toward the top
edge.
More specifically, the waistband includes an elongate band of
outerwear material having upper and lower edges folded inwardly to
form hems embracing a relatively heavy stiffener material, a row of
stitching at the upper edge of the waistband securing the hem and
securing the elastic material and stiffener material to the
outerwear material, and a row of stitching along the bottom edge
securing the hem and securing the outerwear material and stiffener
material to the upper edge of the main body of the skirt, slacks or
shorts.
If desired, the stiffener material may comprise a relatively heavy
web of woven material which is elastic longitudinally.
In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the inside of the
waistband is faced with a band of lining material having hems
turned outwardly at the upper edge and the lower edge and secured
by the stitching previously mentioned, in an arrangement where the
lower hem of the outerwear material is disposed outwardly of the
main body of the article of clothing, and the lower hem of the
lining material is disposed inwardly of the upper edge of the main
body of the article.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an illustration of the upper portion of an article of
clothing such as skirts, slacks or shorts embodying a waistband
made according to the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a sewing table with a sewing
machine and also means for guiding waistband materials to a sewing
station where the waistband is formed and secured to the upper edge
of the main body of the material forming the article of
clothing;
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view through the sewing table at the
sewing station;
FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken at about the line 4--4
of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view through the folding
structure at about the line 5--5 of FIG. 4; and
FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the finished waistband
made according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings in more detail, FIG. 1 illustrates
the upper portion of an article of clothing 10 which may be a
skirt, or shorts, or slacks, having a main body of material 11 and
a waistband 12 embodying the principles of the present
invention.
Referring now to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, where the details of the
waistband construction are illustrated, it should be understood
that the main body 11 of the article of clothing is formed at the
top edge with a generally circular configuration adapted to
encircle the body of the wearer and may or may not include a break
in the periphery in the nature of a fly or placket as desired. The
inside of the main body of material is lined with a band of facing
material 15 which is folded laterally in the middle and disposed
inside the garment with the folded edge 16 at the bottom and the
free edges 17 at the top. A single row of stitching 18 holds the
upper edge 19 of the main body 11. The main body of material 11 may
be comprised of any number of woven outerwear materials. Loose
weaves, double knits and stretch fabrics are particularly suitable.
In order to provide some taper in the main body of material below
the waistband as shown in FIG. 1, the material may be slightly
gathered as indicated at 20 near the upper edge 19 in a
sufficiently small amount that the gathering may be pressed flat,
leaving the taper without the appearance of pleats or the like. The
facing material 15 may be somewhat lighter weight and may comprise
broadcloth or other similar materials.
The waistband comprises an elongate band of outerwear material as
at 25 having opposite upper and lower edges folded inwardly to form
hems at 26 and 27 which embrace a central inwardly disposed
elongate band of stiffener material 29 disposed inside the
outerwear material 25 and underneath hems 26 and 27. The lower edge
of the outerwear material 25 and the stiffener material 29, in the
vicinity of the hem 29, are disposed outside of the upper edge of
the main body of material 11.
The inside of the waistband is lined with an elongate band of
lining material 30 having upper and lower edges folded outwardly to
form hems as at 32 and 34 aligned respectively with the hems 26 and
27 in the outerwear material. The lower edge of the lining material
30 in the vicinity of the hem 34 is disposed inside the upper edge
of the main body of material 11. A single row of stitching as at 36
secures the hemmed edge 34 of the lining material 30 to the upper
edge of the main body of material 11 and at the same time secures
the stiffener material 29 and the outerwear hem 27 to the upper
edge of the main body of the garment. A single row of stitching 38
secures the upper hemmed edge 32 of the lining material 30 to the
upper hemmed edge 26 of the outerwear material, with the stiffener
material 29 inside the hem 26.
In order to provide for taper in the waistband according to the
present invention, the upper hem 26 of the outerwear material 25
incorporates a narrow strip of elastic material 40 which is
positioned inside the hem 26, disposed inwardly relative to the
stiffener material 29 and sewn into position by the row of
stitching 38 with the elastic material 49 in stretched condition,
so that after the hem is stitched and the tension on the elastic
material is relieved, the length of the material is reduced as it
returns to its relaxed state. In the process of returning to its
relaxed state, the elastic material contracts the other material
associated with it, as by crowding the woven strands in a manner
such that the upper edge of the waistband has a lesser diameter
than the lower edge of the waistband and the waistband assumes a
somewhat conical taper from the bottom edge to the top edge,
without the need for pleats which would be bulky and uncomfortable
in the relatively thick waistband and without the need of darts or
the like which would be impractical.
In a preferred garment, the outerwear material 25 is preferably a
loosely woven material of a type which is sometimes described as
double knit or of a type which may be described as stretch
material, though without necessarily incorporating actual strands
of rubber or other elastic. In general, the outerwear material is
of a weave which is loose enough that after contraction as
described above when the elastic strip 40 is relaxed, any gathering
of the material in the nature of pleats may be removed by steam
ironing so that the tapered configuration is provided without
unsightly or uncomfortable gathering. The stiffener material 29 may
be of a relatively heavy woven web which gives significant body and
strength to the waistband sufficient so as to maintain the
integrity and appearance despite subjection of the garment to
intensive wear. If desired, the stiffener material may include
longitudinal strands which provide elasticity longitudinally. The
lining material 30 may be similar to the facing material 15, and
even if the stiffener material 29 and the lining material 30 are
not of so-called stretch fabrics, it is possible for the elastic
strip 40 to educe the length of the upper edge of the waistband
significantly relative to the lower edge of the waistband without
incorporating pleats or other gatherings and sufficient to be
clearly visible to the eye and to be significantly smaller
functionally. The elastic strip 40 may comprise a rubber material
which is soft and resilient and has significant elastic strength
sufficient to contract the upper edge of the waistband as
described.
The method of and the apparatus for forming the improved waistband
and simultaneously securing the waistband to the main body of the
material forming the article of clothing are demonstrated in FIGS.
2, 3, 4 and 5. In particular, it is contemplated that the apparatus
may be provided in association with a sewing table 50 having a
sewing machine 52 including a reciprocating head 53 adjacent a
sewing station with a pair of needles 54 and 55 respectively
receiving threads 56 and 57 for forming the lower and upper rows of
stitching 36 and 38 as the combined materials in the waistband are
fed past the sewing station along with the upper edge of the main
body of material 11. In passing through the sewing station, the
combined materials are held down by an appropriate foot 59 which is
curved upwardly at 60 at the entrance end to admit the advancing
materials and which is appropriately apertured at 62 to permit the
reciprocating needles 54 and 55 to penetrate the waistband to form
the stitching 36 and 38. The sewing machine may be of conventional
construction and usually includes a material feeding mechanism
indicated generally at 64 beneath the foot 59 adapted to move
intermittently in the direction of the advancing material when the
needles are retracted and return again to the starting place.
As seen in FIG. 2, the outerwear material 25 is fed to the table 10
from a source beneath the table and advances upwardly to the table,
upwardly toward the front edge of the table where it passes through
a tensioning device 65 including a plurality of transversely
extending wire-like strands 66 where the material passes over one
and then under one through a tortuous path which has the effect of
retarding advance of the material somewhat, sufficiently to assure
that it remains in smooth condition longitudinally as it is
assembled with the other materials and advanced through the sewing
station. After the tensioning device 65, the material 25 passes
through a device 68 for folding the upper and lower hems about the
stiffener material 29. The folding device 68 includes an outer
folding plate 69 having a central portion disposed beneath a
holddown plate or tongue 70. The stiffener material 29 is fed from
an overhead roll 72 downwardly toward the entrance to the folding
device 68 where the stiffener material is positioned to overlie the
outerwear material 25 as the two materials enter the folding device
disposed beneath the holddown plate 70 and above the central
portion of the folder 69. As seen best at the bottom of FIG. 4, the
outerwear material 25 has a substantially greater width than the
stiffener material 29 as the two materials enter the folding
device. In order to control the lateral edges of the outerwear
material to fold it properly into the hems, the folder plate 69
includes lateral edges as at 75 which are turned inwardly to
overlie the edges of the outerwear material 25 as the latter enter
the folding apparatus. Progressing toward the sewing machine, the
overturned edges of the folder are then additionally turned toward
the centerline of the path of travel as at 76 in order to turn the
edges of the outerwear material to overlie the stiffener material
29, as will be understood on reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
As the upper hem edge 26 is turned over the stiffener material, the
elastic strip 40 is inserted into the hem. As seen in FIG. 2, the
elastic material 40 may be supplied from a source beneath the table
50. It is fed upwardly through a tensioning device as at 80 and
then to a turning guide 81 on the holddown plate 70. The turning
guide 81 functions to direct the leading end of the elastic strip
in a direction parallel to the hem edge 26 with the elastic
material disposed inside the hem above the stiffener material 29.
In order to guide the elastic strip 40 into the hem, a portion of
the holddown plate 70 is struck upwardly as at 83, so that the
elastic material enters the space between the holddown plate 70 and
the supporting portion of the folding plate 69. When the elastic
material is gripped in the hem 26 between the holding foot 59 and
the feeding device 64, it is sufficiently gripped that tension is
applied to stretch the material against the resistance offered by
the braking or tensioning device 80.
The device 80 may be of conventional construction and as
illustrated includes a base plate 85 over which the material 40
passes and a holddown plate 86 which is vertically movable on a
guide 87. The holddown plate 86 is biased toward the support plate
85 by a cup-shaped disc or spring seat 88 which receives the lower
end of a coiled compression spring 89. The spring 89 surrounds a
central post 90 supported on the guide 87 and threaded at the upper
end to recieve a spring adjustment nut 92 and a lock nut 93. In
this manner, the tension applied to the elastic material 40 may be
varied to assure the material is stretched sufficiently to shrink
enough to create the desired taper in the waistband.
The inner liner material 30 is fed from an overhead roll 100
through a folding device 102 which may be similar to that shown at
68, except inverted so that the hem edges 32 and 34 are directed
downwardly toward the remaining material. The lining material 30
enters the sewing station beneath the upwardly turned entrance end
60 on the holddown foot 59.
It will be understood that the apparatus described facilitates the
forming of the waistband embodying the present invention and
simultaneous attachment to the upper edge of the main body of the
skirt, slacks or shorts. The outerwear material 25 is folded and
advanced simultaneously with the stiffener material 29 as the
elastic material 40 is inserted into the upper hem. At the same
time, the lining material is folded at the upper and lower edges
and advanced toward the sewing station with the upper edge of the
main body of the garment disposed between the lower hem of the
outerwear material and the lower hem of the lining material. At a
single sewing station, both edges of the waistband are secured by
two simple rows of stitching which may be of a conventional type.
After the waistband passes the sewing station, and the tension on
the elastic material 40 is relaxed, the upper edge of the waistband
shrinks to produce the desired taper.
* * * * *