U.S. patent number 3,744,208 [Application Number 05/190,560] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-10 for grout accommodating shells for easy storage and transport.
Invention is credited to Abram N. Spanel.
United States Patent |
3,744,208 |
Spanel |
July 10, 1973 |
GROUT ACCOMMODATING SHELLS FOR EASY STORAGE AND TRANSPORT
Abstract
There is disclosed outer shells for use with concrete inserts or
locking sleeves fabricated from plastic or elastomeric materials,
round or otherwise geometrical in cross section, a large portion of
the length of the shell is accordion pleated, with the plastic
pleat areas sufficiently flexible to permit the entire assembly to
be compressibly collapsed along its length and held by suitable
means in the collapsed position for storage and transport. Other
embodiments show elongated carton-like configurations, which are
foldable for easy storage transport.
Inventors: |
Spanel; Abram N. (Princeton,
NJ) |
Family
ID: |
22701841 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/190,560 |
Filed: |
October 19, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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821841 |
May 5, 1969 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
52/706; 52/127.9;
52/127.3 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04G
15/061 (20130101); E04G 9/021 (20130101); E04G
9/083 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E04G
15/00 (20060101); E04G 15/06 (20060101); E04b
001/41 () |
Field of
Search: |
;52/706,703,698,704,705,577,576,127,708,709,710,711 ;46/146 ;84/376
;138/119,121 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Faw, Jr.; Price C.
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 821,841, filed May
5, 1969, and now abandoned.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Apparatus for use in a concrete construction for surrounding and
positioning a rod or a bolt used for strengthening said
construction or for securing a machine or other device thereto,
comprising,
a. a thin shelled longitudinal tubular member of a predetermined
length disposed about a given axis, said member having a top and a
bottom end, said member having a given cross sectional
configuration about said axis and having a major continuous surface
thereof disposed about said axis said surface including means
thereon permitting said member to be in either one of two states,
said first state corresponding to said tubular member disposed
about said given axis and substantially of a given volume, said
second state corresponding to the activation of said means to cause
said given volume to be substantially reduced,
b. means coupled to and disposed within the hollow confines of said
member for adapting said member for use in said concrete
construction.
2. The article of manufacture according to claim 1 wherein said
means on said major surface comprises,
a. a plurality of flexible accordion-like pleats distributed along
the length thereof adapting said member to be compressed along said
given axis to substantially reduce said volume.
3. The article of manufacture according to claim 1 wherein said
means on said surface comprises a plurality of creases parallel to
said given axis and along said length for adapting said member to
be collapsed by reducing the cross sectional area perpendicular to
said given axis and thusly reducing said volume.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said means coupled to
and disposed within the hollow confines of said member,
comprising,
a. a rod mounted relatively parallel to said given axis and of a
length greater than said predetermined length so as to extend
beyond said top and bottom ends.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4 further comprising,
a. an annular ring having an aperture located thereon of a diameter
sufficient to accommodate said rod, and
b. means coupling said annular ring to one of said ends of said
longitudinal member to surround and position said rod.
6. The apparatus according to claim 4 wherein at least one of said
ends has located on a surface thereof a plurality of perforations
forming a wedge shaped configuration and adapted to surround any
one of a plurality of different dimensioned cross sectioned
rods.
7. A grout accommodating shell configuration, for use in a concrete
construction, comprising,
a. a relatively thin-shelled longitudinal tubular member of a
predetermined length disposed about a given axis, said member
fabricated from a compressible elastomeric material, said
thin-shelled member having the major surface thereof about said
given axis defined by a plurality of pleat-like protrusions giving
said member an accordion-like construction,
b. means coupled to said thin-shelled member attachable to hold the
same in a first compressed position to cause said member to assume
a length substantially less than said predetermined length, whereby
when said means are removed said elastomeric thin-shelled member
assumes a second position wherein said length is between the said
compressed length and said predetermined length, and
c. means coupled to and disposed within the hollow confines of said
longitudinal member for adapting said member for use in said
concrete construction.
8. The grout accommodating shell configuration according to claim
7, further comprising a grout substance coupled within the hollow
confines of said tubular member for fixedly securing said means
coupled therein, and interposed between said pleat-like
protrusions, for preventing said shell from being pulled out of
said concrete construction.
9. The grout accommodating shell according to claim 8 wherein said
means coupled to and disposed within the hollow confines of said
member comprises,
a. a rod rigidly mounted between opposing sides of said
longitudinal tubular member within the hollow confines thereof,
said rod as positioned within said member being substantially
perpendicular to said given axis,
b. a bolt member coupled to said rod member and an opposite
threaded end, protruding from said open face end, and
c. means coupled to said threaded end of said bolt for securing
said bolt to utilization means external to said concrete
construction.
10. In combination with concrete insert apparatus of the type
employing a rod assembly positionally variable within an outer
shell for insertion into a concrete construction, the improvement
in said shell comprising,
a. a longitudinal tubular member of a predetermined length having a
top open faced end surrounded by a flange having at least a first
aperture thereon, said member fabricated from a compressible
material and having the major surface thereof defined by a
plurality of pleat-like ridges giving said member an accordion-like
construction, said member further having on a surface opposite to
said open face end a second aperture of the same relative dimension
as said first, and
b. at least one rod of a diameter smaller than said first and
second apertures forceably inserted therethrough to expand said
accordion-like structure.
Description
This invention relates to grout accommodating shell configurations
for use in concrete constructions, and more particularly, to such
shell configurations adaptable for easy storage and transportation,
by utilizing compressible and foldable embodiments.
In the manufacture of many commercial items, if they are of any
appreciable size, there always arises the question of space used in
storage, as available in active stockrooms and warehouses, as well
as in transportation vehicles. Obviously, when such items are
relatively large the problems of storage and transportation may be
formidable. Certain materails, such as steel, glass, wood or even
very hard plastic items or containers are not generally subjected
to compression or folding and hence require large storage and
transportation volume capacity, resulting in large storage and
transportation costs.
Containers made of paper, cardboard, flexible or semi-rigid
plastics, and other types as elastomeric compounds are however
compressible from their maximum container size. Accordingly, even
huge cartons are shipped flat by the carton maker to the
manufacturer, and as folded or compressed, arrive at their
destination neatly creased. Obviously if such a container were to
reach the manufacturer of finished products in a rumpled or
crumpled condition, such containers would not be useable.
The problems are compounded by industrial products of relatively
large dimensions, and especially those that weigh little but take
up a great deal of space in storage and transportation.
Specifically, in the concrete construction field apparatus is
available and referred to as bolt fastening devices, locking
sleeves and so on. Such devices, in general, enable the builder or
constructor to couple steel beams and other forms to concrete, to
strengthen the concrete in flexure and tension modes and generally
to facilitate the construction of buildings, piers, bulk heads,
etc., using the beneficial properties of steel or concrete
extensively.
If reference is made to my copending application entitled "CONCRETE
INSERT APPARATUS" Ser. number 792,731 filed on Jan. 21, 1969 now
U.S. Pat. No. 3,597,893, certain embodiments of such concrete
inserts or bolt fastening devices are shown. If reference is again
made to still another of my copending applications entitled
"LOCKING SLEEVES AND RINGS FOR USE IN CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION," Ser.
No. 817,815, filed Apr. 21, 1969, and now U.S. Pat. No. 3,548,554,
examples of locking sleeves for reinforcing steel bars and so on,
are shown.
Both types of devices involve the use of grout accommodating outer
shells of various configurations and sizes cooperating with bolts,
rods and so on.
The devices to be permanently embedded in concrete or cement, are
made of rigid, semi-rigid or flexible plastic and are clearly bulky
and space consuming and therefore are expensive to store and
transport.
Certain of these shells, as explained, in my above noted copending
applications may run from 4 inches to 12 inches in diameter and
from 6 inches to 48 inches or more in length. One may readily see
that such bulky units place an inordinate cost-burden in
warehousing and transportation.
This factor is worsened by considering the relatively low
production cost of such items, which may therefore actually be
exceeded by the storage and shipping costs.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide grout
accommodating shells for use in a concrete construction which are
adaptable to be economically stored and transported.
A further object is to provide grout accommodating shells of such
configuration and materials, enabling them to be easily compressed
or folded during storage or shipment and easily uncompressed for
use at a construction site.
These and other objects of the present invention are implemented by
making relatively thin, cylindrical shells of plastic or
elastomeric materials, round or square in cross section. The major
portion of the length of the shell is accordion pleated, with the
plastic pleat areas or recesses therein sufficiently flexible to
permit the entire bulk assembly via its flexible accordion-like
surface to be compressedly collapsed and held in the collapsed
state by suitable means to thereby substantially reduce the volume
required for shipping and storage.
Other embodiments utilize shell configurations formed as elongated
carton-like structures, which because of predetermined creases
therein can be collapsed during storage and shipment and easily
reassembled for use on a construction site.
These and other objects of the present invention will become
clearer if reference is made to the specification when read in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 -- is a perspective view with a partial section showing an
accordion-like shell insertable in concrete according to this
invention.
FIG. 2 -- is a perspective view showing the compressed state of the
accordion-like shell shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 -- is a partial perspective view of still another embodiment
of a concrete insert device.
FIG. 4 -- is a perspective plan view of an alternate embodiment of
an accordion grout accommodating shell for use in reinforcing
concrete constructions.
FIG. 5 -- is a top view of an embodiment according to FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 -- is a perspective view showing a "carton-like" shell
configuration according to this invention.
FIG. 7 -- is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 6 in a
collapsed position suitable for storage.
FIG. 8 -- shows a partial front view of an alternate embodiment of
grout accommodating shell.
FIG. 9 -- is a perspective view showing another embodiment of a
grout accommodating accordion-like shell.
FIG. 10 -- is a perspective view of still another embodiment
according to the invention.
FIG. 11 -- is a partial sectional view of an insert device
employing a shell according to the invention, further showing the
coupling thereof to a maching leg secured thereby on a concrete
foundation.
Referring to FIG. 1 there is shown a concrete insert comprising a
relatively thin cylindrical shell 10. The shell 10 has an outer
surface which possesses a plurality of pleats 11 thereon, giving
the same an "accordion-like" appearance. The bottom end 12 of the
shell is closed and the top end has a large hole 14.
A bolt 15 having a threaded end also has an eye end 16 which
encircles a rod or member 17. The rod 17 is coupled to the shell 10
via two accommodating openings 18 and 19 located on opposing sides
thereof. Such a device as shown is suitably positioned prior to the
insertion of concrete which will form a wall foundation or other
structure. The concrete is then poured and thus surrounds the
entire shell 10. The pleated surfaces 11 as shown in FIG. 1, serve
with the concrete surrounding the same to firmly and rigidly secure
the assembly within the concrete. The inner related bolt 15 may
then be positioned to cooperate with an accommodating hole in the
leg of a heavy machine or other device which is to be positioned on
the concrete floor. Grout is then poured into the hollow confines
of the cylindrical shell 10 to surround the bolt 15 and secure the
entire assembly to the concrete. The hardening of the grout and the
pleated accordion profile of the shell 10 serves to prevent the
pulling of the assembly out of the floor or construction. The
combined action thus prevents the machine from moving or "walking"
due to its own vibrating modes. Other advantages and desirable
features of the uses of such insert devices are more clearly
explained in my above first-noted copending application.
As one can see from the FIG. 1 the shell 10 may be for example 6
inches long and of suitable diameter, thus primarily determining
the total volume of the grout or concrete inserted and its
resulting structural strength.
However, the outer shell 10 may be fabricated from a plastic or
elastomeric material, a compounded cellulosic paper bond or
vulcanized fiber board and may be relatively thin. Accordingly in
conjunction with the pleated or accordion-like configuration, the
entire shell may be easily compressed as shown in FIG. 2. Thus the
compressed shell 10 is held compressed in its shipping container. A
shipping container 34 is shown in FIG. 2. The container 34 is a
conventional type as used for the transport of goods, having five
closed sides and an opening for insertion of the shell 25. As can
be seen, the shell 25 will remain in a compressed state during
shipping due to the forces exerted on the shell by the opposite
sides of container 34. A lid 35 is shown to enable closing of the
container during transport.
Many other means attachable to the shell 25 may be utilized as well
to cause the same to remain in a compressed or collapsed state
during shipment. The rods or sticks inserted through the holes 22
and 23 around the flange 25 surrounding the top open surface,
facilitates decompressing said shell and even enabling one to pull
it out to its original length size before it was compressed. Each
stick 20 and 21 may have diameters smaller than the cooperating
holes thereby enabling grout or cement to be poured through said
holes and into the said shell, the holes thus serving a dual
purpose. The inserted sticks may have their ends positioned
adjacent to the periphery in the bottom surface of the shell by
accommodating collars or half-collars 28 and 29 located on the
bottom surface of the shell 10.
The sticks or rods 20 and 21 fabricated from plastic, wood and so
on serve to hold the shell 10 in its extended state as already
described.
When a construction job calls for the use of such an insert device
the shell 10 is pulled out of its shipping container, the shell is
expanded by the sticks and promptly put to use in its substantially
expanded form as shown in FIG. 1 or, in other words, extended to
any desired predetermined length, the length of the sticks doing
the predetermining.
The rod 17 is then inserted through one accommodating hole as 18,
the bolt 15 is then placed therein and the rod pushed through the
other accommodating hole 19, thereby forming and assembling the
insert apparatus shown in FIG. 1. It will be clear that protruding
rod 17 shown in FIG. 1 may be used in FIG. 3 and FIG. 11 with a
chain or cable between it and the bolt to which it is attached.
Referring to FIG. 3 there is shown a cylindrical accordion-like
outer shell member 36 having a broken away top section. The unit
shown has a top opening surrounded by a flange similar to that
shown in FIG. 1. The closed bottom surface has a hole disposed
about the central axis of the shell 10 which hole accommodates an
eye bolt 32 secured thereto by a nut or other conventional means.
The eye bolt 32 is coupled via a chain 30 fabricated from steel or
other suitable construction material. The other end of the chain 30
being coupled to the eye of the bolt 34. The aforementioned holes,
in the top surface, as shown in FIG. 1, accommodate sticks or
rod-like structures which are also of a larger diameter than the
hole and in this instance coupled to and are positioned in the
collars or half-collars 38 and 40 in the bottom surface of the
shell 36 fabricated on the inside of the shell as shown. In this
manner the sticks are inserted into the top holes, they expand the
thin elastomeric shell 36 and co-act with the stick accommodating
half-collars 38 and 40. The shell again has its outside pleated
surface inserted in concrete and the inside hollow filled with
grout or cement which surrounds and secures the chain 30 and bolt
34 as described in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,597,893.
The holes located on the flange of the top surface as shown in FIG.
1, can also serve as grout spouts to enable pouring of grout
therethrough after shell is inserted in accommodating concrete and
surrounded thereby.
FIG. 4 shows a shell 40 having a cylindrical or tubular
configuration, having the major surface thereof defined by pleats
43, giving the shell 40 the accordion-like appearance. The shell 40
is again fabricated as a relatively thin-skinned shell of plastic
or elastomeric material easily compressible for storage and transit
due to the accordion structure facilitated by the pleat sections.
The shell 40 on both the top and bottom surfaces thereof has
perforations forming pie-like wedge sections 44 as more clearly
shown in the top view of FIG. 5. The unit or shell is compressed as
the abovementioned unit and when used in a construction job is
expanded. The shell 40 is then forced over a structural supporting
rod 42 which forces the wedges upward about the rod as shown. If
the shell 40 does not fully expand a friction tape 46 fixes the
pie-shaped wedge ends 44 to the rod. The shell 40 may now be fully
expanded by pulling the bottom end downward until the predetermined
length is obtained. The bottom wedges may be pulled downward by the
workman to surround the rod 42, as shown, and these wedge ends are
taped to the rod as well. Thus the shell 40 is fully expanded and
the entire unit can be placed in a suitable hole to aid in
reinforcing a poured concrete construction. For examples of other
utilities of such devices see my U.S. Pat. No. 3,548,554.
FIG. 6 shows a locking sleeve shell 60 for a bolt member 52. The
shell 60 is fabricated from a suitable material such as plastic or
elastomeric, or mixed and compounded cellulosic paper board,
vulcanized fiber board and the like. The shell 60 is much like a
folding elongated carton and as such has appropriate creases on the
surface thereof to facilitate easy folding for shipping and
storage. As can be seen from the figure the elongated carton-like
member has flaps 58 surrounding the bottom opening thereof, which
flaps are folded over the bottom opening, as done for a cardboard
carton, and then secured together by a suitable tape. Such tape is
of the well known type impervious to water and of high tensile
strength.
A bar or rod is inserted through holes 55 and 56 and is encircled
by the shell 60. The entire unit is placed in an accommodating
concrete construction. Concrete is poured around the shell 60,
which serves to position the rod 52 desirably. A grout spout or
suitable hole, not shown, is utilized to permit the pouring in of a
suitable grout within the hollow confines of the elongated
carton-like member 60.
FIG. 7 shows the member 60 of FIG. 6 folded by means of the
above-mentioned creases, as would be the case in storage or
transit.
Referring to FIG. 8 there is shown a sectional view of a locking
sleeve utilized as above shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7. The top and
bottom ends have a pleated cone-like appearance. The cone 63 having
pleats 64, is easily compressible and further is used to
accommodate rods 62 of varying diameters by cutting off
corresponding sections of the cone member 63.
FIG. 9 shows a locking sleeve 70 having an accordion type
surface.
A top rectangular ring or cover 72 has a hole 80 for accommodating
rods 71 of various diameters. Such rectangular rings as 72 can be
prefabricated with holes 80 to accommodate rods of various
diameters. There is a flange 73 about the top-end surface and a
flange about the bottom surface, not shown. The top flange 73 has
two holes 74 and 75 on opposing sides of the hole 80. The bottom
ring 82 has a corresponding hole to accommodate the rod and two
similar, stick-accommodating blind holes or half-collars to enable
forced expansion of the shell. To fix bottom rectangular ring 82 to
shell 70 as well as top ring 72, cooperating tie strings 78 are
provided. With the bottom 82 sealed, the grout or cement poured
into the shell 70 will not leak out, and after the grout is fully
poured the top ring 72 like the corresponding bottom ring 82 may be
secured by the mentioned tie strings 78 much like shoes are laced
or tied.
FIG. 10 shows an elongated carton-like sleeve 84, having an open
top and bottom and creased to be folded as a carton member is
folded. The rod 85 is again inserted through hole 87 in the top
cover 86 and a similar bottom ring or cover 88. The holes as 87 can
be made of various diameters for accommodating various size rods
85.
FIG. 11 shows an insert of the type as shown above for FIG. 3
coupling a machine leg 80 to a concrete floor. The uncompressed
shell 95 has an eye bolt 97 coupled to the bottom surface thereof
and held in place by a nut 98. The eye end of the bolt 97 is
encircled by a flexible steel cable 96 which at its other end
encircles the eye end of another eye bolt 92.
The outer shell 95 is inserted in a hole cut into a cement floor or
on a foundation located where concrete is to be poured. The
concrete is thus poured surrounding the shell 95. Hardening of the
concrete 94 causes the floor or slab surface to be formed. A
machine 90 is then positioned over the top opening of the shell.
The bolt 92 is completely positioned within the area of the top
open surface. The bolt 92 is then inserted through the
accommodating hole in the machine leg and a nut 91 secures the bolt
to the leg. Grouting 93 is now poured into and encompasses the
hollow confines of the shell 95 to surround the cable 96, the bolt
92 to firmly secure them within the shell and within the concrete
floor.
* * * * *