U.S. patent number 3,744,114 [Application Number 05/075,137] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-10 for swaging tools.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Dunlop Holdings Limited. Invention is credited to Gordon Thomas Melsom.
United States Patent |
3,744,114 |
Melsom |
July 10, 1973 |
SWAGING TOOLS
Abstract
A swaging tool, for assembling hose to couplings, which permits
a limited range of hose sizes to be swaged with one tool, while
avoiding the undesirable formation of lobes, which lead to leaks.
The tool has a plurality of outer dies arranged around one axis,
the outer dies moving in a radial direction on opening and closing
of the tool. Positioned between the outer dies are insert which
also move in a radial direction on opening and closing of the tool.
Both the dies are in contact with the hose assembly when the tool
is closed, of which the following is a specification.
Inventors: |
Melsom; Gordon Thomas
(Gateshead, EN) |
Assignee: |
Dunlop Holdings Limited
(London, EN)
|
Family
ID: |
10453091 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/075,137 |
Filed: |
September 24, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Oct 9, 1969 [GB] |
|
|
49,655/69 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
29/237 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01R
43/058 (20130101); B21D 39/046 (20130101); H01R
43/0585 (20130101); Y10T 29/5367 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
H01R
43/04 (20060101); B21D 39/04 (20060101); H01R
43/058 (20060101); B23p 019/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;29/237,243.52
;72/402,121 ;10/153 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Simpson; Othell M.
Claims
Having now described my invention, what I claim is:
1. A swaging tool comprising a plurality of outer dies arranged
around an axis, each outer die movable relative to and in unison
with the other outer dies in a radial or a substantially radial
direction with respect to said axis, a number of insert dies
positioned between at least some of the adjacent pairs of outer
dies, each of said insert dies being positioned in recesses formed
in each of the dies of an adjacent pair of outer dies, means to
circumferentially locate each insert die relative to the recesses
of an adjacent pair of outer dies and each insert die being
supportable by a shoulder formed by the recess in each of the outer
dies of an adjacent pair of outer dies so as to be movable relative
to and in unison with the outer dies in a radial or a substantially
radial direction with respect to said axis.
2. The swaging tool of claim 1, the tool having at least four outer
dies and an insert die between each pair of adjacent outer dies,
said tool composed of two parts separated by a diametrical
axis.
3. The swaging tool of claim 2, comprising four outer dies, two of
said outer dies being side dies, each side die being composed of
two side die portions separated on said diametrical axis; each part
comprising a central outer die; a side die portion positioned on
each side of the central outer die; and an insert die positioned
between each side die portion and the central outer die.
4. The swaging tool of claim 1 in which the means to
circumferentially locate the insert dies is compression springs
housed in recesses formed in the outer dies and insert dies.
5. A swaging tool as claimed in claim 2 including a cover plate for
each part of the tool, the cover plate fixedly attached to the
center die, and means slidingly attaching the side dies to the
cover plates, to permit the radial movement thereof.
6. A swaging tool as claimed in claim 2, the diametrical axis
extending horizontally, and each part of the tool having an
external shape to fit in a corresponding recess in a tool body of a
press.
Description
This invention relates to swaging tools, particularly to swaging
tools such as are used for assembling hose to couplings and similar
items.
It is desirable that the swaging should extend for as much of the
periphery of the coupling as possible. Also it is desirable that
the swaging should be circular without the formation of lobes. This
is particularly the case for couplings for high pressure hose, to
provide effective sealing against leaks.
Effective swaging can be obtained if dies are made and used for
only one specific size. However, if any attempt is made to use the
dies for a size slightly larger than the specific size, the final
shape is not circular. For example, if four dies are used, sliding
radially, then as the size actually being swaged increases above
the designed or specific size the swaged form tends to form four
lobes, giving a somewhat square shape, in cross-section.
The present invention provides an arrangement of dies which will
permit a limited range of size swaged for any particular set of
dies. In accordance with the present invention there is provided a
plurality of outer dies around an axis, each die movable relative
to and in unison with the other dies, in a radial or generally
radial direction, and a number of insert dies positioned between at
least some of the outer dies, the insert dies movable relative and
in unison with the outer dies also in a radial or generally radial
direction. The outer dies and insert dies are movable from an open
position, wherein gaps exist between adjacent outer dies and
between insert and outer dies, to an extreme position wherein the
outer dies and insert dies are all in close or substantially close
contact.
In a particular example a swaging tool comprises four dies. The
tool is arranged to open on a diametric center line, to admit an
assembly for swaging. For convenience parts will be referred to as
upper and lower with the opening line extending horizontally,
although it will be appreciated that other arrangements can readily
be provided. Thus the tool has an upper part which comprises a
central die normally fixedly attached to a main tool body in turn
connected or attached to the ram of a press.
In addition to the central die, the upper part of the tool also has
two further upper side die portions, one of each side of the
central die and the side dies have limited sideways movement
relative to the central die. Additionally the side dies are
connected to the main tool body for movement therewith. By this
arrangement, the central die moves vertically in relation to the
coupling being swaged, this movement also being radial. The side
dies move vertically and also horizontally inwards towards the
coupling and the final movement is thus radial, or generally
so.
Situated between each side die and the central die is an insert
die. Each insert die is located, relative to the outer or side and
central dies either side, so that it also has a generally radial
movement. Conveniently compression springs are positioned between
each insert and the associated outer dies to tend to move them
apart. Compression springs may also be positioned between the
central die and the side dies.
A similar arrangement of central die, inserts and lower portions of
said side dies forms the lower part of the tool. It will be seen
that the tool therefore has four outer dies, and four insert dies,
for the particular arrangement described. On opening and closing of
the tool, the outer dies and insert dies move away from each other
and towards each other.
The number of outer dies can vary as can also the number of insert
dies, although it has been found that tools with four outer dies
and four insert dies provide a suitable arrangement for swaging in
the range of three-sixteenths inch to 2 inches. Larger dimensions
can be swaged but an increase in the number of dies may be useful
for much larger sizes.
A particular embodiment with four outer dies and four insert dies
will now be described in detail, by way of example in conjunction
with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a tool for mounting in a press the tool being in
an open position and viewed in a direction along an axis which
would be the axis of coupling positioned in the tool for swaging,
with a cover plate removed for clarity;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 but with the tool in a
closed position, and
FIG. 3 is a side elevation of a press incorporating the tool shown
in FIGS. 1 and 2.
The tool comprises upper and lower parts indicated at 10 and 11
respectively. The upper part 10 comprises a central die 12, and
upper portions 13 of the two side dies. Between each side die 13
and the central die 12 is an insert die 14. The central die is
attached to a tool body which in turn is attached to the ram of a
press (see FIG. 3). A cover plate 15 (FIG. 3) is attached to the
central die 12 by a screw 16 and dowels 17. The cover plate extends
over the central die 12, the side dies 13 and the insert dies 14.
The side dies are movably attached to the cover plate 15 by screws
18 passing through appropriate slots in the cover plate.
Compression springs 20 are positioned between each insert and the
die on each side and also between each die. The springs are housed
in holes drilled or otherwise formed in the dies and insert
dies.
The lower part 11, of the tool, is similar to the upper part and
comprises central die 22, lower portions 23 of the two side dies,
and insert dies 24. The central die 22 is attached to a part of the
press and usually is stationary. A cover plate 25 is attached to
the central die 22 by a screw 26 and the dowels 27. The side dies
23 are movably attached to the cover plate 25 by screws 28 passing
through slots in the cover plate and each side die portion 23 of
the lower part 11 is attached by means of a dowel 31 to a
corresponding side die portion 13 of the upper part 10. Compression
springs 30 are positioned between inserts 24 and dies 22 and 23,
and between the dies.
As seen in FIG. 3, the upper central die 12 is attached to a side
plate 35 by means of a screw 36, the side plate in turn attached to
an upper tool body 37 by screws 38. The tool body 37 is attached to
the ram of a press (not shown). In addition to being attached to
the side plate 35, the upper portions 13 of the side dies, are
positioned in a recess (not shown) inside the upper tool body
37.
Similarly, the lower central die 22 is attached to a side plate 40
by a screw 41, the side plate in turn attached to a lower tool body
42 by screws 43. The lower tool body 42 is attached to the bed of a
press (not shown). The lower central die 22, and the lower side die
23, are positioned in a reces (not shown) inside the lower tool
body 42.
Grease nipples 44 are provided in the side plates 35 and 40 to
enable grease to be forced between the dies and the surfaces of the
recesses in the tool bodies to reduce friction.
In operation the tool is opened by the upper part 10 of the tool
being lifted by the press ram and upper tool body 37. The central
die 12 moves upward, carrying with it the cover plate 15. The cover
plate 15 lifts the side dies 13 but these dies are also moved
sideways by the action of the springs 20. Also the insert dies 14
are moved to intermediate positions between the central die 12 and
the side dies 13. The springs 20 and 30 thus act as means to
circumferentially locate the insert dies.
When the upper part 10 is lifted the side dies 23, of the lower
part of the tool, move upwards and outwards. The central die 22
does not move but insert dies 24 move to positions intermediate the
central die 22 and side dies 23 by camming against sholder 48.
Dowels 31 extend between the side dies 13 of the upper part and the
side dies 23 of the lower part. Both cover plates 15 and 25 have a
semi-circular recess to allow for the insertion of a coupling.
A coupling and the hose is positioned between the tool parts and
then the press is operated to close the tool. As the tool closes,
the various dies move towards each other with the inserts being
supported by shoulders of each of the recesses and by the springs
20,30, and at the same time the coupling will be pushed down on to
the central die 22.
For a specific size coupling, the outer dies and insert dies are
designed and made to close completely. However, it is possible to
swage a coupling which is slightly bigger than the specific size
for which the tool is designed. This is because the dies and
inserts are spaced around the coupling and the extra
circumferential dimension is divided into a number of gaps between
the various dies and inserts. Thus the amount of out-of-roundness
produced on an oversize coupling is quite small. Normally the size
of the coupling is very important and very little oversize can be
allowed for acceptable swaging. With the present invention oversize
of 0.1 inch can readily be accommodated and larger oversizes can
often be accommodated. Some limitation to the oversize is set by
the maximum gap which can be permitted between outer dies and
insert dies. Generally this gap -- in the closed condition --
should not exceed 11/2 times the thickness of the wall of the
sleeve of the coupling which is to be swaged.
Although described, and illustrated, as being mounted for vertical
movement of the tool, it can also be mounted for horizontal
movement. Also both parts of the tool can be movable, if
desired.
* * * * *