U.S. patent number 3,743,751 [Application Number 05/110,484] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-03 for combined musical instrument and drum sound effects unit.
Invention is credited to Renato L. Ibanez.
United States Patent |
3,743,751 |
Ibanez |
July 3, 1973 |
COMBINED MUSICAL INSTRUMENT AND DRUM SOUND EFFECTS UNIT
Abstract
A drum sound effects unit is combined with a stringed musical
instrument to produce drum accompaniment to add a definite, rigid
beat and depth to the music being played. The musical instrument
has a body and elongated neck portion with a plurality of strings
extending along the same. The drum sound effects unit is an
electronic device that produces sounds at a selected tempo
independent of the instrument and to be followed by the playing of
the instrument. The sound unit is compact and enclosed in the
instrument thereby making said instrument self contained. The
on-off switch is also carried by the instrument and is operative in
response to a control lever of a tremulant unit, said lever
extending over at least some of the strings in one position and
spaced away from the strings in another position. A reversing
switch is provided to select the desired on and off position. A
self-contained stereo transmitter may be provided in the instrument
for processing the sound signals to be reproduced in stereo.
Additional controls for the drum sound effects unit are provided in
spaced relationship for volume, style and tempo; the volume being
variable by the inside of the forearm of the player.
Inventors: |
Ibanez; Renato L. (Arlington,
VA) |
Family
ID: |
22333263 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/110,484 |
Filed: |
January 28, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
84/741; 84/742;
984/351 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G10H
3/18 (20130101); G10H 1/40 (20130101); G10H
2240/211 (20130101); G10H 2210/361 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G10H
3/18 (20060101); G10H 3/00 (20060101); G10H
1/40 (20060101); G10h 003/00 (); G10h 005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;84/1.01,1.13,1.16,1.26,DIG.12,313 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wilkinson; Richard B.
Assistant Examiner: Witkowski; Stanley J.
Claims
I claim:
1. A stringed musical instrument comprising a body and elongated
neck portion, a plurality of strings extending along the body and
neck portion for producing musical sounds when played, and in
combination a free-running drum sound effects unit interconnected
with said instrument, said unit operating to produce sounds at a
selected tempo independent of the instrument and to be followed by
playing of the instrument, and on-off switch means mounted on said
instrument separate from said strings so as to be operable
independently, said switch means being positioned adjacent said
strings to allow ease of operation during playing of said
instrument and interconnected to and for directly controlling said
drum sound effects unit.
2. The stringed musical instrument and drum sound effects unit
combination of claim 1 wherein said instrument further comprises a
control lever for engagement by the player's playing hand, pivot
mounting means on said instrument for said lever for extending the
same in one position over at least some of the strings and in
another position spaced away from said strings, and wherein said
switch means is interconnected with said lever so as to be
operative in response to pivoting of said lever whereby said sound
effects unit may be controlled in response to the natural movement
of the player's hand across the strings during playing.
3. The musical instrument and drum sound effects unit combination
of claim 2 wherein said lever is interconnected with said switch
means so as to be operable to actuate said switch means to the on
position to operate said drum sound effects unit when the same is
placed in position physically overlying at least some of said
strings.
4. The musical instrument and drum sound effects unit combination
of claim 3 wherein is further provided a second switch connected in
circuit with said switch means for reversing the operation of the
same so that said switch means may be placed in the operating
position when said lever is pivoted free of said strings.
5. the musical instrument and drum sound effects unit combination
of claim 1 wherein said drum sound effects unit is mounted on and
totally within said body of the musical instrument to allow
unrestricted movement of the player.
6. The musical instrument and drum sound effects unit combination
of claim 1 wherein is further provided a sound pickup for said
strings mounted on said body adjacent said strings, a stereo
transmitter mounted on said instrument for processing sound signals
from said instrument and said unit, and means separate from said
instrument for receiving, separating and reproducing the string and
drum sounds separately to give stereo effect.
7. The musical instrument and drum sound effects unit combination
of claim 1 wherein said drum sound effects unit on said instrument
includes a volume control, a selector switch for varying the beat
and style of the drum sounds, and a speed control for varying the
tempo.
8. The musical instrument and drum sound effects unit combination
of claim 7 wherein said volume control, selector switch and speed
control are positioned at spaced locations on the face of said body
for ease of use.
9. The musical instrument and drum sound effects unit combination
of claim 8 wherein said volume control is positioned along the
upper portion of said body for engagement with the inside of the
forearm of the player during playing whereby the volume may be
varied by movement of said forearm.
10. The musical instrument and drum sound effects unit combination
of claim 1 wherein said switch means comprises a microswitch
mounted on said instrument, a control circuit carried by said
instrument including said micro-switch for operating said drum
sound effects unit, a pivotal lever mounted on said instrument
interconnected with and for actuating said microswitch and adapted
to be engaged by the playing hand, and override means mounted on
said instrument for allowing movement of said lever past the
operating position of said microswitch whereby precise positioning
is not required.
Description
The present invention relates to musical instruments and, more
particularly, to a novel arrangement for combining a drum sound
effects unit with the instrument.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The guitar is by far the most popular instrument, both solo and in
groups, for use by performers of today's "pop" music. Although the
guitar, and especially an electric guitar, is used solo
successfully in many instances, it is usually preferred by the
guitarist, as well as the audience, to have drum accompaniment.
Drums add to the enjoyment of the music by maintaining a definite
tempo or beat and by providing depth to the sound of the
performance. This is particularly true in the present day popular,
rock and roll and country music field in which a definite, rigid
beat is a predominant characteristic of the music. As a
consequence, most performers play in a group having a drummer, or
performers who are primarily soloists employ a drummer for
accompaniment on at least selected performances and/or selections
of a performance.
Heretofore, it has been proposed to provide some coordination
between electronic musical instruments in order for one musician to
simulate group playing. For example, in the U. S. patent to Burns
et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,196,729, there is shown and described a
system for coordinating the playing of a vibraphone as a
guitarist's fingers are pressed against the fretted finger board.
As each finger is depressed on the finger board of this prior art
device, one note of the guitar is selected and simultaneously and
dependent thereon a corresponding note on the vibraphone is played.
Thus, while giving the sound of two players playing together, the
tempo and background steady beat now popular are lacking and not
satisfied by this prior art system.
OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is one object of the present invention to provide a
stringed musical instrument in combination with a drum sound
effects unit that provides one musician with the capability of
playing music with the steady, rhythmic beat and in-depth sound
demanded by today's audience.
It is another and more specific object of the present invention to
provide a combination instrument and drum sound effects unit
wherein the unit operates independently of the instrument so as to
be capable of being followed by the playing of the instrument.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide an
instrument wherein the drum sound effects unit is compactly built
into the instrument with full controls mounted on the instrument to
allow full mobility of the performer.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an
on-off control lever switching arrangement wherein the natural
movements of the player's hand are utilized to control the drum
sounds.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
According to the invention, a stringed musical instrument, which
may be a guitar, electric guitar, ukelele or the like, has mounted
in the body thereof a self-contained drum sound effects unit. This
sound unit is operated by on-off switch means mounted on the
instrument so that the performer may control sounds to be produced
as accompaniment to his playing. Of importance is the fact that the
sound produced by the system of the present invention is at a
selected tempo independent of the instrument and so as to be, in
fact, capable of being followed by the performer in the same manner
as separate drum accompaniment played by another musician. The
on-off switch means for controlling the drum sound effects unit is
mounted on the face of the instrument for easy access to the
performer for controlling the start and finish of each selection,
as well as required by interludes in the selection itself.
Advantageously, this control switch means is or may be incorporated
in a tremulant unit. Specifically, the control lever for engagement
by the player's playing hand to produce vibrato of the string
sounds has been adapted for controlling a microswitch in circuit
with the sound unit. The control lever in one position extends over
at least some of the strings and in another position spaced away
from the strings whereby the control function may be made
conveniently and without notice by the audience in response to
natural strumming or picking movement of the player's hand across
the strings. Preferably, the control lever is placed in position
over at least some of the strings when the same is in the "on"
position so that the usual final movement of the musician's hand
down across the strings to play the final note also switches "off"
the drum sound accompaniment. However, and also in accordance with
the invention, a reversing switch is provided in circuit with the
on-off switch means so that the relationship may be reversed; that
is, the switch means being in the "on" position when the lever is
pivoted free of the strings. In the latter instance, the strings
are free in the area of the bridge and the drums are turned off in
response to an up-stroke of the player's hand, such as is required
in some selections. An override means, preferably in the form of a
resilient or foam rubber pad, is mounted on the control lever to
assure operation of the control microswitch without the requirement
for precise positioning of the lever during playing.
In order to give maximum realism to the performance, it is
contemplated that a stereo transmitter and receiver may be utilized
for processing sound signals from the instrument and the drum sound
effects unit. According to other features of the invention, a
volume control, a selector switch for varying the beat and style of
the drum sounds and a speed control for varying the tempo are
provided; each such control being positioned at separate, spaced
location on the face of the body of the instrument for more
efficient and effective use by the performer. The volume control is
positioned so as to allow control by the movement of the inside of
the forearm.
Still other objects and advantages of the present invention will
become readily apparent to those skilled in this art from the
following detailed description, wherein I have shown and described
only the preferred embodiment of the invention simply by way of
illustration of the best mode contemplated by me of carrying out my
invention. As will be realized, the invention is capable of other
and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of
modification in various obvious respects, all without departing
from the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are
to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as
restrictive.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the body of a stringed musical instrument
with a cutaway of the neck portion and showing the controls of the
combined instrument and drum sound effects unit of the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the tremulant unit with the cover
plate removed for clarity showing the positioning of the on-off
switch means and the reversing switch;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 2
showing the detailed structure of the tremulant unit and control
lever; and
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram in block form of the combined musical
instrument and sound effects unit.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the accompanying drawings to describe the
preferred embodiment of the invention as presently contemplated,
reference numeral 10 generally denotes an electric guitar, which
guitar 10 is made up of a body 11 and an elongated neck portion 12
(the forward or free end being cut away). The guitar 10 has a
plurality of strings 13 extending along the body 11 and the neck
portion 12, and has a selected number of electric sound pickups 14,
15, 16 to permit the sound from the strings to be electronically
amplified. When the guitar 10 is to be played, the musician strums
the strings in the usual manner in the region of the pickups 14-16
whereupon the vibration of the strings constitutes the music of the
selection being played. To the rear of the pickup units 14-16 is
the usual bridge 17 for supporting the strings above the face of
the body 11. The body 11 may be of any desired shape and having any
desired ornamentation which is not shown in the drawings.
At the base of the body 11 is a tremulant unit, generally
designated by the reference numeral 20. As best shown in FIGS. 2
and 3, the strings 13 first pass under a reversing bridge 21, and
then are secured at their ends on a pivotal mounting block 22
secured to base member 23 on the body 11. An arm 24 is connected to
the pivotal anchoring block 22 by a suitable screw connector 25.
The free end of the arm 24 is bifurcated and receives the base of
control lever 26 in a manner to allow pivotal action about the
screw 27. The screw 27 is threadedly engaged with the lower
bifurcation of the arm 24 and has an adjusting nut 28 positioned
immediately below. A spring 29 is positioned below the nut 28 and
held thereby in compression within a well 30 in the face of the
body 11 of the instrument (see FIG. 3). The compression spring 29
thus maintains a tendency for the pivotal block 22 to be
resiliently pivoted in the counterclockwise direction thus
maintaining a constant tension on the strings 13.
Extending over the tremulant unit 20 so as to provide a protective
covering for the pivotal block 22 and the lower extent of the
strings 13 is a cover plate 35 secured in any suitable manner, such
as by a plurality of screws 36, to the body 11. It will be clear
that the cover plate 35 is spaced above these parts and thus does
not interfere with the operation of the tremulant unit 20, as will
now be described.
During the performance, the musician at various times may wish to
produce a vibrato in the sound of the guitar. To do this, the
playing hand is positioned over the strings 13 in the usual manner,
and he strums or picks the strings in accordance with the
requirements of the music. During or immediately after making the
strings vibrate to produce the sound, the playing hand is applied
to the free end of the lever 26 and moved rapidly back and forth
toward and away from the face of the body 11 when the instrument is
in the normal playing position. As will be clear from viewing FIG.
3, this inward and outward movement causes the block 22 to be
pivoted and the spring 29 to be alternately compressed and released
whereby the tension on the strings 13 is rapidly varied thus giving
a vibrato or tremulous effect to the guitar sounds.
The pivotal mounting of the handle 26 is important to allow the
guitarist to position the same in a place most convenient for
operation as just described. As shown in FIG. 1, the lever 26 in
one position is spaced away from the strings, which is the position
usually taken when the tremulant unit 20 is not to be used. In the
raised position, as shown by the dashed line outline in FIG. 2, the
lever 26 is positioned so as to at least partially overlie some of
the strings 13 and thereby bring the operating end into a more
convenient position for engagement. When in this overlying
position, the guitarist has greater access with his playing hand
and can in fact pick the guitar using a pick held between the thumb
and forefinger and at the same time provide a vibrato effect by
operation of the lever 26 with the third finger and little finger.
Any intermediate position between the two limits described may be
employed by the musician depending upon his particular
preference.
With reference now to FIG. 4, the control circuit for the combined
instrument 10 and drum sound effects unit 40 can be seen. The drum
sound effects unit 40 per se may be any one of a number of
battery-powered electronic music devices that are made commercially
available in the United States. By way of completing the disclosure
of the preferred embodiment and as an example, the drum unit 40 may
be one manufactured under the trade name Rockmate Doncamatic (model
number KG-392) by Keio Gijutsu Kenkyijo, Ltd., of Tokyo, Japan.
Other units could obviously be used in lieu of this particular one;
the only requirement being that the unit produces drum sounds when
turned on completely independent of any action by the player.
Examples of such free-running drum sound effects unit are shown by
U. S. Pats. Nos. 3,146,290 and 3,255,292. In other words, the
playing of the drums is like a preset recording, and in fact, could
be a recording, although it is preferred to have electronic music
device to produce the sounds.
Thus, the drum sound effects unit 40 is in accordance with the
invention a compact electronic device that may be easily housed in
the body 11, as shown in FIG. 1. This concept of positioning the
entire accompaniment device within the instrument itself provides
very real advantages for the performer. The performer is completely
free to move about during his performance and yet have full control
of all aspects of the drum accompaniment from the unit 40. There
are no separate units to clutter the stage upon which the musician
is performing and this adds substantially to the performer's
ability to operate smoothly and to enhance the audience's enjoyment
of the performance.
Each of the sound pickups 14-16 (only one shown in FIG. 4) includes
leads 41 to a string pickup control 42 mounted inside the body 11.
Three combined on-off and volume controls 43, 44, 45 are present on
the face of the body 11 to provide control for respective ones of
the pickups 14-16. Leads 46, 47 take the signals from the control
42, as well as from the drum sound effects unit 40, and feed the
combined signal into a transmitter 48 for further processing, and
as will be described in further detail later.
The first control of the drum sound effects unit 40 that has been
uniquely incorporated into the instrument 10 is the on-off
microswitch 50 physically mounted on the underneath side of the
cover plate 35. This on-off switch 50 is used during the
performance by the musician to initiate and to terminate the drum
sounds from the unit 40. The microswitch 50 is operated in response
to the playing hand of the musician by raising and lowering the
lever 26, when the instrument is in the normal playing position
which can easily be accomplished utilizing natural movements used
by the guitarist in strumming or picking the strings 13. Briefly,
these movements are merely the raising of the hand toward the
strings 13 to bring the lever 26 from the full line to the dotted
line position of FIG. 2, or just the opposite, that is, moving the
hand downwardly so as to move the lever 26 from the dotted line
position to the full line position. The first movement is most
commonly accomplished by a simple upward movement of the hand as
the performer brings his hand into position over the strings to
start a selection, and the latter movement is merely a continuation
of the usual downward strumming of all or some of the strings on
the final note of the piece. As can be seen, this natural movement
of the performer obviates any possibility of detracting from the
performance by the musician.
The control lever 26 is adapted for operation in both directions in
response to this natural movement of the player's hand without
requiring precise positioning. In other words, as the hand is moved
with the natural movement the lever is merely stroked or slapped
into position rather than having to be grasped and held by the
player's fingers. In accordance with the invention, the lever 26 is
not directly connected to the switch 50 so that first, upon
downward movement the lever 26 moves away from the operating
plunger thereby allowing operation and overrun in the downward
direction without difficulty. Secondly, on the upstroke to depress
the plunger of the switch 50, the base of the lever 26 is provided
with a resilient or sponge pad 55 to form an override means. Thus,
on upward movement of the lever 26 to the dotted line position, the
operating plunger will be operated and then the sponge pad 55 will
allow an override in the upward direction. In this manner, the
switch 50 is assured of being operated by the player by merely
giving a firm upward stroke to the control lever 26. This
arrangement, in addition to eliminating a need for precise
positioning, prevents possible damage to the operating plunger of
the switch 50 as the lever is stroked into position.
As pointed out above, the lever 26 is usually preferred to be
raised upon starting the performance and lowered at the finish of a
performance. However, leads 60, 61 for delivering the on-off
switching signal to the unit 40 may be provided with a reversing
switch 62 in order to reverse this relationship if desired. In
other words, the switch 50 is, or may be, a three-pole switch with
the lead 60 going to the common terminal and two leads 63, 64 going
to the lead 61. When the performer is thus desirous of having the
relationship of the lever changed, the control knob 65 of the
reversing switch 62 (see FIG. 1) is merely moved to the dotted line
position. In this position, the unit 40 is or may be "on" when the
lever 26 is free of the strings and "off" when in the opposite
position or over the strings. As stated before, this change is made
in accordance with the preference of the musician; however, one
instance in which this positioning may be required is when the
music selection calls for strumming or picking of the strings 13 in
the region immediately adjacent the bridge 17. Thus, in this
instance it can be seen to be desirable to have the lever 26 in the
lowered position when "on" for drum accompaniment so that the
playing of the guitar 10 is unimpeded.
The second important control of the drum sound effects unit 40 is
the volume control 70 connected by leads 71 and provided with a
control knob 72. The control 70 allows the performer to adjust the
volume of the drums to the desired level to suit the particular
piece being played. In some cases this adjustment is to be made
during the playing of the piece, such as when fading out at the
end. In accordance with this prerequisite, the control knob 72 is
positioned on the face of the body 11 so as to be substantially in
line with the position of the inside of the performer's forearm
during playing. As the place in the piece where the volume is to be
controlled is reached, the player, without being visibly noticed by
the audience, can move his arm relative to the instrument while
maintaining frictional engagement with one side of the control knob
72. As this is done the knob will be moved in the desired direction
and the volume of the drum unit 40 is controlled.
A third control is provided in the form of a selector switch 75
connected through the leads 76 to the drum unit 40. The knob 77 on
the face of the instrument controls this switch which is usually a
multipositioned switch. In each selected position, the drum unit 40
plays a different style of music. For example, the unit 40 may have
built into its electronics several drum performances suitable for
popular, rock and roll or country music as desired. Before playing
each selection, the performer merely selects the drum performance
that suits the piece that is to be played whereby perfect style of
accompaniment for each piece is gained.
The third control adds a further degree of selection of the drum
accompaniment in that the speed or beat of any of the selections
selected by the switch 75 may be varied. Thus, speed control 80,
connected by leads 81 to the unit 40, allows the performer to
select exactly the right beat that he desires for accompaniment.
The speed control knob 82 is located in a convenient position
immediately adjacent the control lever 26 for ease of access. Also,
in order to allow the performer to obtain exactly the same beat for
each piece, once the best beat has been determined in practice, the
control knob 82 may be provided with indicia, preferably labeled in
beats per minute and represented by the notches on the control knob
82 shown in FIG. 1.
The three knobs 72, 77 and 82 are spaced apart on the face of the
instrument for a purpose. This is, so that the performer during a
performance will be less likely to inadvertently turn the wrong
control. This is particularly important with respect to the knob 72
since it is sometimes operated by the forearm, as pointed out
above, and since the controls are many times located and turned by
feel, that is, without looking at the control, to prevent
distraction of the audience.
A feature of the present invention to add ultimate realism to the
performance, is the provision of stereo capabilities in the
transmitter 48. Such a transmitter per se is conventional and, in
short, processes the signals from the leads 46, 47 and transmits
the same on a selected f.m. wavelength with side carrier frequency
from antenna 90. A stereo receiver-amplifier 91 receives the signal
by way of antenna 92 and by conventional processing of signal plays
the music over separated speakers 93, 94. The drum sounds may be
played on one speaker and the guitar sounds on the other speaker in
order to add the realism similar to that experienced with two
musicians performing.
It is contemplated that additional attachments, such as a
microphone for the performer to sing into and to permit
amplification through the same transmitter 48 and receiver 91 may
be provided. In this instance, the voice sound can also be
processed for stereo and normally played into the speaker from
which the guitar sound is emanating.
Any number of additional controls can be added to the instrument as
desired by the individual performer. A push-button control 95 (FIG.
1) may be provided to completely disable the drum unit 40 after a
performance to prevent a drain on the battery power. Further, a
second pushbutton control 96 may be provided to allow the performer
a separate control for solo drum performance if this is desired
during any piece. This allows the guitarist maximum flexibility and
avoids confusion of moving of the control lever 26 at the point
when the solo is to be played.
From the foregoing, it can be seen that a novel combined musical
instrument 10 and drum sound effects unit 40 has been provided
wherein a guitarist is able to perform with accompaniment having a
definite, rhythmic tempo or beat required by the "pop" music of
today and to give the greater depth that audiences enjoy. The
entire combination is self contained in the instrument including
the necessary control switches. Complete control as to on-off,
volume, beat and style, and speed are provided for the drum sound
effects unit 40 to give the performer a full range of capability.
The on-off switch means 62 is advantageously operated by the
control lever 26 in such a manner as to completely hide its
operation from the audience and with the greatest ease and
convenience possible to the performer. The additional controls 70,
75, 80 and 42 are spaced around the face of the body 11 to insure
that the right control is turned by the performer. The stereo
processing of the signals in the transmitter 48 and the receiver 91
adds further realism to the performance.
In this disclosure, there is shown and described only the preferred
embodiment of the invention, but, as aforementioned, it is to be
understood that the invention is capable of use in various other
combinations and environments and is capable of changes or
modifications within the scope of the inventive concept as
expressed herein.
* * * * *