U.S. patent number 3,743,012 [Application Number 05/166,918] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-03 for controlled temperature garment.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy. Invention is credited to Darryl E. Laxo.
United States Patent |
3,743,012 |
Laxo |
July 3, 1973 |
CONTROLLED TEMPERATURE GARMENT
Abstract
A controlled temperature garment using the counter flow heat
exchanger priple to maintain an equal temperature distribution
along the inner surface of the garment. Three layers of material
are bonded together in such a manner as to provide flow channels
along the garment. The garment comprises distribution, turning and
collection chambers at each end of the channels; and a fluid
discharge and collecting manifold to control the flow of the
temperature controlling fluid.
Inventors: |
Laxo; Darryl E. (Novato,
CA) |
Assignee: |
The United States of America as
represented by the Secretary of the Navy (Washington,
DC)
|
Family
ID: |
22605204 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/166,918 |
Filed: |
July 28, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
165/101;
62/259.3; 165/46 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A41D
13/005 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A41D
13/005 (20060101); B60h 001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;165/46,39,101 ;62/259
;126/204 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Sukalo; Charles
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A controlled temperature garment including a temperature control
flow distribution means and pumping means with a temperature
controlling fluid, said garment comprising in combination:
a. first arm section;
b. second arm section;
c. first leg section;
d. second leg section;
e. body section each of said sections (a) through (e) having a
plurality of vertically stacked channels, one on top of one another
and side by side each other;
f. said flow distribution means directing said temperature
controlling fluid to each channel of said plurality of vertically
stacked channels of said sections; and
g. said fluid being independently controllable to each of said
sections by said flow distribution means.
2. The device recited in claim 1 wherein each of said sections
comprises a plurality of longitudinally extending channels formed
by a plurality of intermittently spaced bonded flow dividing seams
to form a fluid flow directing chamber to direct said fluid from
said fluid distribution means to each of said sections.
3. The device recited in claim 2 wherein each of said chambers
comprises:
a. distribution chamber;
b. an outer flow channel;
c. turning chamber;
d. inner flow channel;
e. collecting chamber;
f. discharge means; and
g. said fluid being directed into said distribution chamber from
distribution means wherein said distribution chamber opens onto a
plurality of said outer flow channels in each of said sections
wherein said fluid is directed from said outer flow channel into
said turning chamber; wherein said fluid is further directed from
said chamber through a plurality of said inner flow channels to
said collecting chamber; wherein said fluid is discharged into
discharge means.
4. The device recited in claim 3 wherein each of a plurality of
said fluid conducting chambers for each of said sections is formed
by three vertically stacked layers of material comprising:
a. inner layer;
b. middle layer;
c. outer layer;
d. said inner layer, middle layer, and outer layer being partially
bonded together longitudinally to form a plurality of said chambers
and a plurality intermittently spaced longitudinally extending
seams wherein the unbonded portion of said middle layer and said
outer layer between said seams define said outer flow channel;
wherein the unbonded portion of said middle layer and said inner
layer between said seams define said inner flow channel; wherein
said middle layer material is shorter in the longitudinal direction
at one end of said middle material than said outer layer and said
inner layer; wherein said outer layer and inner layer are bonded
together at said one end to form said turning chamber; wherein the
three layers are unbonded together at the end opposite said bonded
end to form a distribution chamber between said outer layer and
said middle layer and a collecting chamber between said middle
layer and said inner layer.
5. The device recited in claim 4 wherein said fluid enters at an
extreme temperature and is guided from said distribution chamber to
the plurality of said outer flow chambers in each section either
giving up or gathering more heat depending upon the environment
outside said first layer as it passes along the outer layer and is
further directed into said inner flow channel by route of said
turning chamber and depending upon the environment said fluid picks
up or gives up heat to said inner layer of said material and is
thereby discharged into a discharge means.
6. The device recited in claim 3 wherein said flow distribution
means includes a supply means, distribution lines and pump means
said distribution means comprising:
a. fluid supply control means connected to said supply means;
b. supply manifold operatively connected to supply control means to
control the amount of fluid flow into said manifold;
c. plurality of distribution tubes operatively connected to said
supply manifold;
d. plurality of distribution flow control means operatively
connected to said distribution tubes to distribute the fluid to
said distribution tubes; and
e. said distribution tubes being operatively connected to each of
said sections through said distribution lines thereby directing
said fluid to each of said section being dependent upon the setting
of said distribution control means and said supply control
means.
7. The device recited in claim 6 wherein said distribution control
means and supply control means are needle valves extending into
said distribution means and said manifold.
8. The device recited in claim 5 wherein said discharge means
includes a plurality of discharge lines and discharge tubing, said
discharge means comprising:
a. discharge manifold;
b. plurality of discharge flow channels operatively connected to
said manifold;
c. said channels being operatively connected to said garment by a
plurality of discharge lines; and
d. said discharge manifold being operatively connected to said
discharge tube.
9. The device recited in claim 8 wherein said discharge tube is
connected as a closed loop system.
10. The device recited in claim 8 wherein said discharge tube
discharges a temperature controlling fluid into the outside
environment.
Description
STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT INTEREST
The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or
for the Government of the United States of America for governmental
purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or
therefor.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to a controlled temperature
garment to provide protection against extreme temperatures and more
particularly to a garment which uses the counter flow heat
exchanger principle to maintain an equal temperature distribution
in the protective garment.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The prior devices for protecting divers working in a coldwater
environment were rubber suits with a perforated tube in each of the
extremities of the suit. The function of the perforated tube was to
distribute hot water to the interior of the suit. Divers using the
suits have suffered burns at the tube perforators due to extreme
water temperatures required and the lack of mixing distribution at
these locations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present unique invention will overcome the difficulties
inherent in the aforementioned prior temperature control garments.
The particular advantage of the unique system, which is the subject
matter of the present invention, is that the wearer is not directly
exposed to the temperature controlling fluid. Moreover, the wearer
is protected from extreme temperature spots. That is, the
temperature is more evenly distributed throughout the garment. The
wearer also can control the temperature distribution within the
garment by adjusting the various controls on the unique
distribution flow control.
STATEMENT OF THE OBJECTS OF INVENTION
A primary object of the present invention is to provide a garment
which will protect the wearer from extreme temperatures.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a garment
which will provide even temperature distribution throughout the
garment.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a temperature
controllable garment which protects the wearer from extreme
temperature hot spots.
Other objects, advantages and novel features of the invention will
become apparent from the following detailed description of the
invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a sketch of the controlled temperature garment;
FIG. 2 is a detailed sketch of the arm shoulder portion of the
controlled temperature garment;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the inner and outer surface of the garment
lining;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the distribution manifold;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the manifold of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an end view of the manifold of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the discharge collecting manifold;
FIG. 8 is a side view of the collecting manifold of FIG. 7; and
FIG. 8A is an end sectional view of the collecting manifold of FIG.
7.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1 wherein the controlled temperature suit 1
includes a plurality of longitudinal flow channels 27 over the
entire suit area. Each of the flow channels 27 is formed by a
plurality of longitudinally extending flow dividing seams 29. The
flow channels 27 of suit 1 are further divided into arm sections A
and B; leg sections C and D; and continuous body section E. The
body section E is isolated and divided from the arm sections A and
B by flow dividing sealed shoulder seams 17a and 17b. Arm sections
A and B are sealed at the wrist by seals 19a and 19b. Cuffs 5a and
5b are attached to seals 19a and 19b to seal off the interior of
suit 1 against the surrounding atmosphere. The waist section
sealing seam 21 divides body section E from leg sections C and D. A
neck seal 3 is provided to seal the interior of body section E from
the surrounding atmosphere. Leg sections C and D are separated by a
sealed crotch seam 23. The ankle portions are sealed by sealing
seams 25a and 25b. The ankle portions of each leg section C and D
are provided with sealing cuffs 5c and 5d, respectively. A complete
description of the structure and function of the flow channels will
be hereinafter described in detail in conjunction with FIGS. 2 and
3. Referring again to FIG. 1, the flow of the fluid, such as hot or
cold water or any other similar fluid which is well known in the
art, is controlled by the flow distribution control and manifold 7.
The supply of the temperature controlling fluid may be supplied by
any fluid pumping device P which is well known in the art. The
fluid passes from pump P through supply umbilical hose 9 to the
inlet of flow distribution and control manifold where it is
distributed to the various sections of the suit through the
plurality of distribution lines 11. The temperature controlling
fluid is discharged through a plurality of discharge lines 13a
attached in a similar manner to distribution lines 11 to discharge
manifold 13. The fluid is then directed through return umbilical 15
to be discharged in the surrounding environment for an open cycle
system or returned to the umbilical supply hose 9 for a closed
cycle system. A description of the flow distribution and control
manifold in conjunction with the discharge system will be
hereinafter explained.
The construction of the arm section A shown in FIG. 2, as well as
the side view of the unique dual chamber ducting system shown in
FIG. 3, is identical for all other sections and hence a description
of one section will be deemed to apply to all sections. Referring
now to FIG. 2, a plurality longitudinal channels 27 are formed by a
plurality of flow dividing seams 29 located on either side of each
channel. The arm section B comprises three layers of material;
inner layer 31; middle layer 33; and outer layer 35. The plurality
channels 27 are formed by bonding inner layer 31 and outer layer 35
to middle layer 33 along seams 29. The outer surfaces of outer
layer 35 may be made of an insulation or asbestos type material to
facilitate its use as a fire protection suit. Likewise, the outer
layer could be used as a wet suit if made of a rubber material. The
inner surface of inner layer 31, directly exposed to the wearer,
should be made of a suitable material which is comfortable to the
wearer. The outer layer 35, middle layer 33, and inner layer 31 of
arm section B are bonded at seam 17b to isolate the fluid flow from
body section E, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Outer layer 35 is also
bonded to inner layer 31 at 19b, as shown in FIG. 3. The bonding of
outer layer 35 and inner layer 31 should be bonded only to point Y
so that a circumferentially extending distribution chamber 43 and
collecting chamber 41 open onto the plurality of outer and inner
chambers, respectively. However, it should be noted that middle
layer 33 is shorter in length than outer layer 35 and inner layer
31 and is not bonded to point 19b, thereby forming a turning
chamber 39 extending circumferentially at the wrist portion of arm
section A, as shown by arrow x. Cuff seal 5b is attached to sealed
seam or point 19b.
Referring specifically to FIG. 3 wherein a single counterflow heat
exchanger is identical for all chambers, a description of one will
be deemed to apply to every other chamber. The temperature
controlling fluid, line referred to as "fluid," enters at an
extreme temperature either hot or cold from the distribution line
line 11 into distribution chamber 43 where it is directed to the
plurality of flow channels and, in our case, outer flow channel 37.
The fluid is guided under pressure to turning chamber 39 wherein
depending upon the environment the fluid gives up or gathers more
heat as it passes along the outer channel 37 on its way to turning
chamber 39. When the fluid reaches turning chamber 39 it is
directed into inner flow chamber 41 and again depending upon the
environment it either picks up or delivers heat to the wearer. The
fluid in the inner channel 41 also protects the wearer from direct
contact with the extreme temperatures of the entering fluid until
the temperature is more evenly distributed. Thus the wearer is
protected from extreme hot spots. The fluid in the inner channel 41
travels to collecting chamber 45 where the fluid is discharged into
discharge line 13a which subsequently enters discharge manifold 13
to be further discharged to the surrounding environment as
described above. The wearer can control the rate of fluid flow to
each section of the suit by the use of the disclosed flow
distribution and control manifold, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4, 5 and 6.
The manifold may be constructed of aluminum or other lightweight
material which is compatible with the fluid being used. The
manifold may be attached to the waist of the suit by an attachment
device 47.
Referring to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 wherein the control manifold 49
comprises a hollow body 51 with distribution manifold 53, the
distribution manifold has six individual distribution tubes 55, 57,
59, 61, 63 and 65. The fluid supply tube 67, which is attached to
supply umbilical 9, is controlled by supply flow control knob 69;
six distributor flow control knobs 71, 73, 75, 77, 79 and 81
wherein the fluid distribution can be controlled individually to
each section of the suit when supply flow control knob 69 is
opened. Each control unit includes a retainer seal 83 and is
threaded into body 49. The flow control valve 85 is a needle
metering valve with an O ring seal 87 to control the amount of
fluid flow. The shaft 89 of the flow control valve 85 is threaded
and attached to the respective control knobs so that the wearer may
control the flow of fluid to the respective sections of the suit.
It should be noted that there are two distribution tubes and lines
to body section E. Each end of manifold 53 is enclosed by a
removable plug 91.
The fluid discharge collecting manifold 93 shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and
8A comprise six discharge tubes 95, 97, 99, 101, 103, and 105
attached to discharge cylinder which is attached to return
umbilical 15, as shown in FIG. 1. This unit may be used with a
closed or open system. A lightweight material, which is compatible
with the fluid, should be used.
In conclusion, the materials of construction will be determined by
the environment in which the garment is to be used and the type of
fluid to be pumped through the system. Moreover, it is desirable
that the outer layer be an insulating material to limit the heat
transfer to or from the environment.
* * * * *