U.S. patent number 3,742,430 [Application Number 05/228,878] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-26 for electrical terminal.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Ford Motor Company. Invention is credited to Thomas M. Cairns, Robert D. Kennedy.
United States Patent |
3,742,430 |
Cairns , et al. |
June 26, 1973 |
ELECTRICAL TERMINAL
Abstract
Disclosed is an electrical terminal whose principal use is in
connecting a lead to a terminal area on a printed circuit board.
The terminal is formed so that substantially all of the contact
area on the terminal is brought into engagement with the terminal
area on the printed circuit board. The terminal is also designed so
that a spring pressure is applied at both the front and the rear of
the terminal's contact area so that this area is constantly biased
against the circuit board's terminal area thereby assuring an
electrical junction between the two areas capable of carrying a
substantial current load.
Inventors: |
Cairns; Thomas M. (Detroit,
MI), Kennedy; Robert D. (Northville, MI) |
Assignee: |
Ford Motor Company (Dearborn,
MI)
|
Family
ID: |
22858904 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/228,878 |
Filed: |
February 24, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
439/862 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01R
12/721 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01R
9/00 (20060101); H01R 13/22 (20060101); H01R
13/02 (20060101); H01R 13/26 (20060101); H01R
13/24 (20060101); H01r 013/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;339/47,49,252 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: McGlynn; Joseph H.
Claims
We claim:
1. An electrical terminal formed from a single metal strip which
comprises:
a bottom wall having front, back and side edges;
a pair of wall forming elements having side and top wall portions;
each of said side wall portions extending upwardly from an opposed
side edge of said bottom wall; each of said top wall portions
extending inwardly from an opposed edge of an associated one of
said side wall portions to form at least half of the entire top
wall of the terminal, each of said top wall portions being notched
to define an opening over at least a portion of said top wall, each
of said top wall portions forming an initial top wall surface
adjacent the front of the terminal;
a terminal element extending from said front edge of said bottom
wall, said terminal element having, in order, a first spring member
having a radius surface portion and a lead radius portion, a
weakened section, a contact surface, a second spring member, and a
foot; said radius surface portion of said first spring member
curving upwardly and inwardly of said front edge of said bottom
wall to a point engaging the rear edge of said initial top wall
surface defined by said top wall portions thereby to store an
amount of stress in said terminal element; said lead radius portion
of said first spring member extending upwardly from said radius
surface portion through and beyond said opening in said top wall to
a point tangent to a horizontal plane, which plane is parallel to
said bottom wall but spaced above said top wall; said weakened
section at said tangent point interconnecting said first spring
member and said contact surface; said contact surface being at a
slight downward angle with respect to said horizontal plane; said
second spring member extending downwardly through said opening of
said top wall into the interior of said terminal; said foot
terminating said second spring member and contacting said bottom
wall; and
gripper means extending from said back edge of said bottom wall for
securing a lead to the terminal.
2. The electrical terminal as defined in claim 1 wherein: said top
wall portions of said pair of wall forming elements are notched to
define at least a front opening and a rear opening in said top wall
with an intervening surface therebetween; said lead radius portion
of said first spring member extending out of said front opening and
said second spring member extending into said second opening; said
intervening surface providing a stop surface which is engaged by
the underside of said contact surface to prevent overstressing of
said terminal element.
3. The electrical terminal as defined in claim 2 wherein: an
upwardly facing projection is formed on said intervening surface,
said projection engaging the underside of said contact surface when
said surface is deformed a determined amount to prevent
overstressing of said terminal element, the height of said
projection above said intervening surface controlling the degree to
which said terminal element may be stressed.
4. The electrical terminal as defined in claim 1 wherein: said
slight downward angle of said contact surface with respect to said
horizontal plane is no more than 3.degree..
5. The electrical terminal as defined in claim 1 further including:
front wall portions formed on said pair of wall forming elements,
each of said front wall portions extending forwardly from an
associated one of said top wall portions defining said initial top
wall surface, said front wall portions forming a guiding surface
for terminal insertion.
6. The electrical terminal as defined in claim 1 wherein: said
weakened section is formed by deforming a portion of the metal of
said terminal element to a thickness less than the thickness of
said metal.
7. The electrical terminal as defined in claim 1 wherein: said
second spring member tapers inwardly from said contact surface to
said foot.
8. An electrical terminal formed from a single, metal strip which
comprises:
a bottom wall having front, back and side edges;
a pair of wall forming elements having side, top and front wall
portions, each of said side wall portions extending upwardly from
an opposed side edge of said bottom wall; each of said top wall
portions extending inwardly from an opposed edge of an associated
one of said side side wall portions to form at least half of the
entire top wall of the terminal, each of said top wall portions
having notches therein providing openings in both the front and the
rear of said entire top wall, the surfaces of said top wall
portions forming both an intervening surface between said openings
and an initial top wall surface adjacent the front of the terminal;
each of said front wall portions extending forwardly and downwardly
from a respective one of said top wall portions which forms said
initial said top wall surface to provide a terminal nose
surface;
a terminal element extending from said front edge of said bottom
wall, said terminal element having, in order, a first spring member
with a radius surface portion and a lead radius portion, a weakened
section, a contact surface, a second spring member, and a foot;
said radius surface portion of said first spring member curving
upwardly and inwardly of said front edge of said bottom wall to a
point engaging the rear edge of said initial top wall surface; said
lead radius portion of first spring member extending upwardly from
said radius surface portion through and beyond said front opening
in said top wall to a point tangent to a horizontal plane, which
plane is parallel to said bottom wall but spaced above said top
wall; said weakened section at said tangent point interconnecting
said first spring member and said contact surface; said contact
surface being at a slight downward angle with respect to said
horizontal plane, said contact surface overlying bu t spaced above
said intervening surface of said top wall; said second spring
member extending downwardly from said contact surface through said
rear opening of said top wall into the interior of the terminal;
said foot terminating said second spring member and contacting said
bottom wall; and
gripper means extending from said back edge of said bottom wall for
securing a lead to the terminal.
9. The electrical terminal as defined in claim 8 wherein: an
upwardly facing projection is formed on said intervening surface,
said projection engaging the underside of said contact surface when
said surface is deformed a determined amount to prevent
overstressing of said terminal element, the height of said
projection above said intervening surface controlling the degree to
which said terminal element may be stressed.
10. The electrical terminal as defined in claim 8 wherein: said
slight downward angle of said contact surface with respect to said
horizontal plane is no more than 3.degree..
11. The electrical terminal as defined in claim 8 wherein: said
weakened section is formed by deforming a portion of the metal of
said terminal element to a thickness less than the thickness of
said metal strip.
12. The electrical terminal as defined in claim 8 wherein: said
second spring member tapers inwardly from said contact surface to
said foot.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Many electrical terminals are known for connecting a lead to a
terminal area on a printed circuit board. With knowledge of the
many electrical terminals already available in the prior art for
the stated purpose, the terminal of this invention was designed by
approaching its construction while considering all of the many
aspects of terminal construction. In designing the terminal of this
invention, such things as manufacturing feasibility, rapid output
on automatic manufacturing machinery, ease of use by assembly
personnel and self protecting features for the terminal were taken
into consideration from the very outset of the terminal's design.
The terminal of this invention is designed so that it takes into
account not only electrical characteristics required of the
terminal but also manufacturing feasibility as well.
The terminal of this invention is one which is so constructed that
it has many advantageous electrical characteristics. The terminal
has a contact surface area that will lay in flat contact with an
engaged terminal area of a printed circuit board. Also, the
terminal is designed so that a spring pressure will be applied
between the terminal's contact area and the board's terminal area
during their engagement. The terminal is designed so that parallel
circuit paths are provided between the lead attached to the
terminal and the board's terminal area thus permitting a larger
amount of current to be carried by the terminal.
From a mechanical standpoint, the terminal is designed so that an
overstressing of the contact element thereof will not be permitted.
Also, the terminal is designed to withstand rough handling and it
has protective surfaces formed as an integral portion thereof to
protect the spring members of the terminal from mishandling. For
manufacturing feasibility, the terminal is designed so that large
numbers of high quality terminals can be produced rapidly in a
progressive stamping operation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an electrical terminal and, more
particularly, to an electrical terminal which connects a lead to a
terminal area of a printed circuit board.
In accordance with the teachings of this invention, an electrical
terminal is formed from a single, metal strip. The terminal has a
bottom wall which has a front, a back and a pair of side edges. A
pair of wall forming elements having side and top wall portions are
also provided. The side wall portions of each of the elements
extend upwardly from an opposed side edge of the bottom wall and
each of the top wall portions of the elements extend inwardly from
an opposed edge of an associated one of the side wall portions to
form at least half of the entire top wall of the terminal. Each of
the top wall portions of the wall forming elements are notched to
define an opening in the top wall. A surface of the top wall
adjacent the front of the terminal forms an initial top wall
surface. A terminal element extends from the front edge of the
bottom wall of the terminal and this element has, in order, a first
spring member having a radius surface portion and a lead radius
portion, a weakened section, a contact surface, a second spring
member, and a foot. The radius surface portion of the first spring
member of the terminal element extends from the front edge of the
bottom wall and curves upwardly and inwardly of the bottom wall to
a point engaging the rear edge of the initial top wall surface to
store an amount of stress in the terminal element. The lead radius
portion of the first spring member extends upwardly from the radius
surface portion through and beyond the top wall to a point which is
tangent to a horizontal plane, which plane is parallel to the
terminal's bottom wall but spaced above its top wall. The weakened
section interconnects at the tangent point, the first spring member
and the contact surface. The contact surface, which connects with
the terminal area of the printed circuit board, is at a slight
downward angle to the mentioned horizontal plane. The second spring
member of the terminal element extends downwardly from the rear of
the contact surface through the opening of the terminal's top wall
into the interior of the terminal. The foot terminates the second
spring member and the foot contacts the bottom wall of the
terminal. A gripper device extends from the back edge of the
terminal's bottom wall to secure a lead to the terminal.
In greater detail, the top wall portions of the pair of wall
forming elements are notched to define at least a front and a rear
opening in the terminal's top wall with an intervening surface
therebetween. The lead radius portion of the first spring member
extends out of the front opening and the second spring member
extends into the second opening. The intervening surface has an
upwardly facing projection formed thereon for engaging the contact
surface when that surface is pushed downwardly from a normal
position more than a desired amount thereby to prevent
overstressing of the terminal element. The height of the projection
above the intervening surface controls the degree to which the
terminal element may be stressed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the electrical terminal of this
invention.
FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of the terminal of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a front elevation view of the electric terminal of FIG.
1.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the electrical terminal of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a side elevation view, in cross section, taken along line
5--5 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a cross section view taken along line 6--6 of FIG. 5.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the drawings, the electrical terminal of this invention is
generally designated by the numeral 10. The terminal has a bottom
wall 12 which is in the form of a rectangle having a pair of side
edges, a front edge and a back edge. The electrical terminal is
formed from a unitary piece of conductive metal. A pair of wall
forming elements, generally designated by the numerals 14 and 16,
each have side, top, and front wall portions. In the case of the
wall forming element 14, the side wall portion thereof is 18, the
top wall portion thereof is 20, and the front wall portion thereof
is 22. In the case of the wall forming element 16, the side wall
portion thereof is 24, the top wall portion thereof is 26, and the
front wall portion thereof is 28. Each of the side wall portions 18
and 24 extends upwardly from an opposed side edge of the bottom
wall 12. Each of the top wall portions 20 and 26 extend inwardly
from an opposed edge of an associated one of the side wall portions
to form at least half of the entire top wall of the terminal (best
seen in FIG. 1).
The top wall portion 20 is notched to provide openings 30 and 32
therein as is best seen in FIGS. 1 and 4. Similarly, the top wall
portion 26 is notched to provide openings 34 and 36 therein. The
openings 30 and 34 combine to provide a front opening for the top
wall of the terminal while the openings 32 and 36 combine to form a
rear opening for the top wall of the terminal.
Projecting portions 38, 40 and 42 are formed on the top wall
portion 20 as best seen in FIGS. 1 and 4. Similarly, projecting
portions 44, 46 and 48 are formed on the top wall portion 26. The
projecting portions 38 and 44 combine to form an initial top wall
surface. The projecting portions 40 and 46 combine to form an
intervening surface between the openings of the top wall. The
projecting portions 42 and 48 combine to form a rear top wall for
the terminal.
Each of the front wall portions 22 and 28, respectively of the wall
forming elements 14 and 16, extend outwardly from the projecting
portions 38 and 44. The front wall portions 22 and 28 are curved
downwardly and together they provide a guiding surface which aids
in directing the terminal 10 into an opening of a connector block
(not shown). The guiding surface also functions to protect the
active terminal element of the terminal 10 from damage during
terminal insertion. The projecting portion 46 of the top wall
portion 26 of the wall forming element 16 has an upstanding
projection 50 formed thereon for purposes to be described
hereinafter.
A terminal element, generally indicated by the numeral 52, is
provided as a principal element of the terminal 10 of this
invention. The terminal element 52 is divided into the following
principal parts: a first spring member, generally identified by the
numeral 53 which includes a radius surface portion 54 and a lead
radius portion 56, a weakened section 58, a contact surface 60, a
second spring member 62, and a foot 64.
The radius surface portion 54 of the first spring member 53 of the
terminal element 52 extends upwardly and inwardly of the bottom
wall 12 of the terminal 10. This surface 54 engages the rear edge
of the initial top wall surface defined by the projecting portions
38 and 44 of the top wall portions 20 and 26 respectively of the
wall forming elements 14 and 16. The engagement of the radius
surface portion 54 with this surface serves to pre-stress and store
that stress in the terminal element 52.
The lead radius portion 56 of the first spring member 53 extends
from the radius surface portion 54 outwardly through the front
opening provided in the top surface of the terminal 10. This first
spring member 53 serves to provide a spring force on the contact
surface 60 when the contact surface is in engagement with a
terminal area of a printed circuit board. As is best understood by
reference to FIG. 2, the member 53 extends upwardly to a point 66
which is tangent to an imaginary plane 68. The plane 68 is parallel
to the bottom wall 12 but spaced upwardly and above the top wall of
the terminal.
At the tangent point 66, the weakened section 58, which is weakened
by providing a rectangular shaped depression in the underpart of
the terminal element 52 at this point, is employed to interconnect
the contact surface 60 with the first spring member 53. Placement
of the weakened section 58 at this tangent point 66 is critical in
that such placement insures that the first spring member 53 and the
second spring member 62 will act on the contact surface 60 to force
the contact surface into intimate contact with a terminal area of a
printed circuit board and provide a flat, uniform junction
therebetween. The weakened section, in effect, acts to direct the
point of bending of the contact area into engagement with a
terminal area of a printed circuit board when the same is deformed
thereagainst. When such a contact is made in a flat manner, a
parallel circuit path is obtained through the terminal 10. One path
is through the first spring member 53 and the contact surface 60
while the other path is through the second spring member 62 and the
contact surface.
The contact surface 60 of the terminal element 52, in a normal
condition as shown in the drawings, is at a slight downward angle
with respect to the imaginary plane 68. The preferred downward
angle is about 3.degree.. The downward angle is selected so that
the contact area will properly flatten against the contact area of
the printed circuit board when it is brought into contact
therewith. The flattening of the contact surface comes about
because the contact surface 60 is depressed downwardly toward the
upstanding projection 50. This downward depression is resisted by
the first spring member 53 on one side of the contact surface and
by the second spring member 62 and on the other side of the contact
surface. The position of the contact surface 60 with respect to the
first spring member 53 may change slightly at the weakened section
58 so that the contact surface 60 is deformed into a complete area
contact with the terminal area of the printed circuit board. After
such a contact has been established, the spring members 53 and 62
serve to apply a continuous spring force on opposite ends of the
contact area to assure that this contact area is held in flat,
parallel engagement with the printed board terminal area.
The second spring member 62 of the terminal element 52 extends
downwardly from its point of engagement with the contact surface 60
through the rear opening in the top wall of the terminal 10. As is
best understood by reference to FIGS. 1 and 4, the second spring
member 62 tapers inwardly as it progresses downwardly to its
terminal point. The reason that the member is tapered is so that it
will gve a greater springback than a simple linear member. This is
an optimization of the spring member deflection characteristic.
The foot 64 of the terminal element 52 terminats the second spring
member 62. The foot 64 is in engagement with the bottom wall 12 of
the terminal 10. The foot has an upturned shape so as to guarantee
that the second spring member 62 will not dig into the botton wall.
The foot 64 allows the second spring member 62 to slide across the
bottom surface so that the contact surface 60 may be displaced
downwardly as viewed in FIGS. 2 and 5.
An opening 70 is provided in the bottom wall of the terminal 10 as
best seen in FIGS. 2 and 5. The purpose of this opening 70 is to
provide a space into which a locking finger may be moved to lock
the terminal 10 within a connector block (not shown). The locking
finger arrangement may be similar to that described in U.S. Pat.
No. 3,601,760 issued on Aug. 24, 1971 to T. M. Cairns.
The upstanding projection 50 is formed on the projecting portion 46
of the top wall portion 26 of the wall forming element 16 is
designed so that the contact portion 60 of the terminal element 52
will not be overstressed because the terminal element can not be
deformed beyond a predetermined limit. In particular, the contact
surface 60 may be deformed downwardly from the plane 68 only to the
point at which the bottom of the contact surface engages the
upstanding projection 50. This limits the total travel of the
contact surface and the limit is so designed that the terminal
element 52 is not unacceptably overstressed. Upon release of the
deforming pressure, the terminal element 52 will substantially
return to its normal position.
To the rear of the bottom wall 12 is formed a gripper structure
generally designated by the numeral 72. This gripper structure is
designed to engage and hold the bare ends of an electrical lead
wire (not shown) therewithin. Such a structure is well known in the
art and no further description will be included herein.
There has been disclosed herein a preferred embodiment of an
electrical terminal in accordance with the teachings of this
invention. Many modifications of this disclosed electrical terminal
will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the
detailed teachings of this specification. It is intended that all
such modifications which fall within the true spirit and scope of
this invention be included within the scope of the appended
claims.
* * * * *