U.S. patent number 3,742,279 [Application Number 05/114,182] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-26 for segmented electrode display panel having closed structure.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Burroughs Corporation. Invention is credited to Robert E. Kollmyer, George A. Kupsky.
United States Patent |
3,742,279 |
Kupsky , et al. |
June 26, 1973 |
SEGMENTED ELECTRODE DISPLAY PANEL HAVING CLOSED STRUCTURE
Abstract
Multiple position display panels for displaying one or more
characters side-by-side in one or more rows and including a
plurality of parallel elongated conductors bearing a plurality of
flat cathode segments along their length and an anode associated
with each group of the display segments. Portions of the
cathode-connecting conductors are offset and are disposed within
grooves or depressions in an insulating sheet or are embedded in an
insulating layer where the cathode elements cross them. A slotted
insulating sheet is disposed between the cathode elements and the
anodes, the slots being aligned with the cathodes, and the assembly
is sealed in a gaseous atmosphere at a suitable pressure.
Inventors: |
Kupsky; George A. (Milford,
NJ), Kollmyer; Robert E. (Middlesex, NJ) |
Assignee: |
Burroughs Corporation (Detroit,
MI)
|
Family
ID: |
22353790 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/114,182 |
Filed: |
February 10, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
313/484 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01J
17/491 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01J
17/49 (20060101); H01j 007/42 () |
Field of
Search: |
;313/109.5
;315/169R,169TV ;340/336 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lake; Roy
Assistant Examiner: Mullins; James B.
Claims
We claim:
1. A segmented electrode display device comprising a gas-filled
envelope including an insulating base plate having top and bottom
surfaces,
a plurality of elongated conductors supported on said base plate
and individually bearing a plurality of substantially flat cathode
electrode segments spaced apart and offset upwardly from the
conductors,
the segments being arrayed in groups along said conductors, with a
segment of different ones of said conductors included in each group
and each group comprising a display position in the device,
the electrode segments being spaced apart and insulated from the
other conductors and their segments,
an anode electrode positioned in operative relation with each said
group of electrode segments, and
a light-transmitting window sealed in said envelope.
2. The segmented electrode display device of claim 1 wherein the
elongated conductors are substantially flat strips of conductive
material carrying the display cathode segments along their
lengths.
3. The segmented electrode display device of claim 1 wherein the
insulating base plate contains grooves or depressions in its top
surface to receive the cathode conductors between the associated
offset cathode segments.
4. The segmented electrode display device of claim 1 wherein some
of the cathode segments cross an adjacent conductor at an angle and
insulating material is disposed between the offset portions of the
cathode conductors and the cathode segments which cross them.
5. The segmented electrode display device of claim 1 further
comprising insulating means disposed between the groups of cathode
segments and the associated anode electrodes and having apertures
smaller in area than the corresponding cathode segments for
exposing the cathode segments and defining the glow from them.
6. The segmented electrode display device of claim 1 further
comprising insulating means situated over the elongated conductors
and having apertures which are sufficiently large to receive the
corresponding cathode segments and thereby confine the glow
discharges about them.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to multiple position display panels having a
plurality of interconnected cathode electrode segments positioned
in a row for displaying characters side-by-side.
One multiple position display device which is available
commercially is known as a PANAPLEX numeric panel display. This
type of display panel includes a plurality of groups of display
elements which are in the form of elongated bars or segments. Each
group of segments is arrayed generally in a figure 8 pattern or the
like, and the various segments can be energized in different groups
to represent different characters. This type of panel includes, as
one of its advantageous features, identical cathode structures
which comprise elongated support members, each of which carries a
plurality of plate-like cathode segments spaced along its length.
Generally, in the manufacture of this type of panel, the desired
number of cathode structures are assembled in grooves in a support
plate with the cathodes oriented on edge, and selected cathodes are
bent or twisted to provide the desired figure 8 pattern. Although
these devices are manufactured with relative ease and they operate
well, it can be seen that the procedures involved in providing
precise grooves in a base plate and in bending the individual
cathode segments is undesirably time-consuming and expensive.
In addition, since the cathodes are edge-mounted and it is the
glowing edges that are viewed, certain disadvantages arise. For one
thing, power consumption is relatively high for a sufficiently
bright display. Also, positive column discharge or other electrical
interference or cross-talk often arises between adjacent groups of
cathode segments and their anodes, giving rise to spurious glow or
discharge in the device.
One approach to solving this problem is to provide an auxiliary
electrode partially surrounding and electrically isolating the
groups of cathode segments and their anodes from each other. Anode
electrodes of special shapes for insertion beneath the cathode
segments are also used sometimes. This is a complicated and costly
arrangement, however.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, an object of this invention is to reduce electrical
interference and cross-talk between adjacent character positions in
multiple position segmented-electrode display devices.
Another object of the invention is to simplify and reduce the cost
of multiple position character display panels having segmented
display electrodes.
In accordance with these objects, there is provided multiple
position display devices having a plurality of parallel elongated
conductors bearing substantially flat cathode display segments or
elements along their length and an anode associated with each group
of display segments. Portions of the conductors interconnecting the
cathode elements are disposed within groups or depressions in an
insulating sheet or layer where the cathode elements cross them. A
slotted insulating sheet is disposed between the cathode elements
and their anodes, with the slots in alignment with the elements in
a sealed gaseous atmosphere.
Briefly, a display panel embodying the invention and of the general
type described above includes cathode structures in which the
cathode segments are generally flat plates, and they are preformed
to the desired orientation so that, in manufacture, no bending or
twisting of the cathodes is required.
According to a feature of the invention, the slots in the
insulating sheet can be made larger than the cathode elements
beneath them to expose them completely or they may be made smaller
than the corresponding segments to restrict and define the glow
observable by the viewer, thus providing a sharper character
outline, as desired.
The invention also eliminates the need for an auxiliary suppressor
electrode and reduces cross-talk in such multiple position
segmented electrode devices as a result of its closed structure.
Furthermore, the use of flat cathode elements eliminates the need
for bending or twisting cathode segments. They also reduce the
power required to provide a sufficiently bright display by a
significant amount since the glow discharge is confined to the top
surface of the flat cathode segments in the device.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plan view, partly broken away, of a multiple position
nine-segment display panel incorporating the invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a multi-position seven-segment
display panel showing the structure of another embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an illustration of four representative cathode connectors
bearing flat cathode segments for use in such embodiments;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the base assembly of another
embodiment;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are sectional views showing variations of the
electrode and base plate arrangement; and
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the base assembly of a further
embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
According to FIGS. 1 and 3 a display panel incorporating the
present invention includes a base plate 10 of glass, ceramic or the
like on which is disposed a plurality of cathode conductors or
connectors 21-29. Each of these connectors bears a plurality of
substantially flat cathode segments. That is, conductor 21 bears
and thus interconnects cathode segments 51, 61, 71 and 81;
connector 22 bears and connects cathode segments 52, 62, 72, and
82; conductor 23 connects cathode segments 53, 63, 73, and 83; . .
. and conductor 29 connects cathode segments 59, 69, 79, and 89.
Each of the cathode segments is fixed to the corresponding cathode
connector by welds or the like or is formed integral therewith. The
cathode conductors and their associated segments are oriented so
that they are not in electrical contact with each other.
The character display positions 50 - 80 also each includes a pair
of decimal point cathode elements or the like 152 and 157, 162 and
167, 172 and 177, 182 and 187. These decimal point elements are of
comparable thickness to the other cathode electrodes and are also
supported by base plate 10. Decimal point elements 152 - 182 are
connected to terminal leads 45A - 48A and decimal electrodes 157 -
187 are connected to terminal leads 45B - 48B, respectively. The
decimal points might also be commas or the like.
A dielectric plate or sheet 20 having slots aligned with each of
the cathode segments to be viewed is disposed above and in
substantial contact with the cathode segments. The slots in the
dielectric sheet 20 define the viewing apertures for the
corresponding cathode elements and isolates them from each other
both optically and electrically. The insulating sheet 20 includes
openings for each of the decimal point cathodes as well as slots
for each of the cathode elements, as shown.
A planar anode 150, 160, 170 or 180 is disposed on the apertured
insulating sheet 20 in alignment with the corresponding display
positions 50 - 80. The anodes are formed of mesh screen members,
etched screen material or any other transparent or semi-transparent
material. Terminal leads 35 - 38 are connected at one or at both
ends (as shown) of the corresponding anode electrodes 150 -
180.
The display device is completed by a glass cover plate or the like
which is sealed around the edges to the base plate by a glass or
ceramic frit or the like and the device is evacuated and filled
with a suitable gas mixture such as neon, argon, xenon, etc.,
singly or in combination, between about 20 - 250 Torr at ambient
temperature through a tubulation (also not shown).
The cathode segments oriented at an angle to the cathode connectors
cross over the adjacent connectors, as may be seen in the
broken-away portion of FIG. 1. As previously indicated, the cathode
display segments may be either fixed to cathode conductors 21-29 by
welding or may be formed integral with the conductors. In either
case, the segments must be insulated from the adjacent cathode
connectors and, preferably, are offset from the cathode conductors
or the conductors are offset downwardly from the associated cathode
segments to avoid electrical contact with them.
Four exemplary integrally formed cathode electrodes suitable for
use in the display panel of FIG. 1, for example, are illustrated in
FIG. 3. Electrode 92 bears a plurality of cathode segments 93 which
are upwardly offset at their remote ends in the figure; cathode
electrode 94 bears a plurality of cathode electrode segments 95
upwardly offset from it at their mid-points; and electrode 96 bears
a plurality of electrode segments 97 upwardly offset from it at the
near ends of them; and electrode 98 bears a plurality of cathode
elements 99 which may be offset from it as shown or not, since no
clearance need be provided for crossing cathode segments or their
connectors. Electrode 98 or any suitable variation thereof may be
utilized as cathode conductor 21, 25 or 29 in FIG. 1.
The display device of FIG. 1 is operated by the application of
relatively negative potentials to selected ones of cathode
conductors 21 - 29 and decimal terminal leads 45A - 48A and 45B -
48B, and the selective application of relatively positive
potentials to anode electrodes 150, 160, 170 and 180, either
sequentially or otherwise. For each character to be displayed,
selected ones of cathode conductors 21 - 29 are energized
concurrent with activation of one of anodes 150 - 180. If this is
rapidly repeated with activation of anodes 150, 160, 170 and 180
successively, then a constant yet changeable display of numerals,
together with certain alphabetic characters or symbols, may be
provided by the device.
In the embodiment of FIG. 2 an insulating base plate 110 is
provided having a plurality of parallel grooves or depressions 101
- 107 therein, in which are disposed cathode conductors 121 - 127,
each bearing a plurality of cathode segments. Cathode conductor 121
bears cathode segments 251, 261, 271, and 281 and cathode conductor
127 bears cathode segments 257, 267, 277, and 287, for example.
Decimal point electrodes 152 - 182, connected to terminal leads 45A
- 48A are supported by base plate 110, as are decimal electrodes
157 - 187 having terminal leads 45B - 48B.
The cathode display segments in this embodiment are attached to the
corresponding cathode conductors 121 - 127 suitably offset
therefrom, as illustrated, and are electrically isolated from each
other and the adjacent connectors within grooves 101 - 107 in base
plate 110 as shown.
The display panel of FIG. 2 also includes an apertured insulating
plate or sheet 120 having openings and slots for the corresponding
cathode elements or segments. In this embodiment, the slots are
narrower than the corresponding cathode segments and, therefore,
define the glow seen by the viewer for providing a sharp character
outline. The device illustrated in FIG. 2 also includes a plurality
of anode screen electrodes 150 - 180 having terminal leads 35, 36,
37, 38, respectively, and a glass cover plate. It is operated
similar to the device of FIG. 1 except that only 7 different
character segments are provided at each display position for
indicating the desired numbers or symbols.
In a modification of the invention shown in FIG. 4, the connectors
are depressed beneath the cathode segments rather than the cathode
segments being elevated above their connectors as described above.
Referring more specifically to FIG. 4, a base plate 112 of glass,
ceramic or the like is provided as a support for substantially flat
cathode segments, as shown. Cathode conductors 221, 224 and 227 may
be thin flat strips disposed on base plate 112 as shown, or may
have wider or narrower cathode segment portions defined along their
lengths, if desired. Cathode conductors 222, 223, 225 and 226 are
each formed with integral cathode segments oriented at an angle to
them.
Cathode conductors 222, 223, 225 and 226 are each offset at
specific points to provide clearance for the cathode strip segments
from adjacent elements which overlay them, as shown. Cathode
conductors 222 and 223 are positioned side-by-side with their
associated cathode elements interleaving the adjacent portions of
the other conductor. Cathode conductors 225 and 226 are positioned
side-by-side with their associated cathode elements 355-385 and
356-386, respectively, interleaved with the adjacent conductor, as
shown.
The offset portions of conductors 222, 223, 225 and 226 of the
assembly of FIG. 4 at the point of cathode segment crossovers may
be disposed within depressions or notches 112A of base plate 112,
as shown in the sectional view of FIG. 5 or may rest upon the
surface of a base plate 113, as shown in the sectional view of FIG.
6. Conductors 222, 223, 225 and 226 may be fixed in place or
isolated from each other by a glass or ceramic frit or the like in
the arrangement of FIG. 5 or FIG. 6.
In the structure of FIG. 5 insulating frit may be placed within
notches or depressions 112A in base plate 112 or elsewhere, as
desired. In the structure of FIG. 6, insulating pads 213,
insulating globules of frit, or the like are placed between the
cathode strip elements and the adjacent cathode connectors at the
crossover points, and insulating frit may be placed between the
connectors and base plate 113, as desired.
In the base plate assembly of FIG. 7 a layer 115 of insulating
material such as a glass or ceramic frit or glaze is disposed on a
base plate 113 or the like and cathode conductors 321-327 are at
least partially embedded in the insulating layer, leaving their
associated cathode elements exposed. That is, flat cathode elements
351, 361, 371 and 381 of cathode conductor 321 are exposed,
although the connecting portions of the conductor are covered by
insulating layer 115. Likewise, the flat cathode elements 357, 367,
377 and 387 of cathode conductor 327 are exposed and the connecting
portions of conductor 327 are covered by insulating layer 115.
The exposed cathode segments 351-381, . . . 357-387 may reside at
an elevation above the top surface of insulating layer 115 or may
be at least partially disposed within depressions in the insulating
layer 115, if desired. An apertured sheet or plate 120 having slots
of desired length and width in its opaque surface or coating is
disposed above the exposed cathode segments for outlining the
portions of the cathode elements which are to be viewed. Suitable
planar anode electrodes or the like are disposed above apertured
insulating sheet 120 of the apparatus of both FIGS. 4 and 7 in the
construction of an operating device.
Although the preferred embodiments of the invention have been
described in detail, it should be understood that the present
disclosure has been made by way of example only. Many modifications
and variations of the invention are possible in light of the above
teachings. It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope
of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise
than as specifically disclosed.
* * * * *