U.S. patent number 3,742,209 [Application Number 05/147,835] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-26 for lighting fixture.
Invention is credited to Charles S. Williams.
United States Patent |
3,742,209 |
Williams |
June 26, 1973 |
LIGHTING FIXTURE
Abstract
A light support portion is interconnected to a first spring
means. The first spring means is interconnected with a second
spring means by an intermediate relatively rigid means which may
include a swivel joint connected at an intermediate point thereof.
The second spring means is interconnected with a mounting means
which movably mounts the lighting fixture for movement with respect
to a support means, the lighting fixture being supported in a
generally horizontal relationship. The second spring means is
shorter and more rigid than the first spring means and serves
mainly to absorb vertical forces while the first spring means
absorbs both vertical and horizontal forces.
Inventors: |
Williams; Charles S. (Lubbock,
TX) |
Family
ID: |
22523097 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/147,835 |
Filed: |
May 28, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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58622 |
Jul 27, 1970 |
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846000 |
Jul 30, 1969 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
362/430; 248/629;
248/278.1; 248/624 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F21V
21/26 (20130101); F21V 21/28 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F21V
21/14 (20060101); F21V 21/26 (20060101); F21V
21/28 (20060101); F26s 001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;248/204,278,282,283,285,289 ;240/73BA,73BJ |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schultz; William H.
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application is a continuation-in-part of copending U.S.
Pat. application Ser. No. 58,622 filed July 27, 1970, entitled
"Lighting Fixture" which in turn is a continuation-in-part of U.S.
Pat. application Ser. No. 846,000, filed July 30, 1969 and now
abandoned.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A lighting fixture comprising a light support portion, a first
spring means interconnected with said light support portion, a
second spring means, intermediate relatively rigid means connected
between said first and second spring means, a swivel joint
connected to an intermediate portion of said relatively rigid
means, and mounting means interconnected with said second spring
means to movably mount the lighting fixture with respect to a
support means for movement.
2. A lighting fixture comprising a light support portion which
includes a light socket, a first spring means interconnected with
said light support portion, a second spring means, intermediate
relatively rigid means connected between said first and second
spring means, mounting means interconnected with said second spring
means to movably mount the lighting fixture with respect to a
support means for movement, and wherein said first and second
spring means, said relatively rigid means and a portion of said
mounting means are all of tubular construction, and electrical lead
means extending through said tubular means.
3. The fixture of claim 2 wherein each of said spring means
comprises a compression spring.
4. The lighting fixture of claim 2 wherein said light support
portion is substantially adjacent to said first spring means.
5. A fixture as defined in claim 2 wherein said mounting means
includes first and second portions, said first portion being
connected to said second spring means and being pivotally supported
by said second portion to support said first and second spring
means as well as said relatively rigid means in generally
horizontal position.
6. A fixture as defined in claim 5 wherein said second portion
includes spaced parts for receiving spaced parts of said first
portion and wherein said first portion is supported for pivotal
movement about a generally vertical axis.
7. A fixture as defined in claim 2 including first and second
interconnected arm portions spaced horizontally from one
another.
8. A fixture as defined in claim 7 wherein said first arm portion
is connected to said light support portion and said second arm
portion is connected to said mounting means, said first arm portion
being longer than said second arm portion.
9. A fixture as defined in claim 2 wherein said second spring means
is more rigid than said first spring means.
10. The lighting fixture of claim 9 wherein said light support
portion is substantially adjacent to said first spring means.
11. A fixture as defined in claim 9 wherein said second spring
means is of less length than said first spring means.
12. A fixture as defined in claim 2 including a swivel joint
connected to an intermediate portion of said relatively rigid
means.
13. A fixture as defined in claim 12 including first and second
elongated arm portions, said swivel joint being connected between
adjacent ends of said arm portions, and being adapted to swivel
about an axis extending substantially perpendicular to said arm
portions.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lighting fixture adapted to be
used in locations such as truck terminal docks, warehouses,
railroad docks, storage docks, and the like wherein the lighting
fixture is exposed and is liable to be accidentally struck by
objects being moved about the immediate vicinity thereof.
In such applications, it is essential to provide an arrangement
wherein the lighting fixture incorporates a support means which
provides a shock resistant mounting to protect the lighting fixture
as well as any object which may strike the lighting fixture.
The lighting fixture must be capable of absorbing both horizontal
and vertical forces applied thereto, and in addition it is
desirable to provide an arrangement whereby the position of the
light support portion can be selectively adjusted so that the beam
of light can be aimed to provide illumination at a desired
location.
Various shock resistant lighting fixtures have been provided in the
prior art, many such fixtures employing spring means for enabling
deflection of the lighting fixture when force is applied
thereto.
In conventional lighting fixtures, a single spring may be provided
which is secured to a rigid conduit either fixedly secured to a
junction box or connected therewith by a ball swivel arrangement.
When a ball swivel connection is provided, the electrical wiring is
often twisted so as to sever it or to cause the insulation to wear
off thereby resulting in a short-circult. This occurs with ball
swivel arrangements even though they are keyed and slotted.
In some instances, the rigid conduit is fixedly secured to a
junction box. If such a conduit is struck or has a force applied to
it inboard of a spring connected to the outer end thereof, the
conduit is permanently bent out of alignment since there is no
means for absorbing energy applied to the conduit.
On the other hand, if the light support portion of the fixture is
attached to a rigid conduit which in turn has a single spring
disposed inboard thereof, no protection is provided against forces
applied longitudinally of the fixture whereby the conduit portion
will break or bend out of alignment thereby rendering the fixture
unsafe in those cases where the insulation around the wiring is
penetrated or crimped.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the light support portion is connected to
a first spring means, for example by means of a joint which may be
adjustable. The first spring means in turn is interconnected with a
second spring means by an intermediate relatively rigid means. A
mounting means is in turn interconnected with the second spring
means to movably mount the lighting fixture for movement with
respect to a support means, the lighting fixture being supported in
a generally horizontal position.
Each of the spring means employed in the present invention
comprises a compression spring which is in complete compression.
The second spring means is shorter and accordingly more rigid than
the first spring means, the two spring means being of substantially
identical construction and differing only in the length thereof. It
is of course apparent that springs of varying size can be employed
so long as the relative rigidity relationship of the two springs is
maintained. This construction enables the fixture to readily absorb
forces applied both longitudinally thereof and laterally thereof
and the fixture will quickly return to its original position after
having been deflected.
In the present invention, the fixture is supported in generally
horizontal position and the second spring is primarily adapted to
absorb vertical forces while the first spring is adapted to absorb
both vertical and horizontal forces and in particular affords
protection for the fixture from horizontal forces applied thereto
and localizes the area of give to preserve the rigidity needed for
the varying length of the device. The length can of course be
readily varied by altering the length of the relatively rigid
intermediate portion of the fixture.
The first spring may be of sufficient length so that it is capable
of bending double upon itself, this spring being capable of holding
approximately three times the weight of the light support portion
and yet at the same time being adapted to flex under a force
substantially less than that required to break or bend any portion
of the fixture.
The springs are placed at the points where the greatest amount of
force is produced and will reduce the forces most effectively at
these points. The spring action is localized and any reflex action
is minimized if the fixture is struck.
The springs, as well as the components associated therewith,
including the relatively rigid intermediate portion, are all of
tubular construction so as to receive and provide protection to
electrical lead means employed to provide electrical energy to the
lights mounted in the light fixture.
A special mounting means is provided in the present invention
enabling the fixture to be mounted in a horizontal position and
further allowing the fixture to swing in a horizontal plane so as
to be readily adjusted. The mounting means enables the lighting
fixture to be readily supported on any suitable vertical surface
and, for example, the fixture may be mounted along the side of a
door so that it is able to swing out into the door opening.
The relatively rigid intermediate portion of the fixture may in
some instances include a swivel joint although such a joint is not
necessary. The swivel joint provides greater versatility for the
fixture and is of such a construction that a minimum wearing effect
is produced on the wiring of the fixture which passes through the
tubular components of the swivel joint.
The fixture includes first and second interconnected arm portions
spaced horizontally from one another when the swivel joint is
employed whereby the fixture can fold back upon itself against a
wall, column, or any other suitable vertical support means. The
outboard arm portion of the fixture preferably is longer than the
inboard arm portion to prevent the second arm portion from having a
full 360.degree. of travel about an associated swivel joint. In
other words, the light support portion will contact the associated
support means before it can travel a complete circle about the
associated swivel joint thereby preventing winding up or tearing of
the internal wiring of the fixture.
The swivel joint may include means for limiting the angular
movement of the movable portions of the swivel joint, although such
limiting means is not necessary when the outboard arm portion is of
greater length than the inboard arm portion as discussed above.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an elevation of a lighting fixture according to the
present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the components of the swivel joints
of the fixture;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale taken substantially
along the line 3--3 of FIG. 1 looking in the direction of the
arrows;
FIG. 4 is a top perspective view of a portion of said mounting
means;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken substantially along the
line 5--5 of FIG. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows; and
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 6--6 of FIG.
1 looking in the direction of the arrows.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characters
designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, the
fixture includes a housing or reflector 10 which may be formed of
spun aluminum or the like and which is sufficiently resilient to
bend back into shape if it is deformed. A wire bulb guard 12 formed
of heavy gauge wire is supported at the outer end of the housing to
prevent bulb breakage. A conventional incandescent bulb is of
course adapted to be supported within the usual ceramic light
socket supported by the housing.
A rigid portion 14 extending from the housing is interconnected
with an adjustable joint means indicated generally by reference
numeral 16 which may be substantially identical with the adjustable
joint means illustrated in detail in the aforementioned copending
patent application. A further rigid tubular portion 18 is
interconnected with the adjustable joint means and is further
connected with a first elongated compression spring 20. The light
support portion is substantially adjacent to the end of the first
elongated spring 20. That is, the length of the portions 14 and 18
and any other connection between the light support portion and the
first spring means is small as compared to the overall length of
the lighting fixture. As seen most clearly in FIG. 5, the inner end
of tubular portion 18 is provided with threads on the outer surface
thereof which are threaded into the outer end of spring 20. In a
typical example, the spring may have a length on the order of 5
inches. An electrical lead 22 extends through these tubular
portions and is connected in a suitable manner to the electrical
socket in a housing 10.
The length of relatively rigid electrical conduit 30 has the outer
end thereof threaded and threaded into the inner end of spring 20.
The opposite end of member 30 is threaded within a tubular coupler
32 having internal threads formed therein as seen in FIG. 6. A
further length of relatively rigid electrical conduit 34 has the
outer end thereof threaded within coupler 32, while the inner end
of member 34 is similarly threaded within a further coupler 36. A
short length of relatively rigid electrical conduit 38 has the
outer end thereof threaded within coupler 36, while the inner
threaded end of member 38 is interconnected with a swivel joint
indicated generally by reference numeral 40.
The swivel joint as seen most clearly in FIG. 2 includes three
members, 42, 44, and 46, members 42 and 46 being of similar
construction and comprising elbow members, while member 44 is of
straight cylindrical construction. Member 42 includes a first
opening 50 for receiving member 38, the interior of the elbow
member being threaded to cooperate with the thread on member 38.
Elbow member 42 also includes a second opening 52 for receiving
member 44, a set screw 54 being threaded through a suitable hole in
the elbow for a purpose hereinafter described. The elbow member is
also illustrated as including a removable cover 55.
The second elbow member 46 includes an opening 56 for receiving a
relatively rigid tubular member hereinafter described, the elbow
member also including an opening 58 for receiving one end of member
44. A set screw 60 is threaded through a suitable hole provided in
the elbow for a purpose hereinafter described. Elbow 46 also
includes a removable cover 59.
Member 44 of the swivel joint includes a pair of slots 60 and 62,
each of which extends through an arc of approximately 180.degree.
on opposite sides of the member and at opposite ends thereof. The
upper end of member 44 fits through hole 52 and elbow 42, and set
screw 54 is received within slot 60. In a similar manner, the lower
end of member 44 fits through opening 58 in elbow 46 and set screw
60 is received within slot 62.
It is apparent that the cooperation between the set screws and the
slots maintain the members of the swivel joint in a similar
relationship with respect to one another and further serve to limit
the relative rotation between the members thereof. The set screw
and slot arrangement may be eliminated if so desired since it is
not necessary to provide means for limiting the relative rotation
between the parts. Additionally, it is again noted that the swivel
joint itself is an optional feature and may be eliminated from the
fixture construction.
Follow again the FIG. 1 of the drawings, a short length of
relatively rigid electrical conduits 70 as the opposite ends
thereof threaded within elbow 46 and a coupler 74. A further length
of relatively rigid electrical conduit 76 has the opposite ends
thereof threaded within coupler 74 and still another coupler
78.
A further length of electrical conduit 80 has the opposite ends
thereof threaded within coupler 78 and a second spring means 82.
This second spring means is also a compression spring in complete
compression and in a typical example may have a length of
approximately 3 inches whereby it is of substantially less length
than the first spring means 20 and accordingly is of greater
rigidity.
A further length of relatively rigid electrical conduit 84 has the
opposite ends thereof threaded within spring 82 and a T member 90.
Two members 92 and 94 are threaded within opposite line holes
formed in the T member, and in line swivel 96 being connected with
the upper end of member 94. It will be noted that the electrical
lead means 22 extends from swivel 96 to a suitable source of
electrical energy, the electrical lead means extending through the
various tubular components of the fixture to the aforementioned
light socket.
The mounting means includes first portion including T member as
well as tubular members 92, 94, and 96 as well as a second portion
which as seen most clearly in FIG. 4 comprises a plate 100 having a
plurality of spaced holes 102 formed therethrough for receiving
screws or the like whereby the plate may be mounted on any suitable
vertical support surface. The plate includes a pair of integral
spaced tubular portions 104 which are adapted to receive tubular
portions 92 and 94 aforedescribed. As seen in FIG. 1, when the
mounting means is in assembled relationship, the fixture is mounted
in generally horizontal position and is adapted to swing about a
vertical axis extending through the portions 104 of the mounting
means.
In the form of the invention illustrated in the drawings, a swivel
joint is illustrated, and in such an arrangement first and second
interconnected arm portions are provided which are spaced
horizontally from one another. The first or outboard arm portion
includes members 18, 20, 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38, while the second
or inboard arm portion includes members 70, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, and
84. It will be noted that the first arm portion is longer than the
second arm portion so as to limit swinging movement of the first
arm portion as aforedescribed.
As this invention may be embodied in several forms without
departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, the
present embodiment is therefore illustrative and not restrictive,
and since the scope of the invention is defined by the appended
claims, all changes that fall within the metes and bounds of the
claims or that form their functional as well as conjointly
cooperate equivalents are therefore intended to be embraced by
those claims.
* * * * *