U.S. patent number 3,738,469 [Application Number 05/064,157] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-12 for tester for different types of coins.
Invention is credited to Georg Prumm.
United States Patent |
3,738,469 |
Prumm |
June 12, 1973 |
TESTER FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF COINS
Abstract
A method and apparatus for checking coins during their travel
along at least one coin channel of a coin checking device is
disclosed which contemplates subjecting each coin to a damping
measurement to obtain a first type of information about the coin,
and also subjecting the coin to at least a second measuring
operation to obtain a second type of information about the coin
being checked. The invention further teaches the possibility of
performing a still further damping measurement to obtain additional
information about the coin different from said first type of
information.
Inventors: |
Prumm; Georg (Bergneustadt,
DT) |
Family
ID: |
25757820 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/064,157 |
Filed: |
August 17, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
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Aug 22, 1969 [DT] |
|
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P 19 42 822.9 |
Sep 18, 1969 [DT] |
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P 19 47 238.9 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
194/318;
194/334 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G07D
5/02 (20130101); G07D 5/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G07f 003/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;194/4,101,1A,100.5,102
;133/3 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Tollberg; Stanley H.
Claims
Accordingly what is claimed is:
1. A coin checking apparatus for checking different types of coins,
comprising circuit means for performing predetermined measurement
operations at the coin being checked and for evaluating the thus
obtained information, said measuring and evaluation circuit means
incorporating a repeating number of components the repeat of which
corresponds to the number of different types of coins to be
checked, at least one sequence circuit means incorporating coin
collecting circuitry and reset circuitry means for the momentarily
activated circuit components, said sequence circuit means being
utilized for checking all the different types of coins, means
providing a common coin channel for all of the different types of
coins, mechanism defining a measuring location for monitoring said
coin channel for all the different types of coins, said mechanism
defining said measuring location comprising two oppositely situated
coils, one such coil defining a transmitter means for an
alternating magnetic field, the other of said coils defining a
receiver means.
2. A coin checking apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said
two coils possess a transverse axis which is at approximately the
same distance from the transverse axes of the smallest and largest
coins of the different types of coins to be checked and therefore
such measuring location is metal-oriented.
3. A coin checking apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said
two coils possess a transverse axis which is spaced from the bottom
of the coin channel as far as possible, so that the smallest coin
of a coin class is just still able to influence the measuring
location and therefore such measuring location is
diameter-oriented.
4. A coin checking apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the
lateral spacing of both coils from one another is accommodated to a
predetermined fixed coin class to thereby influence the attainable
damping measurement values such that said damping measurement
values generated by the individual coin types have the most
favorable spacing from one another for evaluation purposes.
5. A coin checking apparatus for checking different types of coins,
comprising circuit means for performing predetermined measurement
operations at the coin being checked and for evaluating the thus
obtained information, said measuring and evaluation circuit means
incorporating a repeating number of components the repeat of which
corresponds to the number of different types of coins to be
checked, and at least one sequence circuit means incorporating coin
collecting circuitry and reset circuitry means for the momentarily
activated circuit components, said sequence circuit means being
utilized for checking all the different types of coins, means
providing a common coin channel for one or a plurality of coin
types, means for monitoring said common coin channel comprising
mechanism defining two measuring locations wherein one said
measuring location is constructed to be diameter-oriented and the
other measuring location is constructed to be metal-oriented, and
wherein the measuring location arranged first in said coin channel
switches a predetermined current path in an evaluation circuit of
the second measuring location as a function of the measurement
result obtained by said first-arranged measuring location.
6. A coin checking apparatus for checking different types of coins,
comprising circuit means for performing predetermined measurement
operations at the coin being checked and for evaluating the thus
obtained information, said measuring and evaluation circuit means
incorporating a repeating number of components the repeat of which
corresponds to the number of different types of coins to be
checked, and at least one sequence circuit means incorporating coin
collecting circuitry and reset circuitry means for the momentarily
activated circuit components, said sequence circuit means being
utilized for checking all the different types of coins, means
defining a measuring location for monitoring the coins, said
measuring and evaluation circuit means further incorporating an
amplifier coupled with said measuring location for amplifying
signals received therefrom, a plurality of voltage discriminators
for receiving the amplified signals from said amplifier, each of
said voltage discriminators being set at a response value
corresponding to a predetermined coin type.
7. A coin checking apparatus for checking different types of coins,
comprising circuit means for performing predetermined measurement
operations at the coin being checked and for evaluating the thus
obtained information, said measuring and evaluation circuit means
incorporating a repeating number of components the repeat of which
corresponds to the number of different types of coins to be
checked, and at least one sequence circuit means incorporating coin
collecting circuitry and reset circuitry means for the momentarily
activated circuit components, said sequence circuit means being
utilized for checking all the different types of coins, means
defining a plurality of measuring locations including at least a
first and second measuring location for checking the coins said
measuring and evaluation circuit means further comprising a
plurality of voltage discriminators and a respective subsequently
electrically coupled flip-flop means, the signal generated by the
first measuring location to be influenced by a coin being evaluated
by said plurality of voltage discriminators and said subsequently
arranged flip-flop, said second measuring location possessing a
signal conductor and a common amplifier, the output of each
flip-flop together with said signal conductor of said second
measuring location being electrically coupled with a respective
subsequently arranged AND-gate each having an output a common
voltage discriminator having an input and set to a predetermined
value, and a respective resistance combination electrically coupled
between said output of each AND-gate and the input to said common
voltage discriminator, said resistance combinations serving to
attenuate the variably high voltage peaks in each case by a certain
amount so that said voltage peaks can be checked by said common
voltage discriminator.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and improved method for
checking coins moving along at least one guide channel of a coin
checking apparatus, and further pertains to a new and improved coin
checking apparatus for carrying out the aforesaid inventive
method.
The previously known techniques for checking coins almost
exclusively rely upon mechanical apparatuses. These mechanical
apparatuses check the thickness, diameter and weight of the coins.
However, such coin checking apparatuses can be easily fooled by
metal discs or washers, provided that such approximately possess
the dimensions of the actual coins and provided further that their
weight corresponds to the weight of the real coins which, if
necessary, can be corrected by boring the metal discs or washers or
by adding heavier metals thereto.
Apart from these mechanical techniques there have also become known
to the art electronic techniques for checking coins, so called
"damping-measuring techniques". All of these so-called
"damping-measuring techniques" manifest themselves by virtue of
their relatively low price and extremely practical measurement
results. The decisive drawback of this coin checking method,
however, resides in the fact that they can be even more easily
fooled by counterfeit coins than the mechanically operating
equipment. This can be explained when it is realized that for all
damping measuring techniques, as a practical matter only one
composite value can be measured, resulting from the sum of those
parameters of the coin which influence the measuring operation,
such as material, thickness, diameter. The composite value of a
coin, such as for instance the German one-mark piece, stamped from
a metallic alloy possessing only average electrical dampening
qualities, can be very easily obtained by a smaller and thinner
coin formed of a more pronounced damping metal, copper for
instance.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, there is a real need in the art for coin checking
equipment and techniques which are not associated with the
aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art. Therefore, a primary
objective of the present invention is to provide just such improved
coin checking technique and equipment therefor which overcomes the
aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art and which capably
fulfils this need.
Another, more specific object of the present invention relates to
an improved method for checking coins which, on the one hand,
insures for sufficiently positive checking results and, on the
other hand, permits undertaking the coin checking operation in an
economical, feasible and reliable fashion.
Still a further significant objective of this invention relates to
an improved coin checking technique and equipment therefor which is
extremely reliable in operation, has great versatility insofar as
it is readily capable of checking coins of different denominations
and types with utmost integrity, and effectively safeguards against
the improper use of false or counterfeit coins or coin types.
Now, in order to implement these and still further objects of the
present invention, which will become more readily apparent as the
description proceeds, the inventive method is manifested by the
features that each coin to be checked is subjected to a damping
measurement, and by means of at least a second measurement
operation there is determined either the diameter and/or the
thickness and/or the existence of a central bore and/or the
embossing of the coins, or by means of a second damping measurement
operation, which however functions according to a different
viewpoint, there is once more derived a composite measurement value
based upon other parameters.
Such type coin checking equipment has not yet become known to the
art. As already explained heretofore, when utilizing a coin
material possessing a more pronounced damping characteristic it is
possible to attain the damping value of a certain coin in that
certain modifications are undertaken at the geometric dimensions of
the counterfeit coin. This can be achieved with respect to
thickness, diameter and also by boring a hole in the counterfeit
coin.
With all of these attempts to outwit a damping measurement
apparatus with the aid of such type prepared metallic discs or
washers, the manipulations with respect to diameter and the central
bore have the greatest practical significance. Therefore,
hereinafter no particular attention will be paid with regard to
thickness measurements, because such can be neglected with the view
of realizing advantageous manufacturing costs of the inventive
apparatus. Yet, it is here mentioned that the observations
undertaken hereinafter with respect to a measurement apparatus for
the determination of the diameter and/or the provision of a bore or
hole at a coin, can be analogously applied for apparatus for the
determination of the existing thickness.
Now the invention, first of all, contemplates that initially an
apparatus, which will be hereinafter described in greater detail,
determines the geometric criteria of a coin, and thereafter frees a
current path at which only the correct damping value derived with
respect to the determined geometric criteria generates a signal
which can then be further conducted for the evaluation process. In
other words: a signal can only appear if, for instance, the first
mechanism has responded such as to indicate that the measured coin
possesses the size of, for instance, a German 1-mark piece, and if
the subsequent, second measuring location has determined by means
of a damping measurement that the coin to be checked has provided
just that damping measurement value which corresponds to a German
1-mark piece. In such case it is assumed that the checked coin was
a true German 1-mark piece.
Thus, any possibility of achieving a deceptive intent through use
of larger or smaller coins has been thwarted. Indeed, for instance,
it is possible to achieve with a small copper coin the damping
value of a German 1-mark piece. Yet, in such case the evaluation of
such ostensibly correct damping value will be suppressed, because
the previously connected arrangement for the determination of the
diameter has ascertained that the coin does not possess the correct
diameter dimension of a 1-mark piece. The diameter checking
mechanism would more likely have freed the current path which has
corresponded to the diameter of a smaller coin and the therewith
associated damping value.
Through the inventive combination of an apparatus for the
determination of the diameter and/or thickness and/or bore provided
at the coin with a damping measurement mechanism, it is possible
for instance, to check in a single coin channel a number of coins
of different damping values without there simultaneously occurring
overlapping of smaller or larger coins or counterfeit coins.
It is completely immaterial for the performance of the inventive
method whether, for the determination of the geometric criteria of
the coins to be checked, there are employed contacts or whether the
measurement operation proceeds in a contactless fashion.
In accordance with a number of inventive concepts the method can be
carried out in different ways. For instance, it is possible to
utilize mechanical contacts and to derive the force necessary for
their actuation from manual manipulations which are available
during insertion of the coin into the coin slot.
According to a further aspect of the invention, it is also possible
to operate mechanical contact devices in such a way that there are
used for the continuous movement of the coins to be checked a
motor-derived force. According to a further concept of the
invention it is possible to undertake the measurement of the
geometric criteria through the utilization of a contactless
measuring technique.
Moreover, the method aspects of the invention can furthermore be
manifested by the features that the evaluation of the measurement
signal can occur in a digital or analogue fashion. Moreover, in the
case of a digital evaluation of the signal it is possible to
undertake the evaluation process, through appropriate application
of the measuring head and the design of the circuitry, by means of
a so-called "sequential circuit" or also by means of a so-called
"selective pair-circuit." Both of these exemplary embodiments will
be more fully described hereinafter during the discussion of the
inventive apparatus manifestations for carrying out the inventive
coin checking technique.
Additionally, it is here to be understood that as far as the
inventive method is concerned it is completely immaterial whether
initially there is determined the geometric criteria of the coins
and then there is undertaken the damping measurement operation, or
whether these procedures are performed in the reverse sequence.
Additionally, it is here mentioned that because of the differences
of the individual coins it is possible to design and construct the
apparatus for the performance of such inventive method in different
ways.
Thus, initially one must differentiate between coin checking
apparatuses for only one coin and those which are capable of
checking a plurality of coins. In the case of the last-mentioned
group, it is necessary to differentiate between multiple-type coin
checking devices in which there is available for each coin type an
individual coin inlet slot (in other words for each coin checking
device a group of coin inlet or receiving slots), or those coin
checking devices for a number of coins in which all coins, without
differentiation, are introduced to only a single coin infeed
slot.
Within the confines of the inventive concepts of measuring
individual parameters of a coin and utilizing the result of this
measurement operation for amplifying an indirectly operating
measuring technique which determines a number of parameters in the
form of a composite value, there is also contemplated the
determination of the embossment or stamping of the coin.
As previously mentioned it is possible for non-embossed metallic
discs or washers to simulate the presence of a coin, because they
coincidently generate the same damping value or "composite value".
Therefore, it is an objective of the invention to make it more
difficult or impossible to use this simple and obvious possibility
for outwitting an electronic coin checking device. Therefore, the
invention proposes the use of an optional measurement arrangement
in order to safeguard the damping measurement operation and such
then determines whether the coins to be checked are provided at
their surfaces with recesses. A common characteristic of such
measurement arrangements is, likewise according to the inventive
aspects, that they store their Yes/No-response which is then
evaluated upon the completion of the travel of the coin through a
measurement path. Particular considerations with respect to the
construction thereof are not necessary, because for such there is
applicable in principle the same considerations which previously
were made with respect to the arrangements for the determination of
the diameter or thickness or bore and such, for instance, can be
achieved by scanning the coin's surface by means of a
piezoelectrical element in known manner.
Accordingly, it is a further objective of the invention to provide
a coin checking apparatus for the performance of the inventive
method, wherein the checking of a number of coin types is
undertaken by means of a damping measurement and an evaluation
circuit which is manifested by the features that only individual
components of the measuring-and evaluation circuit are only
repeatedly provided in accordance with the number of coin types to
be checked, and at least one so-called sequence-circuit, consisting
of the circuitry of the coin collecting device and a resetting
circuit for the momentarily employed circuit components, is
provided only one time and used for the checking of all coin
types.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be better understood and objects other than
those set forth above, will become apparent when consideration is
given to the following detailed description thereof. Such
description makes reference to the annexed drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken through a
coin checking mechanism for a coin type in which the contact
testing for the diameter of the coin is arranged directly at the
coin infeed slot at the front plate of the coin checking
device;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view through a
single-type coin checking device wherein the relevant contact is
arranged in the channel for the travelling coins and therefore is
protected against being tampered with;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view through a
single-type checking device in which the relevant contact is
arranged in the same manner as in FIG. 2 above, however possesses
such a long contact lever portion that the range of pivoting of
such contact lever falls within the measuring arrangement for the
damping measurement;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates the rear face of a coin checking
apparatus for four different coins, in which four separate coin
infeed slots for each coin type open into a common checking
channel;
FIGS. 5 to 9 illustrate multiple-type coin checking equipment
utilizing a common coin infeed slot for all coin sizes and types
which are to be checked, and specifically wherein,
FIG. 5 schematically depicts the rear face of a coin infeed slot
having mounted thereat a slide member and four contact arrangements
corresponding to the four different size coins to be deposited,
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view through a coin
checking channel for four different size coins in which four
testing or scanning elements for the individual size coins are
arranged after one another, to provide the so-called "sequential
circuit",
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view through a coin
checking channel in which four measuring probes are arranged for
determing the coin diameter and a further measuring probe is
arranged for determing the existence of a bore or hole at the coin
in a particular manner, and defining the so-called "selective
pair-circuit",
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view through a motor-driven conveying
or feed disc arrangement for the coins with the associated slide
member for the determination of the diameter of the coins and for
pressing the coins so as to assume a specific measuring position,
and
FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a motor-driven conveying disc for
the coins which is constructed in stepwise fashion according to the
principle of the caliper gauge, and wherein an entrained sliding
contact bridges signal conductors as a function of the diameter of
the entrained coins, these signal conductors evaluating the
diameters of the associated damping measurement values;
FIGS. 10 to 23 inclusive illustrate different possible arrangements
for the measuring probes and provide appropriate clarifying
explanations with respect thereof;
FIGS. 24 to 26 illustrate respective block circuit diagrams
according to which a coin signal can be delivered to a plurality of
voltage discriminators (so-called threshold value circuits);
and
FIGS. 27 to 29 illustrate respective block circuit diagrams by
means of which the signals of a number of coins can be delivered to
a single threshold value circuit for evaluation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Describing now the drawings, the exemplary illustrated embodiments
of coin checking devices illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, each embody a
front plate member 10 provided thereat with the coin infeed slot 11
and a coin channel 14 formed of the base member 12 and the cover
member 13. Within each coin channel 14 there has been shown a
respective throughpassing coin 15 traveling in the direction of a
measuring probe 16 arranged within the associated coin channel 14.
The aforedescribed structure will be understood to be common to all
three embodiments of coin checking devices depicted in FIGS. 1, 2
and 3 respectively.
Now, turning specifically to the arrangement of FIG. 1, it will be
understood that a microswitch 17 is arranged behind a protective
cover plate 18. Microswitch 17 is directly attached to the front
plate 10 in such a way that its actuation plunger 19 extends
slightly into the area of the coin infeed slot 11 as shown. When it
is attempted to insert a coin into the coin traveling channel 14,
then, the actuation plunger 19 of the microswitch 17 must be
actuated if such coin possesses a predetermined minimum size. Coins
possessing too small dimension will not be able to actuate the
plunger 19 of the microswitch 17, and therefore will not be able to
close the current path for the evaluation of a signal delivered by
the measuring probe 16. Coins which possess a sufficient size to
actuate the microswitch 17 are only insignificantly smaller than
the correct coins intended to be collected and for which the coin
infeed slot 11 has been exactly designed. Coins possessing too
large a size can, indeed, under circumstances actuate the plunger
19 of the microswitch 17, but because of their oversize cannot be
inserted into the coin chute or channel 14. It is here mentioned
that placing of a current path into a preparatory state by means of
the microswitch 17 can, according to a further concept of the
invention, only be maintained for a momentary or temporary
adjustable period of time. In this manner, it is possible to
prevent that the preparatory state of a current path which may have
been brought about through tampering or manipulations undertaken at
the coin checking device by the user with the use of a too large
size coin, will then not be maintained if subsequent thereto there
is inserted a coin possessing too small a dimension.
However, it is here further indicated that the aforementioned
drawback existent with the arrangement of FIG. 1 can be effectively
prevented if the switch mechanism is completely removed from being
tampered with by the user, which can be successfully achieved by
arranging such within the confines of the coin channel or chute 14.
Such an arrangement has been schematically depicted in FIG. 2.
There, it will be observed that the microswitch 20 is located at
the upper side 13 of the coin channel 14 so that its feeler lever
member 21 extends into the region of the coin channel 14. Once
again, the coin infeed slot 11 has been designed to limit the
insertion of coins in accordance with prescribed size and
thickness. Coins possessing a dimension smaller than that of
acceptable coins will be indeed capable of moving through the coin
chute 14 past the measuring probe 16, yet without previously
actuating the microswitch 20. Actuation of the microswitch 20 can
only then be undertaken by a coin possessing a sufficiently large
size, and this operation is a prerequisite for the transmission of
a possibly correct measurement response signal emanating from the
measuring probe 16.
Now with the embodiments depicted and described with respect to
FIGS. 1 and 2, it is necessary to bridge the time period from the
moment of switching the microswitch until obtaining a measurement
response signal from the measuring probe 16. This bridging effect
can be easily achieved, for instance, through the provision of a
self-holding relay which can again be de-energized by a suitable
command delivered from the measuring probe 16 or else such can be
undertaken by means of an adjustable timing element.
However, it is possible to save on the expenditure of additional
components which are then required if there is used such a timing
element or self-holding relay, if, according to a further aspect of
the invention, the coin checking mechanism is designed in
accordance with the teachings of FIG. 3. By now referring to the
arrangement shown therein, it will be observed that the microswitch
20 is equipped with a feeler lever 22 which is so long that it
extends into the operable region of the measuring probe 16.
Furthermore, this FIG. 3 has depicted the coin 15 in coincidence
with the measuring probe 16, in other words such coin has exactly
reached the point of time at which the measuring probe 16 delivers
a measurement response signal. The microswitch 20 has already been
activated for a certain period of time and will further remain
activated for an additional period of time after the measuring
probe 16 has delivered its measurement result. By virtue of this
circuit arrangement and design of the coin checking device, it is
possible to dispense with the otherwise required expenditure of
components such as timing elements or the like.
A further common feature of the various embodiments of coin
checking devices depicted in FIGS. 1 to 3 resides in the fact that
the installation is continuously furnished with power or current.
However, situations are conceivable in which the operation of such
an installation or installations is dependent upon battery power.
In such case, an attempt would be made to maintain the consumption
of current as small as possible. Hence, according to a further
teaching of the invention, it is possible, in all of these cases,
to utilize the microswitch also for the switching-in and
switching-out of the current supply network. With the constructions
of coin checking devices depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2 wherein there is
of necessity required a timing element or the like, the latter can
be used not only for switching the current path, but also for
switching the current or voltage supply network. With the
arrangement of FIG. 3, the microswitch 20 is advantageously
constructed as a double-pole switch and undertakes, apart from
switching the current path, also the switching of the voltage
supply network.
FIG. 4 illustrates the rear face of a coin checking apparatus for
four different coins. Hence, by referring to FIG. 4 more
specifically, it will be observed that there are provided four
adjacently arranged coin infeed slots 23, 24, 25 and 26
communicating with sheet metal guide members 27, 28, 29 and 30
respectively, for guiding the deposited coins into a common coin
checking chute 31. Measuring probes 32 and 33 are arranged at both
sides of this coin checking chute 31. The coin infeed slots 23, 24,
25 and 26 are designed in respect of the diameter and thickness of
the permissable coins. Here also, the actuation plungers of
respective microswitches 34, 35, 36 and 37 extend slightly into the
upper region of the corresponding coin infeed slots 23, 24, 25 and
26. The amount with which the plungers extend into the
corresponding coin infeed slots is determined in accordance with
the permissable switching play of the plungers and in accordance
with the deviations of the diameter of the coins towards their
lower limit. What has been described with regard to the operation
of the arrangement of FIG. 1 is equally applicable for the
operation of this switching arrangement. Furthermore, a switching
mechanism 38 is associated with the coin infeed slot 24, switching
mechanism 38 possessing a plunger which scans the thickness of the
inserted coins. Thus, when the switch mechanism 38 is not placed
into operation, which would be the case if the deposited coins are
too thin, then it prevents the evaluation of a signal derived from
the measurement apparatus. Finally, it is here mentioned that as
far as the arrangement of the microswitches are concerned, the same
observations made with respect to FIG. 1 are equally applicable
here.
FIG. 5 illustrates the rear side or face of a coin infeed slot for
coins of different diameter. Once again, reference numeral 10
serves to designate the base or front plate whereas reference
numeral 11 designates the coin infeed slot which, insofar as its
dimensions are concerned, has been cut or otherwise designed with
respect to the largest size coin and the thickest coin of the
prescribed classification of four different coins. Furthermore, a
substantially T-shaped slide member 39, possessing at its upper
surface four stepped portions which correspond to the diameter
differences of the relevant coin classification, moves in guide
members 40 and 41 and is retained in its starting position by a
pair of spring members 42 and 43.
Now a coin which is smaller than the smallest of the four
acceptable coins, will pass through the coin infeed slot 11
without, however, displacing the slide member 39. The smallest coin
of the acceptable coin classification will slightly raise the slide
member 39 so that the plunger of the associated microswitch 44 will
be actuated. The third largest coin of the coin classification will
raise the slide member 39 through a slightly greater distance, so
that apart from actuation of the plunger of the microswitch 44 also
the plunger of the microswitch 45 will be activated. It therefore
follows that upon insertion of the second largest size coin of the
coin classification, the plungers of the microswitches 44, 45 and
46 will be energized or activated, and only the plunger of the
remaining microswitch 47 is not activated. Finally, upon insertion
of the largest size coin of the coin classification the slide
member 39 will be raised to such an extent that all four plungers
or switch contacts of the microswitches 44, 45, 46 and 47 will be
actuated. Such actuation of different contacts can be utilized, in
known fashion, to switch-in appropriate current paths.
In the embodiment of coin checking device depicted in FIG. 6, the
front plate has again been designated by reference character 10 and
the coin infeed slot formed thereat by reference character 11. Just
as was the case with the arrangement of FIG. 1, here also the coin
chute or channel 14 for the coins 15 is bounded by the lower wall
member or base 12 and the upper wall member or cover 13. At the end
of the coin chute 14, there is arranged a measuring probe 16 for
performing a damping measurement operation, as for instance
described in my copending U.S. Patent Application, Ser. No. 55,752
filed July 17, 1970, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,682,286, and entitled
"Method for Electronically Checking Coins". Furthermore, between
the coin infeed slot 11 and the measuring probe 16, there are
arranged four further measuring probes 48, 49, 50 and 51, spaced at
various distances, as shown, from the base 12 of the coin chute or
channel 14. The measuring probes 48-51 represent, for instance,
inductive feelers, which then assume a switched state if coins pass
thereby at a certain minimum spacing. According to the teachings of
the invention, the arrangement of such feelers 48, 49 50 and 51 is
undertaken in such a manner that initially the switch for the
largest coin is first arranged, and then in the following sequence
the switches for the remaining smaller coins, providing what has
been conveniently termed herein a so-called "sequential-circuit
arrangement". Moreover, in this context, it is mentioned that it is
advantageous to design the circuitry such that -- as indicated in
the exemplary embodiment -- response of the probe 48 releases the
current path intended to conduct the damping measurement signal of
the largest coin of the coin classification and simultaneously
insuring that energization of the probe 48 suppresses the
excitation of the probes 49, 50 and 51. Operation of the smaller
probes is to be undertaken in analogous fashion; that is to say,
response of the probe 49 suppresses the response of the subsequent
probes 50 and 51.
It is here mentioned that, according to a further aspect of the
invention, the switch means cannot only be used for the
determination of either the diameter of the coins or only the
thickness thereof, but furthermore, it is possible to employ such
switch means to advantage to also determine both the diameter and
thickness of the coins. To this end, it is possible for instance,
to incline the coin channel 14 also transverse to the direction of
travel of the coins so that the coins, during their throughpassage,
bear against a predetermined side surface of such channel.
Additionally, there is then arranged probe members at the side of
the channel facing away from the side against which the coins
travel. Hence, between the coins and the probes there is thus
formed a predetermined air gap which is dependent upon the
thickness of the coins. If this spacing exceeds a predetermined
value, then the probe cannot respond, indicating that in such case
there is present a coin which is too thin. Through appropriate
arrangement of the measuring probes it is possible to have coins
which are too thick, prior to reaching the probe corresponding to
their actual diameter, to energize another measuring probe, and
therfore to simulate an incorrect diameter. It is here remarked
that through the use of suitable light sensitive components,
piezoelectrical components or electromechanical components or
similar switching feeler members, it is possible to likewise
realize the inventive concepts.
Now FIG. 7 illustrates the arrangement of a coin checking device
utilizing light barrier means for determining the diameter of the
coins as well as for determining the presence of bores or apertures
at the coins. Once again, the same reference characters have been
conveniently employed here to designate the corresponding
components of the coin chute or channel which were used during the
discussion of the arrangement of FIG. 6. Apart from the components
in this arrangement, similar to those appearing in the arrangement
of FIG. 6 as evidenced by the similar reference characters, there
is also provided a light barrier means 52 which can only be
actuated by the largest coin of the coin classification.
Furthermore, reference characters 53, 54 and 55, 56 and 57, 58
represent, by way of example, pairs of light barrier means which
can be used with particular advantage for the determination of the
diameter of the coins, because they render superfluous extensive
logical coupling. More specifically, then, each coin is associated
with a pair of light barrier means, with the exception of the
largest size coin with which there is only associated a single
light barrier means 52. The light barrier means 54, 56 and 58 of
each pair, closest to the bottom 12 of the coin chute 14, serves to
energize a current path provided for the corresponding diameter of
the coin being checked, whereas the light barrier means 53, 55 and
57 of each pair, and facing away from the bottom or base 12 of the
chute means 14, serves to remove the preparatory switched state of
each such current path.
The simplicity of this circuit arrangement will be immediately
evident if there is assumed, for the moment, the throughpassage of
a very large size coin. This coin will then initially energize the
light barrier 52, and therefore will render possible that the
subsequently arranged flip-flop or the like can undertake placing
of the current path provided for the largest coin into a
preparatory state. During further travel of this coin into the coin
chute 14, such will then also excite or energize the light barrier
means 54 and therefore also energize the subsequently arranged
flip-flop associated therewith. Shortly thereafter, however, the
light barrier means 53 will be energized which then extinguishes
the preparatory state of the flip-flop of the subsequent light
barrier means 54. The same occurs at the other pairs of light
barrier means 56, 55 and 58, 57. Hence, of all of the four current
paths which have been placed into a preparatory state, three of
them have shortly thereafter again been extinguished, and only the
original current path coupled with the light barrier means 52 has
maintained its preparatory state for the measurement result derived
from the measuring probe 16.
The exemplary embodiment of coin checking device depicted in FIG. 7
depicts the situation where the coin 15, because of its diameter,
has just energized the light barrier means 56, but has not been
able to remove this switching signal because its size is not
sufficient to switch the light barrier means 55. The conductors of
the light barrier means 52 and light barrier means 54 are not
placed into a preparatory state because these light barrier means
have not been actuated. The same considerations are therefore also
applicable with regard to the light barrier pair 58/57. Hence, the
coin 15 has thus, once again, only placed into a preparatory state
one of four pulse conductors, there thus being provided a so-called
"selective pair-circuit arrangement".
Continuing, it will be observed that a further light barrier means
is designated at reference character 59. It serves to determine the
presence of holes or bores at the coins. This light barrier means
59 is mounted at such a spacing from the base or bottom 12 of the
coin traveling channel 14 that, in all probability, both holes of
the smallest as well as the largest coins will fall into its
operating zone. It is mentioned that at this location small holes
are relatively insignificant for the outwitting of the described
coin checking device. Furthermore, it is here stated that what will
be described hereinafter with regard to a single light barrier
means can be analogously attained if there are successively coupled
two or three light barrier means in the event that a larger zone is
to be monitored. The invention likewise contemplates that the light
barrier means 59 actuates a switch which enables the evaluation of
a so-called "correct" -signal. Actuation of the switch, according
to the invention, should only then be possible if the light barrier
means 59 has received a pulse. Such actuation should be
extinguished in the event that instead of receiving one pulse, it
receives two pulses. In order to achieve this switching function,
the invention contemplates utilizing to particular advantage a
bistable multivibrator (flip-flop). The mode of operation of this
type circuitry should be apparent if it is considered that a coin
without a hole, during its throughpassage, will only block the
light of the light barrier means 59 once, therefore generating a
single pulse which, in turn, will place the flip-flop into a
definite switching state. On the other hand, a coin possessing a
hole will firstly block the light of the light barrier means 59,
yet when the hole passes the light barrier means the prior
darkening effect is removed, and during further travel of the coin
the passage of light at the light barrier means 59 is once again
blocked. As a result, there are generated two pulses functioning in
such a manner that the flip-flop is brought into its switching
state and such shortly thereafter is again extinguished. Only if
there appears a coin which is devoid of a hole will there thus be
generated a signal which is stored and later used for evaluation of
the coin, and which signal has appeared because of the presence of
the correct diameter and the correct damping measurement value of
the coin.
It should equally be apparent that upon reversing this principle of
the light barrier means 59 it is also possible to determine the
presence of holes or bores which should be present in the actual
coins. In such case, by a reversal of the switching operation in
known manner, there can be achieved that only coins of the correct
diameter and possessing a hole and having a certain damping
measurement value will be accepted as proper or correct coins,
whereas coins without any hole will be rejected as false or
improper coins.
FIG. 8 illustrates a modified version of coin checking device
incorporating a base or front plate member 60 at which there has
been machined a substantially circular-shaped recess, denoted by
the line 61. The depth of the recess 61 corresponds approximately
to the thickness of a coin. This circular-shaped recess 61 merges
at its lower region with a shaft or chute member 62 which forks
into the branched portions 63 and 64. Reference numerals 65 and 66
designate both positions which can be assumed by a directional
switch means for proper and improper coins. A coin infeed channel
67a is formed between the channel walls 67 and 68 at approximately
the same height as the circular-shaped recess 61. Reference
character 69 designates a projection which extends into the
circular-shaped recess 61, whereas reference numeral 70 denotes a
conveying disc member for coins which is equipped with a notch 71.
In the basic position of the equipment this notch 71 is situated
opposite the coin infeed channel 67a bounded by the walls 67 and
68. The depth of the notch 71, defined by the circular arcs 72 and
73, corresponds to the diameter of the smallest coin of a coin
classification or sort. The spacing between the circular arc 72 and
the peripheral portion of the circular-shaped recess 61 corresponds
to the diameter of the largest acceptable coin. It is here also
mentioned that the coin infeed channel 67a between the walls 67 and
68 is likewise cut or designed to receive such largest acceptable
coin size.
Continuing, it will be observed that there is also provided an
inverted, substantially T-shaped slide member which moves against
the force of a spring 77 between the supports 75 and 76. A
protruding arm member 78 of the slide member 74, depending upon the
position of such slide member, actuates one or the other of the
contacts 79, 80, 81 and 82 as a function of the diameter of the
coin which has moved such slide member 74.
A coin of optional diameter is placed through the coin infeed slot
67a and arrives at the zone of the notch 71. As a result of the
insertion of the coin a non-illustrated motor serves to thereafter
drive the conveying disc member 70 through one complete rotation
and then such conveying disc member 70 is again brought to rest.
Excitation of the drive motor can be undertaken by means of a
non-illustrated switch arranged at the region of the coin infeed
slot 67a. The conveying disc 70 for the coins, moving in
counter-clockwise direction, serves to forwardly advance, by means
of its edge portion 83, the inserted coin until such coin comes
into coincidence with the measuring probe 16 and generates a
signal.
Already prior to arrival of the coin at the region of the measuring
probe 16, this coin as a function of its diameter, will have
displaced the slide member 74 through a predetermined path in an
upward direction, and therefore, will have actuated one of the four
switches or contacts 79, 80, 81 and 82. Hence, in known manner it
can be insured that only a damping measurement signal will be
available for evaluation if such dampening measuring signal is in a
certain desired relationship with a predetermined coin diameter.
During further travel of the conveying disc member 70, the coin
will move away from beneath the slide member 74 and enable such to
return into its starting position. At such time as the revolving
coin conveying disc 70 has reached its lower dead-center position
of its circular path of travel, the coin within the notch 71 will
now drop into the chute 62, and by virtue of the corresponding
desired positioning of the switching lever, either into the full
line position at 65 or the phantom line position at 66, such coin
will be either collected because it is a correct coin or it will be
rejected because it is a false or improper coin. The mechanics of
actuating the directional lever 65/66 has not been explained in
greater detail hereinafter since, such does not constitute a
material aspect of the invention and furthermore any suitable
actuation mechanism capable of selectively bringing such lever into
one or the other of the illustrated positions can be readily
employed. Finally, it is mentioned here that the substantially
T-shaped slide member 77 further simultaneously ensures that the
coin will be brought into a definite position with respect to the
measuring probe 16.
FIG. 9 illustrates a modified version of coin checking equipment in
which there is provided a base or front plate 84. Here also, a
substantially circular-shaped recess, following the line indicated
by reference character 85, is provided at such base plate 84.
Circular-shaped recess 85 merges at its lower end with a channel 86
and at an inclination towards its upper end with a coin infeed
channel 87 receiving the coins which are to be checked. A disc
member 88 rotates within the circular-shaped recess 85, disc member
88 being provided with projections 89, 90 and 91 in the manner of a
caliper gauge. The corresponding stepped portions of the
projections 89, 90 and 91 are accommodated to the diameter of the
coins which are to be accepted. Moreover, at the region of the
projections 89, 90 and 91, this disc member 88 is equipped with a
tongue-like extension or projection member 92 which follows the
circular arc of such disc member.
Continuing, it will be understood that the reference character 16
designates a measuring probe arranged at the apex of the circular
path of travel of the disc member 88, whereas reference numeral 93
indicates a coin which has been inserted. Just as was the case with
the preceeding embodiment, here also a non-illustrated switch
member, arranged at the region of the infeed channel 87, causes the
disc member 88 to undertake one complete revolution through the
agency of a non-illustrated motor, and upon completion of such
revolution, this disc member is again brought to standstill. During
rotation of the disc member 88, the sliding contact 94 having an
elastic spring 95 likewise moves because it is secured to the disc
member 88. Depending upon the size of the inserted coin, such will
be eventually engaged by one of the projections 89, 90 or 91 and
moved past the measuring probe 16. The very large size coin will
reach the measuring probe 16 sooner than a very small coin. In the
embodiment of FIG. 9, the spacing of the coin 93 from the measuring
probe 16 has been indicated by the angle 96. At the same angular
spacing from the measuring probe 16, as indicated by the reference
numeral 97, and spaced from such measuring probe 16 in the
direction of rotation of the disc member 88, there are arranged a
pair of contacts 98 and 99 which can be bridged by the elastic
spring or feeler member 95 of the sliding contact arrangement
94.
After the drive motor for the revolving disc 88 has been placed
into operation, the coin 93 entrained thereby will be displaced
upwards and eventually arrive in a position where it is in
coincidence, that is to say, in overlapping position, with respect
to the measuring probe 16. As a result, measuring probe 16 delivers
a suitable signal. During the same period of time the sliding
contact arrangement 94 has moved through a similar displacement
path, and now will be located above the pair of contacts 98 and
99.
By virtue of this arrangement, it is possible to ensure that a
predetermined correct damping measurement value will only be
available from the measuring probe 16 for evaluation, if it is
delivered to the correct contact pair, in this case contact pair 98
and 99, determined to be the correct pair as a function of the
diameter of the coins and only such predetermined correct pair will
be bridged as a function of the diameter of the coin.
There will now hereinafter be considered those factors which must
be taken into account during the construction of a multiple-type
coin checking device, especially when utilizing the principle of
signal storage. The heretofore known single-type coin checking
devices could be, in principle, arranged in a row adjacent to one
another and in this manner it was possible to form a multiple-type
coin checking device. Such construction of multiple-type coin
checking device would be manifested by the features of a plurality
of coin infeed slots and a plurality of coin travelling channels
for the coins to be checked, and furthermore would likewise be
manifested by a like number of complete checking circuits for
evaluation.
However, it is a further aspect of the invention to propose an
electronic multiple-type coin checking technique in which the
expenditure of components and operational steps for the checking of
a number of coins can be drastically reduced and wherein it is
possible to undertake a much easier accommodation to certain coin
sorts or classifications.
Now in order to simplify and render less expensive the manufacturer
of such a multiple-type coin checking device it is proposed
according to the invention, first of all, insofar as concerns the
mechanical components, to provide only a single coin chute or
channel for all coins instead of, for instance, a plurality of coin
channels. It is here mentioned that the utilization of a single
coin channel for all coins does not constitute a primary aspect of
this invention since conceptually it is completely possible to also
utilize a plurality of coin chutes or channels. In such case, the
invention proposes the provision of preferably a plurality of
parallelly extending coin channels for the coins in front of a
single measuring probe, or if there is undertaken a special design
of such measuring probe arranging a plurality of such parallel
extending channels to pass between the legs of a substantially
U-shaped measuring probe or between the oppositely situated probes
of a pair of measuring probes.
The arrangement and design of a substantially U-shaped measuring
probe and a pair of measuring probes incorporating two oppositely
situated measuring probe elements is thought not yet to have become
known in the coin checking art. Although it is conceiveable to use,
as is of necessity the case if a number of complete coin checking
devices are arranged next to one another in a row, a separate coin
channel and thus for each coin its own measuring probe and its own
evaluation circuit, yet a further aspect of the invention
preferably contemplates using for all coins only a single measuring
probe and only a single evaluation circuit.
Now if this single measuring probe is intended to monitor the
common coin channel for all coins, then, as far as the measuring
operation is concerned there are no significant technological
drawbacks. Even if the coin channel is designed such that it is
possible for the thickest and largest coin of a coin class or type
to pass through such coin channel with sufficient play, then, still
all three proposed embodiments of measuring probe arrangements are
suitable for monitoring this coin channel.
According to one proposal of the invention it is possible for the
measurement operation to utilize a measuring probe which is
constructed such that at its one end face there is arranged an
oscillating circuit. This oscillating circuit, owing to the
magnetic lines of force emanating therefrom can be dampened by
coins which move past the end face of the measuring probe. Such
preferably inductively operating end-face feelers are already known
to the art for other measuring purposes. Depending upon the design
thereof, the field of the lines of force is operable over a
predetermined area in front of the end face of the measuring probe.
The measuring probe can be acceptably designed such that the field
of the lines of force of such measuring probe monitor up to three
coin channels.
Furthermore, an additional concept of the invention contemplates
that in such instance, the different coins are arranged within the
individual coin channels in accordance with the ascending or
descending gradient of their dampening capability and are then
moved past the measuring probes, all as will be explained more
fully hereinafter. Depending upon the desired measuring technique
one would proceed in different ways.
For instance, let it be assumed that three different coins produce
damping measurement values which are very close to one another.
Then, it would be possible, for instance, to move the coin having
the most pronounced damping qualities past the measuring probe at
the smallest spacing therefrom and to move the coin having the
slightest damping qualities past and in front of the measuring
probe at the largest spacing therefrom. As a result, the now
obtained three damping measurement values, which previously were
quite close to one another, are disposed at the largest range from
one another. In other words: by providing for a varying dimension
of the spacing between one side of the coin and the measuring
probe, it is possible to achieve, in conjunction with the inventive
selection of the coins, that measurement values which could be
poorly differentiated from one another because the measurement
values were too close to one another are now "spread".
According to the same concepts of the invention, it would also be
possible to proceed in a reverse fashion. Thus, it is conceivable
to have three different coins producing three different damping
measurement values which are situated relatively close to one
another. In the event that it is not desired to perform the
evaluation of these damping measurement values through the use of
three different voltage discriminators (and this embodiment also
contemplates that, if desired, it is also possible to include a
coin type-related counting signal or the like), rather if it is
desired to check only the authenticity of the coins by means of a
single threshold value switch (voltage discriminator), then, by
undertaking an appropriate displacement of the spacing of the
individual coins with respect to the end face of the measuring
probe, it is possible to achieve that the previously different
measurement values now all have the same amplitude and therefore
produce one unitary signal.
In such case, one would proceed in a reverse fashion: The coin
which has the slightest dampening characteristic would then be
moved past the measuring probe at the smallest spacing therefrom,
producing a certain signal peak. The coin with the next highest
dampening quality is then laterally displaced from the end face of
the measuring probe to such an extent until also its dampening
value corresponds to that attained by the first coin. The same
procedure is followed for the third coin having the greatest
dampening characteristic. This coin is therefore also displaced in
lateral direction from the end face of the measuring probe to such
an extent that its considerably higher damping value progressively
becomes smaller until finally it has reached exactly the value of
both of the other coins.
From what has been described and discussed above, it should be
apparent that it is possible to obtain, in each instance, a uniform
signal from coins of different dampening qualities, because the
different dampening qualities are balanced out by appropriately
variably spacing of these coins from the end face of the measuring
probe and thereby causing such dampening qualities to thus
approximate one another.
It is here also to be mentioned that, as already stated heretofore,
with the last-mentioned solution only a checking of the
authenticity of the coins can be undertaken, and it is not possible
to obtain separate signals for each type of coin, for instance for
counting them or performing some similar operation.
Therefore, according to a further concept of the invention, in such
case, if desired, there would be provided at the end of the coin
chutes, shortly after the coins have passed the coin checking
mechanism, special contacts arranged in known fashion, in order to
obtain counting signals or the like.
According to a further proposal of the invention, it is
particularly advantageous to utilize a measuring probe which
consists of two oppositely situated components. In this context,
there is also applicable the same considerations previously
described during the utilization of an end-face scanner element in
order to obtain the signal influencing characteristics by
appropriate selection of the spacing of the coins from the end face
of the probe.
Now in the case where there is used two components or elements for
the measuring probe an oscillating circuit would not be dampened,
rather there would be employed to advantage a transmitter coil
which transmits certain energy to an oppositely situated receiver
coil which is matched with respect to the transmitting coil. A coin
placed between both coils, as a function of its specific
characteristics, would then dampen a no-load or idling amplitude at
the receiver coil and thus generate a signal or value typical of
the coin.
With this inventive arrangement, the advantage is realized that the
front and rear face of the coins practically no longer partake in
the measurement operation. This can be explained in that the high
transmitter energy practically passes through the coins and the
differences of the front and rear side of the coin have only a very
slight effect. This is that much more the case the closer the
central point of both measuring coils coincides with the central
point of the throughpassing coins. However, it is a particular
advantage of this arrangement that the coincidence of the coin
center and the center of the measuring device is not an absolute
requirement for undertaking an exact measurement operation. Quite
to the contrary, just this embodiment enables the performance of a
very good and exact measurement of different size coins and also,
in this case, generates signals typical or characteristic of the
coins.
A further advantage of this inventive arrangement is realized in
that by displacing the measurement arrangement in the direction of
the floor of a coin channel or in the direction of the upper
boundary wall of a coin channel, it is possible to vary the
momentary relationship of the center of the measuring arrangement
to the center of different size coins, and thereby considerably
influence the signal magnitude. As previously explained, the
central coincidence of the measuring arrangement and the coin, is
optimal in a certain way. This is to be under-stood in that with
this arrangement, the properties or characteristics of the material
of the coin play a particularly decisive role as far as the
measurement result is concerned. Apart from such, but in a
relatively small percentage, there is measured the thickness, the
diameter and the depth of embossment of the coins.
According to a further concept of the invention, it is possible,
however, to construct such a measuring arrangement that it is
"diameter-oriented" in that it is arranged further away from the
floor of the coin channel.
With this arrangement, the measuring operation is undertaken such
that approximately the largest size coin of a coin sort or
classification reaches by means of its upper edge, during
throughpassage, at least the center of the measuring probe, whereas
the smallest and slightest dampening coin of a coin type
classification will just still influence the measuring probe. With
such inventive arrangement, the magnitude of influencing the
individual components is reversed and now the coin material and
diameter determine approximately one-half of the entire measurement
result.
By virtue of the inventive arrangement of a pair of measuring
probes, while it is not possible to obtain any exact determination
of the diameter of the coin itself, still it is possible to achieve
in a very simple and inexpensive manner a damping measurement
result, by means of which it is possible to ascertain in a not too
coarse manner the diameter of the throughpassing coins and at the
same time to at least obtain an indication of their coin-typical
characteristics.
Now, according to a further proposal contemplated by the invention,
it is possible to construct the pair of measuring probes to possess
a substantially U-shaped configuration. In that case, two rod-like
ferrite core members are connected by a third U-shaped rod member,
with a respective separate winding being provided at both legs of
the U-shaped construction. In this arrangement the one winding
provides a transmitter winding and the second winding the receiver
winding. Furthermore, with this arrangement, there are analogously
applicable the same comments advanced with respect to the
previously discussed arrangement of the circular-shaped pair of
measuring probes. However, the U-shaped construction of measuring
probe simultaneously affords both advantages which have to be
obtained with the previously described arrangement of a pair of
measuring probes possessing two different geometric arrangements
with respect to the coin channel.
Furthermore, the U-shaped construction of the measuring coil
simultaneously permits the determination of the coin-typical
material characteristics as well as the measurement of the diameter
of the coin.
The foregoing embodiments have described possibilities for
simplifying and dispensing with certain mechanical components and
as far as the measuring probes are concerned, teaches how it is
possible to fabricate an electronic coin checking device for a
number of different coin types, the expenditure of equipment of
which does not exceed that of a single-type coin checking
device.
The invention also proposes especially economically feasible and
simple solutions for the evaluation circuit to be described
hereinafter. It is here mentioned that with damping measurements of
any type, the coins bring about varying dampening of an oscillating
circuit or an idling amplitude, and that these different
coin-typical damping voltages must be filtered out of a voltage
peak by means of suitable threshold value-determining means. By way
of completeness, it is here mentioned that the principles of
operation of such a threshold value measurement for the
determination of the so-called coin-typical or coin-characteristic
signals during a damping measurement has been explained in
considerable detail in my aforementioned co-pending U.S.
application, Ser. No. 55,752, filed July 17, 1970, now U.S. Pat.
No. 3,682,286.
In order to minimize the design and expenditure for a multiple-type
coin checking device and therefore to solve the objectives of the
invention, it is proposed, first of all, according to the invention
to associate with each coin type for its typical damping value its
own threshold value measuring device and to connect the outputs of
all threshold value measuring devices and to associate same with a
common sequential circuit arrangement. As a rule, the sequential
circuit arrangement consists of a flip-flop, a timing stage, an
amplifier for the obtained signals and an electrical actuation
mechanism for a coin collecting device.
Thus, the invention proposes constructing a single-type coin
checking device and to avoid the expense of utilizing a number of
complete adjacently arranged single-type coin checking devices
during the checking of a number of coins in that, the signal
obtained by the measuring probe is amplified and delivered to a
plurality of threshold value detectors. Each such threshold value
detector is designed and adjusted to respond to a predetermined
coin, wherein furthermore the signals ascertained by the threshold
value detectors are again delivered to a common sequential circuit
arrangement.
The proposed inventive arrangement of a coin checking device for a
plurality of coins possesses the advantage that it is possible to
adjust each individual threshold value detector to a "window width"
by means of a suitable series resistor, this "window width" taking
into account the deviations of the measurement result which may
occur for a certain coin type.
However, for certain coin types it is not necessary to provide such
a critical, detailed evaluation of the threshold value which takes
into account each coin type and therefore brings about a pronounced
differentiation with respect to foreign coins.
If these preconditions are present, and therefore for all coins
which are to be checked, it is possible to accept equally great
deviations within two prescribed threshold values, then it is
possible according to a further aspect of the invention to
advantageously amplify to a different pronounced degree the
obtained damping signals and to deliver such to a common threshold
value circuit for evaluation. It must here be remembered that an
amplifier is considerably cheaper than a threshold value circuit.
When using an amplifier for a number of threshold value circuits,
the total installation is considerably more expensive than if a
number of amplifiers deliver their signals to a single threshold
value circuit.
FIG. 10 illustrates a possible manner of arranging a measuring
probe at a coin checking device of the invention. Thus, there is
here shown the base or floor 110 of a measuring device as well as
the boundary walls 114, 115, 116 and 117 for the three coin
channels 111, 112 and 113. At the wall 114 of the measuring channel
111, there is mounted a measuring probe 118. A coin 119 is located
within the channel 111, a coin 120 within the channel 112 and a
further coin 121 within the channel 113. Due to the inclination of
the coin channels 111, 112 and 113, about two axes the three coins
119, 120 and 121, due to the action of the force of gravity, bear
against the inner walls 114, 115 and 116 of the three coin channels
111, 112 and 113. Hence, at the point of time when these coins
undergo a measurement operation, they assume an exactly spaced
position from the front end of the measuring probe 118.
Now in FIGS. 11 and 12 there have been illustrated a number of
curves which, starting from a so-called no-load or idling amplitude
122, illustrate the different dampening effects of this no-load
amplitude brought about by the coins.
Now the three curves 123, 124 and 125 represented in FIG. 11
illustrate the dampening measurement result which would appear if
all three coins of FIG. 10 are conducted through the channel 111.
Since the coins 120 and 121 possess a greater dampening
characteristic or quality than the coin 119, for the same spacing
of such coins to the end face of the measuring probe 118, there
results a greater dampening value curve, the apex of which is
represented by the lines 127 and 128, respectively, in contrast to
the line 126 of the lesser dampening coin 119.
Now as will be observed by referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, by
laterally displacing the coins, it is possible to bring about the
result that their dampening qualities become less with increasing
spacing from the end face of the measuring probe 118, finally
attaining a value corresponding to that of the weakest dampening
coin. Hence, the curve typical for the coin 119 is also then
simultaneously characteristic of the curve for all three coins, and
has thus been represented in FIG. 12 by reference character 129,
with the corresponding peak value being indicated by 130. Thus, by
merely displacing the coins laterally with respect to the front end
of the measuring probe 118, it is possible, during checking the
coins for authenticity, to determine only a common threshold value
instead of three threshold values and therefore to bring about a
saving of components for the coin checking installation.
FIG. 13 illustrates a similar exemplary embodiment, but this time
for two coins, and wherein for convenience in illustration the same
reference characters have been used as were employed in FIG. 10 for
the same or analogous components.
FIGS. 14 and 15 show the curve envelopes when using the arrangement
depicted in FIG. 13. Thus, more specifically, FIg. 14 illustrates
both damping curves for the coins 119 and 120 which will appear if
both coins travel through a common coin channel wherein the coins
are located at a position from the measuring probe 118 which
approximately corresponds to the middle of both illustrated
positions of the coins 119 and 120.
Thus, the invention contemplates that the coin 119 having the
greatest dampening qualities is located closer to the end face of
the measuring probe 118 and, therefore, in contrast to the original
damping discussed above provides a considerably greater dampening,
whereas the weaker damping coin 120 is located and guided at a
point further removed from the end face of the measuring probe 118,
and, therefore, further reduces the already relatively weak
dampening effect of such coin 120.
As a result, the peak values 126 and 127 of both coins, as best
observed by referring to FIG. 15, are clearly differentiated from
one another, and, therefore, can be readily separated from one
another by the use of suitable hardware.
FIG. 16 illustrates how it is possible to influence the curve and
therefore the peak value of the measurement results derived from a
pair of measuring probes consisting of two measuring probe
elements, by undertaking a lateral spacing-displacement. Thus, more
specifically, it will be understood that reference numeral 131
designates a substantially U-shaped coin chute, whereas reference
numerals 132 and 133 represent two oppositely situated measuring
probe halves. Finally, three different coins are indicated at 134,
135 and 136.
The spacing between a transmitter coil 132 and the reference
surface (inner wall) of the coin channel is indicated by the lines
137 and 138, the spacing of the receiver means 133 from the other
side of the coin being represented by the lines 139 and 140. The
associated curve diagram of FIG. 17 indicates the idling amplitude
141 and the damping measurement curve values 142, 143 and 144 for
the coins 134, 135 and 136, respectively.
Due to the geometry of the arrangement and the dimensions of the
coins, there results an unfavorable curve shape, manifested by the
irregular spacing between the three obtained peak values, as
clearly shown in FIG. 17. This result renders more difficult the
evaluation of the measurement operation.
FIG. 18, on the other hand, indicates how the same measuring
arrangement can be constructed with different geometric
relationships and, by virtue of the spatial displacement of the
spacing between the transmitter coil and the coin surface on the
one hand, as well as the spacing between the receiver coil and the
other coin surface on the other hand, it is possible to obtain much
more favorable curve envelopes, as best indicated by referring to
FIG. 19.
The peak values thus obtained through the geometric displacement of
the aforementioned spacing relationships between the components
discussed above, now will be seen to have an approximately equal
spacing from one another, and, therefore, can be easily ascertained
by the use of appropriately designed threshold value circuit
means.
FIG. 20 illustrates how it is possible to influence the curve
envelopes, and specifically in consideration of the recognition of
the diameter of a coin, through the use of a pair of similar
measuring probes by displacing same away from the bottom of the
coin channel in the direction of the top thereof. More
specifically, then, by referring to this figure, it will be
recognized that reference numeral 146 designates the bottom or base
of a coin channel 145, the top or ceiling of which has been
represented by reference numeral 147. Within the coil channel 145
there are arranged two measuring probes 148 and 149, and in front
of each such measuring probe there are located three coins 150, 151
and 152 of different size and which, in the exemplary embodiment,
can be assumed to be fabricated from the same material. The
measuring probe 148 located at the left side of the coin channel
145 is arranged in such a fashion that its central point is equally
favorably situated with respect to the center of the smallest coin
150 and that of the largest 152.
Since, as assumed, different materials for the coins are not
present, the course of the curves 153, 154 and 155 therefore only
signify values resulting from the different coin diameters and
therefore surfaces of the coins moving past such measuring probe.
FIG. 21 indicates that these differences are only relatively
slight.
On the other hand, the measuring probe or feeler element 149
located at the right side of the coin channel 154 is arranged so
that it is "diameter-oriented", and specifically is arranged in
such a fashion that it is displaced towards the ceiling 147 of this
coin channel. With this arrangement, the smallest coin 150 tends to
just still influence the measuring probe 149 and therefore only
brings about a comparatively slight dampening of the
idling-amplitude 156. The peak value has been designated by
reference numeral 157. Both of the other remaining coins 151 and
152 bring about a considerably more pronounced dampening, because
with the diameter-oriented positioning of the measuring probe 149,
as explained above, such coins tend to enter the operable zone of
the measuring probe 149 to a much larger degree, and therefore,
tend to bring about a considerably greater dampening of the
idling-amplitude. Hence the curves indicative of the dampening
qualities 151 and 152 with the arrangement under consideration have
their peak values indicated at 158 and 159, respectively, as thus
shown by referring to the graph of FIG. 22.
It is here further indicated that in the arrangement of FIG. 21,
there have been used coins formed of the same type of metal, and
accordingly the slight differences of the curves appearing in FIG.
21 is only attributable to the influencing characteristics of the
coin diameters. Completely different, and extremely pronounced
curve shapes will occur if coins of the same or different diameter,
yet formed of different materials, are checked. The curves of
markedly different envelope shape which would result in that
situation would correspond approximately to the curves depicted in
FIG. 22. It is for this reason that the arrangement of the
measuring probe 148 in this example can be designated as
"metal-oriented".
It should be apparent that a pair of measuring locations designed
in accordance with the aforementioned teachings of the invention,
and wherein one measuring location is arranged so as to be
metal-oriented and the second measuring location arranged so as to
be diameter-oriented, can be used to particular advantage for the
determination of the authenticity or genuineness of coins, as such
will be described more specifically in the hereinafter to be
considered block circuit diagrams.
Turning now to FIG. 23, there is illustrated in cross-section a
coin channel 161 employing a substantially U-shaped probe or
scanning mechanism. The plastic portion of this coin channel 161
has been designated at 160, and the coin disposed within this coin
channel 161 has been indicated by reference numeral 162. A
connection element 163 serves to interconnect both leg portions 164
and 165 of the bifurcated measuring probe which is equipped with
the windings 166 and 167, respectively.
FIG. 24 illustrates a block circuit diagram of a multiple-type-coin
checking device which in principle has been constructed in
accordance with the teachings of my aforementioned co-pending
United States Patent Application, to which reference may be readily
had. Still, for the purpose of elucidating the more significant
aspects of the invention specific details of the coin checking
device circuitry illustrated in such block circuit diagram will now
be considered. It is to be understood, firstly, that a coin 203 is
placed between a transmitter coil 201 and a receiver coil 202. This
coin 203 dampens a starting amplitude at the receiver coil, thereby
generating a signal having a predetermined threshold value. This
signal is amplified in the subsequently arranged amplifier 204 and
is simultaneously delivered to three voltage discriminators 251,
252 and 253. Each of these voltage discriminators 251, 252 and 253
is set to a predetermined "window width" and therefore interrogates
a predetermined voltage value which corresponds to the reference
voltage value of the coin 203 which is to be checked with the
inventive equipment. The outputs of the three voltage
discriminators 251, 252 and 253 are electrically coupled together
and connected, as shown, with a common flip-flop 206. In accordance
with the mode of operation of the voltage discrinimator as
described in my aforementioned United States Patent Application,
such generates a series of pulses which can consist of one or two
pulses and, accordingly, such series of pulses causes the flip-flop
206 to be brought into its switching state or thereafter brought
back again into its starting condition and indeed immediately.
During the throughpassage of an optional coin the three voltage
discriminators 251, 252 and 253, provided that they are even
excited by the damping value of the coins, deliver an appropriate
series of pulses and actuate the flip-flop 206. With this
arrangement it is assumed that the so-called "window widths" and
the double-voltage thresholds which narrow such "window" and
designed in such a way that the pulses do not tend to overlap and
therefore result in an improper functioning of the flip-flop 206.
As soon as the flip-flop 206 has been placed into its switched
state, then a signal appears at the AND-gate 208. But, this signal
can only be effective if, via the conductor 281, the evaluation of
the signal is released and the subsequently connected sequence
circuit 209 is energized. In order to preserve clarity in
illustration there has been omitted the switching elements which
cooperate with the starting or trigger conductor 281, but reference
may be made to my aforementioned United States Application for
further details. Similarly, there has been omitted any description
of the different types of coin collecting circuit arrangements
which, however, have been described in considerable detail in the
just mentioned United States Application. Finally, in this
embodiment as well as in all of the subsequent embodiments, it was
not felt necessary for the understanding of the inventive concepts
to describe the mechanism for resetting the flip-flop 206 and any
eventually further required flip-flops. Once again, such has been
described in the United States Application mentioned above, and to
which reference may be readily had in the event further
clarification of such operation is considered useful.
Now the block circuit diagram of FIG. 24, should make it apparent
that the same expenditure of components necessary for the
construction of a single type coin checking device is here only
enlarged through the use of two additional threshold value
switches. Consequently, it is possible to achieve in this manner
the desired objective of effectively providing an inexpensive
circuit design for a multiple type-coin checking device. Previously
it was mentioned that a certain spacing must exist between the
voltage thresholds in order to prevent overlapping of the series of
pulses (zero or one or two pulses) at the common subsequently
arranged flip-flop 206, which pulse series is delivered from the
voltage discriminators 251, 252 and 253. It is for this reason that
the block circuit diagram of FIG. 24 is not universally applicable
for all situations, and therefore instead of using same it is
advantageous, according to a further concept of the invention, to
provide after each voltage discriminator a respective individual
flip-flop. Such an arrangement has been illustrated in FIG. 25.
Because of the similarity of a vast number of components in the
circuit diagram of FIG. 25 with those of the circuit diagram of
FIG. 24 the same reference numerals have been used for like or
analogous components. However, instead of providing, as was the
case in the arrangement of FIG. 24, a common flip-flop 206, here
there are provided the flip-flops 261, 262 and 263 which are
electrically coupled after the three associated voltage
discriminators 251, 252, and 253, respectively. In this way, it is
possible to positively prevent overlapping of the series of pulses.
Depending upon the degree of dampening, each of the three
flip-flops 261, 262 and 263 alternately assume a switching state
and again their rest state. The outputs of the flip-flops 261, 262
and 263 are separately connected with an OR-gate 207, so that also
two flip-flops which have simultaneously assumed their switching
state do not interfere with one another. The output of the OR-gate
207 is connected with an AND-gate 208, which, once again is
likewise controlled by an external circuit through the agency of
the conductor 281. At this period of time, the measurement itself
will have already been completed and, therefore, at this period of
time it is only possible for one of the three flip-flops to have
assumed its switching state and delivered via the OR-gate 207 a
signal to the AND-gate 208. The inventive circuitry under
consideration ensures that when using a plurality of voltage
discriminators there can be prevented, even in the most unfavorable
situations, overlapping of the pulses and therefore it is not
possible for any erroneous results to occur. As far as the actual
measurement operation and the description of the remaining
components of the circuitry of FIG. 25 such is analogous to what
was previously explained and shown with regard to the circuitry of
FIG. 24.
With the circuit design of FIG. 25, it was assumed that the
dampening capability of the three coins to be measured was within a
relatively narrow range and could be applied by means of a single
amplifier to the three voltage discriminators. Yet, this assumption
is not valid in all situations. For instance, it is possible that
three coins which are to be checked generate quite different signal
peaks, and that the smallest signal peak, corresponding to the
strongest damping, must be amplified considerably greater than the
others, in order to even be able to obtain voltages capable of
being evaluated. This situation has been reckoned with by virtue of
the block circuit diagram depicted in FIG. 26 and now to be
described.
Here, instead of using a common amplifier for the signals delivered
by the measuring coil 202, the circuitry of FIG. 26 utilizes three
separate amplifiers 241, 242 and 243. Electrically coupled with
each such amplifier is an individual voltage discriminator 251, 252
and 253 and an individual flip-flop 261, 262, 263. Further,
evaluation of the signals initially occurs by means of an OR-gate
207 and an AND-gate 208 having a starting conductor 281, as
previously explained, the OR-gate 207 and the AND-gate 208 being
electrically connected in front of the common sequence-circuit
209.
FIG. 27 is a block circuit diagram of a modified form of the
invention in which, first of all, there is dispensed with the use
of a plurality of voltage discriminators, and furthermore wherein a
evaluation circuit for three different coins is designed using only
one voltage discriminator.
As already previously mentioned the cost of manufacturing a voltage
discriminator including its external circuitry is many times the
price of an amplifier. Even a complete measuring probe consisting
of transmitter and receiver in addition to an amplifier is not as
expensive as a voltage discriminator. Thus, it should be readily
apparent that a circuit such as shown in FIG. 27 is particularly
interesting for reasons of economy in manufacture. However, it
should be understood that the circuit arrangement of FIG. 27 is not
useful for all situations. This is so because of two reasons: first
of all, this circuit design requires that for all three types of
coins which are to be checked there must be present the same window
width. Hence, for coin types which do not appreciably differentiate
themselves from foreign coins and counterfeit coins, it is not
possible to use the block circuit diagram of FIG. 27. Even if for
all of the coins to be checked there can be assumed a similar
window width, then still the illustrated circuitry can only be used
if it is intended to merely check the authenticity of the coins,
yet can not be used for the simultaneous reception of signals for
counting the individual coin types or the like. In such case, it
would be necessary to mount in known manner behind the actual
checking circuitry contacts within the coin channel which are
actuated by the coins as a function of their dimensions and which,
then, in addition to the installed checking circuitry, serves to
deliver counting pulses or the like.
Once again in the block circuit diagram of FIG. 27 there have been
used the same reference characters as in the preceeding circuit
diagrams for the same or analogous components. In this arrangement
there have been illustrated a total of three pairs of measuring
probes 211/221,212/222 and 213/223, between which probe pairs there
are located the coins 231,232 and 233 respectively. Electrically
coupled after each pair of measuring probes is a respective
individual amplifier 241,242 and 243 as shown. The output of all
amplifiers 241,242 and 243 are electrically coupled with a common
threshold value-discriminator 205. A flip-flop 206 is connected
after the threshold value-discriminator 205. Flip-flop 206 is
interrogated by means of the starting conductor 281 via an AND-gate
208 and the common sequence-circuit 209 is operated in the manner
already described.
Overlapping of the input pulses or voltage peaks before the
threshold value discriminator 205 is prevented, by virtue of the
exemplary embodiment of circuitry, in that the pairs of measuring
probes are always mounted so as to be spatially separated from one
another. Hence, there is thus insured that the pulses arriving via
the amplifiers 241,242 and 243 at the threshold value discriminator
205 appear in time-spaced relationship after one another.
Accordingly overlapping of the pulses is therefore rendered
impossible.
FIG. 28 illustrates a circuit diagram which is an extension of this
inventive concept. It will not always be possible, especially when
using eight, 10 or even more coins, to provide an individual pair
of measuring probes for each coin. It will be necessary, as a
general rule, to limit the number of pairs of measuring probes to a
maximum of three for reasons of practicality and technical
design.
Hence, according to a further aspect of the invention the diameter
measurements and the damping measurements are coupled with one
another and, in this manner, not only limit the technological
expenditure, but also considerably increase the accuracy of the
system.
Now in the circuit arrangement of FIG. 28 there is initially
undertaken a diameter-oriented evaluation by means of the pair of
measuring coils 201/202, which delivers a measurement signal to the
amplifier 204. The amplified signal is, in turn, delivered to three
voltage discriminators 251, 252 and 253, the outputs of which are
coupled with the subsequently connected flip-flops 261, 262 and
263, as shown. The voltage discriminators 251, 252 and 253 and the
successively arranged flip-flops 261, 262 and 263 primarily serve
to determine certain diameters or diameter groups. A second pair of
measuring probes 211/221 likewise delivers a signal which is
branched-off to the three AND-gates 301, 302 and 303. The AND-gates
301, 302, 303 operate amplifiers 241, 242 and 243, respectively. It
is only possible to use one of these three amplifiers 241, 242 and
243, depending upon the results of the preceeding diameter
measurements. The amplification gain of the three amplifiers 241,
242 and 243 are adjusted such that for the three coins checked by
way of this embodiment, they always generate the same peak value.
It is for this reason that their outputs can be electrically
coupled with one another and delivered to a common voltage
discriminator 205 possessing the further components considered
heretofore in conjunction with the other circuit diagrams and
designated by similar reference numerals. The mode of operation of
the block circuit diagram under consideration will be more fully
explained now in connection with an example.
The coin 203 possesses a specific diameter which, accordingly, with
the diameter-oriented arrangement of the pair of measuring probes
201/202 will result in a specific diameter-damping value.
Consequently, the voltage discriminator 252 will deliver via the
flip-flop 262 a signal which, in turn, fulfills the AND-conditions
at the AND-gate 302. The voltage discriminators 251 and 253 are
either not energized at all or energized in such a manner that they
have delivered two pulses. Thus, the flip-flops 261 and 263 do not
deliver any signals to the AND-gates 301, 303, respectively. The
coin will then pass the second measuring location and will excite
the pair of measuring probes 211/221. The signal emanating from the
receiver 221 is delivered to all three AND-gates 301, 302 and 303.
The complete AND-conditions are only fulfilled at the AND-gate 302,
and therefore only the amplifier 242 can amplify the received
signal and deliver such to the threshold value discriminator 205.
If such is the case then the diameter and damping value are in the
expected relationship to one another. It is to be expected that the
coin which has been properly checked by this circuitry is all
probability was a true or correct coin.
As previously already explained, it is possible when utilizing a
simple measuring technique without resorting to a diameter checking
operation to simulate a "correct" result of the threshold value
measurement through the use of smaller or larger coins formed of
different metals which then coincidently generate the same damping
value which is assumed to be a correct one. Such would not be
possible with the inventive circuitry of FIG. 28. A smaller coin
formed of a material having a more pronounced damping effect, which
upon passing the measuring location 211/221 would have possessed
the correct damping value, by virtue of the diameter-preselection
via the AND-gate 301, therefore would be delivered to the amplifier
241. Yet, according to the invention this amplifier 241 would be
designed to possess a considerably larger amplification factor and,
thus the voltage discriminator 205 would not have delivered thereto
the reference-voltage, rather a considerably higher voltage would
be delivered. Thus, with this inventive combined measurement of the
diameter and the damping value, and not withstanding the presence
of a "correct" damping value, it would still be impossible to fool
the coil checking device.
FIG. 29 further shows a simplification of the circuitry of FIG. 28.
Here again the reference numerals generally correspond to those
employed in FIG. 28 for the same or analogous components.
Furthermore, what was previously stated with regard to the
diameter-measurement undertaken by the pair of measuring probes
201/202 is equally applicable for this circuit arrangement.
In contrast to the previously discussed circuit arrangement of FIG.
28, here with the circuitry of FIG. 29 the receiver coil 221 of the
pair of measuring probes 211/221 delivers the signal to an
amplifier 240 which then amplifies such signal to the same degree
irrespective from which coin it emanates. This considerably
amplified signal is then conducted via one of the three AND-gates
301, 302 and 303. The AND-gates are in a preparatory state, as
already heretofore explained. Arranged after the AND-gates 301, 302
and 303 are the resistances 341, 342 and 343 which reduce the
amplified signals in each instance by a certain predetermined value
and bring such signals to a uniform level. The attenuated signals
are delivered via a common conductor or line to a threshold value
discriminator 205.
The mode of operation and the possibilities of use of this circuit
arrangement corresponds to the previously described circuit
arrangement of FIG. 28. However, the circuit design of FIG. 29
affords a still further reduction in manufacturing costs. Instead
of using three amplifiers there is now only used a single amplifier
and both of the amplifiers which have been omitted have been
replaced by the three resistance-combinations 341, 342 and 343.
Such amount to only a fraction of the costs which would be
necessary for two amplifiers.
FIG. 29 therefore simultaneously illustrates the most complete and
inexpensive embodiment of circuitry designed in accordance with the
heretofore explained inventive concepts.
While there is shown and described present preferred embodiments of
the invention, it is to be distinctly understood that the invention
is not limited thereto but may be otherwise variously embodied and
practiced within the scope of the following claims.
* * * * *