U.S. patent number 3,738,381 [Application Number 05/098,566] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-12 for inverted fluid collection receptacle.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Medical Development Corporation. Invention is credited to LeGrand K. Holbrook.
United States Patent |
3,738,381 |
Holbrook |
June 12, 1973 |
INVERTED FLUID COLLECTION RECEPTACLE
Abstract
Reduced gaseous pressure operated, liquid receptacle structure
having an enclosure member and a bottom cover. The latter is
provided with an interior sealing protuberance which seals against
the inner wall of the enclosure member, such seal being increased
upon the application of reduced pressure of the interior of the
structure. A one-piece, fixed differential valve device is disposed
in a vacuum port of the enclosure member to permit the passage of
air therethrough, but not the passage of liquids such as blood. The
port containing the valve device is tapered or otherwise configured
such that the valve will not be drawn toward the reduced pressure
source. The enclosure member is constructed to have ports at its
base or top such that pin means and corresponding guide apertures
in the mold structure forming the enclosure may be accommodated, so
as to preserve uniform wall thickness in the enclosure member
during the formation thereof.
Inventors: |
Holbrook; LeGrand K. (Salt Lake
City, UT) |
Assignee: |
Medical Development Corporation
(Salt Lake City, UT)
|
Family
ID: |
22269870 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/098,566 |
Filed: |
December 16, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
137/199;
137/205 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61J
1/00 (20130101); B29C 45/36 (20130101); A61M
1/78 (20210501); B65D 25/00 (20130101); A61M
1/0001 (20130101); Y10T 137/3109 (20150401); Y10T
137/309 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
B29C
45/36 (20060101); A61J 1/00 (20060101); A61M
1/00 (20060101); B65D 25/00 (20060101); F16k
045/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;137/205,197,199
;220/6A,42C ;141/59 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Cohan; Alan
Claims
I claim:
1. Reduced-air-pressure operated liquid receptacle structure,
including, in combination, a liquid receiving enclosure structure
provided with a liquid receiving port and an elongate vacuum port,
and differential valve means comprising a plastic, longitudinally
perforate, elongate plug disposed within said vacuum port for
preventing the passage of liquid therethrough but for allowing air
to be evacuated from within said enclosure to pass therethrough,
and wherein said vacuum port frictionally retentively engages said
plug and is tapered outwardly, the outwardly tapered condition of
said port preventing the movement of said plug toward an external
vacuum producing source to be connected to said vacuum port.
Description
The present invention relates to vacuum-operated receptacles, for
drawing into the enclosure formed thereby, liquid such as blood or
body fluid from a hospital patient, by way of example. More
particularly, the present invention provides a new and useful
enclosure structure wherein uniformity of wall thickness is assured
during fabrication of such structure, differential valve means is
provided to permit the passage of air through the structure's
vacuum port but prevents the passage of liquid therethrough, and
wherein optimum sealing is assured relative to the enclosure member
of the structure and its cover.
The present invention solves a number of problems in connection
with cup configured containers, in general, and objects known as
"vacuum bottles" for hospital use, in particular. A first
consideration, of course, in connection with any vacuum operated
device, is to preserve uniformity of wall thickness in the device.
This avoids chances of collapse or breakage of the containers at
weakened wall areas where non-uniformity in wall thickness exists.
As a general rule, for currently produced, cup-configured devices
the male or positive mold used in fabricating the device frequently
becomes off-center or askew relative to the female or negative
mold. Conventional cup-configured objects do not have holes in
their bottoms or bases. The present invention reverses this general
approach by in fact providing ports in the base, termed the "top"
in the specification hereinafter, of such a container device. The
ports are preferably made elongate so as to project on opposite
sides of the base or top formation. Such port inclusion permits the
pins forming the interior wall of the ports to serve also as guide
pines for cooperable guide apertures disposed in the female or
negative mold used in fabricating the device. In this way,
continuous centerline positioning of the male mold relative to the
female mold is assured by virtue of the pins and cooperating guide
apertures associated proximate the port area of the container. This
avoids the difficulty of the male mold being misaligned, either
initially or through the use, off-center or askew relative to the
central axis of the negative mold employed in fabricating the
device.
A second difficulty in connection with previously engineered vacuum
operated devices in a simple way of preventing liquid entering the
container from proceeding directly to the pressure reducing
equipment, i.e. the vacuum pump, when the container fills or
becomes nearly filled. In the present invention a differential
valve device is provided, in the nature of a perforate plug, which
admits the passage of air but prevents blood or other liquids or
anticipated viscosity from passing therethrough.
As to another difficulty solved by the invention, prior devices
have utilized a container covered by a top. The user must rely
constantly upon the effective vacuum seal created between the top
and the upper lip of the container. In the present invention the
structure is inverted, wherein the "top" is now the base of the
structure, thus requiring a vacuum seal only for that portion of
time required to introduce drawn liquid into the container (to drop
downwardly onto the cover area).
Regardless of where the sealing member is located, however, the
same in the present invention is shown to include an interior,
annular, sealing protuberance which normally assumes a draft angle,
in part, relative to the interior wall of the container; when a
vacuum is applied, the protuberance is completely disposed against
the inner wall to seal the same, so as to increase the effective
seal of the cover relative to the enclosure member.
Accordingly, a principal object of the present invention is to
provide a new and improved, liquid fillable container.
An additional object is to provide a new and improved vacuum
operated enclosure structure.
An additional object is to provide a vacuum operated enclosure
structure having an enclosure member and cover cooperably sealed
together in an effective manner.
An additional object is to provide a vacuum operated enclosure
structure having an inverted, cup-configured enclosure member
provided with a bottom cover adequately sealed thereto.
An additional object is to provide enclosure structure having an
inverted, cup-configured enclosure member provided with plural
ports, liquid and vacuum, upstanding from the "top" of the
enclosure member.
A further object is to provide a vacuum operated enclosure
structure having a vacuum port having a differential valve device
which will be a one-piece fixed unit, mounted and constructed in
such a way that only gaseous substances such as air will pass
therethrough, but that liquids to be deposited in such container
will not pass the valve.
A further object is to provide a vacuum operated enclosure member
which is fabricated in a manner to insure uniformity in wall
thickness thereof, this by guide pins passing through the base of
the enclosure structure during fabrication thereof.
The features of the present invention which are believed to be
novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims.
The present invention, both as to its organization and manner of
operation, together with further object and advantages thereof, may
best be understood by reference to the following description, taken
in connection with the accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 in a perspective view of an enclosure member constructed in
accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section taken along the
line 2--2 in FIG. 1, illustrating the deposition of a valve device
within the vacuum port of the enclosure structure.
FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-section taken along the line 3--3 in
FIG. 2.
FIG. 4A is an enlarged framentary vertical section of a portion of
the enclosure structure of FIG. 1, illustrating the cooperation of
the bottom cover with the lip of the enclosure member of the
structure before a reduced pressure condition is caused to exist
within the enclosure.
FIG. 4B illustrates the structure of FIG. 4A once a reduced
pressure condition is produced within the enclosure member of the
invention.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal, vertical section of molding structure
which can be used in forming the enclosure member of the container
structure of the invention.
In FIG. 1 the receptacle device 10 of the present invention is
shown to include an enclosure member 11 having side wall 12 and a
top 13 integral therewith. The latter is provided with a series of
ports, identified as vacuum port 14, fluid inlet port 15, and a
tandem connection port 16. These ports are parallel to each other
and to the longitudinal axis x of the enclosure member. Port 16 may
be capped by a cap 17 when not in use. Provision of the tandem
connection port 16 is to accommodate external valving or external
tandem connections when plural ones of the receptacles 10 are to be
connected together in tandem to and between a vacuum-or reduced
air-pressure producing source, i.e. a vacuum pump, and a source of
fluid supply.
The enclosure member 11 is also shown in FIG. 4A to include a lip
18 defining an open base E and being provided with an outwardly
extending annular bead F. The lip 18 cooperates with an interior
receiving groove 19 associated with the liquid sealing bottom cover
20.
Bottom cover 20 is shown to include a bottom portion 21 which is
preferably slightly concave in its nominal configuration. A rim
portion 22 is contiguous with bottom portion 21 in the manner
illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
Integrally formed with bottom portion 21 of bottom cover 20 is an
interiorly protruding, annularly disposed sealing portion 23. The
same has an outside, preferably conically formed surface 24 of
which portion H is a sloped continuation, in the manner shown by
the dotted line, before the bottom cover 20 is snapped onto the lip
of enclosure member 11. Enclosure member 11 is composed of harder
material, e.g. acrylic polystyrene "SAN", than the medium density
polyethylene preferably comprising bottom cover 20. Thus, when the
bottom cover 20 is snapped onto enclosure member 11, portion H' of
sealing portion 23 will be compressed inwardly such that there will
exist a compression sealing juncture J, existing even before a
vacuum is applied. Once a reduced pressure condition is produced
within the enclosure, then upper portion K of sealing portion 23
will also be disposed against the inner side wall surface 25. See
FIG. 4B.
In sum, when the bottom cover 20 is snapped onto the lip of the
enclosure member 11, a seal will exist from point B1 to B2. When a
vacuum is applied, the bottom cover 20 will tend to become drawn
inwardly relative to the enclosure member, in a manner indicated in
FIG. 4B, so that the upper portion at K of sealing surface 24 will
also engage the inner wall 25 of enclosure member 11, to point C.
When, because of the applied vacuum, liquid enters via port 15, by
way of example, the liquid will fall onto the bottom cover 20 so
that there will be a slight tendency of the bottom cover to return
downwardly to re-open the angle A. However, the common juncture
seal from J to point B1 will continue.
There shall next be considered the inclusion of a differential
valve device 26 in those ports, such as vacuum port 14, which are
to be utilized as vacuum ports, that is, to be connected to a
reduced gaseous pressure source such as a vacuum pump. In the
embodiment shown the device 26 is simply a perforate plug,
cylindrical in form, see FIG. 3, and is pressed into the interior
26 of the lower extension 28 of vacuum port 14.
The device takes the form of a styrofoam plug which is perforated
by a series of small holes 27'. Where the fluid to be introduced in
the container device 10 is blood or blood containing body fluids,
then the holes 27 should be of such a size that they will fit or
can be produced by, say, a 20 gauge needle. A series of closely
spaced needles may be easily used in a die to punch simultaneously
the holes 27' in the plug or valve device.
Of importance in FIG. 2 is the fact that the interior 27A of the
vacuum port 14 is tapered. This is for a first purpose of providing
a constriction for the valve device or plug 26 such that the same
will not proceed into, let alone out of, the vacuum port 14 toward
the vacuum producing source. Additionally, the tapered interior 27A
provides for uniform wall thickness at D and a tapered exterior at
28, which exterior can accommodate either an elastomeric vacuum
conduit tube 29 or some other conduit device provided with a Leur
fitting.
As to the construction shown in FIG. 2, it will be observed that
when a vacuum is applied as by conduit 29, fluid to be drawn into
enclosure member 11 will proceed through the fluid inlet port 15
and into the enclosure G as defined by enclosure member 11 and the
liquid sealing bottom cover 20. Parenthetically, it is to be
observed that the bottom cover 20, preferably made of a medium
density polyethylene, will be sufficient to produce quite an
effective vacuum seal at the juncture 19, and most certainly will
be effective for fluid once the same is contained therewithin. The
strength of the bottom cover should be such that the weight of the
fluid will not tend to depress significantly the configuration of
bottom cover 20 from that condition shown in FIG. 4B.
FIG. 5 indicates a method of fabrication of enclosure member 11,
whereby to insure that the wall thickness at 30 of enclosure member
11 is preserved. One prior method of making cup-configured
enclosures is simply to provide positive and negative molds, with a
positive mold being disposed within the negative mold to form the
space defining the cup-configuration. Normally, such misalignments
as may occur between the positive and negative molds are not
objectionable since uniformity of wall thickness is not critical.
In the case of vacuum operated containers, however, it is essential
in order to preserve the configuration against collapse of a
portion of the wall, due to non-uniformity of wall thickness, that
the positive and negative molds be maintained strictly on
centerline during the injection molding process associated with
fabrication of the container.
It is noted that all of the design features of the enclosure member
11 in combination with bottom cover 20 co-act together to great
advantage. FIG. 5 illustrates that positive and negative molds 31
and 32 are respectively provided with mold members 33 and 34. These
are suitably configured, as shown in FIG. 5, to form the enclosure
member as well as the ports. Note that since the ports, e. g. 14
and 16, are included the same can be formed by pins 35 and 36. But
these are also used as guide pins which proceed into corresponding
guide apertures 37 and 38, respectively; hence, the cooperation of
the pins and guide apertures 35-38 assure that the positive mold 31
will be maintained on centerline with respect to the negative mold
32, thereby insuring the uniformity of wall thickness 30 relative
to enclosure member 11. Accordingly, there is assured the condition
of uniformity of wall thickness so that a chancing of collapse of
the container at any weakened area, weakened because of an
inadvertently produced reduced wall thickness, is avoided.
The bottom cover 20, in being disposed at the bottom rather than at
the top of the container, insures that a vacuum seal need be
produced only for a limited time, that is, for the time required to
introduce fluid into the container. Once liquid is at the bottom of
the container, then a vacuum seal, strictly speaking, is not
required. However, it must be noted that an extremely effective
seal for all fluids is produced by virtue of the interconnection
between bottom cover 20 and enclosure member 11. Especially is this
true in the case of the provision of annular protrusion 23 which
acts as an effective seal against the interior wall of enclosure
member 11, when a vacuum is applied, so as to draw upwardly the
central portion of bottom portion 21 relative to the remainder of
the closure structure. The ports 14-16, in being provided the top
(or base portion) 13, serve ideally not only as conduit connections
but also to accommodate pins 35 and 36, which pins assure
uniformity in wall thickness relative to wall 30 of the enclosure
member 11. Liquid plastic feed stock, of course, will be introduced
via feed conduit 39 which is connected by threads or otherwise at
40 to the negative mold 32.
Accordingly, it is seen that the present invention has provided
vacuum operable liquid enclosure structure which is ideally suited
for the collection of liquids such as a patient's body fluid in a
hospital. Special note is to be made that the differential valve
device 26 is simply fixed, involves no moving parts, and serves as
a block to liquid such as blood, whereas the small holes 27' in
FIG. 3 permit the interior of the container or enclosure member 11
to be evacuated as before described.
As to enclosure-lid seal, it is seen that the seal is maximized
when a vacuum seal is needed, that is, when the reduced pressure is
initially applied to facilitate the drawing up of fluid for
disposition within the container. Once the fluid or liquid drops
into the container so as to cover the bottom, then so great a seal
need not be continued. Hence, it is permissible for the weight of
the liquid to restore to some degree the configuration of the
bottom cover 20.
Should the receptacle construction be inverted, such that the ports
are a part of the cover 20, then "bottom portion" 21 will simply be
considered a central portion of the cover 20.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been
shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art
that changes and modifications may be made without departing from
this invention in its broader aspects, and, therefore, the aim in
the appended claims is to cover all such changes and modifications
as fall within the true spirit and scope of this invention.
* * * * *