U.S. patent number 3,738,374 [Application Number 05/016,964] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-12 for cigar or cigarette having substitute filler.
This patent grant is currently assigned to B.R. Laboratory. Invention is credited to Harry Bennett.
United States Patent |
3,738,374 |
Bennett |
June 12, 1973 |
CIGAR OR CIGARETTE HAVING SUBSTITUTE FILLER
Abstract
This invention pertains to the production of cigars or
cigarettes which have a tobacco substitute filler and a wrapper and
which on burning produce vapors and condensates free from nicotine,
and which have only a minute amount of tars. The tobacco substitute
is made from carbon or graphite fibers, mat or cloth associated
with an oxidizing agent. Other agents are added as needed or
desired to improve texture or form, to give an improved burn, or to
make the product more salable or economical to manufacture. The
wrapper includes an impregnation of an ashing ingredient.
Inventors: |
Bennett; Harry (Miami Beach,
FL) |
Assignee: |
B.R. Laboratory (Miami Beach,
FL)
|
Family
ID: |
21779973 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/016,964 |
Filed: |
March 5, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
131/359 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A24B
15/165 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A24B
15/16 (20060101); A24B 15/00 (20060101); A24b
015/00 (); A24d 001/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;131/2,9,10,10.18,266,267,17,15 ;252/444 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Rein; Melvin D.
Claims
I claim:
1. A slow and even burning tobacco substitute smoking article
characterized by a low tar condensate on burning, said substitute
consisting essentially of extruded carbon fibers having an
impregnation of a small quantity of an oxidizing agent selected
from the group consisting of inorganic peroxides, nitrates or
chlorates, a plasticizer, and a wrapper having an impregnated
ashing agent.
Description
This invention relates to a tobacco substitute. More particularly,
this invention pertains to the production of a substitute for
tobacco in cigars, cigarettes, or as smoking tobacco which on
burning produces vapors and condensates free from nicotine, and
which have only a minute amount of tars. The tobacco substitute of
this invention is believed to be relatively safe and non-toxic.
According to my invention, a tobacco substitute is made from carbon
or graphite fibers, mat or cloth associated with an oxidizing
agent. Other ingredients may be added, as desired, to improve the
texture, give an improved burn, or to make the product more
economical to manufacture. A filter tip may be added to absorb tars
and gases, or to improve the flavor or taste of the product.
In order to make a cigarette substitute the product of this
invention is made as a filler of the fiber which is wrapped in a
sheet of the same material.
The filler is made by adding a solution of an oxidizing agent to
carbon or graphite fibers, mat or cloth. The carbonaceous material
is a commercial material which comes in several grades and several
forms, such as fibers, a mat which is composed of many intertwined
or tangled strands, or fibers woven into cloth.
The oxidizing agent is preferably an inorganic salt of an oxidizing
acid, or a metal peroxide. Examples of suitable oxidizing agents
are the alkali metal nitrates, especially potassium and sodium
nitrates; the alkali metal chlorates such as sodium or potassium
chlorate, or the alkaline earth metal peroxides, especially calcium
or barium peroxide. Potassium nitrate is especially preferred.
The carbonaceous material is mixed with the oxidizing agent which
is added preferably in the form of an aqueous solution in a
concentration of about 10 percent. A plasticizer such as a
polyglycol may be added to provide the desired consistency. For
this purpose polyethylene glycol of molecular weight in the range
of about 1,450 is especially suitable. Other water dispersible,
viscous or unctuous polyethylene glycols may be used.
To lower the cost, or to obtain more controlled burning of the
cigarette, non-combustible materials may be used to replace part of
the carbon. Suitable non-combustible materials are rock wool, steel
wool, polyester flock, kaowool, ceramic fibers or asbestos fibers
or mat. These may be obtained commercially in either short or long
fibers and in various grades.
The carbonaceous material is mixed with the oxidizing agent, and
with a plasticizer, as needed, to give a uniform dispersion, which
may be extruded into flat filaments that are dried and cut to size.
Another method is to form the material into sheets on a paper
making machine, and then dry and cut to size.
The product from the paper making machine may be used both for the
filler and the wrapper. The wrapper can be made white by coating it
with a material such as the following:
sodium silicate 1 part by weight
titanium dioxide 1 part by weight
water 10 parts by weight
A colored wrapper is made by adding a suitable coloring agent or
dye to the above mixture.
The wrapper is treated with a 10 percent solution of sodium or
potassium silicate containing 10 percent of that amount of
propylene glycol. The purpose of the plastic is to form an ash on
burning.
A filter can be attached to one end of the cigarette, as is well
known in the art. The portion of the filter which is adjacent to
the cigarette can be filled with activated carbon to absorb tars
and gases. Hemoglobin or other carbon monoxide absorbing material
can also be added. A quantity of about 1 to 5 percent by weight is
usually sufficient.
The filter may also contain a means for oxidizing carbon monoxide
to carbon dioxide. For this purpose copper oxide, manganese dioxide
or a mixture of the two can be used. These are added in an amount
of about 1 percent to 5 percent of the weight of the adsorbent.
The mouth-end of the filter can have a coating containing a flavor
or fragrance material such as coffee essence, licorice, menthol or
saccharine. Suitably this coating is covered with an outer layer of
starch, talc or microcrystalline cellulose, perforated waxpaper or
cork paper. Alternatively, all materials may comprise one
coating.
The product will burn at a slow and even rate which can be
controlled by the amount of the oxidizing agent added and/or any of
the above-mentioned inorganic non-combustibles. Smoking of the
substitute cigar or cigarette of this invention will give
psychological satisfaction without nicotine and thus help the user
to stop the habit. If a stimulant effect is desired, 0.1 percent of
caffeine citrate, labeline, or the like is added to the mouth end
of the filter tip.
The cigar is made of the same compositions as the cigarette. The
size can be varied from that of a cigarillo to that of a full size
cigar.
Smoking "tobacco" is made of the same compositions but is cut to
give a flake, thread or mixture similar to regular smoking
tobacco.
The following examples will serve to illustrate some of the
mixtures or methods to which my invention is applicable. The
detailed description has been given only for clearness and
understanding as modifications will be obvious to those skilled in
the art. A reasonable variation can be made in the relative
proportions of the components. Also it is common practice to add
various adjuvant materials.
The specific examples are illustrative of the nature of the present
invention, but it is to be understood that the invention is not
limited thereto.
EXAMPLE 1
Carbon fibers, mat or cloth 2 parts by weight Potassium nitrate,
added as a 10% aqueous solution 2 parts by weight Incombustible
materials 96 parts by weight
The incombustible material may be asbestos, rock wool, steel wool
or ceramic fiber. Graphite fibers, mat or cloth may be substituted
for carbon fibers, mat or cloth.
EXAMPLE 2
Asbestos-long fiber 1 part by weight Powdered charcoal 2 parts by
weight Potassium nitrate, added as a 10% 2 parts by weight aqueous
solution Polyethylene glycol, m.w. .+-. 1450 (50% aqueous solution)
3 parts by weight
The above ingredients are mixed to give a uniform dispersion which
is extruded into flat filaments, dried, and cut to size. The sheet
material is used both for the filler and wrapper. Long fiber
asbestos may be replaced by a short fiber asbestos, a polyester
flock or by kaowool.
EXAMPLE 3
Carbon or graphite fiber, 20-30 parts by weight mat or cloth Steel
wool, very fine 5-20 parts by weight Sodium chlorate 2 parts by
weight Barium peroxide 1 parts by weight
The filler is prepared by coating the carbon and steel wool with a
dilute solution of sodium silicate; and then previously mixed
sodium chlorate and barium peroxide are sprinkled over the carbon
and steel wool. The product is dried and used as a filler. The rate
of burning can be increased by using larger amounts of the
oxidizing materials. The rate of burning can be decreased by using
smaller amounts of the oxidizing material, or by replacing part of
the carbonaceous material by incombustible fibers.
The foregoing examples illustrate embodiments of my invention, but
the invention is not limited thereto. It will be understood that
many modifications, changes and substitutions may be made therein
without departing from the true scope of the invention as defined
in the appended claims.
* * * * *