U.S. patent number 3,737,884 [Application Number 05/157,369] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-05 for magnetic card reader-encoder.
Invention is credited to John G. Wallace.
United States Patent |
3,737,884 |
Wallace |
June 5, 1973 |
MAGNETIC CARD READER-ENCODER
Abstract
An improved low-wear automatic card-processing device, for
machine readable cards of the type having a magnetically encoded
stripe of magnetic substance, includes a non-reversing motorized
belt drive for spring-biased rollers which induce a positive feed
of a card past a spring-floated magnetic read-record head and which
further positively convey the card to a discharge site after
processing.
Inventors: |
Wallace; John G. (Ashland,
MA) |
Family
ID: |
22563428 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/157,369 |
Filed: |
June 28, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
360/2;
235/480 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06K
13/07 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G06K
13/07 (20060101); G06K 13/02 (20060101); G11b
015/29 (); G06k 007/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;340/174.1
;179/1.2CA,1.2MD ;235/61.11R,61.11A,61.11C,61.11D ;271/DIG.9 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Other References
IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin Vol. 13, No. 1, June 1970, pp.
217-218.
|
Primary Examiner: Goudeau; J. Russell
Claims
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the
United States is:
1. Magnetic data-card processing apparatus comprising a framework
forming a passageway therein for the transport therethrough of a
card carrying a stripe of magnetizable material, a substantially
constant-speed continuously-running electric motor mounted in said
framework, a pair of cooperating parallel rollers forming a bite to
receive a card therebetween, means mounting one of said rollers in
said framework for rotation in driven relation to said motor, means
yieldably mounting the other of said rollers in said framework and
resiliently urging said other roller toward peripheral engagement
with said one roller, said yieldable mounting means comprising arm
means pivoted in said framework and positioning said other roller
therein toward engagement with said one of said rollers, and spring
means yieldably urging said arm means in directions to force said
roller toward said one of said rollers, a guide mounted in said
framework for delivering a card into the bite between said rollers,
electromagnetic read/encoder means including a transducer head,
means mounting said transducer head and said other of said rollers
side by side for magnetic interaction of said transducer head with
a stripe of magnetizable material on a card at the site where the
card is being driven by said rollers, said means mounting said
transducer head including means resiliently urging said head toward
engagement with the stripe of the card as it is being driven by
said rollers at said site and further including means providing
limited freedom for rocking movement of said head in directions
transverse to direction of movement of the driven card, and means
connecting said motor in driving relation to said one of said
rollers.
2. Magnetic data-card processing apparatus comprising a framework
forming a passageway therein for the transport therethrough of a
card carrying a stripe of magnetizable material, a substantially
constant-speed continuously running electric motor mounted in said
framework, a pair of cooperating parallel rollers forming a bite to
receive a card therebetween, means mounting one of said rollers in
said framework for rotation in driven relation to said motor, means
yieldably mounting the other of said rollers in said framework and
resiliently urging said other roller toward peripheral engagement
with said one roller, a guide mounted in said framework for
delivering a card into the bite between said rollers, said guide
comprising a substantially horizontal platen extending outwardly of
said framework and spanning a distance from said bite of said
rollers which is less than the length of a card, said guide and
said rollers orienting a card substantially horizontally for
transport through said rollers and past said transducer head, said
guide further including substantially parallel and vertical sides
spaced just slightly in excess of the width of a card,
electromagnetic read/encoder means including a transducer head,
means mounting said transducer head in said framework for magnetic
interaction with a stripe of magnetizable material on a card at the
site of said rollers as the card is being driven by said rollers,
said means mounting said transducer head including means
resiliently urging said head toward engagement with the stripe of a
card as it is being driven by said rollers and further including
means providing limited freedom for rocking movement of said head
in directions transverse to direction of movement of a driven card,
further roller means disposed in said framework for driving
engagement with a card after it has left said rollers,
substantially horizontal support means mounted in said framework in
a position underlying that of a card which has passed through the
rollers and disposed to engage a card at a position spaced from
said rollers by a distance greater than half the length of a card,
whereby a card discharged from the rollers will tend to tilt
downwardly from said support means and into engagement with said
further roller means, and belt means driven by said motor and in
driving relation to said one of said rollers and said further
roller means.
3. Magnetic data-card processing apparatus as set forth in claim 2
wherein said support means comprises a platen having an end sloped
upwardly in direction of movement of a card through said rollers
and disposed to engage the forward end of a card passed through
said rollers.
4. Magnetic data-card processing apparatus as set forth in claim 3
wherein said framework comprises a pair of substantially flat side
plates, spacer means maintaining said side plates substantially
parallel and vertical with a spacing therebetween just slightly in
excess of the width of a card to form said passageway, said motor
being disposed between said plates at a lower corner position and
having a drive shaft extending through one of said plates, said one
of said rollers having a driven shaft extending through said one of
said plates, pulleys secured to said drive and driven shafts
externally of said framework, additional horizontal roller means
disposed in said framework between said further roller means and
support means for driving engagement with a card after it has left
said rollers, wherein said guide platen extends from said framework
at an upper corner thereof diagonally opposite said lower corner,
said further and additional roller means having driven shaft ends
extending through said one of said side plates, said belt means
comprising a taut elastic belt in engagement with said pulleys
externally of said one of said side plates, said driven shaft ends
of said one of said further and additional roller means being in
driven engagement with said belt in the span of said belt between
said pulleys, whereby said belt may be engaged with either side of
each of said driven shaft ends to control directions of rotations
of said further and additional roller means, and further comprising
yieldable material in sleeved relation to said one of said
rollers.
5. Magnetic data-card processing apparatus as set forth in claim 2
further comprising a second substantially horizontal platen below
said guide platen, said second platen being disposed to receive a
card discharged by said further roller means in direction opposite
to said direction of movement.
6. Magnetic data-card processing apparatus as set forth in claim 5
wherein said second platen is disposed between said sides, wherein
said second platen spans a horizontal distance from said further
roller means which is less than the length of a card and extends
outwardly of said framework a lesser distance than said guide
platen, and wherein said belt means drives said driven roller and
said further roller means in opposite angular directions, whereby a
card is transported in said opposite direction for discharge from
said framework.
7. Magnetic data-card processing apparatus as set forth in claim 6
further comprising additional horizontal roller means disposed in
said framework between said further roller means and support means
for driving engagement with a card after it has left said rollers,
and wherein said belt means drives said further and additional
roller means in the same angular direction.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to improvements in the automatic
processing of magnetically encoded cards, such as credit cards and
the like which are intended to be interfaced transiently with
computer equipment, and, in one particular aspect, to novel and
improved magnetic card reader-encoder devices of low-cost compact
construction in which a single miniature synchronous motor
cooperates with belt-operated rollers and yieldable suspensions of
magnetic read-record head and card feed mechanisms to develop
positive low-wear automatic mechanical transport of cards between
insertion and discharge sites.
There have been numerous and varied uses of data-encoded cards as
adjuncts to automatic and computerized data processing; among these
are well known uses of so-called credit cards, which must be of
conveniently small size and must withstand severe handling
conditions. In facilitating the encoding and readout of data on
cards of the latter type, and in rendering the data highly immune
to accidental or wrongful alterations, magnetic material has been
used in a narrow strip along a prescribed path across a surface of
the card. Typically, exceedingly minute magnetic particles have
been hot-stamped or silk-screened onto plastic cards to form the
strip or stripe, and discrete magnetizations transversely to the
stripe establish the "bits" of coding which signify each character.
In both the initial encoding and subsequent readouts of the data,
the supporting card and a magnetic transducer head must be moved in
a predetermined relation to one another at a substantially constant
rate and in a positive fashion, without injury to the card and
without significant frictional abrasion and wearing of the magnetic
stripe.
Card-transport mechanisms serving the aforementioned purposes are
required at many convenient locations where the person to whom it
is issued may wish to use it to establish identity, credit, or the
like, and should therefore be of relatively inexpensive, compact
and uncomplicated construction. Moreover, their important functions
dictate that they be highly reliable, as well as fast-operating and
entirely automatic.
SUMMARY
By way of a summary statement as to practice of this invention in
one of its aspects, an improved magnetic card reader-encoder device
is packaged mainly within a framework formed by a pair of metal
side plates maintained in parallel narrowly spaced relation by a
plurality of staked spacer rods, the plate spacing being only
slightly in excess of the standard width of cards which are to be
transported between them. At one upper end of the framework, a
sheet-metal horizontal card guide serves to deliver hand-inserted
cards to the bite between framework-mounted horizontal rollers, one
of which is spring-biased to yield as a card is encountered, and
the other of which is driven by a synchronous electric motor nested
in a remote portion of the framework but coupled in driving
relation to the card-drive roller via pulleys and a belt disposed
laterally outside of the framework. The driven roller is associated
with a flywheel which further stabilizes the rate at which a card
is transported into the device and at which a suitably positioned
electromagnetic recording/reading head may interact with a
longitudinal stripe of magnetic material on one exposed surface of
the card. In minimizing wear of this magnetic material, the
electromagnetic head is yieldably mounted and provided with a
limited amount of substantially universal freedom of motion with
respect to the supporting framework. Inwardly beyond the card guide
and drive rollers, the transported card gravitates into a guided
engagement with a further driven roller which propels it in one or
another direction to discharge out of the framework, the selected
direction depending upon the selected position of the external belt
in its frictional drive relation to an extension of the further
roller.
It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide novel
and improved automatic magnetic-card processing devices of compact
and inexpensive construction which operate reliably and without
undue wear of cards in transporting them for precision interaction
with an electromagnetic read/record head.
A further object is to provide a unique and uncomplicated miniature
mechanical card-transporting assembly wherein a single
non-reversing synchronous electric motor not only powers the
precision movement of credit cards or the like past an
electromagnetic transducer head but also positively propels them to
a discharge site.
Another object is to provide a non-mutilating magnetic card
reader-encoder in which belt-driven card-feed rollers are in
yieldable engagement with cards and in which a floating yieldable
suspension of a transducer head minimizes card wear.
Although the features of this invention which are believed to be
novel are expressed in the appended claims, further details as to
preferred practices, as well as to further objects and advantages,
may be most readily comprehended through reference to the following
description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective pictorial view of an improved magnetic card
reader-encoder device, together with brokenaway and phantom
representations of an associated card;
FIG. 2 provides a cross-sectioned side view of part of the
mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 comprises a pictorial detail of the electromagnetic
transducer head and related support elements, for the same
apparatus depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2; and
FIG. 4 is an end view of the same transducer head in cooperative
relation to a card.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
As is illustrated in FIG. 1, the improved apparatus 5 for
processing data cards is developed around a mechanical framework or
chassis arrangement of advantageously low-cost construction,
including a pair of parallel metal side plates, 6 and 7, which are
secured in a predetermined spaced relationship by a plurality of
distributed spacer rods, 8 - 15, staked or otherwise suitably
fastened with these side plates. The lateral spacing, 16, between
the inner surfaces of plates 6 and 7 is selected to be just
slightly in excess of the width 17 (typically about 21/8 inches) of
a somewhat stiff plastic data card, 18, which is to be processed
through the apparatus for automatic readout or encoding. This
spacing assures that the card will be properly guided laterally in
transit through the framework, in a manner described later
herein.
In its intended use, apparatus 5 receives a card, 18, which is
usually inserted manually, and is then expected to transport that
card past an electromagnetic transducer head, 19, automatically,
for either recording or readout of data on a longitudinal stripe 20
of magnetic material exposed on the front side of the card. The
stripe may be continuous or discontinuous, may or may not be
rendered visible, and may comprise any suitable magnetic material
known in the art, such as particles of magnetic material which are
hot-stamped or silk-screened into bonded relation with the plastic
or other material of which the card is made. Generally, the stripe
20 is a discrete long and narrow region, although, functionally,
comparable results are obtainable with broader-area regions only
smaller "stripe" portions of which need cooperate
electromagnetically with the associate transducer head. In a
typical practice, the encoding is by way of minute discrete
magnetizations of the stripe material in directions transverse to
the longitudinal direction of the stripe, and these binary "bits"
of data may be made to characterize desired numbers, letters, or
other characters, which are meaningful when processed by way of
conventional computer circuitry with which the transducer head is
connected. The associated circuitry and equipment of a computer
with which this apparatus is used, and which may be of well-known
form, may involve equipment for applying pertinent electrical
encoding pulses to the transducer head, or, in the perhaps more
numerous cases, for translating prior-encoded data into readouts
which are informative to the operator; in the latter connection,
for example, the readout may identify the owner of a credit card
and, after computer comparisons with related stored data, his
then-current credit standing.
For the aforesaid purposes, the card is propelled past the
transducer head in a positive and controlled manner, while it is
being held and simultaneously moved linearly at a substantially
constant speed. Once the electromagnetic interaction with the
transducer head is completed, the card must be conveyed to a
discharge site where it will be readily accessible to the operator,
and, depending upon installation requirements, this may require
further transport movement either in the same or in the reverse
direction. All of these motive requirements are advantageously
satisfied by but a single miniature synchronous electric motor, 21,
outlined in dashed linework at its lower corner position between
the side plates, where it will not interfere with intended card
transport movements elsewhere between these plates. Rotation of
certain integral rollers which transport the card is, in turn,
developed by a single elastic belt, 22, which is driven by a small
motor pulley 23 located externally of one of the side plates, 6;
one of these rollers, 24, is likewise equipped with a small
external pulley, 25, rotated by the same belt, and the external
ends 26 and 27 of two further rollers 28 and 29 (FIG. 2) are also
engaged with and driven by the belt. The main span of belt 22 is
between the two peripherally grooved pulleys 23 and 25, which hold
the external belt securely in place, and, at intermediate
positions, the roller ends 26 and 27 engage the taut belt for
rotation in one or the opposite angular direction, depending upon
whether the belt has been manually deflected to engage them as
shown in FIG. 1 or to engage them on their opposite sides, as shown
in dashed linework 30 and 31, respectively, in the same
illustration. A flywheel 33 attached to roller 24 regulates drive
power.
As viewed in FIGS. 1 and 2, roller 24 is driven countercloclwise,
and forms laterally spaced bites with overhead rollers, such as
roller 32, carried by a shaft 34 freely rotatable in yoke arms 35.
Roller 24 itself preferably carries sleeves, such as 36, of
yieldable material such as plastic or rubber, and these, together
with the yieldable characteristics of yoke 35, insure that a card
will be firmly grasped and driven between the rollers 24 and 32
while at the same time escaping mechanical damage from them. For
these purposes, the inner ends of the yoke arms 35 are pivotally
supported by spacer rod 10, and the opposite ends are yieldably
urged downwardly by a leaf spring 37 centrally bolted to spacer rod
11. Yoke arms 35 in turn urge the therein-mounted shaft downwardly,
along with its rollers 32.
Data cards, such as card 18, are guided into the bite between drive
roller 24 and follower rollers 32 by a horizontal sheet-metal
platen 38, which preferably extends externally forward of the
framework at the upper corner diagonally opposite that at which the
motor is nested. Side guides 39 and 40, spaced apart only slightly
in excess of the card width, insure that the card must be aligned
to fit properly between the side plates 6 and 7 and to enter the
bite between the aforesaid rollers without any significant skew.
Platen or insert tray 38 extends forwardly by an amount 41 which is
enough less than the length 42 of a conventional card to permit the
operator's fingers to maintain longitudinal end pressure on the
card as it is being inserted in the direction of arrow 43, and,
thereby, to insure that the card will be grasped by and driven
between the rollers 24 and 32. Spacer rod 13 is horizontally
disposed only slightly above the horizontal platen 38, just
sufficiently to admit card 18 below it and to insure that it will
be horizontally oriented to feed between the rollers 24 and 32.
Once the card is siezed by the rollers and is automatically powered
into the space between side plates 6 and 7, the properly oriented
stripe 20 of magnetic material passes into cooperative
electromagnetic association with the lower head end of transducer
19. A proximate but non-scoring relationship between that
transducer end and the stripe 20 is promoted by a combination of a
yieldable downward urging and a limited universal-type jointing of
the transducer head in its mounting on the framework. As is best
shown in FIG. 3, transducer head 19 is carried by a flat arm 44
having one end, 44a, hooked pivotally to spacer rod 10, while the
other end, 44b, is rested atop the forward spacer rod 11; at both
of these locations, the arm is free to rock laterally by limited
amounts as determined by the accommodating slightly greater width
of the reduced-diameter portions of these rods where the arm fits
partly into these portions. A coil spring 45, secured at one end to
a frame-mounted pin 46 and at the other to arm end 44a, yieldably
forces the transducer head downwardly. An advancing card will cause
the thus-jointed yieldable head to level itself in relation to the
magnetic stripe 20, and irregularities or contaminants will not
occasion such severe wear as would otherwise take place. Flexible
electrical connections (not illustrated) are made with the
terminals 47 of the transducer head. The lower magnetic head end of
transducer 19 is preferably somewhat rounded, and is undercut
laterally, at 19a and 19b, so that the magnetic material of that
end has a lateral span 48 which is less than that, 49, of the
magnetic stripe 20, thereby improving efficiency and reducing
susceptibility to edge variations in the stripe (FIG. 4).
FIG. 2 aids in understanding that an advancing card, 18, will at
first be propelled horizontally by rollers 24 and 32 until its
inner end engages a further frame-mounted sheet metal platen 50,
the forward end 50a of which is sloped to provide a ramp which will
engage the advancing end of the somewhat stiff card and positively
deflect it upwardly. That end of the card is thus maintained in a
raised position when the opposite trailing end of the card leaves
the rollers 24 and 32. Under the latter conditions, the trailing
end of the card must gravitate downwardly, in the direction of
arrow 51, and will in turn necessarily rest itself upon the
periphery of roller 29 located below the aforesaid rollers. With
belt 22 oriented as shown in FIG. 1, roller 29 will rotate in a
clockwise direction and act to propel card 18 in the reverse
direction of arrow 52, i.e., back toward the front. Further roller
28, rotating clockwise also, likewise engages the dropped card,
from the under side, and cooperates in propelling it to discharge
onto the lower front sheet-metal discharge platen 53. The latter
extends forward of roller 29 by an amount less that that of the
upper insertion platen 38, such that the operator may readily grasp
and remove the discharged card, shown in dashed-outline form 18a in
FIGS. 1 and 2. Both rollers 28 and 29 are preferably equipped with
sleeves of material capable of making good frictional drive
engagements with the card, such as soft plastic, fibrous material,
or the like.
In those applications where it is desirable that the card discharge
be from the rear of the framework, taut elastic belt 22 is simply
reversed in its positions over roller ends 26 and 27, as shown by
dashed linework 30 and 31 in FIG. 1, whereupon the rollers 28 and
29 will be continuously rotated counterclockwise by motor 21 and
the dropped cards will be propelled rearwardly onto platen 50,
whence they will be discharged from the framework and may be
retrieved by the operator. The transport of cards from manual
insertion, through reading or encoding, and thence to discharge,
occurs rapidly and without interruption.
The apparatus as it appears in FIG. 1 is lacking a housing or
enclosure, which is normally in surrounding relation to all but the
insertion and discharge sites and which has been omitted for
clarity of illustration of key features.
It should be understood that a preferred embodiment of the
invention has been described and depicted for purposes of
disclosure, rather than limitation, and that those skilled in the
art may introduce various modifications, combinations and
substitutions without departure from the spirit and scope of this
invention as set forth in the appended claims.
* * * * *