U.S. patent number 3,736,607 [Application Number 05/203,405] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-05 for life raft stabilizer.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Administrator of the. Invention is credited to James H. Barnett, Jr., Floyd L. Harrison, Ralph J. Marak, Matthew I. Radnofsky.
United States Patent |
3,736,607 |
Radnofsky , et al. |
June 5, 1973 |
LIFE RAFT STABILIZER
Abstract
An improved life raft stabilizer for reducing rocking and
substantially precluding capsizing. The stabilizer may be removably
attached to the raft and is defined by flexible side walls which
extend a considerable depth downwardly to one another in the water.
The side walls, in conjunction with the floor of the raft, form a
ballast enclosure. A weight is disposed in the bottom of the
enclosure and water port means are provided in the walls thereof.
Placement of the stabilizer in the water allows the weighted bottom
to sink, producing submerged deployment thereof and permitting
water to enter the enclosure through the port means, thus forming a
ballast for the raft.
Inventors: |
Radnofsky; Matthew I.
(Seabrook, TX), Barnett, Jr.; James H. (Alvin, TX),
Harrison; Floyd L. (Houston, TX), Marak; Ralph J.
(Houston, TX) |
Assignee: |
The United States of America as
represented by the Administrator of the (Washington,
DC)
|
Family
ID: |
22753854 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/203,405 |
Filed: |
November 30, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
441/37;
114/122 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B63B
7/08 (20130101); B63B 39/00 (20130101); B63C
9/02 (20130101); B63C 2009/042 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B63C
9/00 (20060101); B63B 7/08 (20060101); B63B
7/00 (20060101); B63B 39/00 (20060101); B63C
9/02 (20060101); B63b 007/08 (); B63b 039/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;9/2A,2R,2C,11A,11R,3
;114/122 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reger; Duane A.
Assistant Examiner: Rutledge; Carl A.
Claims
Having thus described the invention, that which is claimed and
which is desired to be secured by United States Letters Patent
is:
1. A stabilizer means adapted to be affixed to a floating body
suspended in a fluid for reducing rocking and generally enhancing
the stability thereof comprising:
flexible wall means removably attachable to the floating body and
configured so as to extend downwardly from the body a substantial
distance and to one another to form a ballast enclosure,
port means in said flexible wall means, and
a weight means affixed to the bottom of said ballast enclosure for
producing gravitational deployment thereof, thereby causing fluid
to flow into the enclosure through the port means and thus form a
stabilizing ballast for the body.
2. The stabilizer means of claim 1 wherein the flexible wall means
are in the general configuration of a keel.
3. The stabilizer means of claim 2 wherein the wall means of the
stabilizer means is characterized by fluid control openings that
may each be selectively opened so as to allow escape of the fluid
in the ballast enclosure, or closed so as to maintain the fluid
therein.
4. In a raft of the type generally used on open water and which is
subject to capsizing therein, the improvement consisting of a
stabilizer means removably attached to the raft for substantially
precluding capsizing and reducing rocking of the raft, said
stabilizer means comprising:
flexible wall means extending downwardly from the sides of the raft
to one another so as to form a ballast enclosure,
port means in said flexible wall means, and
a weight means affixed to the bottom of said ballast enclosure for
producing submerged deployment thereof, thereby causing water to
enter the enclosure through the port means and thus form a ballast
which stabilizes the raft.
5. The combination raft-stabilizer means of claim 4 wherein the
flexible wall means extending downwardly into the water are in the
general configuration of a keel.
6. The combination raft-stabilizer means of claim 5 wherein the
wall means of the stabilizer means is characterized by water
control openings that may each be selectively opened so as to allow
escape of the water in the ballast enclosure, or closed so as to
maintain the water therein.
Description
The invention described herein was made by employees of the United
States Government and may be manufactured and used by or for the
Government of the United States of America for governmental
purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or
therefor.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains to improvements in life rafts. More
particularly the invention pertains to an improved inflatable
stabilizing system for use on life rafts and similar type
vessels.
Pneumatically inflatable life rafts are characterized by numerous
advantageous characteristics. For example, they occupy relatively
small storage space by comparison to their deployed size. They are
light weight and easily and quickly made ready for use. Their
bouyancy and load carrying capacity are superior to practically all
other types of floating vessels. Although these and numerous other
features make pneumatically inflatable life rafts more attractive
than most other forms of life support vessels, it is some of the
very same features that contribute to their most severe drawback,
namely a pronounced instability and tendency to capsize in open
water.
Heretofore, the recognition of this disadvantage has been
accompanied by numerous and diverse resolute attempts directed to
its elimination. It has, for example, been suggested that the
inflatable raft incorporate a plurality of stabilizing weights or
ballast buckets deployed around the perimeter and interiorly of the
raft. Also, it has been suggested that the inflatable rafts contain
a compartment in the bottom thereof which may be filled with a
weight or even with water so as to thereby form a stabilizing mass.
Such a structure is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 2,223,625. While this
and similar devices might afford some stabilizing effect, they are
not conducive to reliable use in heavy seas because of a
vulnerability to sudden capsizing from a single wave. Other less
sophisticated approaches, such as the mere placement of a mass or
weight on the floor of the raft, detract from the basic features of
the raft itself, that is its ease of deployment, lightness of
weight and superior bouyancy.
The present invention thus proposes a pneumatically inflatable raft
having a water inflatable keel as an integral part thereof and
which acts to stabilize the raft in a manner superior to any
structure presently known. The water inflatable keel is constructed
of the same materials as the raft itself, is formed integrally
therewith, and thus detracts in no way from the principal features
which characterize pneumatically inflatable rafts. In addition to
reliably stabilizing the raft and substantially eliminating the
possibility of capsizing in even heavy seas, the structure
disclosed hereinafter contains means for adjusting the ballast
resistance during towing of the raft, and means for expulsion of
the water ballast from the keel so as to facilitate removal of the
raft from the water. These and other features and advantages of the
invention will become readily apparent upon a reading of the
following detailed description, claims and drawings wherein like
numerals denote like parts in the several views and wherein:
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a life raft incorporating
the improved stabilizing structure of the invention.
FIG. 2 illustrates a top view of the raft of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 shows a side view in partial section of the raft of FIG.
1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
With reference now to the drawings, there is shown a raft 1
comprising main flotation tube 3 which may be made of vinyl, rubber
or other material having pneumatic integrity. Although the planar
form of the main flotation tube 3 will generally be of circular,
square or rectangular configuration, it may take any shape
depending upon the demands of its use. Therefore and for example it
is shown in the drawings to be of semicircular configuration so as
to readily adapt to and dock against the side of a space vehicle
floating in the water. Integrally attached to the main flotation
tube 3 is a floor 5 adapted to support the persons and supplies in
the raft.
Extending downwardly from the main flotation tube 3 and removably
connected thereto is the life raft stabilizer 9. The stabilizer
comprises a plurality of integrally connected walls 9a, 9b, 9c and
9d extending downwardly from the main flotation tube 3. It is most
important that the depth of the stabilizer walls be at least
several times the diameter of the main flotation tube in order to
lower the center of gravity and thus produce a reliable ballasting
force upon the raft when it is in the water. A stabilizer depth in
the range of 3 feet or more is suggested for the configuration of
the raft shown in the drawing (FIG. 1). To still further enhance
the center of gravity of the raft when the stabilizer 9 is filled
with ballasting water, the stabilizer walls 9a-d are adapted to
slope inwardly towards one another to take the form of a keel.
Disposed in the bottom of stabilizer 9 is an appropriate weight 11
(FIG. 3) which, upon pneumatic deployment of the main flotation
tube 3, causes stabilizer 9 to descend in the water. In so doing,
water passes through entry ports 13 selectively positioned in
certain of the stabilizer walls 9a-d. The water thus fills the
chamber defined by the walls and the floor 5 of the raft, and
thereby provides a stabilizing keel.
After the raft is deployed in the water, the need may subsequently
arise for towing it or for maintaining it in relatively static
position despite an ocean current. Either such objective would
prove difficult, at best, with the contained water ballast
described above. There is therefore provided zipper means 15a, 15b
in opposing end walls of stabilizer 9. By opening both of the
zipper means, the raft may be towed with relative facility since
resistance of the water ballast is reduced to the resistance
produced by a current flowing through the stabilizer 9. Similarly,
if the raft is subjected to an ocean current when relative movement
from a designated position is undesirable, the zipper facing the
current direction may be closed while the other is opened. Thus the
ballasting water in the stabilizer 9 will be relatively static by
comparison to the current, thereby substantially reducing movement
of the raft. Under still other circumstances, necessity may arise
to remove the raft entirely from the water. This of course could
not be readily accomplished with the substantial water ballast
normally contained within the walls of stabilizer 9. In such event,
both zippers 15a and 15b may be opened to permit quick and easy
gravity expulsion of the ballast water as the raft is being
removed.
From the above description it will be seen that the improved life
raft stabilizer of the invention is extremely simple to construct
and may, as a unit, be attached or detached from the raft by use of
any number of conventional snaps or connector means. The inertia of
the water ballast contained within the stabilizer 9 tends to oppose
sudden movement of the raft in a horizontal direction. A change in
a vertical direction, such as tilting or lifting, is resisted by
the weight and inertia of the water in the stabilizer. Rocking
motion of the raft due to surface waves is substantially reduced by
reason of the keel-like effect of the ballasting stabilizer. In
addition, the water entry ports and weighted stabilizer provide for
quick and effortless deployment while the cooperating zipper means
impart a degree and type of navigational control which is unknown
to pneumatically inflatable vessels.
While there has been described and illustrated a particular
embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the
invention is not to be restricted thereto, but it is intended to
cover all modifications thereof which fall within the true spirit
and scope of the claims appended hereto.
* * * * *