U.S. patent number 3,735,533 [Application Number 05/137,789] was granted by the patent office on 1973-05-29 for sharpening of ice skates.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Merco International Ltd.. Invention is credited to Mervyn Salberg.
United States Patent |
3,735,533 |
Salberg |
May 29, 1973 |
SHARPENING OF ICE SKATES
Abstract
A coin-operated automatic ice skate sharpening machine is
disclosed. The two skates are arranged heel-to-heel and the two
aligned edges ground by a thin, flat grinding wheel having a convex
wheel edge profile. The wheel lies in the same plane as the skate
blades. The wheel moves along the skates, so grinding a concave
edge profile. The machine can be set grind either "figure" skates
or "hockey" skates as desired. The grinding wheel is automatically
dressed. The number of passes by the grinding wheel is preset by
the operator to take into account present condition of skates.
Inventors: |
Salberg; Mervyn (British
Columbia, CA) |
Assignee: |
Merco International Ltd.
(British Columbia, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
4088734 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/137,789 |
Filed: |
April 27, 1971 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
451/152;
451/383 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B24B
3/003 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B24B
3/00 (20060101); B24b 019/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;51/34F,34A,34C,100,228,5,34E |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Mehr; Milton S.
Claims
I claim:
1. An ice skate sharpening machine including:
a. clamp means arranged to clamp a skate blade in fixed
position;
b. a thin flat grinding wheel having its traverse cross-sectional
profile dressed to the desired concave cross-section of the skate
blade bottom edge;
c. mounting means by which the grinding wheel is held with its
plane in a plane containing the skate blade;
d. driving means by which the grinding wheel can be driven at a
suitable grinding speed;
e. biasing means by which the driven grinding wheel can be brought
towards the skate blade edge so as to engage and grind that edge to
the said desired cross-section;
f. traversing means by which the grinding wheel is moved along the
skate blade to grind all appropriate parts of the skate blade
edge.
2. A skate sharpening machine according to claim 1, and in
which:
a. the clamp means are arranged to clamp both skates of a pair of
skates with their blades in alignment; and
b. the said traversing means is adapted to move the grinding wheel
along both skate blades in turn to grind all appropriate parts of
both skate blade edges.
3. A skate sharpening machine according to claim 2, and in
which:
a. the two skates are arranged in heel-to-heel arrangement;
b. limit switches are arranged to be operated as the said grinding
wheel reaches an appropriate point near the toe end of each
skate;
c. the limit switches are arranged to stop forward movement of the
grinding wheel by the traversing means when the grinding wheel
reaches the said appropriate point.
4. A skate sharpening machine according to claim 2, and in
which:
a. a first limit switch is arranged near the toe end of the or each
skate blade;
b. a second limit switch is arranged nearer the toe end of the or
each skate blade than is the said first limit switch;
c. the first limit switch is arranged to terminate forward movement
of the grinding wheel at a first appropriate point when a "figure"
skate is being ground;
d. the second limit switch is arranged to permit forward movement
of the grinding wheel beyond the said first appropriate point as
far as a second appropriate point when a "hockey" skate is being
ground.
5. A skate sharpening machine according to claim 1, and in
which:
a. an abutment is provided against which the heel end of each skate
blade is placed;
b. a movable toe locator is movable along the direction containing
the said skate blade to engage the toe end of the skate blade;
c. switch operating means movable with the said toe locator are
arranged to operate a limit switch when the said grinding wheel
reaches a predetermined point near the toe end of the skate;
whereby different sizes of skates can be sharpened in the machine
and excessive forward movement of the grinding wheel is prevented
despite the insertion of different size of skates.
6. A skate sharpening machine according to claim 1, and in
which
grinding wheel dressing means are provided by which the profile of
the grinding wheel can be dressed.
7. A skate sharpening machine according to claim 6, and in
which:
a. an automatic system provides operation of the wheel dressing
means;
b. a presettable control determines the degree of dressing to be
given to the grinding wheel in a single operation.
8. A skate sharpening machine according to claim 1, and in
which;
a. an automatic control system is provided;
b. the automatic control system determines the actual grinding of
the (or each) skate blade;
c. the automatic control system automatically effects any necessary
redressing of the grinding wheel.
9. A skate sharpening machine according to claim 1 and in
which:
a. an automatic control system is provided;
b. the automatic control system determines the number of times the
skate blade will be ground, in accordance with the setting by an
operator of a variable control.
10. A skate sharpening machine according to claim 1, and in
which:
a. an automatic control system is provided;
b. the automatic control system determines the actual grinding of
the skate blade.
c. a coin-operated mechanism controls the automatic control system,
whereby a grinding operation takes place only if an acceptable coin
is first fed to the coin-operated mechanism.
Description
This invention relates to a machine for the sharpening of ice
skates, and finds special, although not exclusive, use as a
coin-operated automatic machine capable of use by the general
public and requiring no skill in its operation.
According to the invention, an ice skate sharpening machine
includes clamp means arranged to clamp a skate blade in fixed
position; a thin flat grinding wheel having its cross-sectional
profile dressed to the desired cross-section of the skate blade
edge; mounting means by which the grinding wheel is held with its
plane in a plane containing the skate blade; driving means by which
the grinding wheel can be driven at a suitable grinding speed;
biasing means by which the driven grinding wheel can be brought
towards the skate blade edge so as to engage and grind that edge to
the said desired cross-section; traversing means by the grinding
wheel is moved along the skate blade to grind all appropriate parts
of the skate blade edge.
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a coin-operated automatic
ice-skate sharpening machine;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing how a pair of ice skates are inserted
into the machine of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how certain adjustments are made to the
machine so that it may accommodate different sizes of skates.
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of skate clamping means in the
machine of FIG. 1, and is taken on the line IV--IV of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the movement of a grinding wheel during
sharpening of the two skates;
FIG. 6 is an edge view of the grinding wheel shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 7 is a transverse section of a skate blade and shows the
concave edge profile produced by the machine;
FIG. 8 is a sectional front view of an upper part only of the
machine shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a sectional plan view taken immediately below a top plate
of the part of the machine shown in FIG. 8, parts of the machine
remote from the section plane being omitted for purposes of
clarity;
FIG. 10 is a plan view of a movable carriage shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is an end view of the carriage shown in FIG. 10, taken from
the right-hand side of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is an end view of the lower left-hand side only of FIG. 11,
this view being taken from the opposite direction, i.e. from the
left-hand side of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the carriage shown in FIG. 8, but is
drawn to a larger scale than that Figure and also is partly broken
away to show parts which are normally hidden;
FIG. 14 is a transverse section taken on the line XIV--XIV of FIG.
13 and as viewed in the direction indicated by the arrows;
FIG. 15 is a transverse section taken on the line XV--XV of FIG. 14
and as viewed in the direction indicated by the arrows;
FIG. 16 is a sectional front elevation of a skate toe locator
device shown to a smaller scale in FIG. 8;
FIGS. 17A, 17B and 17C, when arranged one above the other in the
manner indicated in FIG. 17D (which is located on the same sheet as
FIG. 5), form the electrical circuit for a coin-operated automatic
control system for the ice-skate sharpening machine of the previous
Figures.
Referring first to FIG. 1, this is a diagrammatic representation of
an automatic coin-operated ice skate sharpening machine. It will be
seen the machine comprises a boxlike body 1 mounted on side legs or
pedestal 3, and has its top for the most part open but with, at the
front, a top plate 5 carrying the necessary coin-accepting and
return mechanism 7 and several controls indicated at 9. A
recessed-type lid 10 is pivoted to the top of the machine along one
edge 10A and when lowered closes in the space behind the top plate
5.
The machine of FIG. 1 is complex, and before a detailed description
of the machine is undertaken, the major mechanical features will be
pointed out with reference to FIGS. 2 through 7.
FIG. 2 shows how two skates 11 and 13 (forming a pair of skates)
are inserted by the operator into the machine of FIG. 1, the skates
being inserted heel-to-heel in an upright position with the heel
ends 11A and 13A of the two skates abutting against opposite sides
of a center bar 15. Skate 11 rests on three spaced bottom locators
17,18 and 19, and skate 13 rests on three bottom locators 21,22 and
23.
FIG. 3 shows how two toe-locator assemblies 31 and 33 are then
brought into contact respectively with the toe ends of skates 11
and 13, the operator effecting this movement using knob-like
handles 31A and 33A respectively on the two assemblies.
FIG. 4 is a sectional plan view on the line IV--IV of FIG. 3 and
shows how (when the preferred coin is accepted by the machine and
certain necessary controls are set) two pairs of spring-loaded
clamp bars 41, 41,43,45 and 47 lying parallel to the skate blades
and with bars 41 and 43 respectively on opposite sides of blade 11
and bars 45 and 47 respectively on opposite sides of blade 13, are
caused to move inwardly to clamp the two blades and hold them in
position. This Figure shows how the bars 41 through 47 are carried
by toggle links. Thus, associated with bar 41 is a pair of toggle
links 51 and 53 both pivotally carried at one end by an axially
movable rod 55 with link 51 pivotally connected at its other end to
bar 41 and with link 53 pivotally connected at its other end by a
pivot pin 57 to a main structural part 59 of the machine. Thus
endwise movement of the rod 55 and its companion rod 61 on the
other side of the skates, to the left in FIG. 4, causes the skates
to be clamped between the bars 41 through 47, while subsequent
movement of rods 55 and 61 to the right in FIG. 4 releases the two
skates. It will be seen that the bars 41 through 47 act on the
skate blades through small, generally rectangular blocks 63, and it
will be shown in detail later that whereas the blocks nearer the
center bar 15 are located against movement along the length of the
skate blades, the outer blocks are moved lengthwise of the blades
by the adjustment of the locator assemblies 31 and 33 to ensure
that they will be positioned near the toe of the skate blade,
despite the insertion of skates of different lengths.
FIG. 5 illustrates actual grinding operation on the skates. After
the bottom locations 17 through 23 have been moved aside, a
grinding wheel 65 having the profile shown in FIG. 6 is brought
upwardly into contact with the heel end of skate 11, and then moved
to the right in FIG. 5 while grinding a concave profile on the
skate edge. The mounting of the grinding wheel and its driving
motor is such that the grinding wheel is pressed upwardly against
the skate with a substantially contact force. Since the grinding
wheel 65 is repeated dressed to a convex curve 67 (see FIG. 6) with
a radius of three-fourths inch, a concave transverse profile 69
(see FIG. 7) of this radius is formed on all parts of the skate
blades which the grinding wheel touches during its movements
between limiting left-hand and right-hand positions in FIG. 5. The
approximate locus of the center of the driving wheel during a
complete grinding operation is shown by the dashed line 71.
Now that the general form of the machine has been described, the
more detailed showing of the practical machine is the subsequent
figures will be described. It will be appreciated that much of the
cabinet shown in FIG. 1 is provided merely to present the part
accessible to the member of the public who is the operator, at a
convenient height. Thus the opening through which the operator
inserts the skates for sharpening has its lower edge at about 36
inches above the floor level, and this should be borne in mind in
considering FIG. 8, which shows as a sectional front elevation of
only the part of the machine which lies immediately below the level
of plate 5.
In FIG. 8 one can readily identify the skates 11 and 13 to be
sharpened, the toe locator assemblies 31 and 33, and the grinding
wheel 65. These, and the other parts, are mounted and supported by
a generally rectangular framework 75 which, as indicated in FIG. 1
is covered with suitable decorative panels which enclose the moving
parts of the machine. Considering FIG. 8 in conjunction with FIG.
9, which is a plan view taken immediately below a top plate 77
shown in FIG. 8, it will be seen that the two assemblies 31 and 33
are slidably mounted on a shaft 79 which extends across the machine
from left to right in FIG. 9 and is mounted at its ends
respectively in two side parts 81 and 83 of the framework 75. These
two assemblies carry flat blade or leaf springs 85 which carry
blocks 63A described above as being used to clamp the toe ends of
the skate blades. Blocks 63B used to clamp the heel ends of the
skate blades are carried by flat blade or leaf springs 91 which are
mounted on center bar 15. Also shown in FIG. 9 is the manner in
which each of the two rods 55 and 61 is formed of a number of
segments connected together by pivot pins 92, and in which an end
part of each rod (to the left in FIG. 9) extends through a bracket
93 and beyond that bracket is screwthreaded and carries a
compression spring 95 acting between locknuts and the bracket, and
biasing the rod to the left in this figure. This left-wards
movement renders the clamping of the skate blades effective.
Aligned with the left-hand end of each rod 55 and 61 is a slidably
mounted actuator 99 or 100, which on movement to the right releases
the skate clamp. As shown in FIG. 8, each actuator is formed with a
screwthreaded hole which contains a complementory shaft 101 or 102.
Rotation of the screwthreaded shafts will displace the rods 55 and
61 lengthwise. A reversible clamp motor CL mounted on part 81
drived a chain sprocket 103 which through a chain 104 and sprockets
105A and 105B drives the two shafts 101 and 102. Rods 55 and 61 are
supported at about their mid-lengths by extending through suitable
bearings in lateral extensions of the centerbar 15.
The six bottom locators 17 through 23 (see FIG. 8) are mounted by
pivot pins such as the pivot pin 106 on the plate 77, and are in
the form of simple levers with their outer ends coupled by pivot
pins such as pin 107 to an actuating rod 108. At one end (to the
left in FIG. 9), rod 108 is connected to a crank pin 109 on a crank
disc mounted on a vertical shaft 111. This is the output shaft or a
locator motor LOC.
Also extending between the two side plates 81 and 83 is a
screwthreaded lead screw 113, held against lengthwise movement by
suitable locknuts. This lead screw serves to move a carriage 115
which carries the grinding wheel 65 and associated parts. As most
readily seen in plan view FIG. 10, carriage 115 is slidably
supported on two smooth rods 117 and 119 which extend between the
side parts 81 and 83 and are carried thereby. The carriage has
suitable low-friction slider bearings 121 and 123 engaging the two
rods, and the carriage also carries a nut member 125 which engages
the lead screw 113 so that rotation of the lead screw causes
movement of the carriage in the appropriate direction. A carriage
motor CA is mounted on side plate 83, and drives a chain sprocket
CAS connected by a chain 126 to a sprocket 1135 on lead screw 113
and to a sprocket BRS on a brake BR. Brake BR is a spring loaded
brake which is released by the application of an electric current,
as indicated in FIG. 17C.
Carriage 115 carries a sub-chassis 127 (see FIG. 14) mounted on a
pivot shaft 129 extending transversely of the direction of movement
of the grinding wheel 65. To the left of this shaft 129, the
sub-chassis carries a driving motor GR coupled by a V-belt 133 to a
driving pulley 135 positioned to the right of the shaft 129, and
mounted on a shaft 137 which carries the grinding wheel 65. Also
mounted on the sub-chassis are means by which the grinding wheel 65
can be turned up during use of the machine. Thus, in FIG. 12, is
shown a pivoted arm 141 which carries a diamond wheel facing tool
143 and, as the arm oscillates, dresses the wheel profile.
FIG. 13 illustrates the manner in which a bracket 144 which carries
141 is pivotally mounted on the sub-chassis 127 by pivot pin 145
toward the righthand side of the carriage 115, and at its opposite
end is connected by a swinging link 147 to a nut member 149 fitted
on a vertical screwed rod 151 (see FIG. 11), so that appropriate
rotation of rod 151 will raise the rear end of the arm 141 and so
advance the diamond dressing tool 143 towards the axis of rotation
of the grinding wheel 65. The rod 151 carries at its upper end a
ratchet wheel 153 (see FIG. 10) which bears on the top of a
plate-like part 127A of the sub-chassis 127. Mounted on the
underside of the plate-like part 127A is an electric motor ARM
having a driving pulley 157 coupled by a v-belt 159 to a larger
driven pulley 161 mounted on a shaft 163 extending across the top
of plate-like part 127A. At the further end, shaft 163 carries a
first cam 165 and a second cam 167, which can be seen clearly in
FIGS. 10 and 11. Cam 167 engages a roller 168 carried by a pin 168A
on the sub-chassis 127. Since pin 168A is to the right of shaft
129, Cam 167 in one limiting position holds the right-hand end of
sub-chassis 127 down, and in its other limiting position permits
the right-hand end (and thus the grinding wheel 65) to rise.
Referring now to FIG. 10, it will be seen that an approximately
triangular plate 169 is fitted under the ratchet wheel 153 and can
oscillate on the same axis as that wheel. Plate 169 carries a pawl
171 spring loaded into contact with the ratchet wheel, while a
detent rod 173 is spring biased into contact with the ratchet wheel
and prevents reverse (i.e. anticlockwise) the outward end of plate
169 is pivotally connected to a plunger 175 of a solenoid ratch. A
tension spring 178 biases plate 169 to the left. Each time the
solenoid 177 is energized, the plate 169 rocks clockwise through a
small angle and the pawl 171 advances the ratchet wheel 153 through
an angular distance of one tooth. This raises the nut member 149
through a small distance and by swinging the bracket 144 advances
the diamond dressing tool through a predetermined distance towards
the central axis of the grinding wheel 65.
Referring now to FIG. 12, mounted on the bracket 144 is a further
electric motor DR of the type including an integral speed reducing
gear train, and output shaft 183 of this motor is caused to rotate
at a relatively slow speed. A crank disc 185 mounted on this shaft
carries a crank pin 187 connected by a link 189 to a pivot pin 191
mounted on the arm 141, and as the motor drives the crank disc
continuously in one direction, the diamond dressing tool 143 swings
through a short arc which includes the profile of the grinding
wheel 65.
As is clear from FIG. 13, the sub-chassis 127 carries a threaded
shaft 195 extending towards the left of that figure, and a
counterweight 197 is screwthreaded on the shaft and can be locked
in adjusted position by a locknut 199. Thus the force with which
the grinding wheel 65 presses upwardly on the bottom of a skate to
be sharpened can be adjusted by adjustment of counterweight 197.
Referring to FIGS. 14 and 15 it will be seen that pivot shaft 129
is locked against rotation in the sub-chassis 127, and is rotatably
mounted in two spaced ball bearings 201 carried by the carriage
115. Beyond these ball bearings, the shaft is continued into a
cylindrical damper chamber 203. The part of the shaft within the
chamber carries a cross vane 205 extending very nearly to the walls
of the chamber and provided with small bleed holes 207. Extending
across the chamber towards and into close proximity to the shaft
129 are two fixed vanes 209. The chamber is otherwise filled with
hydraulic fluid through a hose 211 and a bore 213. As a result,
oscillatory movement of the sub-chassis 127 relative to the
carriage 115 is severely damped, so preventing the build up of
"chatter" as the grinding wheel works on the skates.
Referring now to FIG. 16, this illustrates a preventative device
mounted in the toe locator assembly 31, a similar device being
provided in assembly 33. A plunger 215 positioned in a bore in the
assembly is biased by a compression spring 217 to extend a short
distance beyond the remainder of the assembly. The travel of this
plunger is limited by a suitable stop, and typically is about
one-sixteenth of an inch. When the operator slides the assembly 33
up against the toe of a skate, the plunger is moved only as the
skate tip is firmly engaged by the assembly. The other end of the
plunger is coupled through a very stiff spring 218 to the operating
plunger of a microswitch RTSLS, so that the microswitch is operated
only when the toe locator assembly is properly in position relative
to the skate.
A vacuum dust collecting system is provided (see FIG. 8) below the
plate 77, and comprises an electric motor VAC driving a fan 219
which draws dust laden air through ducts 221 having inlets
positioned near the grinding wheel 65. A filter unit 223, similar
to that used in a domestic vacuum cleaner, extracts the dust from
the air before it reaches fan 219.
As mentioned earlier, the apparatus is intended to operate
substantially automatically, once the operator has taken certain
initial steps, and to permit this automatic operation a number of
limit switches are incorporated in the apparatus. Thus switch RTSLS
in assembly 33 has been mentioned, and a corresponding switch LTSLS
is provided in toe locator assembly 33. FIGS. 17A, 17B and 17C,
when arranged one above the other as shown in FIG. 17D, show the
complete electrical circuit for the apparatus. It will be noted
that the various limit, switches, motors and relays are given
references which include letters that indicate the names allotted
to the circuit components. These various items are set out in the
following lists, which also indicate the figures on which they will
be found:
Reference See Figures Name of component Coin Mechanism (FIG. 1) PSW
17A Price switch PG 17A Pulse Generator CREM 17A Coin Return
Electromagnet STPR 17A Stepper INT.SW. 17A 17B 17C Interrupter
Switch HR 17A Homing relay with three poles designated HR-1, HR-2
and HR-3. KKR 17A Kicker CRS 17A Coin return solenoid (escrow unit)
CRSSW 17A Coin return solenoid switch CBS 17A Cash box solenoid
(escrow unit) CBSSW 17A Cash box solenoid switch HSW 17A Homing
switch CASW 17A Cancel (coin return) switch
MISCELLANEOUS
F1 17A Fuse SW.1 17A, 1 on-off switch, 2 pole single throw. Poles
SW.1/A and SW.1/B LLSOL 17A, 1 Lid Lock solenoid TVSW 17A Test Vend
Switch DWS 17A and 1 Door switch (lid) 2 pole single throw. Poles
DSW/A and DSW/B FH SW SOL 17A Figure/Hockey switch return solenoid
FH S SW 17B Figure/Hockey selector switch with poles FHSSW/A and
FHSSW/B SCSSW 17B Skate condition selector switch with poles
SCSSW/A and SCSSW/B JOG 17A 17B Push button switch of the momentary
make type RESET 17C Push button switch of the momentary make type
TM-1 17C Cam operated switch on timer. TM-2 17C Cam operated switch
on timer. D1, D3, D4 D5 17B Diodes D2 17C Diode R1, R3, R4 17B
Resistors R2 17C Resistor C1, C3, C4 17B Capacitors C2 17C
Capacitor RATCH 10 and 17B Ratchet solenoid RATCH CTR 17B Ratchet
counter relay BR 8 and 17C Magnetic disc brake LX1 17B 24 position
stepping switch LX2 17C 24 position stepping switch
Indicator lights (all glow discharge lamps)
OOSILT 17A "out of Service" indicator light. CRLT 17A Coin return
light labelled "Money Refunded" CBLT 17A Cash box light labelled
"Operation Complete"
Relays
Certain of these relays are self-latching, and therefore have an
operating coil (--/OC) and a release coil (--/RC). Such relays are
marked *
*VR 17B Vend relay. 2 poles. Latch-in. Operating coil VR/OC and
release coil VR/RC *TR 17B Trip Relay. 3 poles. Latch-in. Coils
TR/OC and TR/RC. *DR 17B Dresser relay. 3 poles. Latch-in. Coils
DR/OC and DR/RC *LR 17B Locator relay. 2 poles. Latch-in. Coils
LR/OC and LR/RC *FLTR 17C Fault relay. 3 poles. Latch-in. CRTR 17A
Coin return relay. 2 poles. CBR 17A Cash box relay 2 poles.
Contacts CBR/C are make-before-break. CLFR 17A Clamp (motor)
forward relay. 4 poles. CLRR 17B Clamp (motor) reverse relay. 4
poles CMSR 17A Carriage motor start relay. 2 poles CFR 17B Carriage
forward relay. 4 poles CRR 17B Carriage reverse relay. 5 poles TMR
17B Timer relay. 2 poles. FLTTR 17B Fault trip relay. 2 poles WWR
17C Wheel wear relay. 1 pole.
RELAY CONTACT
The relay poles or contacts are indicated by the reference used for
the relay, as set out above, with the addition of /A, /B, /C, /D
and /E to indicate the various poles.
Motors LOC 8 and 17A Locator motor. 20 rpm. 1/70 hp. ARM 11 and 17A
Arm motor. 20 rpm. 1/70 hp. DR 12 and 17B Dresser motor. 20 rpm.
1/70 hp. CL 8 and 17C Clamp motor. 60 rpm. 1/15 hp. CA 8 and 17C
Carriage motor. 350 rpm. 1/15 hp. TM 17C Timer motor. 1 rpm. With
three lobe cam. VAC 8 and 17B Vacuum motor GR 8 and 17B Grinder
motor. 3,450 rpm. 1/3 hp.
Limit Switches CLCLS 9 and 17A clamps closed. CLOLS 9 and 17B
clamps open LOLS 9 17A Locator out. LILS 9 17B Locator in. AOLS 9
13 17A Arm open (grind) ACLS 9 13 17B Arm closed (dress) CACLLS 10
17B Carriage centerline position. CARFLS 10 17B Carriage right side
figure. CARHLS 10 17B Carriage right side hockey. CARMLS 17C
Carriage right side maximum CALFLS 10 17B Carriage left side Figure
CALHLS 10 17B Carriage left side Hockey CALMLS 10 17C Carriage left
side Maximum DFCLS 12 17B Dresser full cycle DTRLS 12 17B Dresser
trip switch (30.degree. lag) WWMLS 13 17B Wheel wear maximum, i.e.,
shut down required. RTSLS 16 and 17A Skate toe sensing switch
right. LTSLS 17A Skate tow sensing switch left.
The machine is intended for use by unskilled members of the public,
who will be able to make use of the machine upon paying a
predetermined sum. An orthodox coin-freed mechanism is used for
exacting payment, and does not really form part of the present
invention. However, the most important features of that coin freed
mechanism will be shown and described in order to facilitate a full
understanding of the various electrical circuits.
The coin-freed mechanism includes a coin-accepting slot which will
accept nickels, dimes and quarters, and this slot leads to a
mechanical sorter which routes the different coins through
different passages. As each coin passes, it operates pulse
generator switch PG, and the number of times it operates that
switch will depend upon the route being followed by the coin, i.e.,
by its value. Thus a nickel causes one pulse, a dime two pulses,
and a quarter five pulses, each pulse being caused by a movement of
the switch PG between its pair of contacts. These pulses energize
the operating coil STPR of a stepping switch, so that the setting
of this switch indicates what value of coins has passed through the
coin slot. Associated with the stepping switch is a price switch
PSW, which can be adjusted by the serviceman so that it closes when
the said stepping switch reaches a position indicating that coins
to the value of the desired service have passed through the coin
slot. Thus, typically the charge will be a quarter, and when coins
to a total value of a quarter have been entered and accepted, price
switch PSW will close. The coin mechanism is of the type known as
"escrow", and coins fed into it are held until the operation to be
paid for is properly completed, whereupon they are released to a
cash box. Otherwise, the coins are returned to the operator. Coin
return solenoid CRS and coin return solenoid switch CRSSW, and cash
box solenoid CBS and cash box solenoid switch CBSSW are associated
with this mechanism. Should the device be out of order, then a set
of mechanical fingers associated with the coin slot prevents the
insertion of further coins. These are retracted when solenoid CREM
is energized. Such a coin-freed mechanism is very well known in the
art and is used in many different types of automatic vending
machine.
Referring back to FIG. 1, associated with the lid 10 is a
mechanical operator for the door switch DSW, this being preferably
concealed so that a user would not be able to identify the switch
and operate it while keeping the door open. For example a magnet
operating a reed switch can be used. The lid 10 also carries a claw
301 which can be engaged by a complementary member moved by the lid
lock solenoid LLSOL. The controls 9 include: the figure/hockey
selector switch FHSSW which is of a type which automatically resets
to "FIGURE"; the skate condition selector switch SCSSW: the CANCEL
(coin return) switch CASW.
On a back panel 303 of the machine is provided the on-off switch
SW.1. Under a normally locked panel in plate 5 are: price switch
PSW; test vend switch TVSW; kicker switch KKR; a set of push
buttons controlling individually the switches marked JOG; a reset
switch RESET. These are controls for use by an attendant should the
machine require attention.
Referring now to FIG. 9, the two limit switches CLCLS and CLOLS are
shown, these switches being operated by a metal strip 305 carried
by the rod 61 so that switch CLOLS is automatically closed when the
rod 61 is displaced to the right, so that the skate clamps are
released, and so that switch SLCLS is closed when rod 61 is fully
displaced to the left, indicating that the skate clamps are
closed.
It also shows limit switches LILS and LOLS which are operated by a
pin 306 mounted on the rod 108 and are actuated to indicate whether
the locators 19 through 23 are "in" or "out" (as shown).
Referring now to FIG. 10, mounted on the top of the carriage 115 is
a longitudinally extending bar 307 which carries the limit switches
CALFLS CALMLS; CALHLS; CACLLS; CARHLS and CARFLS. In FIGS. 9 and 11
are shown cam bars 309, 310 and 311 disposed above the carriage 115
and arranged to operate the limit switches referred to above.
Also shown in FIG. 11 are the two limit switches DFCLS and DTRLS
associated with cam disc 165 mounted on shaft 163. In FIG. 12 are
shown limit switches DTRLS and DFCLS associated with cam 185A
driven by dresser motor DR.
The various relays and other devices which have not been shown in
the Figures showing the mechanical details of the device, are
mounted in a box 321 mounted under the cabinet panel. Thus the two
stepping switches LX1 and LX2 are rotary switches each having
twelve operating positions and arranged to be moved in a step-like
manner by an internal mechanism from position to position. The
switch LX1 is used to count the number of grinding passes carried
out by the grinding wheel over a pair of skates, and is moved by
pulses applied from the left hand switch CALHLS. The switch
includes a front strip contact LX1-F which is contacted
continuously by a contact Y1, and by a contact X1 except when that
contact is opposite a notch N1. The switch includes a rear strip
contact LX1-R which is contacted continuously by a contact Y2, and
contacted only at certain times by contacts X2, X3 and X4 when they
encounter a lug L1.
The switch LX2 is used as an overall timer to detect any hang-up in
the operation of the machine, and to abort a skate grinding
operation should an excessive time elapse between initiation of a
skate grinding operation and the completion of the operation. It
has twelve steps or positions and its stepping coil LX2 is energize
periodically under the control of contacts TMR/A of the timer TM.
The switch LX2 includes a front contact strip contact LX2-F
continuously contacted by a contact Y3, and by a contact X4 except
when that contact is opposite a notch N2. The switch includes a
rear strip contact LX2-R which is contacted continuously by a
contact Y4, and contacted only at certain times by contacts X5, X6
and X7 when they encounter a lug L2. These contacts X5, X6 and X7
are connected to the skate condition selection switch so that the
time allowed for completion of a skate sharpening operation is
adjusted to suit the number of passes to be carried out on the
skates. This timer sounds an alarm if the operation is not
completed in the permitted time.
The detailed operation of the machine will now be described. The
machine is intended for use at ice rinks, and is intended to be
used by members of the public who require their ice skates to be
sharpened. By operator is meant the person operating the machine,
and it may be assumed that the operator is an unskilled person
following a list of printed instructions provided in a prominent
position on the front of the machine.
The on-off switch SW.1 is put "on" by a member of ice rink staff,
and in this connection in most areas it is not permitted for the
on-off switch to be enclosed in any manner, so it is merely
positioned at the back of the machine where it is not too
accessible to misguided operators. It can if desired be omitted and
the power lead plug used as an "on/off" device. The lid 10 is
suitably biased to the open position shown by a small spring (not
shown), in order to make the method of use of the machine more
clear to potential users. As a result, the door switch DSW is open
and both its contacts DSW/A and DSW/B (see FIG. 17A) are open.
Since DSW/A is open, neither locator motor LOC or arm motor ARM can
be energized, so that the locators 19 through 23 must remain in
their effective positions while the grinding wheel 65 cannot rise
to an effective grinding position.
The operator now places his two skates into the position shown
schematically in FIG. 2 and in more detail in FIG. 8. He then
brings the two toe locator assemblies 31 and 33 inwardly, which
ensures that the two skates are backed up against the center bar
15. When this action is completed, the two toe locator sensing
switches RTSLS and LTSLS are both closed. Up to this point, the
coin mechanism cannot accept coins, since the solenoid CREM is not
energized and therefore the mechanical fingers block the coin
slot.
The operator now sets certain controls 9 (see FIG. 1) and inserts
his coin, typically a quarter. The controls involved include
section switch FHSSW which must be set according to whether the
skates to be sharpened are figure skates or hockey skates. It will
be appreciated that hockey skates are ground along the full length
of the blade, but figure skates include a set of teeth at the toe
end which must not be included in the grinding operation. In view
of the importance of this control, this control is arranged
automatically to reset itself to "Figure" after each grinding
operation is completed, since then no permanent damage can then be
caused if the control is improperly set. This switch has the
contacts or poles FHSSW/A and FHSSW/B, and through these the length
of the blade which is ground is limited if a Figure skate is being
sharpened.
A second control is the skate condition selector switch SCSSW which
has three settings marked respectively "good", "fair" and "poor".
This refers to the present condition of the skates, and ensures
that a good pair of skates shall not be excessively ground, and
that fair and poor pairs of skates will receive an appropriate
amount of additional grinding.
Like most coin-fed mechanisms, the controls 9 includes a "cancel"
coin return switch CASW, and a set of lamps namely lamp OOSILT,
with the legend "OUT OF SERVICE", lamp CRLT with the legend "MONEY
REFUNDED" and lamp CBLT with the legend "OPERATION COMPLETE".
After setting controls FHSSW and SCSSW and inserting his quarter,
the operator closes the lid and from then onwards the operation is
automatic. To prevent the automatic operation of the machine from
being interfered with as a result of interference with the controls
once an operating sequence has begun, the lid 10 is arranged when
closed to cover substantially all the controls. However, the
manually operable Cancel Switch CASW and the three indicator lights
OOSILT, CRLT and CBLT are all exposed so that they are available to
the operator at all times.
The coin mechanism may reject the coin offered to it and this is
carried out by a purely mechanical part of the mechanism, which
passes the coin to a coin return slot without actuating any of the
switches shown and described above. Assuming the coin mechanism
receives and accepts the appropriate coins, then switch PSW will
close and the normal sharpening procedure will commence when the
lid 10 is closed if certain basic conditions are satisfied: the
main switch is closed (contacts SW.1/A and SW.1/B both closed;) the
fault relay not energized (contacts FLTR/A, FLTR/B and FLTR/C in
positions shown);
the lid is shut (door contacts DSW/A and DSW/B both closed);
the dresser relay DR not energized (contacts DR/A in position
shown);
the trip relay not energized (contacts TR/C in the position
shown);
both toe locator assemblies 31 and 33 properly engaged with toes of
skates (limit switches LTSLS and RTSLS both closed);
the carriage in a central position, i.e. with the grinding wheel 65
below the center bar 15 (limit switch CACLLS CLOSED);
dresser in rest position shown (contact DFCLS closed).
When switch PSW closes, it energizes the vend relay VR and this
through its contacts VR/A energizes the lid lock solenoid LLSOL.
This lid lock is of the type which enables the lid to be closed
when the solenoid is energized, but not to be opened once the
solenoid is energized. Thus the energization of the lid lock
solenoid before the lid is actually shut does not prevent closure
of the lid, but of course until the lid is shut the lid switches
DR/A and DR/B remain open and so prevent initiation of a grinding
operation.
Usually the last condition to be satisfied will be the closure of
the lid and thus closure of both switch contacts DSW/A and DSW/B.
Thereupon power is applied (FIG. 17A) through door switch DSW/A and
normally closed contacts CLCLS and CLRR/C to the clamp motor
forward relay CLFR. The contacts of that relay assume their
"energized" positions so that clamp motor CL is energized for
forward operation (see FIG. 17C contacts CLFR/B, CLFR/A, CLFR/D)
and shafts 101 and 102 are rotated to move the actuators 99 and 100
to the left in FIG. 9, so permitting compressing springs 95 to move
the two rods 55 and 61 to the left in FIG. 9. The springs 95 thus
force the four clamps bars 41 through 47 inwardly and, through the
blocks 63 these clamp the two skate blades firmly in position. As
movement of the actuators 99 and 100 is completed, the strip 305
moves to the left so that limit switch CLOLS opens and limit switch
CLCLS closes. With the operation of limit switch CLOLS, the vacuum
cleaning motor VAC is energized, so that extraction and filtering
of dust laden air from near the grinding wheel commences. The timer
relay TMR also is energized, and through its contacts TMR/B
energizes the timer motor TM so that the stepping switch LX2 (used
as a supervisory time control) is rendered operative.
Referring to FIG. 17A, changeover of contacts CLCLS de-energizes
the clamp forward relay CLFR, so that the clamp motor CL stops, and
through contacts LOLS energizes the locator motor LOC. As will be
clear from FIG. 9, rotation of the shaft 111 of this motor moves
the rod 108 to the left, and this causes the locators 17 through 23
to swing from the inserted position shown in FIG. 9 to a retracted
position where they do not lie below the skate blades. As this
movement is completed, pin 306 moves to the left to operate the
contacts of limit switch LILS and LOLS.
The operation of contacts LILS (see FIG. 17B) energizes the
operating coil LR.OC of the locator relay LR, and the closure of
contacts LR/A of this relay energizes the grinder motor GR. Thus
grinding wheel 65 is started up.
The operation of contacts LOLS (see FIG. 17A) de-energizes the
motor LC, and energizes the motor ARM through contacts AOLS and
JOG. Motor ARM drives the shaft 163 and thus the two cams 165 and
167. Cam 167, as mentioned above, acts on a roller 168. Initially,
the cam is in such a position that it holds the roller 168 down to
stop the grinding wheel 65 from rising to an operative position. As
the motor ARM drives the cam, this restraint is removed and the
sub-chassis 127 rocks on shaft 129 so that the grinding wheel 65
rises to contact the superjacent skate blade. The second cam 165
operates the limit switch AOLS when the cam 167 has reached its
limiting position, and as will be seen in FIG. 17A this breaks the
circuit to the motor ARM so stopping that motor.
The operation of contacts LOLS mentioned above, in addition to
energizing the sub-chassis motor ARM, also energizes the carriage
motor start relay CMSR (FIG. 17A), and operates its contacts. Thus
contacts CMSR/B (at the top of FIG. 17B) close, to energize the
carriage forward relay CFR. The operation of the contacts of this
relay, contacts CFR/A, CFR/B and CFR/D (near the bottom of FIG.
17C) energize the carriage motor CA to run in the forward
direction, i.e. the carriage moves to the right in the drawings.
The application of power to the brake winding releases the brake.
The motor CA drives the lead screw 113 which, through the nut
member 125 moves the carriage 115.
Depending upon the setting of the Figure/Hockey selector switch
FHSSW, either limit switch CARFLS or FARHLS will be effective when
operated to break the power supply to carriage forward relay CFR,
so restoring its contacts to the state shown in FIG. 17C. The
removal of power from the brake winding permits the brake spring to
reapply the brake, bringing the carriage to an abrupt stop. Since
the brake is applied only when no power is applied to the carriage
motor CA, the time delay relay CFRTDR is provided to ensure that
the brake will be able to bring the carriage to a complete halt
before power is applied to move the carriage in the opposite
direction. This relay is in shunt with relay CFR, but by the
provision of R3, C3 and D3 does not release as quickly as relay
CFR. By the action of time delay relay CRFTR, a short pause takes
place, after the limit switch operates and after relay CFR applies
the brake BR before the carriage reverse relay is energized.
Once relay CRR is energized, it is held its by it holding circuit
contact CRRTDR/B, and the carriage motor CA is energized and drives
the carriage to the left in FIG. 8, the skate grinding operation
being continued until the carriage reaches a left hand position
determined by whether hockey or figure skates are being ground. The
appropriate limit switch CALFLS or CALHLS is then operated, and the
operation of the selected limit switch effects several
operations:
a signal is provided to the stepper coil of the stepping switch
LX1, the pass counter;
a signal is passed to the wheel dresser ratchet coil RATCH, (FIGS.
10 and 17B) and advances the dresser towards the wheel axis by a
set amount
the carriage motor CA is stopped;
the brake BR is applied;
the time delay relay CRRTDR remains energized for a short time and
delays operation of the motor forward relay CFR:
relay CFR is later energized, starting the carriage motor CA
running in the forward direction and releasing the brake BR;
the carriage moves to the right in FIG. 8.
When the carriage is at the central position shown in FIG. 8, the
carriage center limit switch CACLLS is operated, and what happens
then depends upon how the skate condition selector switch SCSSW has
been set. If it was set to the "good" setting, so that only one
grinding pass is required, then the stepping switch contact strip
LX1-R will be at such a position that contact X2 will be connected
to contact Y2 through the strip contact, and the trip relay
operating coil TR/OC will be energized to operate that relay. By
the operation of the contacts of that relay, several things
happen:
the carriage motor CA is stopped, so that its brake is applied and
the carriage brought to rest in its central position;
the vend relay trip coil is energized;
release of this relay through its various contacts releases the lid
lock solenoid and the coin release solenoid CREM;
through trip relay contacts TR/B and switch ACLS the arm motor ARM
is energized and this motor brings down the sub-chassis 127
carrying the grinding wheel 65 to a non-operative position;
when the sub-chassis reaches its lowest position, the switch ACLS
changes its state and the motor arm is de-energized and the dresser
motor DR is energized.
The grinding wheel 65 is still being driven, and the dresser motor
swings the dressing tool 143 over the profile of the rotating wheel
to dress it. The amount of material removed is determined by the
amount the dressing tool has been advanced by the dresser ratchet
RATCH.
At this point is is convenient to consider what would have happened
if the skate condition selector switch had been set to "fair" or to
"poor". In either of those cases, the trip relay would not have
operated when the carriage reached its center position, and the
grinding wheel 65 would have carried out a second grinding
operation first on the right-hand skate, and then on the left-hand
skate. Eventually the carriage would have come back to the central
position for the second time, but this time the pulse received from
the left-hand limit switch would have moved the stepping switch LX1
so that the contact X3 would have been engaged by the lug L1. If
the selector switch was set to "fair", this would have initiated
the operation of the trip relay already described above. However,
this time, the dresser ratchet would have received a second pulse
(from the left-hand limit switch) so that a larger amount of
dressing of the grinding wheel would take place. If the selector
switch was set to "poor", again the trip relay would not have been
operated, and a third skate grinding operation would have taken
place, to be terminated when contact X4 engaged lug L1. In that
case, the dresser ratchet RATCH would have received three impulses
from the left-hand limit switch, giving a still larger amount of
dressing to the grinding wheel 65.
During the dressing operation, after the first few degrees of
rotation of the crank disc 185 from the full cycle position of FIG.
12, the limit switch DTRLS is operated, and this operates the trip
relay release coil TR/RC. The dresser motor is then operating under
control of the full cycle limit switch DFCLS. After the dresser
tool 143 has swung across the profile of the grinding wheel and
returned to its original position, the limit switch DFCLS will
operate. This stops the dresser motor DR, and at the same time
energizes the locator motor LOC which operates to move the locators
19 through 23 back into place below the blades of the skates. When
this action is completed, the limit switch LILS operates to
de-energize the locator motor LOC and to energize the clamp release
relay CLRR which, through its contacts shown in FIG. 17C energizes
the clamp motor CL so that it operates to release the clamps which
hold the skates in place. This operation of the clamp motor ceases
as the clamp-open limit switch CLOLS is operated, and stops both
the timer TMR and the vacuum cleaner motor VAC. This action of
switch CLOLS also energizes the release coils DR/RC and LR/RC of
the dresser and locator relays. Operation of the dresser relay
through contacts DR/A releases the lid lock solenoid LLSOL.
Following operation of the limit switch CLOLS, a pulse is applied
to the solenoid FHSW.SOL, which operates mechanically on the
selection switch FHSSW to return it automatically to the "figure"
setting. A pulse is applied to the cash box solenoid to release
money to the cash box, and the "operation complete" light CBLT is
energized. A holding circuit through contacts DSW/B keeps this
light on until the lid 11 is raised.
The skates have now been ground; the grinding wheel has been
dressed; the skates have been freed; the lid lock is released; the
coins stored in the escrow unit have been transferred to the cash
box; and the operator can open the lid and remove the sharpened
skates.
It will be appreciated that, in order to facilitate servicing of
the machine, a number of electrical controls are provided which are
not involved in normal operation of the apparatus. Thus the various
JOG switches and the kicker relay are provided for the assistance
of a serviceman in moving the various parts during maintenance and
repair. Since the present is a description of the manner of
operation, rather than of maintenance and repair, no detailed
discussion of the use of these other items appears necessary.
However, for completeness it is mentioned that if, for example, the
carriage should overrun so that one of the "maximum" limit switches
CALMLS and CARMLS is operated, then this establishes a circuit
which energizes the fault trip relay FLTTR, which in turn through
its contacts energizes the trip relay TR which, as described above
in connection with the termination of a skate grinding operation,
bring the grinding wheel down out of contact with the skates and
closes down the operation, releasing the skates and permitting the
lid 11 to open. It also through its contacts FLTR/B releases the
money in "escrow" to the money return slot, and causes the "money
refunded" light CRLT to be energized.
When the grinding operation is terminated because of a fault
condition, the fault relay is mechanically latched in, and can be
released only by operation of a reset switch RESET shown in FIG.
17C and effective to energize the release coil FLTR/RC of this
relay.
The two stepping switches LX1 and LX2 automatically step-on to a
"home" position when the automatic cycle is completed, and the
timer TM also is reset to zero.
The limit switch WWMLS and the dresser counter RATCH CTR monitor
the amount of dressing which has been carried out on the grinding
wheel. As a result of repeated dressing, the diameter of the wheel
65 decreases, and the counter RATCH CTR is available to a
maintenance engineer and can be read to see how many dressing steps
have been carried out on the wheel. He can then see whether the
dressing wheel is due for replacement. Should for any reason the
dressing wheel not be replaced, and tend to become too small in
diameter, in due course the limit switch WWMLS will become
operates. When this happens, initially nothing unusual happens, and
the skate sharpening operation during which the switch trips is
carried on to completion. However, during the closing down stages
of the skate grinding operation, relay FLTR is energized but not
relay FLTTR. As a result, the next time money is inserted into the
machine and accepted, a circuit is established through contacts
HR-1 (in FIG. 17A) lead Z6, limit switch WWMLS (FIG. 17B), and lead
Z13 to wheel wear relay WWR (FIG. 17C), closing its contact WWR/A
to energize the fault relay FLTR/OC. This sets up the normal fault
close down operation, the money being returned to the operator, the
skates being released, and the out-of-service OOSILT becoming
illuminated.
It will be seen that the skate sharpening machine which has been
described above can be operated by unskilled persons, and subject
to the following of simple if not foolproof operating instructions,
will automatically sharpen a pair of skates to a suitable degree.
Further, it will continue to do this for a considerable period of
time, because of its built-in ability to redress the grinding wheel
automatically in accordance with the amount of work done by the
grinding wheel during a sharpening operation. The machine can
accept and sharpen satisfactorily both Figure and Hockey skates,
and skates of all normally encountered sizes. The unskilled
operator is fully protected against injury during the operating
cycle, and should any fault develop the money in escrow is returned
and the skates in the machine are released and made available to
the operator.
The sharpening is a proper concave sharpening of the blade, and in
the case of blades having (as viewed from the side) a curved edge,
the grinding operation faithfully follows the existing curve.
* * * * *