U.S. patent number 3,734,075 [Application Number 05/167,604] was granted by the patent office on 1973-05-22 for ball projecting device.
Invention is credited to Philip Arthur Staples.
United States Patent |
3,734,075 |
Staples |
May 22, 1973 |
BALL PROJECTING DEVICE
Abstract
The invention relates to a ball projecting arrangement wherein
the balls may be projected from between the adjacent portions of
the peripheries of a pair of wheels located in the same plane and
driven to rotate in opposite directions. The adjacent portions of
the peripheries of the wheels are spaced apart less than the
diameter of a ball to be projected and the arrangement includes a
variable speed ball feed supply mechanism and a variably positioned
and movable deflector plate located between and in front of the
wheels relative to the direction in which the wheels are adapted to
rotate. The positioning of the deflector plate is controlled by a
set of rotating cams.
Inventors: |
Staples; Philip Arthur
(Johannesburg, ZA) |
Family
ID: |
22608032 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/167,604 |
Filed: |
July 30, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
124/78; 124/51.1;
124/49 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
69/406 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
69/40 (20060101); F41b 015/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;124/1,41,49,50,48,3R
;273/26D |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pinkham; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Browne; William R.
Claims
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. A ball projecting arrangement comprising a framework, a pair of
wheels rotatably supported in the same plane on said framework and
spaced apart such that the smallest distance between their
peripheries is less than the diameter of a ball to be projected,
means connected with the wheels to drive the wheels in opposite
directions, means for feeding balls between the wheels from behind
the wheels relative to the exit point of the balls from the wheels,
a pivotally mounted ball deflector plate having a portion thereof
located between and in front of the wheels in the path of balls
projected by the wheels, a rotatable shaft supported on the
framework adjacent the wheels and to one side of the plane of the
wheels, said shaft extending substantially at right angles to a
line extending between the axes of rotation of the two wheels, and
means carried on said shaft operatively associated with the
pivotally mounted deflector plate for causing said deflector plate
to have simultaneous vertical and horizontal movements upon
rotation of said shaft, and said means carried on said shaft
comprising a set of cams.
2. A ball projecting arrangement as claimed in claim 1 in which the
periphery of each wheel is provided with a pneumatic tyre.
3. A ball projecting arrangement as claimed in claim 1 in which the
means for feeding balls comprises a container for balls, an
inclined base to the container, a member at the lower end of the
container, said member being rotatable about an axis substantially
parallel to the base of the container, pockets distributed on the
periphery of the member, each pocket adapted to accommodate a
single ball, and a drive for the member, and a discharge chute
extending from the upper edge of said member to a position between
and behind the wheels relating to the direction of rotation to
which the wheels are adapted.
4. A ball projecting arrangement as claimed in claim 3 in which the
drive for the ball feed mechanism is a variable speed drive.
5. A ball projecting arrangement as claimed in claim 1 in which the
means for feeding the balls comprises a container for balls, an
inclined base to the container, a member rotatably mounted in the
container and at the lower end thereof, said member having pockets
distributed on the periphery threof, each pocket being adapted to
accommodate a single ball, and a discharge chute extending from the
upper region of the container to a position between and behind the
wheels relative to the direction of rotation of the wheels, for
receiving one ball at a time from the member.
6. A ball projecting arrangement as claimed in claim 1 in which the
cams on the shaft are rotatably adjustable relative to each
other.
7. A ball projecting arrangement as claimed in claim 1 in which the
means to drive the wheels include a disc rotatable on the surface
of one of said wheels and a motor connected to the disc, the disc
being adjustable along a radius of the wheel to afford a variable
wheel speed drive.
Description
This invention relates to devices for projecting balls and more
particularly to such devices generally used in the coaching of
ballgames such as tennis, cricket or baseball, for example.
Devices of this type usually make use of a striking or throwing
mechanism to project the balls. In this arrangement difficulty is
encountered in designing a suitable controllable deflection
mechanism. Also, complications and inconveniences arise in
providing a suitable variable feed mechanism, since the ejecting
mechanism must be accurately synchronized with the feed of the
balls thereto.
It is thus the object of this invention to provide a ball
projecting device having a simple arrangement for projecting balls
and a variable feeding and deflecting mechanism.
According to this invention there is provided a ball projecting
arrangement comprising two wheels rotatable in a plane and spaced
apart such that the smallest distance between their peripheries is
less than the diameter of a ball to be projected and means to drive
the wheels in opposite directions.
Further features of the invention provide for both wheels to have
the same diameter and to be driven in unison and for at least one
wheel to have a pneumatic tyre on its circumference.
The invention also provides for a deflecting arrangement for
projected balls comprising a deflector plate mounted for universal
movement and in the path of projection and cams associated with the
plate to provide variable movement thereto.
Further features provide for the cams to be independently driven in
which case the speed of each cam may be varied or to be driven by
the same transmission thus allowance will be made for one cam to be
variably located relative to the others.
Provision is made also for a feed mechanism for a ball projecting
device comprising a container having an inclined base when in use,
a member at the lower end of the container, said member being
rotatable about an axis substantially parallel to the base, pockets
distributed on the periphery of the member, each of which is
adapted to accommodate one ball and a variable drive for the
member, the mechanism being such that a single ball is collected by
each pocket from the bottom of the container and deposited onto a
feed-line at the upper end of the member.
Still further features of the invention will become apparent from
the following description of a preferred embodiment of the
invention.
The embodiment will be described by way of example only and with
reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the device;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view through A--A in FIG. 1;
and
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a ball container having the
feeding mechanism at one end.
In this embodiment of the invention a ball projecting device is
designed to project tennis balls for coaching purposes.
As shown in the accompanying drawings, in which some details have
been left out for clarity, a wheeled framework 1 is adapted to
support two wheels 2 and 3 located in the same horizontal plane and
having equal diameters. The smallest distance between the rims 4 of
the two wheels is less than the diameter of a tennis ball. The
wheels 2 and 3 are rotatable in opposite directions such that a
ball fed into the restricted passage 5 between the two wheels may
be frictionally drawn therein and expelled outwardly.
In this case the wheels 2 and 3 are driven by discs frictionally
engaging the upper surface thereof, but it will be appreciated that
a system of vee-belts and pulleys may be used to obtain the
appropriate drive. An electric motor 6 is pivotally supported by
the frame 1 at the rear end 7 of the motor 6. Its output shaft 8 is
fitted with a disc 9 preferably having a rubber rim. The motor 6 is
located such that the disc 9 will rest on the upper surface 10 of
one wheel 2. It will be understood that since the pivot 11
supporting the motor 6 is off-centre of gravity, the weight of the
motor 6 will bias the disc 9 to bear against the surface 10 of the
wheel 2.
The position of the motor 6 is axially variable by means of a screw
threaded rod 12 projecting through the frame 1 to an operating
handle 13 to facilitate turning. The screw threaded rod 12 engages
a bracket 14 having a complementarily threaded perforation and
slidably mounted on the pivot 11. By varying the axial position of
the motor 6 the disc 9 thereon will be supported on the wheel 2 at
different positions and different speeds will accordingly be
obtained. A variable speed-device for the wheel is thus
provided.
Both wheels 2 and 3 are turned at the same speed and in opposite
directions by discs 15 and 16 respectively forming a bridge across
the passage 5 between the two wheels 2 and 3. Each disc 15 and 16
is secured to a shaft 17 rotatably supported by the frame 1 and
located such that both distances from the centre of a wheel 2 or 3
to the respective disc 15 or 16 are the same. Both discs 15 and 16
are also of the same diameter and preferably fitted with rubber
rims.
It will be appreciated that in order to provide an effective
transmission with discs 15 and 16, as above described, the disc are
preferably located such that their common axis crosses the axes of
the respective wheels 2 or 3. Also the discs must frictionally
engage the upper surface of the wheels and must be biased to press
against said surfaces.
The output shaft of the motor 6 is also provided with a pulley 18
to drive ball-deflecting and feeding mechanisms by means of a belt
and pulley arrangement.
As shown, the pulley 18 on the output shaft 8 drives a second
pulley 19 located on the opposite side of the frame by means of a
belt 20. The second pulley 19 in turn drives a third pulley 21
which has located thereunder an eccentric cam 22. Both the
ball-deflecting and feeding mechanisms are connected to the cam
follower 23 to which reciprocating motion is imparted.
An arm 24 from the follower extends to a ratchet 25 or other simple
direction drive mechanism mounted at one end of a shaft 26
extending horizontally under the restricted passage 5 and at right
angles to an imaginary line connecting the two centres of the
wheels 2 and 3. The shaft 26 is supported by the frame 1 through
anti-friction bearings 27 and projects beyond the restricted
passage 5. The end of the shaft 26 remote from the ratchet 25 has
an adjustable cam 28 supporting the free end 29 of a deflecting
plate 30.
The beam 31 of the frame 1 supporting the two wheels 2 and 3 at
their centres passes under the restricted passage 5 where a pivot
32 for the deflecting plate 30 extends downwardly. A second pivot
33 at right angles to the first supports the deflecting plate 30.
Due to the two pivots 32 and 33 at right angles to each other, the
deflecting plate 30 will be capable of universal movement relative
to the frame 1. The deflecting plate 30 extends from the pivots 32
and 33 outwardly where the free end 29 is supported by the cam 28
at the end of the shaft. The free end 29 is provided with upwardly
projecting wings 34 to direct the projected balls.
The cam 28 therefore provides vertical movement to the deflecting
plate 30. The deflecting plate 30 may be optionally provided with
an adjustable foot 35 bearing on the cam 28 and a friction clutch
allowing the deflecting plate 30 to be set and retained at an angle
to the axis of the passage and in the horizontal plane.
The inward extension 36 of the plate 30 from the pivots 32 and 33
is bifurcated and passes over the shaft 26 where a second cam 37 is
provided thereon. The latter is adapted to interact with the arms
38 of the bifurcation and consequently to provide horizontal
movement to the deflecting plate 30.
Due to the two cams 28 and 37 the plate 30 will therefore be
simultaneously provided with vertical and horizontal movement upon
rotation of the shaft 26. The cam 28 at the end of the shaft 26 is
provided with a friction clutch arrangement so that it may be set
at any angle relative to the other cam 37 to afford a multitude of
different motions to the deflecting plate 30.
In the case where the deflecting plate 30 is provided with a
friction clutch, oppositely disposed and horizontal locating bolts
are adjustably positioned relative to the frame 1. The bolts act
with the outer side of the wings to limit the horizontal movement
of the deflecting plate. Thus, although the cam 37 will provide a
fixed amplitude to the movement of the deflecting plate, the clutch
and bolts will afford a variable amplitude to the free end of the
plate. The plate may even be fixed in a desired position.
The cam follower 23 is also connected to an arm 39 of a bell-crank
lever 40 being part of the feeding mechanism. A shaft 41 separating
the arms 39 and 42 of the bell-crank lever 40 extends through and
is rotatably supported by the frame 1. The arm 42 is releasably
connected to a connecting rod 43 such that an end of the connecting
rod 43 may be located along the length of the arm 42. This affords
a variable stroke to the connecting rod 43.
The connecting rod 43 extends upwardly to a ratchet 44 secured to a
shaft, the opposite end of which is fixed to a circular framework
45 having in this case three spaced C-shaped cups 46 at the
periphery thereof. Each cup 46 is adapted to accomodate a tennis
ball and is shaped such that a ball may be scooped at the lower end
of the framework 45.
The movement of the circular framework 45 is preferably inhibited
by means of a brake associated with the ratchet 44. This prevents
the circular framework 45 from turning further than the increments
provided thereto by the connecting rod 43. The feed of the balls
may thus be more easily controlled by varying said increments, this
being afforded by the variable stroke of the connecting rod 43.
The shaft connecting the ratchet 44 to the circular framework 45
passes centrally through an end 47 of a part-cylindrical container
48 having a substantially horizontal axis. The upper part of the
cylindrical container 48 is absent to allow the insertion of balls
therein. Also, the lower part, being the base 49 of the container,
is preferably inclined towards said end 47. The container 48 is
conveniently made integral with a sheet metal housing 50 for the
ball projecting device.
The upper part of the end 47 of the container 48 has a passage 51
leading into a slide 52 conveniently made from a length of angle
iron. The slide is inclined and leads the balls to the restricted
passage 5. Further, the circular framework 45 rotates parallel to
the end 47 of the container 48.
It will be appreciated that the projecting device, the feeding
mechanism and the deflecting mechanism are all driven by the same
motor 6. Further, the device allows for variations in ball speed,
ball feed and direction of projection. Many combinations are thus
possible and the device may be programmed to suit a particular
player.
In use, the device is prepared by inserting balls in the container
48 and by adjusting the device to a desired angle by means of an
adjustable leg 53. The tilt of the device provides an upward angle
of projection of the balls and a greater angle of inclination of
the base 49 of the container 48.
The motor 6 is then switched on, whereupon the circular framework
45 will be caused to turn. Balls will be scooped at the bottom of
the container 48 by the C-shaped cups 46 and will be dropped into
the passage 51. The balls will roll down the slide 52 and through
the restricted passage 5 to be projected outwardly by the rotating
wheels 2 and 3. The deflector plate 30 may be adjusted so that it
will be cleared by the projected balls or placed in their path in
which case the balls will be deflected.
On passing through the restricted passage 5, the balls will be
squeezed and will be accelerated to the tangential velocity of the
wheels. It will thus be understood that the velocity of projection
will be the tangential velocity added to the velocity gained by the
force provided due to the resiliency of the ball.
Prior to starting the motor it is possible that a ball may be
resting at the bottom of the slide. Due to the low starting torque
of an electric motor, the ball may prevent rotation of the wheels
and consequently of the motor when it is switched on. This may
cause damage to the motor. A safety device is optionally included
in the machine. In one form the device forms part of the slide. The
lowermost portion of the slide is divided from the main part of the
slide to provide a separate member, not shown. The member is
pivotally mounted on the frame and has an adjustable counterweight
depending therefrom. The upper end of the member is prevented from
swinging downwardly and is aligned with the rest of the slide by
means of a stop.
When the wheels are in motion and have gained momentum a ball will
roll down the slide, over the member and will be projected out.
However, when the wheels are stationary, the ball will stop at the
lower end of the member resulting in an imbalance which will cause
the member to tilt and discharge the ball.
It will be appreciated that the above example is not limitative to
the scope of the invention and other mechanisms are possible for
the feed and deflection of the balls. Should hard balls be used
such as cricket balls, the rims 4 of the contrarotating wheels 2
and 3 are fitted with pneumatic tyres which will provide the
desired resiliency. This construction may also be used with
resilient balls.
* * * * *