U.S. patent number 3,733,783 [Application Number 05/193,764] was granted by the patent office on 1973-05-22 for electrostatic precipitator.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Westinghouse Electric Corporation. Invention is credited to Ivan T. Burney.
United States Patent |
3,733,783 |
Burney |
May 22, 1973 |
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR
Abstract
A door latch and safety arrangement for an electrostatic
precipitator is comprised of a spring contact to engage at least
one of the plates of one polarity to thereby connect those plates
to a first grounded terminal of a high voltage power supply when
the door is in place and the latch is in the locked position. A
test button is arranged so that when it is momentarily depressed
and while the latch is locked, the spring contact is also moved
towards the plates that are connected to the second terminal of the
power supply and charged with the other polarity to thus produce an
audible spark indicating the charged condition of the plates. When
the latch is moved to the unlocked position, switch means connected
therewith de-energizes the power supply. Moving the latch to the
unlocked position also moves the spring means to simultaneously
connect together precipitator plates of opposite charges and thus
short circuit the collector cell and eliminate any residual charge
therein.
Inventors: |
Burney; Ivan T. (Pittsburgh,
PA) |
Assignee: |
Westinghouse Electric
Corporation (Pittsburgh, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
22714905 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/193,764 |
Filed: |
October 29, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
96/26; 96/81 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B03C
3/72 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B03C
3/34 (20060101); B03C 3/72 (20060101); B03c
003/66 () |
Field of
Search: |
;55/104,138,139,143,145,149,154,136,137 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Talbert, Jr.; Dennis E.
Claims
I claim as my invention:
1. A door latch and safety arrangement for an electrostatic
precipitator cabinet enclosing a stack of precipitator plates
alternate ones of which are oppositely charged, said arrangement
comprising, a door panel, a latching door handle mounted on said
door and movable from a latching to a non-latching position, a
power supply for charging said plates, means to connect said door
panel to one terminal of said power supply when said door is in the
latching position on said cabinet, spring contact means on said
door adapted to contact at least one of said plates that is to be
charged with the same polarity as the one terminal of said supply
when said door is secured to the cabinet in the latching position,
and means to move said spring contact means also into contact with
at least one of the plates to be charged with the other polarity
when said handle is moved out of the latching position while said
door is still in place on the cabinet and in its latching
position.
2. The invention of claim 1, wherein said spring contact means on
said door is adapted to contact at least one terminal of said power
supply when the door is secured to the cabinet in a latching
position, and additional means being also provided to be operable
to move said spring contact means toward at least one of the plates
to be charged with the other polarity while said door and door
handle are still in place on the cabinet and in the latching
position, said additional means, when operated, providing an
audible indication that said precipitator plates are electrically
charged.
3. The invention of claim 2, wherein the additional means to move
said spring contact means toward at least one of the plates that is
to be charged with the other polarity is a push button which
engages said spring to move the spring toward said plates as the
push button is depressed to thus cause an audible spark to
occur.
4. The invention of claim 1, wherein switch means are provided for
de-energizing said power supply when said door handle is first
moved from the latching position towards the non-latching
position.
5. The invention of claim 2 wherein switch means are provided for
de-energizing said power supply when said door handle is first
moved from the latching position towards the non-latching
position.
6. The invention of claim 2 wherein switch means are provided for
de-energizing said power supply when said door handle is first
moved from the latching position towards the non-latching position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Electrostatic precipitators have long been known in the art of air
purification to provide a much improved means for cleaning the air.
Dust, smoke and other microscopic contaminants from the atmosphere
may be eliminated by first passing both the air and the impurities
through a highly charged ionized field which is created by a
plurality of ionizer wires in the air intake of the precipitator.
Alternate parallel precipitator collector plates are given
respective charges alternate to and the same as that of the ionized
impurities by means of a power supply. Particles passing through
the collector plates will be electrically attracted and held to the
oppositely charged plates where they remain until they are removed
by a cleaning process. The air leaving the precipitator will be
substantially free of such impurities.
It therefore becomes necessary to remove the precipitator collector
cell to obtain access to the collector plates which have a build up
of impurities and a need for cleaning. The requirement arises that
a precipitator should have a built in safety feature which will
insure that any remnant of the 7,000 volt charge maintained in the
collector cell will be dissipated before the user is able to open
the precipitator cabinet door to remove the cell for cleaning.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Prior art schemes such as that found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,438,180 to
Klouda may not be completely adequate in providing a totally safe
precipitator cleaning operation. Although in Klouda the cabinet
door must be in a closed position in order that spring contact
means on the door may contact the precipitator plates to
electrically connect the power supply to the collector cell, no
provisions are made for dissipating any residual charge which might
be remaining in the cell after electrical contact between the power
supply and the precipitator cabinet has been broken.
It would be more desirable that with the power supply de-energized
and before removing the cabinet door, the residual charge remaining
in the cabinet could be eliminated. In the instant invention,
rotating the cabinet door handle to the unlocked position, forces a
spring contact into contact with collector plates of opposite
polarities, one of which is held at a ground potential, thus having
the effect of shorting the plates and grounding out any residual
charge which might remain in the precipitator cell. The cell could
then be safely removed and the plates cleaned.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A door latch and safety arrangement for an electrostatic
precipitator cabinet that encloses a stack of oppositely charged
precipitator plates is disclosed. The latching and safety
arrangement comprises a door panel, a latching door handle which is
mounted on the door panel and is capable of being moved from a
latching to a non-latching position, a power supply for charging
the precipitator plates, and switch means for electrically
energizing the power supply while the door handle is in the
latching position and the door is secured to the cabinet. Spring
contact means are attached to the door panel and are adapted to be
moved into contact with at least one of the precipitator plates
which is to be held at ground potential and is to be charged with
the same polarity as that of the first or grounded terminal of the
power supply while the door handle is in the latching position and
the door is secured to the cabinet. Push button means are provided
on the cabinet door which, when actuated, will move a portion of
the spring contact means also toward the plates to be charged with
the opposite polarity to that of the first terminal of the power
supply while the door handle is in the latching position and the
door is still secured to the cabinet. Since in the latching
position, the spring contact means is also contacting at least one
plate that is to be held at ground potential and is charged with
the same polarity as that of the first power supply terminal,
sparking will occur whenever actuating the push button to move the
spring toward a plate of the opposite charge. This sparking
provides an audible indication that sufficient electrical potential
is being supplied to the plates to enable proper operation of the
precipitator.
When the door handle is moved to the unlatching position but while
the door is still secured to the cabinet, a latching cam mounted on
the door handle shaft will rotate and force the spring contact
means into contact with at least one of the precipitator plates
that is to be charged with an opposite and ungrounded polarity to
that of the first terminal of the power supply. This shorting of
the plates of opposite polarities eliminates the danger of electric
shock by removing any residual charge remaining within the
collector cell, thus making the cabinet electrically safe for
opening.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the electrostatic precipitator with
the cabinet door removed and the collector cell slid forward
exposing the collector plates;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of the door latch and safety
arrangement of this invention with the door handle in the latching
position and the door secured to the cabinet;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary front elevation of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV--IV of FIG. 2;
and
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 but taken from the rear of the
cabinet door and showing the door handle and door latch as they
would appear in the non-latching position.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1, an electrostatic precipitator, such as those
used in the commercial and residential purification of air, is
shown with the cabinet door removed and the collector cell 2 slid
forward to expose the groups of collector plates, shown generally
by 3a and 3b. The respective groups of collector plates 3a and 3b
are electrically connected together in a well known manner, (shown
for example at 5) and are respectively to be oppositely charged by
a power supply 4 which is capable of maintaining a potential in the
order of 7,000 volts DC with collector cell 2 in place. As air
enters the precipitator through an inlet screen (not shown), the
contaminants within the air are charged by ionizer wires 10. As the
charged particles pass between the groups of charged plates 3a and
3b, they will be attracted to and adhere to the plates having an
opposite polarity to that of the charged particles. Clean air,
substantially free from dirt and other contaminants will exit
through outlet screen 11.
To clean the groups of precipitator plates 3a and 3b which is
necessary to maintain proper operation of the precipitator, the
collector cell 2 must be removed. According to the invention, a
safety feature is built into the precipitator door latch mechanism
to insure that before the removal of cabinet door 1, all residual
charge existing in collector cell 2 will be eliminated. This is
accomplished by a door latch and safety arrangement 9 that is
attached to the inside of cabinet door 1 and which will now be
described.
Contact spring means 12, which is preferably a strip of spring
temper steel, is attached to the lower door mounted bracket 18 by
screws 13. Contact spring 12 is double ended, being provided with a
short curved end 14 and a longer straight end 16. A shorting lever
17 is attached to the upper door mounted bracket 19 at pivot 20.
Shorting lever 17 is adapted to be moved about its pivot 20 and
into contact with spring contact means 12 when cam member 22 is
rotated. Cam 22 is secured to the door handle shaft 23 and is
adapted to rotate when the precipitator cabinet door handle (not
shown) is rotated from a latching to a non-latching position.
Attached to handle shaft 23 is a door latch 24 which is also
capable of being moved from a latching to a non-latching position
when the cabinet door handle is rotated in order that cabinet door
1 may be opened and removed. The operation of the door latch and
safety arrangement will be explained hereinafter.
FIG. 2 shows cabinet door 1 as it is secured to the precipitator
cabinet with door latch 24 in the locked position. Rotating cabinet
door handle 26 to the latching position causes door latch 24, which
is secured to door handle shaft 23, to rotate and thereby close
interlocking switch 30 to electrically energize power supply 4.
When door 1 is secured to the precipitator cabinet and door handle
26 is in the latched position, curved end 14 of spring contact
means 12 is adapted to press against at least one of the
precipitator plates 3a that is to be held at ground potential and
charged with the same polarity as the grounded negative terminal of
the power supply. Curved end 14 of spring contact means 12 serves a
dual purpose of pressing against the collector plates to hold
collector cell 2 in position while completing the electrical
circuit between power supply 4 and cabinet door 1.
It may be desirable to test the precipitator to ascertain whether
or not the proper high voltage is being applied to collector cell 2
and that the cell is charged. As shown in FIG. 4, with power supply
4 energized and with cabinet door 1 latched, the curved portion 14
of spring contact means 12 presses against the group of
precipitator plates 3a to be grounded. When it is desired to test
the precipitator, push button means 28 is depressed. Push button 28
extends through hole 25 in door 1 and is attached to the lower end
of shorting lever 17 such that pressing push button 28 (shown
dotted in the depressed position) has the effect of causing
shorting lever 17 to pivot and force straight end 16 of spring
contact means 12 outward toward a precipitator plate 3b having the
high voltage applied thereto which is of an opposite polarity to
that of plate 3a. When approximate contact has been made between
spring member 16, as shown dotted in FIG. 4, the plate 3b, arcing
will occur to result in a short circuit that will be formed between
plates 3a and 3b of opposite polarities. The sparking that will
occur provides an audible indication, whenever push button 28 is
pressed, to confirm that sufficient high voltage is being supplied
to the collector cell 2 and that the precipitator plates are
sufficiently charged to enable proper operation of the
precipitator.
When it becomes necessary to open and remove cabinet door 1 to
obtain access to collector cell 2 for cleaning, cabinet door handle
26 must be rotated to the non-latching position as shown in FIGS. 2
and 3 in the counterclockwise direction shown by arrow 29. The
rotating of handle 26 will also cause door latch 24 to rotate and
disengage from interlocking switch 30. Switch 30 which also serves
as the on-off switch for the precipitator, will open and thereby
electrically de-energize power supply 4. However, before door 1 can
be removed, any residual high voltage charge should be removed from
collector cell 2 to insure the safety of a user handling the cell.
With door 1 still secured to the cabinet, door handle 26, when
fully rotated to the non-latching position as shown by FIG. 5, will
cause cam 22, which is attached to door handle shaft 23, to also
rotate in the same counterclockwise direction 31 as that of handle
26. Cam 22, when rotated, engages shorting lever 17 and forces it
to pivot (in a direction shown by arrow 27 of FIG. 2) about pivot
point 20 thereby bending straight end 16 of spring contact means 12
outwardly until straight end 16 is brought into contact with the
edges of the collector cell high voltage plates 3b. Thus, when the
cabinet door 1 is closed and handle 24 is moved to the non-latching
position of FIG. 5, curved end 14 of spring contact means 12 will
be in contact with the collector plates 3a at ground potential
while, at the same time, the straight end 16 of spring contact 12
is in contact with the collector cell plates of the opposite
potential. Therefore, the spring contact means 12 will form a short
circuit between plates of opposite polarities and act as a high
voltage discharge to ground for any residual charge remaining in
the collector cell whenever door handle 26 is rotated to the
unlatched position but while the door 1 is still closed. Cabinet
door 1 may now be opened and removed, as the collector cell 2 has
been conditioned for an electrically safe removal.
It should be understood that with door handle 26 and door latch 24
in the unlatched position, the straight end 16 of spring contact
means 12 will be in the same position for contacting the high
voltage collector plates 3b (in FIG. 4) as if push button 28 were
pressed. Push button 28 is designed to be pressed with handle 26
and door latch 24 in the latched position and with power supply 4
being energized and in the completed circuit to cabinet door 1.
Consequently, since curved spring end 14 is also contacting the
plates 3a held at ground potential, arcing will occur each time
push button 28 is depressed. When handle 26 and door latch 24 are
moved fully to the non-latching position, but before cabinet door 1
is removed, power supply 4 will be de-energized and spring contact
means 12 will provide a high voltage discharge to ground by the
short formed between plates 3a and 3b of opposite polarities. The
handle 26 and the door latch 24 may be provided with detent means
at an intermediate position where the on-off switch 30 will be in
the off position. Thus the handle may also function as the on-off
control for the precipitator.
The door latch and safety arrangement of this invention can
therefore be made to provide an electrically safe means for
removing and cleaning the collector cell or can provide an audible
indication to the user that sufficient charge is being applied to
the collector plates to enable the precipitator to properly
function in cleaning the air.
Various modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. For
example, the push button is shown in FIG. 4 to be attached to the
shorting lever, but it obvously could be arranged in different
manners to engage the spring contact for the purpose intended.
* * * * *