U.S. patent number 3,732,939 [Application Number 05/110,053] was granted by the patent office on 1973-05-15 for runner shoe for snowmobile.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Bombardier Limited. Invention is credited to Jean-Paul Samson.
United States Patent |
3,732,939 |
Samson |
May 15, 1973 |
RUNNER SHOE FOR SNOWMOBILE
Abstract
The disclosure herein describes a runner blade adapted to be
secured to the underface of a snowmobile ski; the blade consists of
a longitudinal rigid member with spaced-apart bolts secured on its
upper part for fastening the blade to the ski and with a groove
longitudinally extending in its lower part and receiving a
plurality of adjacent pieces of cemented carbide. Each carbide has
its upper faces brazed to corresponding faces in the groove and its
lower faces defining a cutting edge extending below the rigid
member and adapted to cut into the icy surface over which the
snowmobile runs; a preferred carbide is a tungsten carbide known
under the trademark "Carboloy." In providing increased steering
control to the skis, an important safety feature is now added to
the snowmobile; furthermore, such a construction greatly simplifies
the assembling of the blade to the ski and offers a sturdier
assembly to oppose lateral forces exerted on the blade.
Inventors: |
Samson; Jean-Paul (Valcourt,
Quebec, CA) |
Assignee: |
Bombardier Limited (Valcourt,
Quebec, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
22330991 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/110,053 |
Filed: |
January 27, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
280/28;
D12/7 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B62B
17/02 (20130101); B62M 2027/025 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B62B
17/02 (20060101); B62B 17/00 (20060101); B62m
027/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;280/28,11.18
;180/5R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Friaglia; Leo
Assistant Examiner: Song; Robert R.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A runner blade for use in a snowmobile ski comprising a
longitudinally extending rigid member having vertically opposed top
and bottom faces; fastening means fixedly mounted on the top face
of said member for fastening said member to said ski; said member
having a longitudinally extending groove in said bottom face
thereof; and a plurality of longitudinally aligned adjacent pieces
of cemented carbide material intermediately disposed in said bottom
face; each of said cemented carbide material having upper faces
fixedly secured in said groove and having lower faces extending
downwardly beyond the bottom of said rigid member, the lower edges
of the said lower faces being aligned with each other and tapering
downwardly and inwardly towards each other to form an essentially
continuous sharp ground engaging cutting edge parallel to the axis
of said ski and spaced below the remainder of the rigid member.
2. A runner blade as defined in claim 1 wherein said groove extends
to the front end portion of said rigid member and wherein an
additional cemented carbide material is secured in said groove at
said front end portion, said additional piece of cemented carbide
material having upper faces conforming to said groove and a flat
lower surface.
3. A runner blade as defined in claim 2 wherein said groove is
V-shaped, said cemented carbide material is a tungsten carbide and
wherein the upper faces thereof are brazed to said V-shaped
groove.
4. A runner blade as defined in claim 1 wherein said pieces of
cemented carbide material have a length of about 1 inch long and a
width of about one-eighth of an inch to about three-sixteenths of
an inch.
5. In a ski assembly mounted at the front end of a snowmobile for
the steering movement thereof, a ski having a top surface, a
ground-contacting bottom surface and a downwardly recessed central
portion extending longitudinally of said ski, said central portion
having at spaced intervals thereon a plurality of apertures
extending therethrough, a runner blade adapted to be fastened
longitudinally in abutment with the bottom surface of said ski,
said runner blade including a longitudinally extending rigid member
having upwardly bent end potions extending through two apertures of
said plurality of apertures, said member having vertically opposed
upper and lower faces, serially aligned fastening means fixedly
mounted on the upper face of said rigid member and each extending
through the remaining apertures of said plurality of apertures,
said member having a longitudinally extending groove in said lower
face thereof, a plurality of adjacent pieces of cemented carbide
material, each having upper faces fixed in said groove and
generally conforming thereto and lower faces extending below said
member and defining a continuous cutting edge parallel to the axis
of said ski.
6. In a ski assembly as defined in claim 5 wherein said ski is
supported by a ski leg having one end attached to the ski and the
other end attached to the front end of the snowmobile, said ski leg
having a longitudinal axis prolonging through said continuous
cutting edge, thereby dividing said edge in a front end portion and
a rear end portion, said front end portion having a length
substantially smaller than that of said rear end potion, said front
end portion facilitating steering of said ski while said rear end
portion providing a rudder effect to stabilize said snowmobile when
travelling on ice covered surfaces.
7. In a ski assembly as defined in claim 6 wherein said groove
extends to the front end portion of the member and wherein an
additional piece of cemented carbide material is secured in said
groove at said front end portion and is provided with upper faces
conforming to said groove and a flat lower surface.
8. In a ski assembly as defined in claim 7 wherein said cemented
carbide material is a tungsten carbide and wherein said
longitudinally extending member is generally circular in
cross-section except for its generally flat front and rear end
portions, said member being made of mild steel.
9. In a ski assembly as defined in claim 6 wherein said front and
rear end portions of said cutting edge have a ratio of about 40
percent and 60 percent respectively.
10. In a ski assembly as defined in claim 6 wherein said carbide
elements have a length of about 1 inch long and a width of about
one-eighth of an inch to about three-sixteenths of an inch.
11. A runner blade as defined in claim 4 wherein said pieces of
cemented carbide are of square cross-section and wherein the edge
of each piece received in said groove and disposed opposite the
cutting edge includes a flat portion to ensure proper seating in
said groove.
12. In combination, a snowmobile ski and a runner blade therefor,
said runner blade comprising a longitudinally extending rigid
member having vertically opposed top and bottom faces; fastening
means for fixedly connecting said rigid member to the ski, said
rigid member having a longitudinally extending groove in said
bottom face thereof; and a plurality of longitudinally aligned
adjacent pieces of cemented carbide material having upper faces
generally conforming to said groove and being fixed therein; and
having lower faces extending below said member, the lower edges of
said lower faces being aligned with each other and tapering
downwardly and inwardly towards each other to form an essentially
continuous sharp ground engaging cutting edge parallel to the axis
of the ski and spaced below the remainder of the rigid member.
Description
This invention relates to an improved ski assembly for use in a
snowmobile; more particularly, this invention pertains to an
improved runner blade adapted to be secured to the underface of a
snowmobile ski.
Driving a snowmobile has become a popular sport and its popularity
is continuously increasing; however, the accidents occurring in
conjunction with this type of vehicle have also increased quite
drastically. It has been found that one of the major causes for
snowmobile accidents has been the failure of the snowmobile to
quickly respond to a turn of the skis in hard snow or on icy
surfaces: the snowmobile simply continues to move onward with the
skis sliding sideways until they come in proper gripping engagement
with the terrain; only then is adequate steering possible. Another
cause for accidents is the lack of any means to steady the
snowmobile when travelling on icy surfaces especially those
inclined where the snowmobile tends to skid along the slope. An
improved ski to prevent the above risks in practising this sport is
therefore greatly needed.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved ski
runner which will enable a snowmobile, especially when travelling
on icy surfaces, to effect an immediate turn and to remain steady
and maintain directional stability.
At present, the runner mounted on the ski of a snowmobile consists
in a longitudinally disposed circular cross-section element made of
spring steel and having its opposite end portion upwardly bent and
received in two apertures longitudinally spaced along the axis of
the ski element. A third aperture disposed between the other two
receives a bolt centrally disposed on the runner. For assembling
the runner onto the ski element, the runner is temporarily bent
into an arc and its end portions are inserted into the apertures of
the ski. Upon release, the runner returns to its rectilinear form
and its ends become confined to the ski. Finally, the intermediate
portion of the runner is secured to the ski by means of a bolt. The
ground engaging surface of the ski is designed to provide the
snowmobile with optimum gripping action in soft or hard snow and on
ice. However, lateral forces exerted by the terrain on the runner
when the snowmobile is travelling at high speed, cause the ski
runner to often break or, in most cases, to be at least
longitudinally distorted. One obvious immediate alternative is to
increase the diameter of the runner; however, this renders the
flexing operation required during assembly of the runner to the ski
most difficult and practically impossible, especially when the
replacement is made in the field. Another disadvantage of present
runners is that since they are brittle and wear easily when in
contact with abrasive material such as dirt and sand, often
encountered on icy surfaces, they must be replaced quite
frequently, especially in snowmobile races where the snowmobile ski
is constantly subjected to severe ground impact.
It is therefore another object of this invention to provide an
improved runner which has increased strength to resist wear and
lateral forces and where the flexing operation previously required
during the assembling of the runner to the ski is eliminated but
where a still very tight connection with the ski is provided.
The present invention involves a runner blade for use in a
snowmobile ski which comprises a longitudinally extending member
having vertically opposed top and bottom faces; fastening means
fixedly mounted on the top face of the member for fastening the
member to the ski, the member having a longitudinally extending
groove in the bottom face thereof; and a plurality of adjacent
pieces of cemented carbide material having upper faces generally
conforming to the groove and fixed therein and having lower faces
extending below the member, defining a continuous cutting edge
parallel to the axis of said ski.
To construct the ski with a blade having a run of cemented carbides
projecting downward beyond the surrounding portions of the
longitudinal member provides a bearing surface which helps to
stabilize the snowmobile on icy surfaces. It has been found that
the front portion of this bearing surface facilitates turning of
the skis while the rear portion provides a rudder effect to steady
the snowmobile during its travel. It has also been found that front
and rear portions of the run are determined by the prolongation of
the axis of the ski leg and that, for optimum results, the length
of the front portion of the run should be smaller than the length
of the rear portion thereof.
The inventor has also found that an unexpectedly high improvement
is obtained if the cemented carbide is a tungsten carbide such as,
for example, the one known under the trademark "Carboloy."
Preferably, these pieces of tungsten carbide are brazed onto the
groove.
The following is a description by way of example of one embodiment
of the present invention, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a side perspective view of a ski embodying a runner blade
made in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the ski element without the runner
blade;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along lines
3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along lines 4--4
of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along lines 5--5
of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the rear end portion
of the ski shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of the runner blade of the
present invention;
FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the runner blade shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along lines 9--9
of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along lines
10--10 of FIG. 7;
FIG. 11 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along lines
11-11 of FIG. 8;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged fragmented cross-sectional view taken along
lines 12--12 of the runner blade shown in FIG. 8; and
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the ski leg in relation to the
runner blade and is shown on the sheet illustrating FIG. 1.
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown a snowmobile ski assembly
14 consisting of a ski 16 carried by a leaf spring assembly 18; the
ski assembly 14 is pivotally mounted at the front end of the
snowmobile and underneath the body structure 20 thereof by means of
a ski leg 22 which has its upper end connected to the steering
linkage (not shown) of the snowmobile. There are usually two of
these ski assemblies mounted in laterally spaced relation
supporting the front end of the snowmobile; however, some
snowmobiles are steered with only one ski, centrally disposed at
the front thereof. The snowmobile being track propelled, ski
elements 16 provide the steering movement thereof.
Referring to FIGS. 2-6, the ski 16 consists of a generally flat
longitudinal rigid member with an upwardly bent front portion 24.
The ski 16 has a ground-engaging undersurface 26 and an upper
surface 28; these surfaces are generally flat except for a recessed
central portion 30 which defines two outer lateral side walls 32
and 34 which contribute to the directional stability in loose snow.
A series of aligned rounded projections 35, 36 and 37 extend in the
central portion 30 and are each provided with holes 38, 39 and 40,
respectively. Two elongated openings 42 and 44, are further
provided in the central portion on opposite sides of the series of
rounded projections. Referring more particularly to FIG. 4, lower
surface 26 acts as a bearing surface for the ski when in soft snow,
whereas on hard snow or ice covered surfaces, only the lower
surface 35 of the central portion 30 would contact the ground if it
were not for the addition of a runner blade.
As is well known in the art, a runner blade (or runner shoe as it
is often referred to in the trade) is essential. Its function is
two-fold; first it provides directional stability in hard packed
snow and icy surfaces and, secondly, it practically eliminates
abrasion of the ski. In FIG. 1, a runner blade 45 is shown mounted
underneath the ski in longitudinal abutment with its
undersurface.
Referring more particularly to FIGS. 7-12, the runner blade 45
first consists of a longitudinally extending rigid member 46,
preferably circular and made of mild steel. A series of bolts 50,
51, 52 longitudinally aligned are secured on the upper face 48 of
the rigid member 46; these bolts are secured thereon by having the
respective head portions 54 (see FIG. 9) received in a
correspondingly shaped recess 56 and fixed therein by a weld 59. It
is to be noted that blade 45, shown in the present drawings, is one
which is to be preferably mounted on a snowmobile used principally
for racing; therefore, on standard snowmobiles, less than three
fastening bolts may be used. The lower face 60 of the rigid member
46 is provided with a groove 62 which is shown having an inverted
V-shape in FIG. 10, but which may have any other suitable
configuration. The runner blade 45 further consists of a plurality
of identically shaped pieces 64 of cemented carbide secured in
groove 62. Instead of having one long piece of cemented carbide, it
is preferable to have a series of pieces of this material in
adjacent disposition in the groove to diminish the chances of
breaking. The cemented carbides 64 are of square cross-section and
have their upper inclined faces 66 and 68 brazed to the inner faces
70 and 72 of the V-groove 62. Should the root of the V-groove be
slightly rounded due to normal wear of the cutting tool, the
carbide elements may be provided with a slight "flat" on one edge
to ensure proper seating in the groove. The bottom portions of the
cemented carbides 64 have their outer faces 74 and 76 extending
downwardly beyond the lower face 60 of the rigid member 46 and
defining a continuous cutting edge 71 parallel to the longitudinal
axis of the ski; they provide a horizontal run intermediately
disposed underneath the ski and serve as a bearing surface for the
front end of the vehicle when travelling on ice covered surfaces.
Referring to FIG. 13, there is shown an axis 65 which is the
longitudinal axis of the inclined ski leg 22; the prolongation of
this axis extends through the cutting edge 71 of the runner blade
dividing the cutting edge into a front portion 67 and a rear
portion 69. The front portion 67 of the cutting edge 71 assists in
turning the skis; the rear portion 69 of the cutting edge 71
provides a rudder effect which enables the ski to maintain a steady
position in its line of travel. Optimum results are obtained if the
length of the front portion 67 is smaller than that of the rear
portion 69. The ratio of front and rear portions must be determined
by trial and error because of numerous factors such as length of
the skis, loading of the skis, speed, etc. In one embodiment used
successfully for racing purposes, a ratio of 40 percent and 60
percent for the front and rear portions respectively was found
suitable.
Referring to FIGS. 7, 8 and 11 where the illustrated construction
is one which is required for a snowmobile principally used for
racing, an additional piece of cemented carbide 78 of triangular
cross-section is also brazed in the front end section of groove 62
with its upper faces 77 and 79 conforming with the shape of the
groove; this additional piece of cemented carbide which is deprived
of a cutting edge, is inserted in the groove only to protect the
surrounding portion of the lower face 60 of the rigid member 46
from excessive wear; this additional carbide may not be required on
standard snowmobiles. Furthermore, to increase the wear resistance
of these carbides, piece 78 and the first piece 64' of the series
of carbides 64, are both provided with inclined front walls 80 and
82, respectively. The sizes of the cemented carbide elements are
not too critical. The elements should be relatively short, of the
order of 1 inch, and their side faces from about one-eighth of an
inch to about three-sixteenths wide. The shape of their upper half
may also differ from that shown in FIG. 9 so long as it conforms to
the groove of the rod. The V-groove, however, is very easy to make
and square carbide elements may be stock components.
It has been found that a very hard cemented carbide suitable for
use on snowmobiles is one known under the trademark "Carboloy"
which is a tungsten carbide and an extremely hard alloy.
Another important aspect of the present invention is the easiness
of assembling the runner blade 45 to the ski 16. As previously
mentioned, the prior assembling operation consisted in curving by
flexing the runner blade so that its opposite end portions could be
inserted into slots (similar to slots 42 and 44 described above)
which were separated from one another a distance smaller than that
separating the end portions of the runner shoe. However, in the
present case, to assemble the runner blade to the ski element, no
longitudinal bending of the runner shoe 46 is required: the
assembly is effected by first entering the front end portion 84 of
the runner shoe through slot 44 so that it may bear on the inside
surface of the central portion 30. The rear end portion 86 is then
inserted through slot 42, thereby effecting the insertion of bolts
50, 51 and 52 through holes 38, 39 and 40 respectively, the rounded
projections 35, 36 and 37 receiving the associated welds 57, 58 and
59. The runner shoe is then fastened to the ski element by securing
means such as nut 88 and washer 90. The ski element thus formed in
one which will provide greater resistance to lateral forces exerted
thereon. The chances of having a runner blade which will become
distorted, are greatly reduced because of the presence of separate
pieces adjacent one another and the easiness with which a runner
blade may be replaced in the eventuality that such a blade would
become defective, now enables the snowmobiler himself to replace
such damaged blade at home or in the field; furthermore, in
snowmobile races, this change may now be effected very quickly.
While the invention as been described above, only in relation to
one specific form of the invention, persons skilled in the art will
be aware that it may be refined and modified in various ways
without departing from its scope. We therefore wish to have it
understood that this invention is not to be limited in
interpretation except by the terms of the following claims.
* * * * *