U.S. patent number 3,730,605 [Application Number 05/200,930] was granted by the patent office on 1973-05-01 for interchangeable side panel and the like for modular furniture.
Invention is credited to Robert Lewis Eckard.
United States Patent |
3,730,605 |
Eckard |
May 1, 1973 |
INTERCHANGEABLE SIDE PANEL AND THE LIKE FOR MODULAR FURNITURE
Abstract
Modular furniture has a vertical side panel with a plurality of
drawer runners so spaced and designed that drawers of different
depths may interchangeably be supported by the panel when
incorporated in a cabinet. Further, the panel does not come in
right and lefthand members when applied to the outside of a cabinet
but instead is interchangeably used on either side of the
cabinet.
Inventors: |
Eckard; Robert Lewis (Hickory,
NC) |
Family
ID: |
22743784 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/200,930 |
Filed: |
November 22, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
312/265.5;
211/184; 312/126; 312/351; 312/350 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47B
67/04 (20130101); A47B 88/90 (20170101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47B
67/04 (20060101); A47B 88/00 (20060101); A47B
67/00 (20060101); A47b 043/00 (); A47b 088/00 ();
A47f 003/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;312/357,357.4,308,309-311,330,323,348,119,122,351 ;211/184 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,196,050 |
|
Jun 1970 |
|
GB |
|
489,233 |
|
Jul 1938 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Gilliam; Paul R.
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. A panel for installation as a vertical member in a modular
cabinet or the like having a surface with a plurality of
substantially parallel equally vertically spaced horizontal drawer
guides;
each drawer guide having upper and lower surfaces which are
respectively the mirror image of the other; and
each such surface having a coplanar front and a rear horizontal
support portion, a central tapered part which gradually slopes
inwardly of the guide from the rear support portion, and a
substantially vertical face connecting said tapered part to the
rear of said front support surface.
2. A panel according to claim 1 wherein said surface is of one
sheet of formed material supported on a frame.
3. A panel according to claim 2 wherein said material is polyvinyl
chloride.
4. A modular cabinet comprising
a top panel, a bottom panel, and right and left side panels that
can be interchanged with each other;
means connecting said panels into a generally rectangular cabinet
with the right and left side panels substantially vertical;
each of said side panels having a surface with a plurality of
substantially parallel equally vertically spaced horizontal drawer
guides;
each drawer guide having upper and lower surfaces which are
respectively the mirror image of the other;
each such surface having a coplaner front and a rear horizontal
support portion, a central tapered part which gradually slopes
inwardly of the guide from the rear support portion to a
necked-down site at the rear of the front support portion, and a
substantially vertical face at said site connecting said tapered
part to said rear of the front support surface;
the side panel surfaces being opposed to each other and facing
inwardly of the cabinet; and
the front and rear horizontal support portions on said right and
left side panel surfaces being substantially in on horizontal
plane.
5. A cabinet according to claim 4 further comprising a drawer with
a runner extending from either side and supported on an opposed
pair of said left and right support panel guides.
6. A cabinet according to claim 5 wherein the distance from the
drawer top to the bottom of the said runner is about the nominal
vertical spacing of said guides multiplied by an integer.
7. A cabinet according to claim 4 having a plurality of drawers of
different depths to slide on said guides,
each drawer having a runner extending from either side and
supported on said left and right support panel guides.
8. A cabinet according to claim 7 wherein the distance from each
drawer top to the bottom of the said runner is about the vertical
spacing of said guides multiplied by an integer.
9. A cabinet according to claim 7 wherein each of said side panels
has a back groove extending vertically along the back end of the
guides; and
a back panel fitted in said grooves.
10. A cabinet according to claim 4 wherein each of said side panels
has a back groove extending vertically along the back end of the
guides; and
a back panel fitted in all of said grooves.
11. A modular cabinet according to claim 4 wherein said top and
bottom panels are interchangeable.
12. A modular cabinet according to claim 4 further including a
vertical partition intermediate said side panels and constructed
and arranged with drawer guides as on the side panels and opposed
pairs of ribs on the top and bottom panels in which said partition
is supported.
Description
SUMMARY AND BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
This invention relates to improvements in modular furniture
construction. One aspect of the invention relates to improvements
in cabinet construction. Another aspect of the invention relates to
improvements of vertical panels such as the side or intermediate
vertical panels and upon which one or more drawers or shelves may
be supported within the cabinet.
Modular furniture construction incorporates the concept of using
standard parts to fit together items of furniture adapted for a
particular situation. For example, the present invention deals with
cabinet construction, or case goods as they are sometimes called in
the furniture trade, where it may be desired to provide a variety
of cabinets with various drawer depths, shelf spacing and the like.
The cabinets are composed of standard components such as tops,
sides, bottoms, etc.
The present invention enhances the commonality of parts by
providing a unique panel construction that is interchangeable
between the right and left sides of a cabinet. Many features of
this panel construction can and in some instances must be
incorporated in partitions or intermediate vertical cabinet walls,
e.g., means are provided to support drawers and shelves in
horizontal positions regardless of whether the panel is on the
right or left side.
The design of drawer guides or runners contributes greatly to this
commonality and interchangeability. This has the advantage and
feature of reducing the number of parts required for a given
cabinet construction and in the present instance to permit the use
of a variety of drawer or tray depths in the cabinet. At the same
time, a drawer stop is provided on each runner so that a drawer
cannot be accidentally pulled all the way out of the cabinet
without first being temporarily restrained.
According to the present invention a modular cabinet would comprise
a top panel, a bottom panel, and right and left side panels and
four interlocking corners that can be interchanged with each other,
means connecting said panels into a generally rectangular cabinet
with the right and left side panels substantially vertical; each of
said side panels having a surface with a plurality of substantially
parallel equally vertically spaced horizontal drawer guides; each
drawer guide having upper and lower surfaces which are respectively
the mirror image of the other; and each such surface having a
coplanar front and a rear horizontal support portion, a central
tapered part which gradually slopes inwardly of the guide from the
rear support portion to a necked-down site at the rear of the front
portion, and a substantially vertical face at said site connecting
said tapered part to said rear of the front support surface; the
side panel surfaces being opposed to each other and facing inwardly
of the cabinet; and the front and rear horizontal support portions
on both side panel being substantially in one plane.
Other advantages, features, and objects of the invention will
become apparent from the reading of the following detailed
description, the claims, and the drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a cabinet (with drawers)
embodying the invention;
FIG. 2 shows an assembled cabinet similar to FIG. 1 but having a
partition;
FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C respectively are the inside, front and outside
views of a side panel for the cabinets of FIGS. 1 and 2 showing the
guides and back grooves;
FIGS. 4A and 4B are respectively the front and right side views (as
seen from the cabinet front) of a partition as used in the cabinet
of FIG. 2, the left being as in FIG. 3A;
FIG. 5 is a cutaway side partial cross-section view of a typical
drawer; and
FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a typical top and bottom panel suitable
fro use in the FIG. 2 cabinet.
In FIGS. 1 and 2 are illustrated an assembled modular cabinet 1
having a top 2, bottom 2, right and left side panels 3, a back 4, a
plurality of drawers 5 of different depths, and a partition 7. The
cabinet may be mounted on a base member 9. The top and bottom 2 are
interchangeable with each other. In FIGS. 1 and 2 the right and
left sides 3 are respectively interchangeable with each other. The
drawers are interchangeable to the extent that drawers of different
depths can be located anywhere due to the unique cooperative design
of the drawers and spacing of the drawer support means on the
sides. The top, bottom and sides are held together at the corner by
a suitable joining member 10 preferably constructed as shown in the
copending application of Inmon and Sanderford for a "Structural
Joint" Ser. No. 39,733, filed May 22, 1970 now U.S. Pat. No.
3,688,458 and its corresponding French Pat. No. 71.18407, filed May
21, 1971, granted Nov. 22, 1971 which is incorporated herein.
Rivets 11 on the top, bottom and sides engage the Structural Joint.
The present invention can, of course, be used on panels and cabinet
constructions of different types, e.g., it could be formed of wood
and secured to a wooden panel in a wooden cabinet.
The sides or vertical panel members 3 each have a surface 14 facing
toward the inside of the cabinet with means 15 for supporting the
drawers. Actually, these means 15 consist of a plurality of
substantially parallel equally vertically spaced horizontal drawer
guides.
Each drawer guide has an upper and lower surface 16 (FIG. 3B, 4A)
which are respectively the mirror image of each other. Each such
surface has a coplanar front 18 and rear 19 horizontal support
portion, i.e., the portions 18, 19 lie in substantially the same
plane; a central tapered part 20 which gradually slopes inwardly of
the guide from the rear support portion to a necked-down site at
the rear of the front support portion; and substantially vertically
face 21 at said site connecting said tapered part to the rear of
the front support surface. In addition, at the rear of the side
panels are a back panel support rib 22 and a back groove 23 which
extend vertically along the back of the guides. The back panel fits
in the grooves. The support rib runs vertically along the panel at
the very rear of the front support portions of the guides with the
rearmost surface of said rib being an extension of or coplanar with
one of the back groove sides.
As seen in FIGS. 2, 3A and 4 the partition 7 is constructed in a
fashion similar to the sides 3 but has drawer guides 15 on both
sides thereof and lacks rivets 11 on the top and bottom. The
partition, as with other members contributes to the modular
construction of the entire assembly, is interchangeable with other
partitions, and is an optional feature depending on the width and
ultimate use of the assembled modular cabinet involved. The
partition does not have a groove for receiving the back panel. The
drawer support guides are spaced the same as on the side panels so
that drawers can be supported thereon in cooperation with the
sides.
The drawer is illustrated in FIG. 5. The drawers 5 for this modular
construction may be of any depth but I prefer to have them vary in
depth 29 (FIG. 5) by a multiple of the center-to- center spacing 30
(FIGS. 3A, 3B) of the drawer guides 15 on the sides and partitions.
In this way, drawers of different depths can be used, as
illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 with no interference with each other.
The drawers I prefer to use are molded from one piece of plastic
and have a front face molded integrally therewith. In the
illustrated embodiment the front face is molded to the tray portion
of the drawer. The tray portion of the drawer consists in two sides
32, a rear 33 and a bottom 34 with drawer runners 35 extending
along either side for support on the drawer guides as illustrated
in FIGS. 5 and 6. The bottom 37 of the drawer runners is spaced
from the top 38 of the drawer front by a distance about equal to
the nominal vertical spacing of the guides or a multiple thereon
using an integer as the multiplier. The guides are actually spaced
by the nominal amount plus a small increment for mechanical
clearance, e.g., an increment of 3/32 inch of one-eighth inch. A
drawer stop 39 is located at the rear of the drawer on the upper
face of the runner 35.
By way of example, when the nominal drawer guide spacing on the
sides is 1 1/2 inches (actually 1 19/32 inches to 1 5/8 inches
including the clearance) I can use drawers that are multiples of 1
1/2 inches deep, for example, 1 1/2, 3, 41/2, 6 . . ., 12, 131/2,
and 15 inches. Other spacing with other progressions of drawer
sizes may also be used.
When the drawer 5 is pulled out too far, the rear end tips up,
pivoting about the leading edge of surface 18 whereby stop 39 hooks
onto face 21 and keeps the drawer from being pulled out too far.
Preferably the vertical dimension of stop 35 is substantially equal
to the vertical spacing between spaces 18 on adjacent means 15,
differing only by a convenient tolerance for clearance (e.g., 1/32
inch to 1/16 inch).
It should also be evident that shelves or the like as illustrated
in FIG. 2 can be supported on the drawer guides. One such shelf
which is particularly suitable for providing a security compartment
in conjunction with a lockable drawer or door is described in my
copending application for "Removable Lock Panel for Cabinet and
Furniture", Ser. No. 200,915 this will be supplied in due course
after the Patent Office advises of same and filed on the same date
as the present application.
The top and bottom 2 of the modular cabinet of FIG. 2 are
illustrated in FIG. 6. As already noted, these are interchangeable
with each other by reason of a symmetrical construction. Of
importance here is the fact that the top and bottom, when one or
more partitions are to be used, are provided with pairs of ribs 40
premolded or prefabricated into the surface thereof at the places
where the partitions are to be mounted. The assembled modular
cabinet of FIG. 2 has rib pair 40A that divides the cabinet into
two equal halves and also rib pairs 40B and 40C (FIG. 6) division
into quarters and thirds. Of course if it is desired to remove the
partition or to add additional ones after the cabinet has been
initially assembled, it is easy to do so. The partitions 7 are held
in place by the rib pairs 40 (FIg. 2) which in turn are vertically
opposite each other. FIG. 6 shows in dotted lines how a partition 7
is supported within each rib pair.
The top and bottom panels 2 each has a rear groove for holding the
back panel. The groove is located so that it is in the same plane
with the side panel back grooves when the entire unit is
assembled.
The back panel may be any type of sheet material suitable for
closing the rear. Plywood and hardboard are suitable. Where the
cabinet is employed for school or classroom work, it may be
convenient to have the outer surface of the back panel finished
with the material so that it can be used as a blackboard, or as a
bulletin board, or the like.
The foregoing description has set forth the external structural
features of the present invention. The various panels 2, 3, 7 here
comprise in the preferred embodiment a construction such as
illustrated in the aforesaid copending case by Inmon and Sanderford
Ser. No. 39,733. That construction, generally speaking, involves an
aluminum frame, a foamed polyurethane core, and a skin of vinyl
(i.e., polyvinyl chloride) which is glued to the frame. The vinyl
skin is vacuum formed to have the means 15, 22, 23. The panels are
built by assembling the frame, gluing the vacuum formed vinyl to it
using a contact cement adhesive, and then pumping foamed
polyurethane resin within the cavity defined by the vinyl skin or
covering and the aluminum frame. Thus, the panel surface containing
means 15, 22,23 is of one sheet or material.
On the left and right side panels the front and rear aluminum frame
members have a groove which ultimately becomes the back panel
groove. The vinyl skin is pressed down into the groove in the
rearmost of the side panel frame members, but is not pulled into
the groove in the forward one thus providing a functional feature
where needed but eliminating it where not needed even though the
same aluminum extrusion shape is employed at the two different
places.
By reason of the unique panel construction employing the skin, both
of the sides with their various drawer guides and the top and
bottoms with their respective partition rib pairs present a surface
to the inside of the cabinet, respectively, which is formed of one
sheet of formed material supported on the frames as aforesaid. The
drawer guides on the side panels are spaced from the top and bottom
panels by a distance equal to one drawer guide spacing.
* * * * *