U.S. patent number 3,726,469 [Application Number 05/064,234] was granted by the patent office on 1973-04-10 for expansible and collapsible spring acting, multi-sided structures and blanks therefor.
Invention is credited to Albert O. Koehler.
United States Patent |
3,726,469 |
Koehler |
April 10, 1973 |
EXPANSIBLE AND COLLAPSIBLE SPRING ACTING, MULTI-SIDED STRUCTURES
AND BLANKS THEREFOR
Abstract
A container having sidewalls, end walls and a bottom wall, all
formed from a hand cut, stamped or die cut integral blank. The
bottom wall is constructed so as to have spring action for
automatically moving it quickly to the fully expanded position by
the mere pressing together of longitudinally separated edges of the
blank, which spring action locks the blank in its expanded
position. The spring action occurs as a consequence of progressive
unfolding the collapsed bottom wall along its medial fold line to
progressively expand the blank until such fold line attains a
critical position, at which time the bottom wall will suddenly
spring downwardly and become locked in its fully expanded and
flattened position. An integral top wall or lid of similar
construction may also be provided.
Inventors: |
Koehler; Albert O.
(Riegelsville, PA) |
Family
ID: |
22054489 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/064,234 |
Filed: |
August 17, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
229/117.03;
229/110; 229/117.05; 229/193; 229/115; 229/117; 229/154;
428/12 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
5/3685 (20130101); B65D 5/3607 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
5/36 (20060101); B65d 005/36 () |
Field of
Search: |
;229/41A,41B,41C,16R,16C,30,41D ;206/44R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Rothberg; Samuel B.
Assistant Examiner: Garbe; Stephen P.
Claims
I claim:
1. A blank for forming a multi-sided container, comprising a
substantially rectangular sheet of material divided, by fold lines,
into panels for forming the bottom wall, side walls and end walls
of the container, said bottom wall forming panel being connected to
said side wall forming panels by fold lines, one of said panels for
forming each end wall having a tab which may be secured to the edge
of the other panel for forming the same end wall and being joined
by score lines to said side wall forming panels, said bottom wall
forming panel having a medial fold line in alignment with slits
separating triangular portions which are joined to said bottom wall
forming panel by fold lines, each of said triangular portions
having joined thereto, by a fold line, a complementary triangular
portion which is joined, by a fold line, to an end wall forming
panel, whereby in the assembled collapsed container, said bottom
wall forming panel will be folded upwardly along its medial fold
line and sandwiched between said side wall forming panels, and
whereby when said end wall forming panels are pushed toward each
other, said first mentioned triangular portions will curl and
enlarge the width of said slits while said second mentioned
triangular portions will continuously lie flat against the
adjoining end wall forming panels so that said curled portions will
eventually effect a snap action and flatten to lock the container
in its expanded position, and a container lid forming panel
attached, by a fold line, to one of said side wall forming panels
and being of identical construction to the bottom forming panel,
inclusive of said first and second triangular portions, to provide
a completely enclosed container with snap-acting lid and bottom
forming panels.
2. A container having side walls, end walls, and a bottom wall,
said bottom wall having a medial score line and having, at each
end, two upwardly extending right triangular extensions connected
to each opposite end of said bottom wall through score lines, the
triangular extensions on each side being separated by a slit which
is in alignment with said medial score line, the hypotenuse of each
of said triangular extensions extending in the plane of one of said
end wall forming panels, whereby when said container is collapsed
with said bottom wall folded upwardly along said medial score line
so as to be sandwiched between said side walls, movement of said
end walls toward each other will cause downward unfolding movement
of said bottom wall and curling of said triangular extensions until
finally said triangular extensions will suddenly become flattened
and effect snap action to lock the container in its expanded
position, and a lid of identical construction to said bottom wall
including said triangular extensions whereby both the bottom and
lid will snap to become locked in the expanded position.
3. A blank for forming a six-sided container of a height which may
differ from the widths of the sides, comprising a substantially
rectangular sheet of material divided, by fold lines, into panels
for forming the bottom wall, two side walls and four end walls of
the container, each of said panels having laterally and
longitudinally extending edges said bottom wall forming panel being
connected along its longitudinally extending edges to said side
wall forming panels by two of said fold lines, each of said side
wall forming panels having an end wall forming panel connected to
each of its laterally extending edges by a fold line, said end wall
forming panels comprising two pairs of laterally spaced panels, one
panel of each of said pairs of panels having an adhesive flap
attached to a laterally extending edge thereof by a fold line, the
longitudinal dimension of each of said end wall forming panels
being greater than one-half the lateral dimension of the bottom
wall forming panel, said bottom wall forming panel having a medial
fold line in alignment with slits separating triangular portions
for forming angularly downwardly extending portions of the end
walls and which are joined to said bottom wall forming panel by
fold lines, each of said triangular portions having joined thereto,
by a fold line, a complementary triangular portion adapted to lie
flat against an end wall and which is joined, by a fold line, to an
end wall forming panel, whereby in the assembled collapsed
container, said bottom wall forming panel will be folded upwardly
along its medial fold line and sandwiched between said side wall
forming panels, and whereby when said end wall forming panels are
pushed toward each other, said first mentioned triangular portions
will curl and enlarge the width of said slits while said second
mentioned triangular portions will continuously lie flat against
the adjoining end wall forming panels so that upon predetermined
curling movement said curled portions will eventually effect a snap
action and flatten to lock the container in its expanded position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a multi-sided container, such as a four
or six sided container as well as varied similar configurations,
formed from a single blank sheet and so assembled to provide
automatic expansion by spring action, of the bottom and/or the top
wall. The container may be used as advertising pieces or shipping
containers of any practical size for whatever purpose intended.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Collapsible and expansible multi-sided containers are well known in
the art. However, these have the outstanding objection of having to
be cut-out in such a manner so as to cause waste of material and
requiring time, difficulty as well as expense in assembly or
erection. A further difficulty is the tendency for expanded
containers to collapse and thus fail to remain in erected
condition, and thus result in an unstable structure.
The abovementioned disadvantages are overcome by the present
invention which provides a substantially rectangular or square
one-piece blank which may be easily and quickly assembled at
minimum cost, and which can be expanded by spring action so that it
will be temporarily locked and maintained in its desired erected
condition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a multi-sided containers, such as a six
sided or four sided containers made from a slit and prescored blank
of substantially rectangular or square shape which can be easily
and quickly folded and assembled in such a manner that the
structure can be expanded quickly and automatically by built-in
spring action when the longitudinally separated edges thereof are
pressed together, or similarly collapsed at will.
The assembled container has a bottom wall as well as a top wall
which is foldable along a longitudinally extending medial fold
line. Spring action of such bottom wall occurs as the result of two
integral adjoining triangular portions at each end which extend
angularly upwardly from the bottom wall and are separated by a slit
so that as the longitudinally separated edges are pressed together,
when the blank is in collapsed condition, the bottom wall will
progressively unfold downwardly as the triangular portions become
curled and the slit defining edges thereof are progressively
separated until a downward position of the fold is reached when
automatic, toggle-like spring action occurs because of the tendency
of the curled triangular portions to uncurl or become flattened as
a consequence of which the bottom wall is locked in assured,
expanded position. The container has many uses, such as that of a
display unit for any desired size which can be imprinted with
pictorial, decorative or advertising matter, or which may be used
as a shipping or storage container or perhaps one for containing
small objects such as pencils, mail, etc.
The unique and highly useful spring action results also in the
collapsing direction as a consequence of lifting of the bottom wall
in the vicinity of longitudinal fold line . Such spring action
occurs as a consequence of the tendency of the curled triangular
sections of the adjoining triangular sections to uncurl or become
flattened and at the same time effect quick lifting of said medial
fold line and locking of the blank in a totally collapsed
condition.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating one embodiment of the invention
and showing an integral blank that is cut so that it can be folded
to form a collapsible container with a hexagonal wall;
FIG. 2 is a top, perspective view of the blank illustrated in FIG.
1 when partially folded, showing the first step in assembly of the
blank;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the blank shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 after
complete assembly and while in the partially expanded position;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the completed container or other structure
showing it in the fully expanded position;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view taken along line
V--V of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view of the blank when
expanded fully, taken along line VI--VI of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a top, perspective view of the folded or collapsed blank
showing how the longitudinally separated edges are pressed together
to effect expansion of the blank;
FIG. 8 is a top, perspective view showing the blank of FIG. 7 in
the fully expanded or erected position; and,
FIG. 9 is a transverse, cross-sectional view taken along line
IX--IX of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a plan view of a modified blank for forming a box with a
top wall;
FIG. 11 is a partially folded perspective view thereof;
FIG. 12 is a top view thereof;
FIG. 13 is a fragmentary view of a modification of FIG. 10;
FIG. 14 is a plan view of a further modified blank for forming a
square box;
FIG. 15 is a partially folded perspective view thereof; and,
FIG. 16 is a plan view thereof with the lid open and unfolded.
Referring more particularly to FIG. 1 of the drawings, numeral 1
generally denotes a blank of any suitable material, such as paper,
paperboard or cardboard, thin plastic or metal foil, or any
suitable material for making a multi-sided container. More
specifically, the blank 1, if originally substantially rectangular
or square, is cut along edges 2 so as to provide adhesive coated
tabs or flaps which may be adhered to the sidewall edges in the
manner shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The container comprises a bottom
wall 3, two sidewalls 5, 5 and four end walls 6, 6 and 9, 9 which
end walls are joined to the walls 5, 5 along scored fold lines 11
illustrated in dotted outline. Each of the side walls 5, 5 and end
walls 6, 6 and 9, 9 is of rectangular outline although variations
thereof may be made. The sidewalls 5, 5 are joined to the bottom
wall 3 along fold or score lines 8, 10.
End walls 6, 6 an 9, 9 are likewise joined to triangular portions
12a, 12a which are joined to complementing triangular portions 12,
12 as defined by slits or cuts 14.
It should be noted that blank 1 may be of any desired size, ranging
from a very small size comparable to a paper cup or pencil
container to a very large shipping carton or display which is
several feet in height. The sizes are limited only by suitability
and structural strength of the material employed.
FIG. 2 shows the first step in assembling the blank to form a
container or other similar structure. Such first step comprises
folding the bottom wall 3 upwardly along its medial line 4 and
about fold lines 8 and 10 as hinges in the manner shown in FIG. 2.
The next step is to adhere both adhesive flaps 7 to the outside
edges of walls 9, 9, as shown in FIG. 3. Alternatively, the
adhesive may be on the opposite sides of flaps 7 in which case the
flaps would be adhered to the inside of the edges of walls 9, 9, --
or perhaps instead of using adhesive for the above described
modifications, the flaps 7 may be stapled or otherwise fastened to
the edges of end walls 9, 9.
FIG. 3 shows the structure when partially expanded so as to more
clearly illustrate the relationship of the various parts of the
blank when assembled. It will be noted that because of slits 14,
the edges thereof defining the slits will become progressively
separated so as to effect curling of the triangular portions 12
while the triangular portions 12a tend to remain flatly against end
walls 6, 6 and 9, 9, by virtue of the crease lines 13 forming fold
lines or pivot lines for such curling of triangular portions
12.
FIG. 8 more clearly illustrates how triangular portions 12 are
folded along fold lines 13 which extend angularly downwardly from
substantially the mid portion of the height of edges 16, 17 to the
bottom wall 3 (see also FIGS. 5, 6).
An important feature of the present invention resides in the easy
and quick manner that the container or other structure is expanded
automatically by the simple squeezing together along opposite
longitudinally separated edges 16 and 17, as shown in FIG. 7. Such
automatic feature, more specifically, comprises the spring action
of the bottom wall as a consequence of the arrangement of
disposition of the adjoining triangular portions 12 and 12a. Such
spring action causes automatic and positive locking of the
container in the expanded or open position, as illustrated in FIGS.
4 and 8.
The abovementioned spring action will now be described more
specifically. As the collapsed container shown in FIG. 7 is
squeezed together by pressing along opposite longitudinally
separated edges 16 and 17, sidewalls 5, 5 will gradually separate,
as well as the end walls 6, 6 and 9, 9. As the fold lines 8
separate, along with fold lines 13, the triangular portions 12
become increasingly bowed or curled, as shown in FIG. 3. At the
same time, the fold 4 gradually moves downwardly toward the bottom
of the container until a critical position is reached wherein a
toggle-like action occurs, causing sudden spring action which
automatically and quickly moves the bottom wall 3 from the folded
position, illustrated in FIG. 5, to the expanded position,
illustrated in FIGS. 4, 6, and 8. This important and unique spring
action is caused by the tendency of the bowed triangular portions
12 to unbow or straighten out when a critical lower position is
achieved during downward movement of said fold line 4. During all
of such downward movement of said fold line 4 to the expanded
position, the triangular portions 12a will continuously remain flat
against the end walls 6, 6 and 9, 9.
In short, the bending or curling or triangular sections 12 occurs
along a pivot or hinge defined by fold lines 13.
An unexpected and highly useful feature of the above described
construction is that after the container automatically expands, by
built-in spring action of its bottom wall to the position shown in
FIGS. 4 and 8, it will be locked automatically and positively in
such expanded position and will remain so during use of the
container until the bottom wall 3 is pushed up along its medial
fold line 4, or perhaps until the sidewalls 5, 5 are pushed firmly
towards each other.
The container is collapsed by pressing upwardly the bottom surface
of the bottom wall 3 in the vicinity of the medial fold lines 4.
After a predetermined amount of such upward pressing so as to reach
a critical height, spring action will occur to quickly and suddenly
move the bottom wall 3 to the completely collapsed condition in
which it is locked against accidental expansion. This occurs
because initially, the triangular portions 12 are bowed and placed
under tension until attainment of the aforesaid critical height,
after which, by automatic toggle-like action, the tension of the
curled triangular portions 12 will tend to further lift the fold
line 4 by their tendency to straighten out and thus suddenly and
automatically cause complete collapsing of the container.
FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 shown a modification of the invention which
includes not only a bottom wall, but a top wall or lid as well,
which lid may have perforations for receiving pencils or similar
articles, such as when the container is used as a pencil
holder.
FIG. 10 shows a blank 21 of the basic container illustrated in FIG.
1 with the addition of a panel 30 which serves as the lid or cover
portion. MOre specifically, triangular portions 22 of FIG. 10
correspond to portions 12a of FIG. 1; portions 24 correspond to
portions 12 of FIG. 1; portions 23, 25, 26 and 27 correspond to
portions 3, 5, 6 and 7, respectively, of FIG. 1. Integrally secured
by fold line 28, corresponding to fold line 8 of FIG. 1, is a top
panel or lid 23a having a plurality of holes, if desired, such as
holes 32 and having adjoining triangular portions 24a which
complement the triangular portions 22a secured thereto by fold
lines illustrated in dash outline. Integrally secured to the panel
30 is an adhesive flap 31.
Instead of providing a plurality of holes 32 in the lid, a single
large hole may be used instead (such as 32a) for receiving pencils
or any other articles in the container.
In assembling, the basic panel portion, which is similar to FIG. 1,
is first folded and assembled in the manner previously described
and thereafter the lid or top portion 30 is folded in a similar
manner, as more clearly illustrated in FIG. 11, so as to provide a
finished container having a completed top portion, as illustrated
in FIG. 12, which is identical in construction and assembly as the
bottom portion thereof. Adhesive tab 27 is adhered to the end
portion of panel 26, whereas the adhesive tab portion 31 is adhered
to the top end portion of panel 25. Of course, if holes 32 were not
desired, the container may be in the form of a totally enclosed
box. Such modification is illustrated in FIG. 13 which is identical
to FIG. 10 except that half of the top panel 23a is provided with a
flap 33', -- the other half, of similar construction, is integrally
tacked on to the right side of panels 25 and 26 as viewed in FIG.
10 and a hole 32a is provided in the center of the blank as shown
in FIG. 10 if desired instead of a closed box.
While a six sided sidewall construction has been described it
should be noted that a larger or smaller number of sidewalls may be
used instead. For example, the container may have the shape of a
square box with only a four paneled sidewall when made from a blank
as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16.
More specifically, FIG. 14 shows a blank 42 for forming the square
box having side panels 43 and 44 in opposed relationship, forming
two sides of the square, and two pairs of opposing side panels 46
and 47, which are joined together by adhesive tab 48 so that each
pair will form another side of the square box when folded in the
manner shown in FIG. 15. The bottom is made up of panels 45', 45'
folded along the medial fold which is in alignment with slits 51
which provide triangular portions 49 and 50 separated by diagonal
crease lines. Adhesive flaps 48 are provided on one side of the
blank and a tab 54 is provided on the lid or cover 52 joined by a
crease line thereto and to side flaps 53 by other crease lines.
As shown more clearly in FIG. 15, the blank is folded in flattened
condition by folding the two bottom panels 45', 45' along the
intermediate crease line. When it is desired to assemble the box,
the triangular flaps 49 and 50 are folded in the manner shown and
thereafter each adhesive tab 48 is adhered to the corresponding
edge portion of flap 46 so as to form two opposite sides of the
square box. The lid 52 is then folded over the side flaps 53 and
the front flaps 54 are folded at right angles along their crease
lines to intefit the box top edge portion.
FIG. 16, is a top view of the assembled square box with the lid 52
and adjoining flaps 53 and 54 shown in open, flat condition.
Other modifications of the invention will be suggested to those
skilled in the art. By simply varying heights and widths of
dimensions, a virtually endless variation of sizes may be made,
thereby creating many geometric variations within the four and six
sided structure. Width and height, as well as bases of each
structure may vary and with each change in dimension a variation of
the basic geometric four and six sides will change.
Thus it will be seen that I have provided an efficient, relatively
inexpensive, one-piece blank so shaped and foldable as to cause
spring action or automatic expansion and locking of the container
by the mere pressing together of opposite edges of the collapsed
container; furthermore, I have provided a blank which is
practically of rectangular construction, therefore resulting in
practically no waste of the cut-out blank material; furthermore, I
have provided a unique structure which can be easily and quickly
expanded or collapsed to form a container of any type for various
applications, such as holders for various articles, such as mail,
pencils, etc.
While I have illustrated and described several embodiments of my
invention, it will be understood that these are by way of
illustration only and that various changes and modifications may be
made within the contemplation of my invention and the following
claims.
* * * * *