U.S. patent number 3,726,203 [Application Number 05/155,972] was granted by the patent office on 1973-04-10 for device for maintenance of a dustfree, bacteria-free zone in a room.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Aktiebolaget Svenska Flaktfabriken. Invention is credited to Lars-Erik Lindestrom.
United States Patent |
3,726,203 |
Lindestrom |
April 10, 1973 |
DEVICE FOR MAINTENANCE OF A DUSTFREE, BACTERIA-FREE ZONE IN A
ROOM
Abstract
A device for maintenance of a dust and bacterial free zone in a
room by means of one or more nozzles having a number of preferably
straight sides and meeting in a corresponding number of corners and
placed one beside the other so as to produce a corresponding number
of curtains surrounding the zone, w h e r e i n an impulse means is
arranged to produce separately a preferably rather more powerful
jet of air in each of said corners between the pairwise meeting
exhaust nozzles for ensuring an unbroken air curtain around the
zone also in the corners.
Inventors: |
Lindestrom; Lars-Erik (552 69
Jonkoping, SW) |
Assignee: |
Aktiebolaget Svenska
Flaktfabriken (Nacka, SW)
|
Family
ID: |
22557528 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/155,972 |
Filed: |
June 23, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
454/189;
55/DIG.29; 55/434; 55/473; 55/418; 55/467; 454/187 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F24F
9/00 (20130101); A61G 13/108 (20130101); A61G
10/02 (20130101); Y10S 55/29 (20130101); F24F
2009/002 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61G
10/02 (20060101); A61G 10/00 (20060101); A61G
13/00 (20060101); F24F 9/00 (20060101); F24f
009/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;98/36,33R ;263/50
;55/DIG.29,473 ;128/1R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wayner; William E.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A device for the maintenance of a dustfree and bacteriafree zone
in a room by forming a plurality of air curtains surrounding the
zone and supplying ventilating air to the curtained-off zone, said
device including means for uniformly distributing ventilating air
to within the zone, and means for forming said air curtains around
the zone comprising a distributing channel surrounding the zone and
having a number of sides which meet at corners; nozzles opening out
of said channel in each side, said nozzles being coextensive with
said sides and adjoining one another in each of said corners to
produce an air curtain on each side to curtain off the zone, and
impulse means at each corner to produce a more powerful jet of air
along the junction of the curtains emanating from the adjoining
sides of the distributing channel to balance by ejector action the
forces of contraction of the adjacent air curtains and for insuring
an unbroken air curtain around the zone including the corners.
2. Device according to claim 1 having a single nozzle extending
along the length of each side of said distributing channel to
provide a single air curtain therealong characterized in that, at
each corner the impulse means consists of a circular hole for
exhaust of a separate air jet, keeping together the adjoining air
curtains, and placed at each point of intersection between the
adjoining exhaust nozzles.
3. A device according to claim 1 wherein said sides are straight
and said nozzles on opposite sides of said zone provide curtains
which diverge away from said distributing channel.
4. Device according to claim 1 including inlet means for
introducing air into said channel and a strip extending partially
across the distributing channel intermediate said inlet and said
nozzles to form a slot adjacent a side wall of the channel, said
strip extending along the entire length of each side of said
channel, said slot being wider than the width of said nozzles to
insure flow of air from said inlet supply through the entire length
of said nozzles.
5. Device according to claim 4 including a second strip disposed
perpendicular to said first strip intermediate said slot and said
nozzles forming a second longitudinal slot extending along the
entire length of each side of said channel, said second slot being
wider than the width of said nozzles.
6. Device according to claim 1 having a pair of laterally-spaced
parallel inner and outer nozzles extending along each side of said
distributing channel to provide a double air curtains therealong,
characterized in that, at each corner the impulse means comprises a
diagonal slot extending between the points of intersection of the
inner and outer exhaust nozzles.
7. Device according to, claim 1 characterized in that the exhaust
nozzles are formed as pairs of parallel strips attached to one
another at a number of points with accurately matched, equally
thick circular spacers.
Description
This invention relates to a device for maintenance of a dustfree,
bacteriafree zone in a room by means of a number of air curtains
surrounding the zone under simultaneous supply of ventilating air
to the curtained-off zone, said device having means for uniform
distribution of the ventilating air supplied within the zone, while
the means for producing air curtains surrounding the zone consist
of one or more exhaust nozzles situated one beside the other so as
to produce a corresponding number of air curtains, the air of which
is then discharged together with the ventilating air supplied to
the zone, said exhaust nozzles being placed in a wall, facing the
zone, of a distributing channel surrounding the zone and having a
number of sides, preferably straight sides, delimiting the zone,
the nozzles meeting in a corresponding number of corners.
The device according to the invention is intended especially for
ventilation of rooms in which -- for example owing the risk of
infection -- extremely high requirements must be placed on the
purity of the air in the actual enclosed area. High requirements on
the purity of the air are now often placed not only in
operating-theatres in hospitals but also for certain locations in
the food industry and the chemical industry. The chief problems for
a satisfactory functioning of arrangements of such kinds are that
the ventilating air supply must be very uniformly distributed and
that the rate of air flow in the zone in which personnel work
within the screened-off area must not be so high as to be
troublesome for the personnel or affect sensitive instruments,
other problems being to obtain a uniform and equally distributed
air curtain and to avoid opening of the air curtain for the passage
of contaminated air at any point on the periphery. This difficulty
will be readily understood when it is remembered that the exhaust
nozzles for the air curtain have slots only about 2 mm wide. The
object of the present invention is to ensure that the air curtain
does not break down at any point along the periphery so that a
puncture occurs.
The device according to the invention is characterized in that an
impulse means is arranged to separately produce a preferably rather
more powerful jet of air in each corner between the pairwise
meeting exhaust nozzles for balancing by ejector action of the
forces of contraction of two adjacent sides of the air curtain and
for ensuring an unbroken air curtain around the zone also in the
corners.
An advantageous embodiment of the device according to the
invention, having a multilateral inner zone surrounded by a
distributing channel of corresponding extent, and with a single air
seal, is characterized in that, at each corner of the exhaust
nozzles, the impulse means consists of a circular hole for exhaust
of a separate air jet keeping together two meeting air curtains and
placed at each point of intersection between meeting exhaust
nozzles.
Another expedient embodiment of the device according to the
invention, having a multilateral inner zone surrounded by a
distributing channel of corresponding extent and with double air
curtains, is characterized in that the impulse means at each corner
of the mutually parallel exhaust nozzles consists of diagonal slots
extending between each two points of intersection between the inner
and outer exhaust nozzles.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment the exhaust nozzles are
formed as pairs of parallel strips of metal sections attached to
one another at a number of points under accurately matched, equally
thick, preferentially circular spacers.
The invention will now be described with reference to the attached
drawing showing an exemplifying embodiment of a device according to
the invention, in which
FIG. 1 shows a cross-section through the device;
FIG. 2 shows in enlargement a corner of the device within the
dotted circle in the left-hand portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 shows a corner of the device viewed from below; and
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing an alternate corner.
In FIG. 1 items 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are different parts of the
means of the device for ensuring a uniform distribution and supply
in an essentially vertical direction, as shown in the drawing, of
the ventilating air supplied within the zone at a moderate rate of
air flow. 5 is a chamber or area essentially corresponding to that
of the zone. The ventilating air is supplied to this chamber
through the inlet air channel 6. 7 is a smaller perforated
distributing screen situated in the vicinity of said inlet air
channel 6. The chamber 5 contains also two perforated plates 8 and
9, each of an area corresponding to the area of the chamber. The
plate 8 is comparatively thick and has a low degree of perforation,
while plate 9 has a high degree of perforation and is comparatively
thin. Through the combined effect of the perforated distributing
screen 7 and the plates 8 and 9 the room is supplied with
ventilating air in the desired manner. The function of the upper,
thick plate 8 is, with its low degree of perforation, to produce a
relatively large drop of pressure to ensure a very good
distribution and, owing to its thickness, direct the air vertically
downwards. The function of the lower perforated plate 9 is to
produce moderate rates of air flow in the zone in which personnel
work, as a result of its larger free area. The means of the device
for producing the air curtains surrounding the zone consist of the
elements 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3, 4 in combination. The distributing
channel 3 extends around the aforesaid chamber 5 and is connected
to a separate inlet air channel 4. In the surface of the
distributing channel 3 facing the room there are one or more (in
the case shown two) exhaust nozzles 1, situated side by side,
designed to produce a corresponding number of air curtains. The
distributing channel 3 has a strip 2a extending nearly across the
part of the distributing channel facing the room and extending
along the entire length of the channel. The strip forms a slot 2c
with a side-wall of the distributing channel. Beside one of said
nozzles 1, moreover, the distributing channel 3 can be provided
with a longitudinal strip 2b of limited depth projecting into the
channel and attached to the surface of the channel facing the room.
In the embodiment here shown the two strips are situated at some
distance from one another, so forming a longitudinal slot. 13
denotes a number of circular spacers placed at regular spaces round
the periphery of the distributing channel 3 for assurance of an
absolutely uniform slot of the nozzle 1. The circular shape of the
spacers is well suited aerodynamically to prevent the air, after
passing through them, from dividing and causing an opening in the
air curtain. The use of spacers also permits rapid, simple and
exact assembly of the arrangement of slots in the manufacture of
the device. The function of the aforesaid longitudinal slot, formed
by the projecting distributing plate 2a in the distributing
chambers 3, is to distribute the air longitudinally over the plate
2a and divert it via the slot to the nozzle or nozzles 1. Owing to
the distribution plate 2a and the diversion, the air, in passing
through the nozzle or nozzles 1, obtains no speed component in the
longitudinal direction of the nozzle and the air curtain will
therefore be vertically directed and of uniform strength. In the
case of this arrangement with two or more air curtains through
nozzles 1 the spacers 13 must, of course, be staggered in relation
to one another. When the device has a multilateral inner zone
surrounded by a distributing channel of corresponding extent and
has a single air curtain as shown in FIG. 4, the impulse means at
each corner of the exhaust nozzles consists of a circular hole,
designated 17, for evacuation of a separate air jet, holding
together the air curtains, at each point of intersection between
the meeting exhaust nozzles 1. In a corresponding embodiment with
double air curtains -- as shown in the drawing FIG. 3 -- the
corresponding impulse means consists of diagonal slots, designated
14, arranged in each corner of said distributing channel 3. To
prevent the air curtains on the four sides from severally
contracting and leaving an opening in the corners, a preferably
rather more powerful air jet is supplied through the impulse means
17 and 14. The forces of contraction of two adjacent sides of the
air curtain are in this way balanced through ejector effect, thus
ensuring that the air curtain remains unbroken also in the
corners.
* * * * *