U.S. patent number 3,723,684 [Application Number 05/132,795] was granted by the patent office on 1973-03-27 for pressure responsive switch with parallel contact blades bent apart by axial force applied by diaphragm.
This patent grant is currently assigned to International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation. Invention is credited to Roger Greenwood.
United States Patent |
3,723,684 |
Greenwood |
March 27, 1973 |
PRESSURE RESPONSIVE SWITCH WITH PARALLEL CONTACT BLADES BENT APART
BY AXIAL FORCE APPLIED BY DIAPHRAGM
Abstract
A pressure switch for use in, for example, an automobile air bag
safety buffer system in the event of a collision. The switch
contacts are carried by, for example, plastic leaf springs that are
column loaded. A flexible spring diaphragm loads the springs when
fluid pressure is applied to the diaphragm. The switch contacts may
be snap fit onto the springs. A loading adjustment screw may be
provided, if desired. The switch cavity may also be vented to the
atmosphere, if desired, to ensure the correct pressure differential
across the diaphragm.
Inventors: |
Greenwood; Roger (Valencia,
CA) |
Assignee: |
International Telephone and
Telegraph Corporation (New York, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
22455628 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/132,795 |
Filed: |
April 9, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/83R; 200/83N;
280/734; 337/400; 200/83S; 280/741 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
35/346 (20130101); B60R 21/268 (20130101); B60R
2021/2615 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B60R
21/26 (20060101); H01H 35/24 (20060101); H01H
35/34 (20060101); H01h 035/34 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/67DB,83N,83S,83R,83P,166J,166BH ;337/399,400,396 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schaeffer; Robert K.
Assistant Examiner: Vanderhye; Robert A.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A switch comprising: first and second end plates; first and
second members, each of said members having first and second ends,
said first ends being fixed relative to said first plate, said
second ends being fixed relative to said second plate, said plates
being approximately parallel to each other with one located over
the other, said members being approximately parallel to each other
and approximately perpendicular to said plates, said plates having
approximately parallel facing surfaces, all of said member ends
being joined to said plates at said facing surfaces; a first
contact fixed to said first member in a position between said
members and approximately at the midpoint of said first member; a
second contact fixed to said second member in a position between
said members and approximately at the midpoint of said second
member to engage said first contact when said members are brought
toward each other; and releasable means actuable to push one of
said plates toward the other to cause said members to bow outwardly
of each other and to move said contacts out of engagement with each
other, said members both being made of a spring material which will
bring said contacts into engagement with each other when said
releasable means is deactuated to allow said members to recover
their shapes, said contacts being insulated from each other except
when they are brought into mutual engagement as aforesaid; a
container having a wall to hold a fluid under an absolute pressure
greater than atmospheric, said container having a hole completely
through said wall thereof, one end of said hole adjacent the outer
surface of said wall being internally threaded, a set screw
threaded into the said one end of said hole, a circular diaphragm
sealed around the other end of said hole, said diaphragm being made
of a flexible spring material, means to vent the space between said
screw and said diaphragm to the atmosphere, an electrical lead
connected to each contact and extending outwardly of said space,
and means to insulate said leads from each other, each of said
plates being a solid right cylinder, said cylinders having a common
axis, said members being spaced equidistant from said axis on
opposite sides thereof, each member being integral with both of
said plates, both of said members and both of said plates being
made of plastic, said contacts being snap fit through corresponding
holes in said members, both said members having the same shape and
dimensions, each of said members being a right prism having a
rectangular cross section, the heights of said members between said
plates being greater than the lengths and widths of said cross
sectional rectangles, said lengths being greater than said widths,
said members having parallel facing surfaces whose dimensions are
said heights and said lengths, said plates, said contacts and said
members being located in said space with said first and second
plates abutting the facing surfaces of said screw and said
diaphragm, respectively.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the switching art, and more particularly,
to a switch which may be used for any purpose including, but not
limited to, a fluid pressure indicating device for use in an
automobile inflatable air bag safety buffer system.
In the said system, a tank is employed to supply air under pressure
to inflatable bags upon impact of the vehicle with another or with
any other body. The bags inflate in front of the passengers and act
as cushions in the event of a collision. Thus, the air supply is a
very important part of the system. If the air pressure falls below
a predetermined level, the system will not operate.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the device of the present invention, the
above-described and other disadvantages of the prior art are
overcome by providing a pressure switch for the air supply tank
which turns on an instrument panel warning light when the tank
pressure falls below the said predetermined level.
The above-described and other advantages of the present invention
will be better understood from the following detailed description
when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings which are to be regarded as merely
illustrative:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of an inflatable air bag system for
an automobile;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pressure switch for
use in the system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view of a portion of the switch
shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of a portion of the switch;
FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of two engaging switch
contacts;
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of a portion of the switch shown
in FIG. 2; and
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of a switch
illustrating an alternative embodiment of the present
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In FIG. 1, an automobile is indicated at 10 having a battery 11
with terminals 12 and 13. Terminal 12 is grounded at 14. A tank of
compressed air is provided at 15. Solenoid valves 16 and 17 are
connected from tank 15 to deflated air bags 18 and 19,
respectively. VAlve 16 has a lead 20 which is grounded. Solenoid 17
has a lead 21 which is grounded. Solenoids 16 and 17 have
additional leads 22 and 23, respectively, which are both connected
to a switch 24. Switch 24 is, in turn, connected to battery pole
13. Switch 24 is operated by an accelerometer 25. A pressure switch
26 illuminates a light 27 when the pressure in tank 15 drops to
below a predetermined level.
Pressure switch 26 is shown in FIG. 2. The wall of tank 15 has a
hole 28 therethrough which is threaded at 29 and is sealed at its
other end by a diaphragm 30 which may be made of a flexible spring
material including, but not limited to, steel. Diaphragm 30 may be
fixed to the tank wall 15 by welding at 31 and 32, or by any other
convenient means.
The switch includes upper and lower bases 33 and 34 which abut a
set screw 35 and diaphragm 30, respectively.
Flexible leaf spring members 36 and 37 connect the bases 33 and 34.
Contacts 38 and 39 are snap fit through members 36 and 37,
respectively. Conductive leads 40 and 41 are conductively bonded by
any conventional means to contacts 38 and 39.
Lead 40 has insulation 42, and lead 41 has insulation 43. Leads 40
and 41 with insulation 42 and 43 are fixed in the wall of tank 15
through a hole 44 therethrough by surrounding the same with an
epoxy or potting compound to seal the same as indicated at 45.
A vent passage 46 may be provided from the interior of hole 28 to
the atmosphere, if desired.
Set screw 35 is an adjustment screw which may be employed for
calibration.
The pressure inside tank 15 may, for example, be as high as 3,500
pounds per square inch.
Although bases 33 and 34 need not be integral with members 36 and
37, they may easily and economically be made integral, as shown.
Further, neither bases 33 and 34, nor members 36 and 37, need be
made of plastic or of any certain material. Molded nylon will be
found to be satisfactory. However, preferably molded nylon or
beryllium copper leaf springs may be set in bases 33 and 34 made of
a phenolic resin.
So that the switch 26, shown in FIG. 2, will not fail to operate by
an "on center" action, bases 33 and 34 with members 36 and 37 may
appear as shown in FIG. 4 when members 36 and 37 are unstressed,
and contacts 38 and 39 have been removed from members 36 and 37,
respectively. Note that the spacing between members 36 and 37 may
be uniform and be equal to the dimension, B.
Bases 33 and 34 may be identical. Only base 33 will thus be
described in greater detail. Base 33 may be simply a right cylinder
having parallel upper and lower circular faces perpendicular to the
outer small cylindrical surface thereof.
Members 36 and 37 may also be identical except for their particular
locations laterally between bases 33 and 34. For this reason, only
member 36 will be described. Member 36 is a longitudinal member
such that it is a right prism having a rectangular cross section
uniform throughout its entire length.
As shown in FIG. 5, contacts 38 and 39 may be identical. Thus, only
contact 38 is described in greater detail. The contacts 38 and 39
are shown in FIG. 5 with their contacting faces in abutting
relation at a line 47.
Contact 38 may be made entirely of metal, any conventional metal of
which electrical contacts are normally made, and includes a shaft
48 having enlargements 49 and 50 thereon. Enlargement 49 is
provided for engagement with contact 39. Member 36 has a hole 51
therethrough, as shown in FIG. 2, through which enlargement 50
passes, during assembly. That is, hole 51 has a cylindrical surface
defining the same, and contact 38 is completely symmetrical about
the axis of cylindrical shaft 48, thus, the maximum outside
diameter of enlargement 50 is slightly greater than the inside
diameter of member hole 57. Thus, in assembly, contact enlargement
50 may simply be pressed through hole 51 until enlargement 50 snaps
into place in the location shown in FIG. 2. As viewed in FIG. 2,
contact enlargement 50 would be pressed into hole 51 first into the
right end thereof. Contact 39 may be similarly assembled with
member 37.
When the dimension A, shown in FIG. 5, is greater than the
dimension B, shown in FIG. 4, there will be no "on center" action,
and the switch will not fail. Moreover, in the event of failure of
pressure in tank 15, contacts 38 and 39 will be pressed together
with a greater pressure the more that dimension A exceeds the
dimension B.
One of the several outstanding features of the invention resides in
the use of diaphragm 30 to actuate or deactuate the switch.
Diaphragm 30 is shown in FIG. 6 taking a greatly exaggerated
deflection. However, FIG. 6 shows that members 36 and 37 are spread
apart to keep contacts 38 and 39 apart due to two different
stressing mechanisms produced by diaphragm 30. In the first place,
the simple upward deflection of diaphragm 30 causes members 36 and
37 to bow outwardly. However, the curvature which diaphragm 30
takes also tends to bow base 34 and to spread at least the bottom
portions of members 36 and 37 still farther apart.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 7
wherein a contact 52, which may be identical to contact 38 is snap
fit, as before, through a resilient insulator grommet 53 that is
located around a hole in a thin spring metal strip 54 which serves
as one of the members 36 and 37. If desired, both of the members 36
and 37 thus may be provided with thin spring metal strips such as
strip 54, each being provided with a contact identical to contact
52 and a grommet such as grommet 53.
From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that, in FIG. 2, when
the pressure in tank 15 is adequate, diaphragm 30 will take a
deflection such that members 36 and 37 will be column loaded and
spread apart, as shown in FIG. 2. If the pressure in tank 15 fails,
diaphragm 30 will not take a deflection, and contacts 38 and 39
will be held together by the spring action of members 36 and 37 to
engaging relation, shown in FIG. 5, so that they thereby will
electrically connect the leads 40 and 41 together.
As shown in FIG. 1, lead 40 is connected to battery pole 13, and
lead 41 is connected to lamp 27. Lamp 27 is grounded at 55. When
contacts 38 and 39 make, lamp 27 will, therefore, be illuminated.
This will tell the occupant of the automobile 10 that the pressure
system has failed. Lamp 27 thus acts as a warning light so that the
pressure system may be repaired for safe driving.
The pressure at which actuation is required is set by adjusting the
position of screw 35.
The calibration adjusting screw 35 is screwed down until the
contacts separate.
The pressure vessel 15 is put into normal operation and from then
on, whenever the pressure drops below the calibrated pressure, the
contacts 38, 39 will touch and energize the lamp 27.
The length of beam being x and diaphragm movement being y, then
beam amplification, a, is given by
a = 2 .sqroot. (x/2).sup.2 - (y/2).sup.2 .congruent. 2 .sqroot.
(yx/ 2
For high pressure sensing, the calibration would be reversed, and
the electric circuit would be deenergized.
* * * * *