U.S. patent number 3,722,994 [Application Number 05/041,151] was granted by the patent office on 1973-03-27 for method and device for removing developing liquid.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Canon Kabushiki Kaisha. Invention is credited to Hajime Katayama, Takashi Saito, Toru Takahashi, Hiroshi Tanaka, Shusei Tsukada.
United States Patent |
3,722,994 |
Tanaka , et al. |
March 27, 1973 |
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING DEVELOPING LIQUID
Abstract
A method and device used with an electronic photocopying
apparatus and for removing any residual developing solution from a
photosensitive member by the use of a corona discharger to thereby
provide a perfect copy of an original image.
Inventors: |
Tanaka; Hiroshi (Tokyo,
JA), Saito; Takashi (Tokyo, JA), Tsukada;
Shusei (Tokyo, JA), Takahashi; Toru (Tokyo,
JA), Katayama; Hajime (Kanagawa, JA) |
Assignee: |
Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Tokyo,
JA)
|
Family
ID: |
12683940 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/041,151 |
Filed: |
May 25, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
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Jun 4, 1969 [JA] |
|
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44/44164 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
399/249;
427/466 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G03G
15/11 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G03G
15/11 (20060101); G03g 009/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;355/15,3,5,6,7,9,10,17
;250/49.5 ;118/637 ;117/37LE |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Matthews; Samuel S.
Assistant Examiner: Mathews; Alan A.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method of removing excessive developing liquid from the
surface of a photosensitive member comprising:
applying corona discharge from a corona discharger to said surface
of the photosensitive member bearing said excessive developing
liquid to deposit electric charge of a predetermined polarity
uniformly thereon, and drawing off excessive developing liquid from
said surface of the photosensitive member.
2. A method of removing excessive developing liquid as in claim 1
wherein said excessive developing liquid is drawn off said
photosensitive member by suction.
3. A method of removing excessive developing liquid as in claim 1
wherein said excessive developing liquid is drawn off by sucking
developing liquid at a predetermined height above said surface of
the photosensitive member.
4. A method of removing excessive developing liquid as in claim 1
wherein said excessive developing liquid is drawn off by moving
said corona discharger relative to said photosensitive member.
5. A method of removing excessive developing liquid as in claim 4
wherein said relative movement is in a direction whereby said
developing liquid is dripped off.
6. A method of removing excessive developing liquid from the
surface of a photosensitive member bearing an electrophotographic
image visualized with toner of one polarity comprising:
applying corona discharge from a corona discharger to said surface
of the photosensitive member to deposit electric charge of the same
polarity as said one polarity of said toner uniformly thereon, and
drawing off excessive developing liquid from said surface of the
photosensitive member.
7. A method of removing excessive developing liquid as in claim 6
wherein said excessive developing liquid is drawn off said
photosensitive member by suction.
8. A method of removing excessive developing liquid as in claim 6
wherein said excessive developing liquid is drawn off by sucking
developing liquid at a predetermined height above said surface of
the photosensitive member.
9. A method of removing excessive developing liquid as in claim 6
wherein said excessive developing liquid is drawn off by moving
said corona discharger relative to said photosensitive member.
10. A method of removing excessive developing liquid from the
surface of a photosensitive member comprising:
applying corona discharge from a corona discharger to said
photosensitive member to decrease the effective surface tension of
said developing liquid thereon and to provide same with a high
degree of fluidity and
drawing off excessive developing liquid.
11. A method of removing excessive developing liquid from the
surface of a photosensitive member comprising:
applying corona discharge from a corona discharger to said
photosensitive member to depress the surface of developing liquid
thereon, and
drawing off at least a portion of the developing liquid displaced
by the depression of said surface.
12. In a copying device, an apparatus for removing excessive
developing liquid from the surface of a photosensitive member
comprising:
corona discharge means positioned relative to said photosensitive
member bearing said excessive developing liquid for depositing
electric charge of a predetermined polarity uniformly thereon,
and
means for drawing off excessive developing liquid from said surface
of the photosensitive member.
13. In a copying device, an apparatus as in claim 12 wherein said
means for drawing off excessive developing liquid includes vacuum
suction means for forcibly sucking removable developing liquid from
said surface of the photosensitive member.
14. In a copying device, an apparatus as in claim 12 wherein said
means for drawing off excessive developing liquid includes means
causing relative movement between said corona discharge means and
said photosensitive means.
15. In a copying device, an apparatus as in claim 14 further
comprising means establishing said relative movement between said
photosensitive means and said corona discharge means in a direction
whereby said developing liquid is dripped off.
16. In a copying device, an apparatus for removing excessive
developing liquid from the surface of a photosensitive member
bearing an electrophotographic image visualized with toner of one
polarity comprising:
corona discharge means positioned relative to said photosensitive
member for depositing electric charge of the same polarity as said
one polarity of said toner uniformly thereon, and
means for drawing off excessive developing liquid from said surface
of the photosensitive member.
17. In a copying device, an apparatus as in claim 16 wherein said
means for drawing off excessive developing liquid includes vacuum
suction means for forcibly sucking removable developing liquid from
said surface of the photosensitive member.
18. In a copying device, an apparatus as in claim 16 wherein said
means for drawing off excessive developing liquid includes means
causing relative movement between said corona discharge means and
said photosensitive means.
19. In a copying device, an apparatus for removing excessive
developing liquid from the surface of a photosensitive member
comprising:
corona discharge means positioned relative to said photosensitive
member for decreasing the effective surface tension of said
developing liquid thereon and providing same with a high degree of
fluidity, and means for drawing off excessive developing
liquid.
20. In a copying device, an apparatus for removing excessive
developing liquid from the surface of a photosensitive member
comprising:
corona discharge means positioned relative to said photosensitive
member for depressing the surface of said developing liquid, and
means for drawing off at least a portion of the developing liquid
displaced by the depression of said surface.
21. A method of removing excessive developing liquid from the
surface of a photosensitive member comprising:
applying corona discharge from a corona discharger to said
photosensitive member to subject said surface bearing said
excessive developing liquid to electric charge of a predetermined
polarity, and
drawing off excessive developing liquid from said surface of said
photosensitive member.
22. A method of removing excessive developing liquid as in claim
21, wherein said corona discharge is a DC corona discharge.
23. In a copying device, an apparatus for removing excessive
developing solution from the surface of a photosensitive member
comprising:
corona discharge means positioned relative to said photosensitive
member for subjecting said surface bearing said excessive
developing liquid to electric charge of a predetermined polarity,
and
means for drawing off excessive developing liquid from said surface
of the photosensitive member.
24. In a copying device, an apparatus according to claim 23,
wherein said corona discharge means generates a DC corona
discharge.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to means for a developing device used with
an electronic photocopying apparatus, and more particularly to
method and means for removing any excessive or residual developing
solution from a photosensitive member during the process of
development.
2. Description of the Prior Art
According to the prior art, it is generally the case with the
development process effected by using a developing solution that a
portion of such solution tends to stick not only to the
electrostatic image formed on a photosensitive member but also to
other areas of the photosensitive member. When the photosensitive
member still having such residual developing solution thereon is
subjected to the fixing process, the residual developing solution
acts to form blots or stains in the reproduced image itself and the
resultant copy becomes unsatisfactory in clarity or vividness.
To prevent such an unsatisfactory result, the prior art has
employed means such as rollers for squeezing the residual
developing solution on the photosensitive member or moisture
absorbing means or the like to thereby remove such residual
material. Such types of means, however, may also remove even the
developing solution required to visualize the electrostatic image
and the resultant image visualization may be greatly disturbed
thereby. In this point, the use of such conventional squeezing
rollers or moisture absorbing means cannot be considered an
effective solution to the existing problem.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the
above-described inconveniences and to remove only the unnecessary
developing solution from a photosensitive member, thereby producing
a vivid or clear reproduction of an original image.
It is another object of the present invention to remove any
excessive developing solution from a photosensitive member by means
of a corona discharger.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide an
effective device which is capable of continuously carrying out the
removal of the excessive developing solution.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide all
means that will be disclosed in the following detailed
description.
According to the present invention, electric charges of a certain
polarity are uniformly applied through corona discharging to the
surface of developing solution in either direction with respect to
the developed photosensitive member or to the developing device. As
a result, the uniform electric charges of the same polarity in the
surface of the developing solution repulse one another to thereby
reduce the surface tension of the liquid. The electrically charged
surface of the liquid is further concaved due to the coulomb force
with respect to the electric charges of the opposite polarity
produced on the photosensitive member. Thus, any residual liquid on
the photosensitive member is forced to be completely swept out of
the electrically charged area of the photosensitive member, whereby
there is formed a perfect, flawless reproduction or copy of an
original image.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1 to 4 are schematic views illustrating the operation of the
present invention;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are fragmentary sectional views showing embodiments
of the present invention; and
FIG. 7 shows another form of the present invention as applied to an
electronic photocopying apparatus.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring first to FIG. 1, there is shown the manner in which a
photosensitive member 1 bearing thereon a negatively charged
electrostatic latent image is developed by developing solution 2 so
that positive toner 3 sticks to the latent image. If the developing
solution 2 is then electrically charged uniformly by electrically
charging means 10 such as corona discharger as shown in FIG. 2, the
electric charges applied to the surface of the developing solution
2 will stick to the molecules of the liquid, which are thereby
formed into ionized molecules. These ionized molecules of the
liquid repel one another because they are of the same polarity, and
strive to move with a force F.sub.H in parallel to the surface of
the liquid. Thus, the portion of the liquid which has been
electrically charged decreases its effective surface tension and
provides a high degree of fluidity. Also, the electric charges E
sticking to the liquid molecules in the surface of the developing
solution produce a force F.sub.V which strives to depress or
concave the liquid surface due to the coulomb force with respect to
the corresponding electric charges E' on the photosensitive member
1. Consequently, as shown in FIG. 3, a concave develops very
appreciably in that portion of the electrically charged liquid
disposed right below the corona discharger 10. Therefore, the
excessive portion of the liquid can be removed by removing that
portion of the liquid forming the convex part of the liquid.
Alternatively, removal of such excessive liquid portion can be
accomplished by moving the corona discharger 10 along the surface
of the liquid in the manner as shown in FIG. 4, to thereby force
the excessive liquid to be displaced for removal.
FIG. 5 shows the present invention as applied to a photosensitive
film with a mount for slide. In such a case where the surface of
the photosensitive member takes a complicated contour, it is
impossible to use the ordinary type of roller squeezing. In FIG. 5,
the photosensitive film, the electrically charging means and the
developing solution are designated by numeral 11, 10 and 13,
respectively. In this embodiment, use is further made of a fixing
infrared ray lamp 12, suction means 14 for sucking removed liquid,
and a mount 15 for holding the photosensitive film 11. After
subjected to the preceding processes, such as electric charging,
exposure and development, the photosensitive film 11 is carried to
the station provided with the shown electric charger, fixing lamp,
etc. Thereupon the electric charger is moved to scan the
photosensitive film so as to remove any residual excessive portion
of the developing solution from the photosensitive film. Such
residual liquid portion is brought to the junction area between the
film and the mount and then sucked by the suction means 14 for
removal. In this way the surface of the photosensitive film is now
substantially dry and it is further subjected to heat radiation
applied from the fixing infrared ray lamp 12 or to hot air applied
from any other suitable means, whereby the film is completely fixed
by heating. The quantity of heat required for this purpose may be
very small. The suction means 14 for sucking the excessive liquid
may take a tubular form, but a fully satisfactory result may be
also achieved by the arrangement as shown in FIG. 6, in which a
thin sheet 16 is disposed in contact with the junction between the
film 11 and its mount 15 so that the liquid can follow the surface
of the thin sheet or flow out due to the capillary effect.
The electric charges required for the charge-squeezing should
desirably be of a polarity which will never malaffect the
reproduction of an original image, and in this sense the negative
polarity is preferred for the primary charges while the positive
polarity is preferred for the use with a positive developing toner.
The illustrated embodiment of FIG. 5 shows the surface of the film
to be developed as facing downward, whereas such surface of the
film may face either downward or upward as desired.
In addition to the described embodiments in which the electrically
charging means is moved to thereby force any excessive developing
solution to be removed, there occurs to mind a system which
utilizes the fact that the surface tension of the developing
solution is extremely decreased due to the neutralization of the
electric charges or to the repulsion therebetween, whereby the
solution may be removed by its own weight. Such a system, as shown
in FIG. 7, for example, may comprise a corona discharger 10
disposed adjacent to the outlet portion of a developing device in
the direction of movement of a photosensitive member a, so that the
residual portion of the developing solution b sticking to the
photosensitive member a is electrically charged with a polarity for
reducing the sticking force, whereby that residual portion of the
developing solution b drops on the developing device 21 from its
own weight.
The developing device 21 may be so arranged that the photosensitive
member a is directly dipped in the body of developing solution b,
but such arrangement may result in an inconvenience that the
developing solution b sticks to both surfaces of the photosensitive
member a. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, a pump 22 is disposed
within the developing device 21 to inject the developing solution b
through a nozzle 23 onto the image-bearing surface of the
photosensitive member a. Further, an arcuate developing electrode
24 is extended from the nozzle means to define a wedge-shaped flow
passage 26 through cooperation with the photosensitive member a, so
that turbulent flow of the developing solution b is provided in the
wedge-shaped flow passage 26. This arrangement always ensures only
the image-bearing surface of the photosensitive member to be
effectively exposed to fresh developing solution.
The corona discharger 10 has therein filaments 25 of tungsten or
like material having a diameter in order of 5/100 to 10/100 mm and
disposed perpendicularly to the path of the photosensitive member
a. A high voltage is applied from a power source 27 to the corona
discharger 10 to cause corona discharge.
In the example shown in FIG. 7, the photosensitive member a is
moved first downwardly and then upwardly depicting a U-shaped path
along a rotating drum 28. In such a vertical U-shaped path of the
photosensitive member a, there are sequentially provided an
electrically charging means 29, an optical system 30 for forming an
optical frame on the photosensitive member, a developing device 21,
a corona discharger 10 and a drier 31. However, the present
invention may also applicable to a lateral type arrangement in
which the photosensitive member follows a laterally U-shaped path,
or a circular type arrangement in which the photosensitive member
is moved entirely circularly around the rotating drum, or a flat
type arrangement in which the photosensitive member is moved
horizontally in one direction.
As has been described above, the present invention eliminates the
direct contact between the image-bearing surface of the
phtosensitive member and the squeezing rollers which has existed in
the prior art device, and this results in a perfect or flawless
image reproduction having a highly excellent resolving effect.
Moreover, as compared with the conventional device using squeezing
rollers, the device of the present invention achieves highly
efficient removal of any residual developing solution from the
photosensitive member, which in turn leads to a lesser production
or evaporation of the solvent during the drying process, and
accordingly to a greater hygienical advantage. Furthermore, the
removal of the developing solution form the photosensitive member
is accomplished independently of the surface conditions thereof,
and this means a highly stable removing effect which also means the
elimination of any mechanical adjustment for such removal.
* * * * *