U.S. patent number 3,722,887 [Application Number 05/199,285] was granted by the patent office on 1973-03-27 for correlated set of clubs with indicator line.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Acushnet Company. Invention is credited to Alastair J. Cochran, John W. Jepson, Francis deS. Lynch, Edward R. Woolley.
United States Patent |
3,722,887 |
Cochran , et al. |
March 27, 1973 |
CORRELATED SET OF CLUBS WITH INDICATOR LINE
Abstract
In a correlated set of golf clubs at least one visible indicator
line on the striking face of each club head is provided. This
indicator line lies in the loft plane of the club head and is in a
predetermined angular relationship with a second line, real or
imaginary, and being perpendicular to a third line, real or
imaginary, formed by the intersection of the loft plane and the
plane on which the club is placed in its normal position for
striking a golf ball. The angular relationship is a certain degree
for each successive club in the set.
Inventors: |
Cochran; Alastair J. (Sutton,
Coldfield, EN), Jepson; John W. (Marion, MA),
Woolley; Edward R. (Rancho Santa Fe, CA), Lynch; Francis
deS. (Mattapoisett, MA) |
Assignee: |
Acushnet Company (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
22736932 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/199,285 |
Filed: |
November 16, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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146255 |
May 24, 1971 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
473/242;
473/290 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
53/04 (20130101); A63B 53/047 (20130101); A63B
60/00 (20151001); A63B 53/0441 (20200801); A63B
53/0458 (20200801); A63B 53/0454 (20200801); A63B
53/005 (20200801); A63B 53/0462 (20200801); A63B
53/045 (20200801) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
53/04 (20060101); A63B 53/00 (20060101); A63b
053/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;273/77A,163R,163A,164,167R,167J,183D |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pinkham; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Apley; Richard J.
Parent Case Text
The present invention is a division of our co-pending application
Ser. No. 146,255 filed May 24, 1971 and is an improvement on our
co-pending application Ser. No. 106,690 filed Jan. 15, 1971.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a correlated set of golf clubs comprising the 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8 and 9 irons, the improvement which comprises at least one
visible indicator line on the striking face of each club head, said
indicator line lying in the loft plane of the club head and in a
predetermined angular relationship with a second line, real or
imaginary, lying in the loft plane of the club head and being
perpendicular to a third line, real or imaginary, formed by the
intersection of the loft plane and the plane on which the club is
placed in its normal position for striking a golf ball, said
angular relationship being from about 0.degree. to about 6.degree.
for a 9 iron and from about 1/4.degree. to about 3/4.degree.
greater for each successive club in the set.
2. The set of clubs of claim 1 wherein the said angular
relationship of the indicator line in each successive club is about
1/2.degree. greater than each preceding club.
3. The set of clubs of claim 1 in which the said angular
relationship of the indicator line of the 9 iron is about
0.degree., the said angular relationship of the indicator line of
the 8 iron is about 1/2.degree., the said angular relationship of
the indicator line of the 7 iron is about 1.degree., the said
angular relationship of the indicator line of the 6 iron is about
11/2.degree., the said angular relationship of the indicator line
of the 5 iron is about 2.degree., the said angular relationship of
the indicator line of the 4 iron is about 21/2.degree., the said
angular relationship of the indicator line of the 3 iron is about
3.degree. and the said angular relationship of the indicator line
of the 2 iron is about 31/2.degree..
4. In a correlated set of golf clubs comprising the 3, 5, 7 and 9
irons, the improvement which comprises at least one visible
indicator line on the striking face of each club head, said
indicator line lying in the loft plane of the club head and in a
predetermined angular relationship with a second line, real or
imaginary, lying in the loft plane of the club head and being
perpendicular to a third line real or imaginary formed by the
intersection of the loft plane and the plane on which the club is
placed in its normal position for striking a golf ball, said
angular relationship being from about 1/2.degree. to about
11/2.degree. greater for each successive club in the set.
5. The set of clubs of claim 4 wherein the said angular
relationship of the indicator line in each successive club is about
1.degree. greater than each preceding club.
Description
In our latter co-pending application we broadly disclose the manner
in which the sweet spot of a golf club head can be enlarged by
moving the weight of the club head towards the heel and the
toe.
It has been found that protrusions on the back of the club head
which are visible to the golfer tend to distract the golfer and
divert his attention so that he does not concentrate completely on
the shot to be made. We have now discovered that an improved golf
club can be made incorporating the advantages of our prior
invention and having a further advantage of not having the back of
the club head visible to the golfer so that it is not distracting
to the golfer. The means for accomplishing this is by hollowing out
a substantial portion of the back of the club head directly behind
the scored part of the face and adding weights in the area of the
heel and the toe, as close to the heel and the toe as possible. One
or more reinforcing members are preferably located across the
hollowed out back of the club head.
We have also discovered that there is advantage in having indicator
lines on the face of the clubs at an increasing angle for each
successive club in relation to a line lying in the loft plane of
the club head and being perpendicular to the line formed by the
intersection of the loft plane and the plane on which the club is
placed in its normal position for striking a golf ball. The loft
plane is defined as the plane which is tangential to the surface of
the scored area of the club head face. The plane on which the club
head is placed in its normal position for striking a golf ball may
be further defined as tangential to the sole of the club head and
it is almost always parallel to the grooves of the scored area of
the club head face. Standard golf clubs have indicator lines near
the edges of the scored area essentially along this line for each
club. We have discovered that if the indicator lines (or other
linear markings) are at an angle with relation to this line and
with the angle increasing by approximately 1/2.degree. for each
club from the 9 iron to the 2 iron, then it is easier to line up
the club head with the ball for the proper shot.
These and other advantages of the present invention may be more
fully understood with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which like numbers are used for like parts and wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a golf club made in accordance with the present
invention in use by a golfer;
FIG. 2 shows the back of the club head made in accordance with the
present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of FIG. 2 taken through line
2--2;
FIG. 4 shows a golfer in standard position for addressing a golf
ball using a golf club with the unique indicator lines of the
present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the face on a golf club with the indicator lines of
the present invention; and
FIG. 6 shows a series of golf clubs with the indicator lines
increasing in angle according to the present invention.
In FIG. 1 there is shown a golfer 10 holding a golf club 12 in
standard position for striking a golf ball 14. The golf club 12 has
a club head 16 made in accordance with the present invention. The
line of sight 18 of the golfer 10 sees the back of the top of the
club head 20 but does not see any portion of the back of the club
head 22. The reason for this is that the entire back 22 of the club
head 16 is on one side of a plane 24 which is parallel to the axis
of the club shaft 26 and is tangential to the top of the club head
20. Since there are no protrusions on the back of the club head,
the golfer's eye is not distracted when addressing the ball in
standard position. For purposes of the present invention, the back
of the club head is defined as that part of the back of the club
head which is below the top 27 of the club head.
FIG. 2 shows the back of the golf club head of FIG. 1. There is
provided an upper hollowed out area 28 and a lower hollowed out
area 29 which comprise a substantial portion of the back of the
club head defined by an area corresponding to the edges of the
scored area 30 and 32. The top of the club head 20 to which plane
24 of FIG. 1 is tangential may be defined by the line along the top
of the club head extending from line 30 to line 32. One or more
reinforcing ribs 34 are preferably located in the hollowed out
areas 28 and 29 in order to reinforce the club head. In a preferred
embodiment of the invention, and as shown, the center line 36 of
the rib 34 essentially bisects the angle .theta. made by a line 38
passing through the back of the top of the club 20 and a line 40
passing through the back of the bottom of the lower hollowed out
area 29. When the center of the rib is located along this line, it
is highly advantageous since this is the area in which most golf
balls are struck and thus the reinforcing rib reinforces the golf
club head at the place where greatest stress is put upon it. While
this is the preferred location for the reinforcing rib, it is to be
understood that the reinforcing rib could be in an X shape in which
case there could be four hollowed out areas or in any other desired
shape or there could be no rib at all. The only requirement is that
the club head be strong enough to preserve its structural integrity
under normal playing conditions.
Weights 44 and 46 are shown located in the heel and the toe of the
club head respectively. These weights are made of a material which
is more dense than the material of which the club head 16 is made.
It has been found that for best results there should be a weight in
the toe in order to make a golf club wherein all of the club head
is confined within the area defined by a plane which is parallel to
the axis of the shaft 26 and tangential to the back of the top of
the club 20 and it is preferable that a heel weight 46 be provided.
While the heel weight is shown on the back of the club head, it is
to be understood that this heel weight can be located in the bottom
48 of the hosel shaft receiving hole 50. For maximum benefit the
weights 44 and 46 should be located as close as practical to the
toe 52 and heel 54. The center of mass of the club head is
preferably located at a point 56 which is equidistant between lines
30 and 32. In order to locate the center of mass at this point, and
still maintain the other desirable features of the present
invention, the mass of the weight 44 located in the toe area should
be at least three times as great as the mass of the weight 46 added
in the heel area. The weights 44 and 46 are preferably made of
tungsten alloys and for best results the tungsten alloyed weights
should contain between about 85 and 95 percent tungsten. If the
percentage of tungsten is greater than about 95 percent the weights
become brittle and are not easily fabricated. On the other hand, if
the percentage of tungsten is less than about 85 percent, then
there is little advantage since the mass of the tungsten alloy will
not be sufficiently greater than the mass of the club head
material, which is usually iron or stainless steel.
In all cases, club heads according to the present invention have a
radius of gyration above about 1.05 inches about an axis which is
parallel to the shaft and which passes through the centroid (center
of mass) of the club head. A suitable method for measuring this
radius of gyration is set forth in our prior co-pending application
referred to hereinabove. The radius of gyration can be defined by
the following formula:
K = .sqroot.I/M
wherein K is the radius of gyration about a specific axis, I is the
moment of inertia of the club head about the same axis and M is the
mass of the club head. The club head is defined as the weight of a
golf club below a point located about 5 inches up the golf club
shaft from the heel. In determining the moment of inertia of the
club head, the centroid (center of mass) of the club head is first
located in known manner. A point is then selected along an axis
which passes through the centroid of the club head and is parallel
to the axis of the gold club shaft. The club head is suspended from
this point by one or more wires or other suitable means which
maintain the club head parallel to the axis of the shaft. The
moment of inertia of the club head is then determined in known
manner with respect to the axis which passes through the centroid.
When the moment of inertia is thus determined and the mass of the
club head is determined, the radius of gyration can be computed
according to the formula given hereinabove.
It has now been found that best results are achieved when the
radius of gyration of the club head for each of the 2 through 9
irons is within the ranges as set out in the Table below.
TABLE
Minimum Radius Maximum Radius of Gyration of Gyration IRON (inches)
(inches) 2 1.06 1.17 3 1.07 1.18 4 1.08 1.19 5 1.09 1.20 6 1.10
1.21 7 1.11 1.22 8 1.12 1.23 9 1.13 1.24
If a wedge is to be included in the set, it will preferably have a
radius of gyration from about 1.14 to about 1.25 inches. The weight
of the club head will generally be the same as conventional club
heads. This will generally be from about 4 to about 12 ounces for
the 2 iron and from about 6 to about 16 ounces for the 9 iron and
best results are obtained with a club head weight of from about 8
to about 9 ounces for a 2 iron and from about 10 to about 11 ounces
for the 9 iron with the rest of the clubs having a weight
therebetween, the weight of each successive club increasing from
the 2 iron to the 9 iron.
In FIG. 3 is shown a sectional view of FIG. 2 taken through line
3--3. As there shown, rib 34 extends through hollowed out areas 28
and 29 essentially in the middle of the club head face 58. Plane 24
is shown tangential to the top of the back of the club head 20 and
parallel to the shaft 26. The thickness of the club head face at
points 60 and 62 is preferably at least about 0.15 inches since
otherwise there may be an undesirable "pinging" sound when the club
makes contact with the ball.
In FIG. 4 there is shown a side view of a golfer addressing a golf
ball with a golf club having a club head face made in accordance
with the present invention. As there shown, the indicator lines
72,74 are parallel to the edges 30 and 32 of the scored area of the
club head and are on an angle so that they appear approximately
straight with the line of sight 18 of the golfer 10. In present day
clubs, the indicator lines 72 and 74 are substantially
perpendicular to the line 64 formed by the intersection of the loft
plane and the plane on which the club head is placed in its normal
position for striking a golf ball. The golfer, however, looks down
at the club at an angle .alpha. from the perpendicular 66. Because
of this, the indicator lines 72 and 74 appear to be "falling away"
from the golfer and this makes it somewhat difficult to line up a
shot. It has been found that if these lines 72 and 74 are set at an
angle .beta. which appears to the golfer to correspond
approximately to his line of sight 18, then the lines 72 and 74
will appear to be parallel to the line of flight along which it is
intended to hit the golf ball. Because of variations in length of
shaft and in the angle of loft of club head faces, this angle will
not be the same for every club from the 2 through the 9. In
addition, lines 72 and 74 may not appear to correspond exactly to
the line of sight 18 of the golfer 10 because of varying heights
and stances of golf players. However, even though the indicator
lines do not appear to correspond exactly with the line of sight of
the golfer, it has been found that when they are made in accordance
with the present invention it is considerably easier for the golfer
to line up his shot. The greatest change in angle .beta. is
required for the 2 iron and the least change in angle is required
for the 9 iron. It has been found that the difference in angles
from the 9 to the 8, from the 8 to the 7 and so on through the 2
should be from about 1/4.degree. to about 3/4.degree. for each
successive club and preferably the increase in angle should be
about 1/2.degree.. For example, in accordance with the preferred
angle, if the 9 iron has an angle .beta. of 0.degree., then the 8
iron will have an angle of 1/2.degree., the 7 iron will have an
angle of 1.degree., the 6 iron will have an angle of 11/2 .degree.,
the 5 iron will have an angle of 2 degrees, the 4 iron will have an
angle of 21/2 .degree., the 3 iron will have an angle of 3.degree.
and the 2 iron will have an angle of 31/2.degree.. It is preferred
that the 9 iron have an angle of about 3.degree. and that the angle
of the indicator lines of the rest of the clubs increase to an
angle of about 61/2.degree. for the 2 iron. While the description
of the indicator lines has been given with respect to a complete
set of 2 through 9 irons, it will be understood that it has equal
applicability to so-called "beginner sets" which usually comprise
the 3, 5, 7 and 9 irons. In such a set the increase angle would be
doubled i.e., it would be 1/2.degree. to 11/2.degree. greater for
each club than the immediately preceding club and the angle is
preferably 1.degree. greater. Thus, if the 9 iron has an angle of
0.degree., the 7 iron will have an angle of 1.degree., the 5 iron
an angle of 2.degree. and the 3 iron an angle of 3.degree.. It will
be understood that when the term "angle" is used, it is intended to
mean the angle formed by an indicator line 72, 74 and a line 68
lying in the loft plane of the club head and being perpendicular to
the line 64 formed by the intersection of the loft plane and the
plane on which the club is placed in its normal position for
striking a golf ball.
In FIG. 5 there is shown a face of a golf club comprising a scored
area 70 with grooves 71, edges of the scored area 30 and 32 and
indicator lines 72 and 74. The indicator lines 72 and 74 are at an
angle .beta. with respect to line 68. The edges 30 and 32 of the
scored area 70 may be at the same angle as lines 72 and 74 or they
may be parallel to line 68 as shown. In the preferred embodiment of
the present invention, lines 72 and 74 are coincident with lines 30
and 32 and are at an angle with respect to line 68 as previously
discussed. It will be understood that when the term "line" is used
with reference to lines 30, 32, 72 and 74, it is intended to
include a single unbroken line as well as a series of dots,
diamonds, maltese crosses or other configurations which are in a
line.
In FIG. 6 is shown a correlated set of clubs having the indicator
lines 72 and 74 of the present invention. The 9 iron is shown at
the top of FIG. 6 and the 2 iron is at the bottom. Each successive
club has an increase in the angle .beta. from 1/4.degree. to
3/4.degree. over the next preceding club and the angle .beta. of
the 9 iron is anywhere from 0.degree.-6.degree., depending upon the
length of the shaft of the club, the loft of the club and the
height of the golfer for which the club is intended.
It will be understood that the claims are intended to cover all
changes and modifications of the preferred embodiments of the
invention, herein chosen for the purpose of illustration, which do
not constitute departures from the spirit and scope of the
invention.
* * * * *