U.S. patent number 3,722,745 [Application Number 05/086,046] was granted by the patent office on 1973-03-27 for modular vending machine having trap-door ejection mechanism.
Invention is credited to Peter James Gushi, Robert B. Kyts.
United States Patent |
3,722,745 |
Gushi , et al. |
March 27, 1973 |
MODULAR VENDING MACHINE HAVING TRAP-DOOR EJECTION MECHANISM
Abstract
A modular vending machine featuring a plurality of independent
compartments. Each compartment is amenable to receiving a module
containing a plurality of packaged items, such as cassettes, for
sale. The modules plug into the machine compartments and contain
the apparatus necessary to dispense an item responsive to selection
and payment by a vendee. Means are provided to assure that the
packaged items are individually dispensed. A glass door front
enables the purchaser to view the contents of the machine.
Inventors: |
Gushi; Peter James (Oak Lawn,
IL), Kyts; Robert B. (Chicago, IL) |
Family
ID: |
22195895 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/086,046 |
Filed: |
November 2, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
221/130; 221/232;
221/195; 221/269 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G07F
11/38 (20130101); G07F 11/10 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G07F
11/04 (20060101); G07F 11/02 (20060101); G07F
11/10 (20060101); G07F 11/38 (20060101); G07f
011/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;221/195,124,130,131,224,236,226,228,261,279,280,225,232,247,251,262,269,191,279 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reeves; Robert B.
Assistant Examiner: Scherbel; David A.
Claims
I claim:
1. A modular vending machine for utilization in automatically
vending prepackaged articles,
said machine comprising a plurality of compartments,
each of said compartments amenable to receiving a module containing
a plurality of articles for vending, sequentially arranged from the
front to the back of said modules,
dispensing means in each of said modules for dispensing a selected
one of said articles responsive to a purchaser operating controls
on said machine,
said dispensing means including a trap door at the front bottom of
each of said modules, said trap door having a normal horizontal
position, said modules comprising top, bottom, back and side walls
to provide a cave-like receptacle having an open front, top and
bottom lip means at said open front, for retaining said articles in
said modules notwithstanding any force applied to said articles for
forcing the articles toward said open front, said front bottom lip
cooperating with said trap door in a normal horizontal position for
retaining the articles in said modules, and said trap door having
an open position inclined to the horizontal position wherein said
bottom lip is removed from its retaining position to enable said
articles to be forced from said modules.
2. The modular vending machine of claim 1 wherein force means are
provided for forcing said articles in each of said modules towards
the front of said module.
3. The modular vending machine of claim 2 wherein said force means
comprises a back plate contiguous to the back most article in said
module, and
spring means applied against said back plate to push said back
plate toward the front of said module and consequently force said
articles toward the front of said module.
4. The modular vending machine of claim 3 wherein said module
comprises top, bottom, back and side walls to provide a cave-like
receptacle having an open front,
top lip means at the top of said open front and bottom lip means at
the bottom of said open front for retaining said articles in said
module notwithstanding the force applied to said articles forcing
them toward said opening.
5. The modular vending machine of claim 3 wherein said vending
machine comprises a transparent front door enabling a potential
vendee to view the front article of each of said modules,
space between said front door and said modules,
receptacle means at the bottom of said machine whereby when one of
said articles is dispensed from a module it drops through the space
between said transparent front door and said modules into said
receptacle where it is accessible to the vendee.
6. A modular vending machine for utilization in automatically
vending prepackaged articles, said machine comprising a plurality
of compartments, each of said compartments amenable to receiving a
module containing a plurality of articles for vending that are
sequentially arranged from the front to the back of said
modules,
dispensing means in each of said modules for dispensing a selected
one of said articles responsive to the operation of controls on
said machine,
force means providing for forcing said articles in each of said
modules toward the front of said modules, said force means
comprising a back plate contiguous to the backmost article in said
modules, spring means applied against said back plate to push said
back plate toward the front of said module and to consequently
force said articles toward the front of said modules,
said modules comprising top, bottom, back and side walls to provide
a cave-like receptacle having an open front, top lip means at the
top of said open front, bottom lip means at the bottom of said open
front, said top lip means and bottom lip means acting to retain
said articles in said modules notwithstanding the force applied to
said articles, said vending machine comprising a transparent front
door enabling a potential purchaser to view the front article of
each of said modules, a space between said front door and each of
said modules, receptacle means at the bottom of said machine
whereby when one of said articles is dispensed from a module it
drops through the space between said front door and the modules
into said receptacle where it is accessible to the purchaser,
said dispensing means including a trap door in the front bottom of
each of said modules, said trap door having a normal horizontal
position wherein said front bottom lip aids in retaining said
articles in said modules, and
said trap door having an open position inclined to said horizontal
position wherein said bottom lip is removed from its retaining
position to enable said articles to be forced from said modules and
to drop through said space into said receptacle.
7. The modular vending machine of claim 6 wherein means are
provided for assuring that only a single article is dispensed per
operation.
8. The modular vending machine of claim 7 wherein means are
provided for operating said trap door from said normal horizontal
position to said open position responsive to the operation of the
controls by the vendee.
9. The modular vending machine of claim 8 wherein said means for
operating said trap door comprises solenoid means.
10. The modular vending machine of claim 9 wherein means are
provided for electrically coupling said modules to the electrical
system of said machine.
11. The modular vending machine of claim 10 wherein said trap door
is hinged to the bottom of said module with a hinge pin,
hinge spring means for retaining said trap door in said normal
horizontal position,
slot means on said trap door, and
ejector means for assuring that the dispensed articles pass over
the lip on said door when said door is in the open position.
12. The modular vending machine of claim 11 wherein said ejection
means comprises ejector springs attached to the bottom of said
module,
slots in said trap door to enable said ejector springs to come into
contact with said articles when said articles are being forced from
said module responsive to said door being actuated to said open
position.
13. The modular vending machine of claim 12 wherein said means for
dispensing only a single article per operation comprises bale rod
means,
said bale rod means comprising an inverted U-shaped rod pivoted
onto said trap door means,
said bale rod surrounding said front most article when said door is
in said normal horizontal position and having the top of said
inverted U-shaped rod contiguous to the top of said article,
means on the side of said module to limit the travel of said bale
rod whereby when said door is operated to the open position, said
bale rod exerts a downward force on said front most article to
assure that it does not stick to the next article adjacent thereto,
and
said bale being held in position for also exerting a retaining
force on said new front most article while said door is in the open
position.
14. The modular vending machine of claim 13 wherein means are
provided for exerting a special pushing force at the bottom of said
front most article during the opening of said door.
15. The modular vending machine of claim 14 wherein said last named
means comprises control spring means,
said control springs being substantially C-shaped having the front
end thereof attached to the bottom of said door, and
slot means at the front bottom of said module to enable the back of
said control spring to pass therethrough while said door is opening
and exert a force on the bottom of said articles being sold.
Description
This invention is concerned with vending machines and more
particularly with modular vending machines.
There are many different types and varieties of vending machines
commercially available. These machines are designed to safely
display the items that are being sold in the machine and at the
same time, must make these items available after payment and
selection of the particular item. Further, the machines should be
capable of holding a sufficient quantity of such items to reduce or
minimize the trips made by the servicemen in refilling the
machines. Another requirement of these machines is that they must
be rugged and reliable to minimize the need for servicing due to
malfunctioning of parts. Thus, they should have a minimum number of
moving parts.
The accomplishment of all of the above listed requirements has of
course required compromises in the design of the machines. For
example, with the presently available machines, to prevent the
machine from dispensing more than one item at a time when a single
item is selected and paid for, it has been necessary to refrain
from loading the machines to the maximum amount that they should
hold based on the dimensions of the machine.
Further, with the presently available machines, it has been found
that the time taken by the servicemen per machine is unduly
lengthened because the machine must be manually loaded.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide new and
improved vending machines.
A related object of this invention is to provide vending machines,
which can be loaded to the maximum with packaged goods for sale and
nonetheless dispense the packaged goods, individually.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide modules for use
in machines having independent compartments. The modules are
preloaded with the goods being sold and thus to load the machine,
the empty or near empty modules are replaced with modules that are
filled. This of course perceptibly reduces the loading time for the
machines.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide automatic
vending machines having a minimum of movable parts so that the
machines are extremely reliable and rugged.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a vending
machine that properly protects the items being sold even under
adverse conditions.
In accordance with one aspect of this invention, a modular vending
machine is provided. The vending machine has a plurality of
transverse independent compartments. The compartments are designed
to receive modules containing prepackaged items for sale by the
vending machine. The modules come equipped with the means for
individually dispensing the items for sale responsive to payment
and selection of the particular item by a purchaser.
The individually packaged items are serially stacked back to front
in the modules. A force applying means, such as a spring, applies a
force tending to push the packages out the front of the module. At
the front of the module, there is located an automatically
actuated, solenoid operated trap door means. The module is coupled
to a source of electrical power when it is placed into the machine;
since electrical plug means are provided to interconnect the module
to the electrical power of the machine. The front of the module is
open but has a top and bottom lip to prevent the packaged items
from being pushed from the module unless the trap door is sprung.
Means integral to the modules are provided to assure that only a
single packaged item is dispensed when the trap door is sprung.
A transparent door covers the fronts of the transverse compartments
and thus discloses to any interested party what particular
merchandise is for sale. Coin slots and controls are provided at
the front of the machine to enable selection and payment of the
merchandise within the machine. A bottom container is provided to
receive and enable access to the merchandise that escapes from the
modules when one of the trap doors is sprung to its open
position.
The above mentioned and other objects and features of this
invention together with the manner of obtaining them will become
more apparent, and the invention itself will be best understood by
making reference to the following description of a preferred
embodiment of the invention taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a front pictorial view of the inventive modular vending
machine with a transparent front door shown in the open
positions;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken on the vertical plane through
lines 2--2 and looking in the direction of the arrows;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the individual modules that fit into the
compartments;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the individual modules;
FIG. 5 is an exploded pictorial view of the front bottom portion of
a typical module;
FIG. 6 is a schematic showing of the electrical controls of each of
the modules;
FIGS. 7-9 diagrammatically show an individual module when it is
being loaded; and
FIGS. 10-12 diagrammatically show an individual module during the
process of dispensing an article.
Turning now to the drawings, FIG. 1 at 11 pictorially shows a front
pictorial view of the modular vending machine with the transparent
door 12 in the open position. As can readily be seen in FIG. 1, the
front door is attached by hinged means 13 to the front portion of
the frame of the cabinet.
The cabinet extends below the door to define a cavity 14 housing a
drawer 16 having a handle 17. The drawer as best seen in FIG. 2
rests in the base cavity section which extends frontwardly beyond
the compartments so that there is space 19 between the front door
and the compartments such as compartment 18.
The space shown as 19 in FIG. 2 provides room for the packabed
goods being sold by the vending machine to drop from the module in
the compartment down into drawer 16. The drawer 16 is pulled open
by the purchaser to enable the purchaser to remove the article of
merchandise he has just purchased.
Each compartment is defined by the back wall section 21 and by a
bottom of floor section 22. The floor section of the compartments
serve as the ceiling sections of the compartment that is
immediately below. For example, compartment 23 is defined by
ceiling section 22, which is the floor section of compartment 18
and the floor section 24 as well as back and side sections, such as
side wall section 26. The top 27 of the cabinet 11 serves as the
ceiling of compartment 18. Located at the rear section of each
compartment, there is shown an electrical outlet 28 in each
compartment for providing electrical power to the control apparatus
of each of the individual modules.
The vending machine includes the controls for selecting the article
being purchased and the slots for inserting coins necessary to
effect the purchase. More particularly, as shown in FIG. 1, the
panel 29 on the side of the opening opposite hinge 13 is equipped
with knobs for actuating the controls of the individual modules to
cause the individual modules to dispense the articles being
purchased responsive to inserting a coin. For example, knob 31 is
shown which when operated, causes an article in compartment 18 to
be dispensed. A similar knob 32 causes an article in compartment 33
to be dispensed. The articles are dispensed only if the proper
coins are inserted in slots 34, for example. The other compartments
are similarly associated with buttons to affect a selection of the
goods and the modules in the different compartments. The
transparent door enables viewing the goods in each compartment to
make a proper selection.
Turning now to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, therein details of the module
itself are shown. The module is depicted by the number 34. The
module is dimensioned to slip fit within the compartment and is
equipped with a male electrical socket 36 designed and positioned
to mate with the female electrical socket 28 of the individual
compartments. The interconnection and coupling of socket 36 and 28
supplys electrical energy to the control means used for dispensing
the articles from the modules.
The module has a top wall 37, back wall 38 and bottom wall 39. The
walls are configured to form a three dimensional cove shaped
module. Top wall 37 has a lip 41 integral thereto for aiding in
retaining the articles such as plastic cassettes 42 in the module
until released responsive to the activities of the purchaser
utilizing the vending machine.
Means are provided for enabling the module to dispense the articles
contained therein. More particularly, a trap door section 43 is
shown pivotally coupled to the bottom wall 39 of the module. The
pivot or hinge coupling arrangement attaching trap door section 43
to bottom wall 39 includes a hinge pin 44 which is spring loaded by
hinge spring 45 so as to maintain the trap door section 43 normally
in a horizontal plane, substantially aligned with bottom wall
39.
The hinge pin 44 extends through holes 46, 47 in body ears 48, 49.
The ears 48, 49 are fixedly attached to the body module walls in
any well known manner. In the exemplary showing of the drawings,
the ears are integral to turned up side flanges, such as side
flange 51. Juxtaposed to body ears 48, 49 are trap door ears 52,
53, respectively. The trap door ears are fixedly attached to the
door section 43 as by spot welding, for example. The hinge pins
extend through holes in the horizontal plane and spring 45, but can
pivot around hinge 46 and assume a biased position; i.e., inclined
upwardly toward pin 46.
Means are provided on the door section 43 for retaining the
articles, such as cassette 42 in the module 34 even though a force
in the direction of the arrow 56 is constantly applied tending to
push the articles in the modules out the open fronts thereof. More
particularly, lip 54 is provided at the front of trap door section
43. The lip 54 in conjunction with lip 41 retain the articles, such
as 42, within the module as long as the trap door section is in its
normal horizontal position.
Means, such as solenoid 56 energized through electrical connectors
36, 28 are provided for causing the trap door section 43 to pivot
around spring loaded pivot hinge 46 to its inclined position
responsive to the operation of a control knob following the
placement of a specified coin or coins in the proper slot.
Alternatively, the operation of the door 43 can be actuated by
coded cards. For example, the purchaser could utilize a special
card to operate the solenoid by inserting it into a specified slot
in the machine.
As best seen in FIG. 6, the solenoid 56 operates responsive to the
operation of an enabling means 57. The enabling means is any well
known coin actuated switching device. The enabling means extends an
electrical circuit responsive to placement of a coin in the slot in
the machine. The electrical circuit extends through connectors 28,
36 to any well known power generating means, such as generator 58.
A switch 59 operated by knob 31 is schematically shown as
energizing solenoid 56 if operated while enabling means 57 is
operated. The operation of solenoid 56 places a pulling force on
trap door section 43 when armature 61 of solenoid 56 is pulled into
solenoid by the magnetic field generated responsive to electric
current flowing through the solenoid. Switch means (not shown)
breaks the circuit responsive to the operation of the solenoid.
The pulling force is applied to section 43 through link 62 attached
to tab 63 which in turn is fixedly attached to door section 43. The
pulling force of the solenoid is strong enough to overcome the
spring force of spring 45 and rotate the trap door section 43 into
the open position shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. This enables the front
most article in the module such as article 42 to drop through space
19 into drawer 16.
The force means, such as that indicated by arrow 55 at the back
portion of the module is provided by helical spring means 64, 66
affixed to the side walls 67, 68, respectively of the module. A
chain 69 connects both spring means 64, 66 together and extends
around back plate 71 to force the plate 71 against the articles in
the module. The force means 55 thus exerts a steady pushing force
on the articles within the module and forces them against lips 41
and 54. When trap door section 43 drops from its horizontal
position to its open position, article 42 is released since it is
no longer held by lip 54.
Since the plastic packaging presently available oftens stick to one
another, means such as bale rod 72 are provided for assuring that
only one article at a time is dispensed. Bale rod 72 is shaped like
an inverted U and dimensioned to fit over the leading or forward
article in the module. The horizontal section 73 of inverted U may
have a horizontally characterized shape to better grip the
articles, such as article 42. The bale rod 72 has vertical sections
74, 75 and is rotatably coupled to section 43 where it extends
through apertured tabs 76, 77 of section 43. The bale rod is
retained in its attitude relative to the articles since it is
trapped between pins on both side walls, such as pins 78, 79 in
side wall 67. Thus, the bale rod moves vertically but retains its
angular disposition relative to the horizontal plane, and
consequently is positioned to retain the article behind the article
being dispensed after applying a downward force on the article
being dispensed.
The dimensions are such that the bale rod 72 surrounds the articles
being vended by the machine; that is, the articles can easily slip
fit through the inverted U of the bale as depicted. When the trap
door section 43 lowers, the top of the bale 73 also is pulled lower
and exerts a force on the front most article that it surrounds.
Thus, the bale rod acts to separate the front most article if it is
stuck to the next article in the module. The bale rod 72 in the
lowered position acts to retain the article immediately behind the
dispensed article in the module. This assures that only one article
is dispensed at a time.
Means are provided for guiding the article being dispensed during
the dispensing operation. More particularly, ejector springs 81, 82
are fixedly attached to the bottom plate 39 using well known
fasteners such as threaded bolt 83 which extends through apertures
84 and 86 in bottom plate 39 and ejector springs 82, respectively.
The ejector springs 81, 82 extend under trap door section 43 to the
forward ends of slots 87, 88 respectively in section 43. When
section 43 is pulled into its dispensing position, the ejector
springs extend through the slots to guide the article being
dispensed.
Means are provided for controlling the initial downward movement of
the articles being dispensed. More particularly, control springs
are fixedly attached to trap door section 43 using fastener, such
as fasteners 92, 93. The fasteners pass through apertures, such as
apertures 94, 96 in section 43 and apertures 97, 98 in control
spring 89. Fasteners are securred by nuts, not shown. It should be
noted that the front most fasteners such as fastener 93 is
sufficiently long so as to extend until its bottom is contiguous to
the inside bottom of the bowed control spring 89. The control
springs 89, 91 extend so as to have the curved rear end thereof
positioned in coincidence with slots 101, 102, respectively of
plate 39, when trap door section 43 is in its normal horizontal
location. When the trap door section is sprung to its dispensing
position, the control springs 89, 91 extend through slots 101, 102,
respectively, to push the bottom of the packaged article
outwardly.
Means such as rails 102, 103 (FIG. 3) or 104, 106 (FIG. 5) may be
provided in the modules to aid in guiding the articles while moving
forward as when one is being dispensed. The dispensing operation is
illustrated in the stop motion views of FIGS. 10-12.
FIG. 10 shows the module diagrammatically in its normal storage
condition. The back plate 71 is forced against the articles of
merchandise which are locked in place by lips 41 and 54, at the
module opening. FIG. 11 shows the solenoid has started to pull the
trap door open. The bale 72 after initially forcing the lead most
article downward is in the process of slipping between the lead
most article 42 and the subsequent article. At the same time,
control spring 91 is exerting an outward force on the lead most
article 42.
FIG. 12 demonstrates the article 42 dropping toward drawer 16 while
bale 72 is retaining the next subsequent article in the module
until the trap door section 43 returns to its normal position
wherein lip 54, 41 lock the articles in the module.
The modules are extremely efficient in use by the servicemen that
maintain the machines in a loaded condition. Thus, the modules can
be loaded in extremely short time periods by the skilled servicemen
or even loaded by unskilled people, who are naturally paid less
than the skilled servicemen who maintain the machines. The articles
such as article 42a are loaded as diagrammatically illustrated in
FIGS. 7-9 by slipping them through the bale 72 past the lip 54
against back plate applied force and onto an upright position. The
force represented again by arrow 55 forces the article forward
against lips 41 and 54. The next article 42b is placed in the
biased position such as shown by article 42b in FIG. 9. This
process is repeated until the module is completely loaded. The
filling of the machine thus takes a minimum of time. In addition, a
good portion of the moving parts on a machine are actually
contained on the module, such as the solenoid assembly. If there is
difficulty with a module, the whole module is returned to the
service center where the solenoid assembly can be serviced without
disrupting the operation of the entire machine or necessitating the
removal of the entire machine.
To place an entirely loaded module into the machine, it is only
necessary to remove the module that is in there and push against
both lips 41 and 54 until contact is made by intermeshing sockets
28 and 36. The walls of the compartment act as guides so that the
chances of not aligning the sockets and connectors are very small
and particularly non-existent. The bottom of the module is
protected by a dust cover, not shown, or by rails in the
compartments.
In the operation of the machine, the coins are inserted into slots
34, and a knob such as knob 31 is pressed operating the solenoid 56
to change trap door section 43 from its horizontal position to its
vertical position and thereby utilizing the force of gravity in
conjunction with the force of the bale 72 and control springs 89,
91 to force the front most article out of the module into the space
19 between the door and the compartments from which it falls into
drawer 16. The purchaser has access to the article by opening
drawer 16 and removing the article just purchased.
While the principles of the invention have been described above in
connection with specific apparatus and applications, it is to be
understood that this description is made only by way of example and
not as a limitation on the scope of the invention.
* * * * *