U.S. patent number 3,722,147 [Application Number 05/171,860] was granted by the patent office on 1973-03-27 for air driven abrading device.
Invention is credited to Lawrence M. Brenner.
United States Patent |
3,722,147 |
Brenner |
March 27, 1973 |
AIR DRIVEN ABRADING DEVICE
Abstract
An air powered device for abrading wall and floor surfaces. A
turbine is disclosed within a dome-like housing. An abrading disc
is powered by the turbine via a gear reduction drive. A source of
reduced air pressure draws air into the housing past the periphery
of the disc for the pick up of dust particles with the airflow path
being inwardly to an area of low pressure located centrally of the
turbine. A conduit member in communication with said source is
movably attached to the dome-like housing and may additionally
serve as a hand hold. An air barrier restricts the incoming airflow
to the path over the periphery of the abrading disc.
Inventors: |
Brenner; Lawrence M. (Eugene,
OR) |
Family
ID: |
22625423 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/171,860 |
Filed: |
August 16, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
451/359; 408/58;
451/350; 451/354 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B24B
23/02 (20130101); B24B 55/102 (20130101); B24B
7/184 (20130101); Y10T 408/453 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B24B
55/00 (20060101); B24B 55/10 (20060101); B24b
025/00 (); B24b 055/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;51/177,174,17R,17T,279 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Simpson; Othell M.
Claims
Having thus described the invention what is desired to be secured
under a Letters Patent is:
1. An air driven abrading device for use on both upright and
horizontal surfaces, said device comprising,
a housing structure in communication with a source of reduced air
pressure,
a turbine journalled within said housing and adapted to receive a
centripetal flow of air to drive same,
means included within said housing structure for communicating the
central area of the turbine with the source of reduced air
pressure,
a gear reduction drive powered by said turbine and in driving
connection with an abrading disc, and
an air barrier carried by said housing structure circumjacent said
disc with the lower terminus of said barrier in closely spaced
relationship to the work surface directing a restricted airflow
past the disc periphery for the pick up of dust particles.
2. An air driven abrading device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said
turbine includes a base, fins disposed on said base and extending
outwardly from the turbine center, said fins curving outwardly in
the direction of rotation of the turbine and acted upon by an
airflow traveling in a direction generally parallel to the turbine
base.
3. An air driven abrading device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said
housing is of domed configuration and includes universal socket
means centrally disposed for the reception of a conduit end
member.
4. An air driven abrading device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said
turbine is operatively coupled to said gear reduction drive by a
tubular shaft, said gear reduction drive including an output shaft
journalled for a portion of its length within said tubular
shaft.
5. An air driven abrading device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said
air barrier is adjustably mounted on said mounting structure for
adjustable movement toward and away from a work surface for the
regulation of airflow into said housing.
6. An air driven abrading device as claimed in claim 2 wherein said
housing is of domed configuration and includes universal socket
means centrally disposed for the reception of a conduit end member,
said air barrier adjustably mounted on said housing structure for
adjustable movement toward and away from a work surface for the
regulation of airflow into said housing.
7. A air driven abrading device as claimed in claim 6 wherein said
turbine is operatively coupled to said gear reduction drive by a
tubular shaft, said gear reduction drive including an output shaft
journalled for a portion of its length within said tubular shaft.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to abrading devices and
more particularly to such a device jointly utilizing an intake flow
of air to power same and to remove abraded particles.
The prior art devices for the abrading or surfacing of flat
surfaces are for the most part limited to machines restricted by
their size to use on horizontal surfaces. Such machines typically
include a power source in close proximity to the disc or belt
abrading element. In the typical use of such machines their weight
rests entirely on the surface being abraded hence the weight of
same is not critical. While it would be advantageous to use powered
abrading equipment on upright wall surfaces the weight and size of
existing machines makes them impractical for such tasks.
To the extent the prior art is known, powered abrading tools are
either of the type restricted to use on floor surfaces or are of
the hand held, compact design for use in the sanding of only very
small flat areas as on furniture.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The instant invention is embodied within an air powered abrading
tool having a rotary abrading member powered by an incoming flow of
air which also serves to remove the resulting dust particles from
the work surface.
A domed housing of the present device houses a turbine for rotation
by an incoming flow of air with the turbine wheel having shaped
fins thereon. Turbine rotation powers the abrading element via a
gear reduction drive within said housing. The output shaft of the
gear reduction assembly carries the abrading component with the
latter rotating within the lower end of the domed housing. A
continuous airflow passing peripherally about the abrading
component, removes dust particles from the grinding surface with
the airflow subsequently passing through the turbine as earlier
mentioned.
An important object of the present invention is to provide an
abrading tool for convenient use on large upright surfaces, such as
for example, the walls of a building structure. Existing tools do
not lend themselves to the surfacing of large wall areas as above
noted. The finishing of such wall surfaces is largely done by hand
as existing equipment is either too awkward for such use or is too
small for efficient use. The absence of an electrical motor
adjacent the rotating abrading disc or other heavy components
permits the present invention to be moved along wall surfaces while
manually supported by the machine operator. Large wall surfaces may
accordingly be efficiently surfaced.
Another important object of the present invention is the
utilization of the airflow, passing through the device, to remove
dust particles resulting from abrading. While some grinding devices
have attached dust pick-up means such an appendage contributes to
the overall bulk of the prior art tool making it even less suitable
for hand held grinding of large planar surfaces.
An additional object of the instant invention is to provide a
lightweight, highly maneuverable unit highly suitable for use by a
workman in the finishing of large surface areas such as walls,
floors and ceilings. Customary practice involves the hand sanding
of walls and ceilings particularly at the abutting edges of
wallboard or edges of similar sheathing material. Considerable time
is spent in preparing such wall surfaces for painting and includes
both the grinding task and the cleaning of dust particles
subsequent to painting of the walls. The lightweight nature of the
present device permits use of a sizeable abrading disc. For
example, the housing may be pivotally mounted at the end of a rigid
conduit member with the latter serving as a handle for the
device.
In use the housing closely overlies the surface being treated with
a flexible skirt extending about the housing perimeter intermediate
the perimeter and the surface. An area of reduced air pressure
about the present grinding disc contributes to the ease with which
the present device may be used on an upright wall surface.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the present abrading device
with the housing thereof broken away substantially along a vertical
medial plane,
FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken downwardly along
irregular line 2 -- 2 of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the air driven turbine removed from the
device,
FIG. 4 is an enlarged, detail section taken along line 4 -- 4 of
FIG. 1, and
FIG. 5 is a view showing a typical use of the abrading device.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
With continuing reference to the accompanying drawings wherein
applied reference numerals indicate parts similarly identified in
the following specification, the reference numeral 1 indicates a
dome shaped housing having a detachable lower skirt section at
2.
Centrally of the housing 1, as best seen in FIG. 4, is a universal
socket 4 for reception of a ball shaped conduit member at 5, said
universal socket being defined by a boss 6 formed integral with
housing 1. In bolted attachment with said boss for retention of the
ball shaped member 5 is a cap plate 7 apertured at 7A so as to
retain member 5 for movable engagement with said boss. Fasteners 8
extend through the plate 7 and a gasket 9 terminating in threaded
engagement with the boss.
The ball member 5 is of hollow construction and formed at the end
of a tubular member 10 which additionally serves as a hand held
support for the device. As shown in FIG. 5 the elongate support 10
may be of considerable length for purposes of convenience. Also in
FIG. 5 a flexible conduit is indicated at 11 which is in
communication with member 10 and a vacuum source not shown.
With attention again in FIG. 4, a centrally disposed collar 12
depends from boss 6 to constitute a carrier for upper and lower
pairs of bearings indicated at 13 and 14. Carried intermediate the
opposing races of said upper and lower bearings is an annulus 15 of
a turbine indicated generally at 16. Said annulus is integral with
the innermost ends of a multitude of fins each indicated at 17 with
the turbine additionally including a circular, planar base 18
having a central opening 18A therein. Lock nuts at 19 retain the
bearing races 14 in place.
The turbine 16, journalled on bearings 13-14, is freely rotatable
about stationary collar 12 with such rotary movement resulting from
a converging flow of air generally parallel to base 18 and
indicated by applied arrows in FIG. 1. Rotation of the turbine, via
means later described, drives an abrading disc D at a reduced
rotational speed.
A gear reduction drive is indicated generally at 20 having a pinion
gear 21 driven by the turbine by means of a hollow shaft 22
journalled within a bearing 24. A flange at 22A is in attachment
with base 18 of the turbine to complete the driving connection
between the turbine base 18 and pinion gear 21. Said flange
additionally serves to block an axial airflow. Pinion 21 is housed
in a gear case 23 of the reduction drive. Bearings at 25, 26
receive a spindle at 27 the latter carrying transmission gears 28
and 29.
An output shaft is indicated at 30, journalled within a bearing 31
on the lower wall of the gear case 23, which shaft carries a final
gear 34 of the reduction drive. The upper end of a shaft 30 is
coaxially journalled within hollow shaft 22 which in operation
rotates in the same direction but of course at a higher speed. The
hollow shaft 22 is desirably provided with an insertable internal
bearing sleeve of the self-lubricating type material.
The reduction drive 20, housed within the gear case 23, includes an
upper wall indicated at 32 which extends outwardly for removable
attachment at 33 to the housings lower section 2. The wall 32 is
provided with a series of openings 32A for passage of incoming air
and the dust particles carried thereby. That portion of the wall
comprising part of gear case 23 is solid to prevent entry of
foreign matter into the gear case.
For directing incoming air over the work surface and past the
periphery of the abrading disc D I provide a circular air barrier
35 radially spaced from said disc. The barrier is of a semi-rigid
plastic material normally having its lower edge 35A in closely
spaced relationship to the work surface. For attaching said barrier
to the housing structure 2 a ring member at 36 is threaded at 37
for screwed engagement with cooperating threads 38 on the housing
skirt section 2. The barrier 35 accordingly acts to restrict
somewhat the airflow entering the housing to effect a reduced air
pressure within same and especially over that portion of the work
surface circumjacent the disc D.
With attention to FIGS. 1 and 2 it will be seen that the airflow is
upwardly through the large apertures 32A in the wall 32 and thence
outwardly for passage around the periphery of the circular turbine
base 18. Clearance at 40 in FIG. 1 between the curved edges of the
fins 17 and the inner surface of the housing 1 constitutes an air
passageway for distribution of the airflow upwardly along each fin
17. The source of reduced air pressure, in communication with the
housing interior via the tubular member 10 and collar 12, exhausts
air from a central area at 41 of the turbine. The airflow is
generally horizontal, as viewed in FIG. 1 and with additional
attention to FIG. 3 it will be seen that clockwise rotation is
thereby imparted to the turbine 16. As earlier described turbine
rotation is imparted to shaft 22 via the flange 22A thereon and
thence to the gear reduction drive. The speed of disc rotation will
be largely determined by the negative pressure source, the surface
being worked on and, obviously, the gear reduction drive ratio.
In operation the conduit member 10 may serve as a hand hold for the
device with its universal attachment to the housing permitting
relative movement therebetween as the abrading device is moved
along a work surface.
The reduced air pressure within the housing acts upon that
annularly shaped area circumjacent the periphery of disc D to urge
the device into surface contact. This feature in conjunction with
components of lightweight materials provides a highly maneuverable
device applicable to the treating of all types of wall surfaces and
like planar surfaces of other large structures. The surface so
treated is both smooth and clean for finishing as by painting.
The ring 36 may be adjusted upon the threads 38 of housing section
2 to space the lower terminus 35A of the barrier 35 from the work
surface to best accomplish the objective of particle removal. It
will be apparent that in use the barrier 35 will not at all times
be uniformly spaced from the work surface as some slight tipping of
the device will occur.
For regulating the flow of incoming air, in a convenient manner, it
is desirable that the tubular member 10 be provided with an air
inlet with manually adjustable closure means at 42 disposed
thereover. The operator may accordingly regulate or stop operation
of the abrading device while permitting the source of reduced air
pressure to continue operation. Additionally, the housing 1 may be
provided with at least one port having a positionable closure plate
mounted thereover for permitting a regulated flow into said housing
with a resultant lessening of negative air pressure in that area
circumjacent disc D. The flow of incoming air through said last
mentioned area would accordingly be reduced.
While I have shown but one embodiment of the invention it will be
apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention may be
embodied still otherwise without departing from the spirit and
scope of the invention.
* * * * *