U.S. patent number 3,721,111 [Application Number 04/820,088] was granted by the patent office on 1973-03-20 for closed toe hosiery.
This patent grant is currently assigned to G. Billi C. S.p.A.. Invention is credited to Giorgio Billi.
United States Patent |
3,721,111 |
Billi |
March 20, 1973 |
CLOSED TOE HOSIERY
Abstract
A closed toe for a circularly knit hose made upon the machine
making the hose and comprising a deformed two-ply closed tubular
welt structure wherein the circular seam joining the plies of the
welt together is located in the outer ply of the welt between the
ends thereof whereby the seam and the deformation of the welt are
located on the sole side of the toe portion of the hose. The method
of making the aforesaid closed toe construction by knitting a pair
of nested separate tubular sections of fabric of unequal lengths as
extension of the tubular foot of the hose and of then joining
together the terminal portions of the tubular fabric
extensions.
Inventors: |
Billi; Giorgio (Firenze,
IT) |
Assignee: |
G. Billi C. S.p.A. (Florence,
IT)
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Family
ID: |
11112741 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/820,088 |
Filed: |
April 29, 1969 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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May 3, 1968 [IT] |
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4547 A/68 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
66/187 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D04B
9/56 (20130101); D04B 1/26 (20130101); D04B
1/108 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
D04B
9/00 (20060101); D04B 9/46 (20060101); D04b
009/56 () |
Field of
Search: |
;66/187,185,186,182,173,170 ;2/239 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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28,420 |
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May 1964 |
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DL |
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745,966 |
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Feb 1933 |
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FR |
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270,202 |
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Feb 1914 |
|
DT |
|
Primary Examiner: Reynolds; Wm. Carter
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A stocking knit from top to toe and having a foot portion of
which the toe end thereof is provided with a two ply circularly
knit tubular turned welt, said two plies comprising an inner and an
outer ply, the said inner and outer plies commonly extending from a
single ply circularly knit tubular fabric comprising the sole and
instep sections of said foot portion and commonly forming a fold
line at the terminus of said welt, the fabric of said plies
adjacent said fold line being deformed to close the otherwise open
end of said welt thereby to provide a closed toe for said stocking,
said inner and outer plies being of equal lengths and being formed
of a pair of circularly knit tubular fabric sections of unequal
lenths, each of said pair of tubular sections being knit in
continuation of the terminal course of said single ply tubular
section, and the terminal courses of said pair of tubular sections
being joined by a knit course thereby to form said welt.
2. A stocking in claim 1 wherein a plurality of courses are knit in
continuation of the terminal course of each of said tubular
sections.
3. A stocking as in claim 1 wherein the shorter of said tubular
sections has as many wales as and is knit in continuation of, all
of the wales of said single ply tubular section, and wherein the
longer of said tubular sections has fewer wales than, and is knit
in continuation of, spaced wales of said single ply tubular
section.
4. A stocking as in claim 3 wherein said inner ply and a portion of
said outer ply of said welt is made of the longer of said tubular
sections and wherein the remainder of said outer ply of said welt
is made of the shorter of said tubular sections.
5. A stocking as in claim 4 wherein the said portion of said outer
ply of said welt is positioned on the sole side of said closed toe.
Description
THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to the art of knitting and
more particularly to circularly knit hose having the toes thereof
closed on the machine making the hose and to the method of making
the same.
In the art of circular knit hose the toes of which are closed on
the machine making the hose, a two-ply tubular welt is provided for
the toe of the hose and the closing of the toe is effected, on the
machine, by special manipulation or deformation of the plies of the
welt, prior to the completion of the welt itself, so that when the
welt is completed, its deformed plies form a closed or constricted
end for the toe of the hose. One method of special manipulation for
the plies of the welt is to twist the same relative to each other
at the fold line of the welt, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
3,327,500, and, in a second method, a plurality of turns of yarn
are placed about the fold line of the welt to constrict the
same.
Once the welt plies have been so manipulated, the welt itself is
completed by joining together the first and the last courses
thereof along what may be termed a welt juncture course. The
overall walewise length of the two plies of the completed welt must
be sufficient, as a minimum, to permit the plies of the welt to be
twisted or to be otherwise constricted while stitches of at least
one of the plies are still on the cylinder needles of the machine
upon which the welt is being made. The welt juncture course is
spaced from the fold line of the welt by half the overall length of
the two plies of the welt and since there is a minimum length for
the welt fabric (which is determined by the diameter of the needle
cylinder of the machine), the result is that the welt juncture
course is spaced from the end of the toe sufficiently so that it
encircles the toe of the finished hose and, particularly in the
case of hose which are knit from top to toe, causes the toe to
present an unsightly appearance with the juncture line and the toe
constriction being visible.
It is the principal object of the present invention to provide
circularly knit hose with an improved closed toe made on the
machine making the hose wherein the appearance of the toe portion
of the hose is more pleasing than that of the prior art and to
provide a method of making the same.
It is an important object of the present invention to provide
circularly knit hose with a two-ply tubular closed welt structure
made on the machine making the hose in which the closure of the
welt and the welt juncture course are disposed on the sole side of
the toe portion of the hose and to provide a method of making the
same.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide circularly
knit hose with a two-ply welt closed toe structure made on the
machine making the hose in which the welt juncture course is
disposed within one of the plies of the welt between the ends
thereof and to provide a method of making the same.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a
circularly knit hose with a two-ply tubular welt structure for the
toe portion of the hose wherein the welt is formed of a pair of
tubular sections of fabric of unequal lengths and to provide a
method of making the same.
The several objects and advantages of the present invention will be
readily apparent from the following detailed description of a
preferred embodiment thereof and of the process for making the same
to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings showing the
same and from the appended claims.
IN THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatically illustrated vertical section of
portions of the needle cylinder and of the welt dial of a circular
knitting machine upon which my invention may be performed and
showing the start of the process of forming my improved two-ply
closed tubular welt toe structure for a circular knit stocking
wherein the tubular fabric of the foot of the stocking has been
made upon all of the cylinder needles and wherein the fabric which
will form part of the two-ply toe welt is being made upon alternate
cylinder needles while the foot fabric is retained upon the
inactive intervening cylinder needles.
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the next stage in the
process wherein the formation of the fabric on the alternate
cylinder needles has been completed, wherein yarn of a course of
the aforesaid fabric adjacent the end thereof has been placed upon
the transfer hooks of the welt dial and wherein a plurality of
courses have been knit following the aforesaid transfer course, the
final course of fabric still being upon the alternate cylinder
needles.
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing the next step in the
process wherein the fabric is cast off from the alternate cylinder
needles knitting the same and leaving the cast off fabric impaled
upon the transfer hooks.
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing the next stage of the
process wherein all of the cylinder needles commence knitting
tubular fabric in extension of the foot fabric.
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 showing a still later stage in
the process wherein all of the fabric of the foot extension has
been knit and wherein the fabric previously knit upon the alternate
needles has been constricted about the axis of the needle cylinder
by rotating the dial relative to the cylinder as shown in the
Currier U.S. Pat. No. 3,327,500.
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 showing the final stages in the
process wherein the course of fabric previously held upon the
transfer hooks is transferred to the cylinder needles preparatory
to knitting a plurality of courses of fabric thereon and after
which the completed hose is cast off from the machine.
FIG. 7 is a diagrammatically illustrated section through the
constricted two-ply toe welt and the adjacent portion of the
stocking foot as it comes from the machine.
FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7 showing the change in the
relative disposition of the two-ply welt induced by rotation of the
dial relative to the needle cylinder.
FIG. 9 is a side elevational view of my improved closed toe and the
adjoining foot portion of the stocking after being shaped in the
boarding process.
FIG. 10 is a diagrammatically illustrated vertical section through
the foot and toe portions of the stocking shown in FIG. 9.
FIG. 11 is a bottom plan view of the foot and toe portions of the
stocking shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 as taken on lines X1 -- X1
thereof.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the stitches along the
courses where the terminal portion of the fabric knit upon all of
the needles is joined to the terminal portion of the fabric knit
upon the alternate needles to join the two ply toe welt
structure.
The construction of my improved closed toe formation for circular
knit hose and the method of making the same may be understood by
referring to the drawings in which, in FIGS. 1 through 6, the
cylinder needles of the machine are indicated at 1X and at 1Y of
which the needles 1Y are the alternate ones and the needles 1X are
the intervening ones. The machine, which may be of the usual type
for the formation of ladies hose, is provided with a welt dial
adjacent the upper end of the needle cylinder and in which there is
a circular series of convention-ally shaped radially slidable
transfer hooks 3.
Referring now to FIG. 1, the tubular fabric of the stocking foot,
which has been knit upon all of the cylinder needles, 1X and 1Y, is
indicated at M. At this point, the intervening needles 1X are made
inactive and are retained in lowered idle position with the
corresponding intervening stitches of the terminal course of fabric
M thereon while the alternate needles 1Y continue to knit tubular
fabric in continuation of the corresponding alternate stitches of
the terminal course of fabric M, the fabric so being knit upon half
of the needles 1Y being indicated by dotted lines at A. The fabric
A, two progressive positions of which are shown in FIG. 1 as the
knitting thereof proceeds, is folded over upon itself between its
starting point, on the needles 1X, and the needles 1Y upon which it
is being knit. The fabric A will form the inner ply and part of the
outer ply of the finished two-ply welt of which the closed toe is
to be formed.
The knitting of fabric A continues, as shown in FIG. 2, until a
predetermined amount thereof is made, the amount of fabric A made,
however, is insufficient in itself to permit the folded-over
central portion thereof to reach to the axis of the needle cylinder
and is thereof insufficient to form a closed toe. Terminal courses
of fabric A are indicated at A1, A2 and A3 of FIG. 12. Thereafter,
the transfer hooks 3 are moved radially outward in position to
receive thereon loops 5 of a course A4 of the fabric A and then the
needles 1Y continue to knit a plurality of terminal courses B1 and
B2 indicated at B. While only two courses B1 and B3 are shown, for
illustrative purposes, it will be understood that the number of
such courses will be sufficient to form the band of fabric B. The
courses or band of fabric B serve to prevent the formation of runs
once the fabric B has been cast off from the needles and this is
shown in FIG. 3 where the loops 5 of the fabric A are still
retained upon the transfer hooks 3.
Then, as shown in FIG. 4, knitting commences upon all of the
cylinder needles, 1X and 1Y, to knit tubular fabric C, starting
along the line Z, in continuation of the foot fabric M. It may be
noted that the start of fabric A was also from the line Z of the
fabric M. After a sufficient amount of the fabric C has been knit,
as shown in FIG. 5, to permit the fold in fabric A to reach to the
axis of the needle cylinder, the total fabric, comprising the
tubular sections A and C of which the latter is shorter, which now
extends between the needles 1X and 1Y and the hooks 3 and which
together are to form two plies of a tubular welt, may be acted upon
to deform the welt plies to close the end of the knit tube. The
welt dial, containing the hooks 3 upon which one end of the fabric
A is impaled, may be stopped from rotating, relative to the needle
cylinder, for one rotation of the machine whereby the two plies of
the welt will be twisted relative to each other to close the end of
the tube as shown at L. It will be seen that the fabric A forms one
ply of the welt and part of the second ply, the remainder of which
is formed by the fabric C. Terminal courses of fabric C are
indicated at C1, C2 and C3, FIG. 12.
Once the welt structure has been centrally closed, the loops 5 of
the fabric A are transferred from the hooks 3 to the needles, FIG.
6, upon which there are the stitches C4 of course C3 of fabric C,
these loops 5 and stitches C4 then being joined together by
stitches E1 of course E2 to close the welt by knitting on the
cylinder needles 1X and 1Y, the needles continuing to knit a
plurality of terminal courses E3 and E4 indicated at E, FIG. 7.
While only two courses E3 and E4 are shown, for illustrative
purposes, it will be understood that the number of such courses
will be sufficient to form the band of fabric E. The courses or
band of fabric E serve to prevent the formation of runs once the
fabric E, as well as the completed hose, has been cast off from the
machine.
The yarn of courses A1, A2, A3, A4, B1 and B2, indicating fabrics A
and B, respectively, are shown stippled, while the yarn of courses
C1, C2, C3, E2, E3 and E4, indicating fabrics C and E,
respectively, are shown plain.
The foot and toe fabric, as it comes from the machine, FIG. 7, is
not properly proportioned to fit the food of the wearer for the
reason that the extent of the fabric A, inside the toe, between the
turns of yarn L an the course Z, is substantially less than the
extent of the fabric A plus the fabric C, outside the toe, between
the same two points. When the foot and toe are placed upon an
appropriately shaped form, such as may be used as part of the
boarding process in which hose made of thermoplastic yarns are heat
shaped, the constriction of the welt, whether it be by twisting or
by turns of the yarn L, is caused to be moved to the end of the
toe, as shown in FIG. 8, wherein the inner and outer plies of the
welt are now of substantially equal extent. It will be seen that
the band of fabric B is between the two plies of the welt, the band
of fabric E is on the outer side of the outer ply and that the
juncture closure for completion of the welt, where the bands of
fabric B and E are located, is in the outer ply of the welt
approximately midway between the end of the toe and the line Z at
which the two welt plies began. The position of the welt juncture,
where the bands E and B are located, will vary depending upon the
relative lengths of the fabrics A and C, the total extent of the
fabrics A and C together being sufficient to permit the twisting --
or the yarn constricture of the welt plies on the machine before
the welt plies are joined together.
In the heat shaping process, when the foot and toe of the hose are
placed upon the shaped boarding forms, the fabric of the foot and
toe is manipulated on the forms so that it assumes the relationship
shown in FIG. 9 and, once the heat setting process is finished, the
foot and toe permanently retain such relationship. In this
arrangement it will be noted that the welt juncture line with its
band of fabric B and E, as well as the central toe closure
indicated at L, are located on the bottom or sole side of the toe
of the hose and are not visible on the upper or instep side of the
foot and toe when the hose is worn. Thus a more pleasing effect is
provided when the hose is worn since the only portion of the closed
toe welt structure visible on the top of the foot and toe is the
fabric C in which there may be a pattern of mesh or of other
decorative stitches to further increase the appearance of the hose.
It is because the present construction provides for the joining
together or the juncture of the welt plies to be located nearer to
the end of the toe, that the juncture of the welt plies, the bands
of fabric B and E and the closed end of the toe are disposed on the
bottom side of the finished stocking toe.
It may be noted that inasmuch as the point of novelty of the
present invention is primarily in the construction of and the
manner in which the two ply toe welt structure itself is made, (of
a pair of circularly knit tubular fabric sections of unequal
lengths), it follows that any method, conventional or otherwise, of
deforming or gathering or constricting the welt structure to close
the same, may be used since the point of novelty, (the formation of
the welt itself), has no specific inter-relationship with the
manner in which the welt structure is closed.
* * * * *