U.S. patent number 3,720,975 [Application Number 05/114,996] was granted by the patent office on 1973-03-20 for toothbrushes.
Invention is credited to Stanley E. Nelson.
United States Patent |
3,720,975 |
Nelson |
March 20, 1973 |
TOOTHBRUSHES
Abstract
A toothbrush adapted for finger manipulation and especially
adapted for use at the cervical areas of teeth. A
finger-manipulation member has thereon an array of bristles
arranged in a formation along an axis extending forwardly from the
member, the bristles being of progressively increasing lengths in a
direction rearwardly from the front or leading end of the array,
the foremost bristles being proportioned for initial entry within
the space at the cervical portions of two adjacent teeth, thereby
to provide an opening wedge for entry of the longer bristles
therebehind. The finger member is positioned at the rear end of the
array of bristles, so that the direct push of an operatively
positioned finger will be in the direction of the axis toward the
plane of the teeth to be brushed.
Inventors: |
Nelson; Stanley E. (New York,
NY) |
Family
ID: |
22358712 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/114,996 |
Filed: |
February 12, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
15/167.1; 15/106;
15/206 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A46B
5/04 (20130101); A46B 7/04 (20130101); A46B
2200/108 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A46B
5/04 (20060101); A46B 7/00 (20060101); A46B
7/04 (20060101); A46B 5/00 (20060101); A46b
003/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;15/106,167R,159,206
;132/89,93 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,259 |
|
Jan 1898 |
|
GB |
|
679,174 |
|
Jul 1939 |
|
DD |
|
Primary Examiner: Machlin; Leon G.
Claims
I claim:
1. A toothbrush comprising a finger-manipulable member, an
elongated stem having front and rear ends, the rear end of the stem
being connected to said finger-manipulable member, said stem
extending forwardly from said finger-manipulable member, and a
longitudinal array of bristles secured to said stem and extending
forwardly thereon and being at forwardly inclined angles with
respect to said stem, said bristles extending radially from said
stem in circumferential arrangement around said stem and being of
progressively increasing lengths in a direction rearwardly from the
leading end of said stem towards said member, such that the array
of bristles is of substantially conical configuration with said
stem in axial position and with the apical portion thereof at said
leading end, the foremost bristles of said array being proportioned
for entry into a space of predetermined proportions representing
the space between the cervical portions of two adjacent teeth, said
bristles being of flexible, resilient material to flex with respect
to said stem when operatively disposed within the space between the
cervical portions of two adjacent teeth and engaged by the
interproximal areas of the adjacent teeth and to return to their
respective normal unflexed positions when operatively disposed
behind said teeth, said member including a finger-engageable push
portion in proximity with and entirely behind said bristles to
enable a finger in operative engagement with said member at said
push portion to apply forward pressure on said stem and said array
of bristles in the longitudinal direction thereof.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. The Field of the Invention
This invention relates to toothbrushes, and is particularly
directed to toothbrushes adapted for mounting upon or manipulable
by a finger and especially for use at the cervical areas of
teeth.
2. The Known Art
There are various forms of finger-supported toothbrushes the
respective values of which reside mainly in their compactness,
disposability and manipulability. While certain of such known
devices can be made accessible to teeth not conveniently reachable
by the conventional handle type of brush, they have the
disadvantage of ineffectiveness at the interproximal, crevicular
cervical areas as well as at the front and rear gingival marginal
portions of the teeth. The clusters of bristles in such known
devices, as well as in other conventional toothbrushes, are not
arranged so that they can progressively enter and penetrate the
spaces between the teeth, especially at gingival regions, the
bunching together of the bristles and their buckling and folding
against the front surfaces of the teeth under finger pressure
causing a clogging of the entrance to such spaces. The continued
application of direct finger pressure, such as occurs with
finger-mounted toothbrushes, often results in an abrasion of the
gums -- in addition to leaving untouched the accumulated plaque at
the cervical portions of the teeth and particularly at their
critical marginal interfaces. The plaque, starting as a thin film,
thus builds up in thickness, resulting in destructive caries,
marginal periodontic disease and gingivitis, despite repeated
brushing. To prevent further deterioration of such conditions, it
is generally necessary to resort to expensive and at times painful
periodontal work, often followed by prolonged auxiliary procedures.
Moreover, it is an accepted fact that after such periodontal
treatment the plaque build-up process begins again, with resultant
adverse effects. The need is daily preventive procedure, and that,
for the reasons given above, cannot be provided by the known
devices; and the only alternative, resorting to daily professional
periodontal procedures, is obviously out of the question.
OBJECT OF THIS INVENTION
It is the objective of my invention to provide a toothbrush having
none of the above-mentioned shortcomings of known devices of this
category, and which is capable of effectively removing plaque and
other accumulations at the sites of their accumulations,
particularly at the interproximal, front and rear gingival marginal
areas of the teeth -- at their entire cervical circumferences and
beneath the gums -- by simple finger manipulations, thereby
obviating the resort to professional procedures for treating the
above-referred-to periodontal conditions. It is a further object of
this invention to accomplish the aforesaid objective by means of a
novel finger-manipulated brush whereby the manipulating finger tip
is in position for close tactical control of the bristles, and
wherein said bristles are arranged and proportioned for gradual and
progressive entry into and movement within, and lingually beyond,
the cervical space between two adjacent teeth, whereby said
bristles are effectively engageable with front, interproximal and
rear marginal areas to remove plaque formations, and to effect a
light massaging of the marginal gum portions. And a further object
is to provide a simple, inexpensive and easily applied dental brush
device capable of performing the functions above mentioned.
Other objects, features and advantages will appear from the
drawings and the description hereafter given.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The essential feature of the invention resides in an array of
flexible and preferably resilient bristles mounted upon a
finger-manipulable member, the bristles being arranged in a
formation extending forwardly of said member and being of
progressively increasing lengths in the direction rearwardly from
the front or leading end of the array, the foremost bristles being
proportioned for initial entry within a predetermined space
representing the space between the cervical marginal portions of
two adjacent teeth. The arrangement is such that, upon direct
finger pressure at the rear of the array, towards the plane of the
teeth, the relatively short leading bristles will enter said space,
displacing the gum a slight amount, and thereby providing an
opening wedge for entry into said space of the progressively longer
bristles, whereby progressively greater areas of the cervical
portions of the adjacent teeth are operatively engaged and cleansed
by the bristles. Upon a continued manual pushing of the cluster of
bristles in a lingual direction, first the foremost and then
rearwardly disposed bristles emerge behind the teeth whereby, upon
suitable manipulation of the device, the rear cervical portions of
the adjacent teeth are operatively brushed and cleansed by the
adjacent bristles.
In a preferred form of this invention the said finger-manipulable
member is shaped for frictional mounting upon the tip of a finger,
the said array of bristles being of conical configuration with the
apical portion thereof comprising the said leading end, said finger
member being positioned at the base portion of the cluster, whereby
the operative pushing action of the finger will be in the axial
direction of the conical array and substantially normal to the
plane of the teeth to be brushed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a front elevation of a toothbrush showing one embodiment
of my invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view thereof.
FIG. 3 is a sectional plan view of two adjacent teeth and showing
the device of FIG. 1 operatively mounted on a finger and in a
position in front of the teeth just prior to the operative entry of
the bristles in the space at the cervical region of the teeth.
FIG. 4 is a section of FIG. 3 taken substantially along line
4--4.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary top view of the device of FIG. 3
rotated into the vertical plane, the finger being removed, showing
an operatively advanced position of the device in engagement with
opposite cervical portions of the two teeth.
FIG. 6 is a view substantially like FIG. 5 but showing a further
advanced position, with the front portion of the array of bristles
positioned behind the teeth.
FIG. 7 is a front view of a modified form of my invention.
FIG. 8 is a front view of another modified form of this invention
showing two operatively mounted arrays of bristles.
FIG. 9 is still another modified form of this invention also with
two oppositely positioned arrays of bristles.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The embodiment of my invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 comprises a
finger-manipulable member 10 in the form of a ring adapted to be
mounted upon a finger, and a longitudinal array of bristles 11
extending forwardly from said member 10. In the particular
embodiment illustrated the member 10 has a forwardly extending boss
12 from which extends the bristle-supporting stem 13. The
individual bristles 14 are made of thin flexible, resilient
material, and are arranged in a formation along said stem of
progressively increasing lengths in the direction rearwardly from
the leading end 15 of said array, the foremost bristles 14a being
shortest and being proportioned for initial entry within the space
between the cervical portions of two adjacent teeth, as will more
clearly appear from the description hereinafter given. The
configuration of the illustrated preferred bristle array 11 is
substantially conical, the apical portion being in the region of
the said leading end 15 thereof, the base at the rearmost bristles
14b, and said stem 13 along the axis, the individual bristles
extending substantially radially from the stem but being slightly
forwardly inclined, for reasons which will be explained below.
FIGS. 3 to 6, inclusive, illustrate the operative use of this
device. The areas to be cleaned are the cervical portions 16 and 17
on adjacent teeth, in the region of the gum line 18. The device,
with the member 10 mounted on the finger 21 as shown in FIG. 3, is
first positioned with the foremost bristles 14a in front of the
cervical space 22 adjacent the gum line 18 between the two teeth 19
and 20, the finger then applying a direct push against the portion
10a thereof, at times hereinafter referred to as the "push portion"
directly behind said array, towards and in the direction A
substantially normal to the front plane of said teeth. Since the
tip of the finger engaging the said push portion 10a is directly
behind the array of bristles 11, the leading bristles 14a can be
operatively positioned precisely at the right spot, and the
cleansing manipulations, described below, accurately
controlled.
Upon the continued forward push of the device under the controlled
action of the finger 21, the short leading bristles 14a and those
immediately behind will first engage the front laterally opposite
cervical portions of the teeth and then, upon entering the space
22, will engage the opposite interproximal cervical portions 16 and
17 of the teeth 19 and 20, respectively. Since the said space is
relatively narrow, the laterally opposite leading bristles will,
upon engagement with the said cervical portions 16 and 17, be bent
back and partly flattened toward the stem 13 as shown in FIG. 5;
but inasmuch as the bristles are resilient, they will yieldably
press against said cervical portions 16 and 17 as the device is
being operatively moved forwardly. More specifically, first the
leading bristles 14a impinge upon the teeth, effecting the initial
abrasive action of breaking up of the plaque thereon, this action
continuing as the bristles are being bent back and while they are
in their fully bent-back positions. The resulting bristle pressures
in laterally opposite directions upon the cervical portions 16 and
17 while in the process of being bent back, and the yieldable
pressure exerted by the fully bent back bristles against said
cervical portions, cause a progressive eroding action on the plaque
film.
It is noteworthy that upon the entrance of the leading bristles,
such as 14a, into the cervical space 22, the upper portions of said
bristles engage the marginal portion of the gum 18 above said space
22, causing a slight retraction thereof, as indicated in FIG. 4 by
the upwardly curved marginal gum portion 18a, thereby slightly
enlarging the said space 22. The said short leading bristles thus
in effect prepare a path for the entry of the rearwardly disposed
longer bristles.
The continued forward movement of the device causes the
progressively longer bristles to enter the space 22 and be bent
back in the manner above described. With the increasing length of
the bristles the force of the abrasive action is progressively
increased, since longer bristles confined in the same space as the
shorter bristles will exert correspondingly greater pressure
against the teeth. Thus there is the desirable action of a
progressively increasing abrasive action and a consequent gradual
eroding of the plaque film.
When, upon the continued forward movement of the device, the
foremost bristles emerge behind the teeth, as shown in FIG. 6, they
will spring back into their normal positions, due to their
resiliency. A to and fro movement, as well as a circular movement,
will then cause a plaque-abrading action of the bristles at the
lingual cervical portions 23 and 24, as well as at the
interproximal and front cervical portions of the teeth.
I have found that the daily use of my invention as above described
effectively removes plaque accumulations at the cervical areas, and
serves as an efficient dental disease preventive at the
circumferential portions of cervical areas.
The bristles in the form of my invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 and
6 are shown as being forwardly inclined with respect to the stem
13. With this construction the tips 14c of the bristles impinge
directly upon the front cervical portions 25 and 26 as the device
is being moved forwardly towards the plane of the teeth, said tips
then sliding outwardly against the teeth as the bristle array 11
moves into and through the space 22, thereby effectively initiating
the plaque-eroding action of each bristle.
The form of my invention shown in FIG. 7 has a finger-manipulable
member 27 of an open loop configuration, thereby enabling the
finger to be readily slipped into and out of position through the
opening 28. The array of bristles 29 is substantially like that of
the form above described, except that the bristles 30 are not
inclined with respect to the stem, but normal with respect thereto.
The operative use of this form of my invention is substantially
like that of the first form described.
FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of my invention having a U-shaped
finger manipulable member 31 with two opposite bristle-supporting
arms 32 and 33 supporting the respective bristle arrays 34 and 35,
the bristle arrangement on each array being substantially like that
of the form first above described. The value of this arrangement is
that it can conveniently be used with either hand, one bristle
array being operable by a finger of one hand and the other array by
a finger of the other hand, whichever is more convenient to the
user.
FIG. 9 illustrates another double bristle array construction, the
finger manipulable member being a bar 36 supporting at opposite
ends 37 and 38 the respective bristle arrays 39 and 40. The
manipulating fingers are applied to one or the other of said end
portions 37 and 38, thereby to exert controlled direct operative
pressures on the respective bristle arrays substantially in the
manner above described. In this embodiment the bristles of the two
arrays are illustrated as of different qualities and physical
properties, the bristle array 39 being shown as composed of
bristles of greater thickness, and hence stiffer, than the bristles
of array 40. The bristles of one array may be operatively employed
before the other, as required by prevailing conditions, to produce
an effective progressive plaque-eroding action or to produce a
smoother finished surface; or, if deemed necessary, one of the
bristle arrays may be impregnated with a suitable mild abrasive,
such as zirconium silicate, and the other left clean.
In accordance with my invention the bristles may be mounted in any
known manner, such as fastened to a stem or core, or made an
integral part of a one-piece moulded device.
In the above description, the invention has been disclosed merely
by way of example and in preferred manner; but obviously many
variations and modifications may be made therein. It is to be
understood, therefore, that the invention is not limited to any
particular form or manner of practicing same.
* * * * *