U.S. patent number 3,718,996 [Application Number 05/111,533] was granted by the patent office on 1973-03-06 for flexible linkages.
Invention is credited to Marcus Luther Austin.
United States Patent |
3,718,996 |
Austin |
March 6, 1973 |
FLEXIBLE LINKAGES
Abstract
A flexible linkage for supporting, reinforcing or similar
purposes comprising a link structure which in section is of
corrugated form and extends between and is connected with two or
more members to be interconnected. The link structure distributes
any bending stress applied to the structure over a greater length
an thus over a greater area of material and consequently the
resultant bending moment at any point along the length of the link
is less than would be the case for a plain or non-corrugated
link.
Inventors: |
Austin; Marcus Luther (Bedford,
EN) |
Family
ID: |
22339067 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/111,533 |
Filed: |
February 1, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
36/67B;
36/102 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43C
15/161 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A43C
15/16 (20060101); A43C 15/00 (20060101); A43c
015/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;36/66,59R,67A,67B,67D,32R,3A |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lawson; Patrick D.
Claims
I claim:
1. A flexible linkage for supporting, reinforcing or like purposes
comprising a link structure in the form of a mesh having its
members interconnected at the intersections and the portions
disposed intermediate such connections, in at least one direction
of the mesh structure being of corrugated form, the mesh structure
extending between and being connected to two or more elements to be
interconnected whereby bending stress is distributed over
substantially the entire length and thus over substantially the
entire area of material encompassing said link structure and the
resulting bending moment at any point along the length of the link
structure is less than in the case of a plane link structure.
2. A linkage according to claim 1 wherein the connected portions at
the zone of interconnection are constructed of a shape to
facilitate stress dispersal.
3. A linkage according to claim 1 wherein at least some of the
connected portions are formed with integral projections such as
studs or spikes.
4. A linkage according to claim 1 wherein at least some of the
connected portions are threaded to receive projections such as
studs.
5. A linkage according to claim 1 wherein the mesh structure is
formed of a plastic material.
6. A linkage according to claim 1 and in which said mesh structure
is embedded within the thickness of the sole of a shoe to act as a
reinforcement of the sole.
7. A linkage according to claim 1 acting as a reinforcing flex
controlling member within the thickness of an article.
8. A flexible linkage for supporting, reinforcing or like purposes
comprising a structure in the form of a mesh having its members at
the intersections interconnected and wherein first portions
disposed intermediate such connections extending in one direction
of the mesh structure and interconnecting two adjacent connected
members are formed with corrugations and second portions extending
at an angle to the first portions and interconnecting two other
adjacent connected members are of plane form.
9. A flexible linkage for supporting, reinforcing or like purposes,
comprising a structure in the form of a mesh having its members at
the intersections interconnected and the portions disposed
intermediate such connections, in at least one direction of the
mesh structure, being of corrugated form, said linkage being
embedded within the thickness of the sole of a shoe to act as a
reinforcement for the sole of said shoe, and projections supported
by said mesh structure and projecting from the lower face of the
sole of said shoe. 10A flexible linkage for supporting, reinforcing
or like purposes, comprising a structure in the form of a mesh
having its members at the intersections interconnected and the
portions disposed intermediate such connections, in at least one
direction of the mesh structure, being of corrugated form, said
linkage being embedded within the thickness of a sole of relatively
soft material having studs projecting from the outer face of the
sole of said shoe, and projections extending from said linkage
through said sole and into said studs to
thereby reinforce said studs. 11. A flexible linkage for
supporting, reinforcing or like purposes, comprising a structure in
the form of a mesh having its members at the intersections
interconnected and the portions disposed intermediate such
connections, in at least one direction of the mesh structure, being
of corrugated form, said linkage being embedded within the
thickness of the sole of a shoe to act as a reinforcement for the
sole of said shoe, and projections supported by said mesh structure
and projecting downwardly therefrom, said projections terminating
at the
outer face of the sole of said shoe to form anti-slip means. 12. A
flexible linkage for supporting, reinforcing, or like purposes,
comprising a structure in the form of a mesh having its members at
the intersections interconnected and the portions disposed
intermediate such connections in at least one direction of the mesh
structure being of corrugated form said corrugated portion tapering
in width from one connected portion to
another. 13. A flexible link structure for supporting, reinforcing
or like purposes wherein the link structure is of corrugated form
in section and extends between and is connected to two or more
members to be interconnected whereby bending stress is distributed
over a greater length and thus over a larger area of material
encompassing said link structure and the resulting bending moment
at any point along the length of the link is less than in the case
of a plane link, and the corrugations between any two connected
portions differ in wave form from the portions interconnecting
another pair of portions.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to flexible linkage for supporting,
reinforcing or like purposes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide a flexible controllable
link structure arranged between two or more parts or members which
enables said members to maintain their relative positions but to
flex or pivot independently and wherein the connecting or
supporting structure can flex without inducing residual stress and
fatigue within said structure.
According to one feature of this invention a link structure is of
corrugated form in section and extends between two or more members
to be interconnected, whereby bending stress is distributed over a
greater length and thus over a larger area of material, and the
resulting bending moment is less at any point along the length than
in the case of a plane connection.
According to a further feature of the invention, a link or
supporting or reinforcing structure is in the form of a mesh having
its intersections interconnected and the portions disposed
intermediate such connections being of corrugated form.
The corrugations between any two connected portions may be the same
as between any other pair of such portions or may differ in wave
form or thickness of material or both, to control overall
deflection and permitted flexing of said portion.
The linkage in its simplest form comprises a single continuous
connection along the whole or parts of the lateral length of the
portions to be connected whether the lengths of the respective
portions are the same or not.
The connected portions at the connections may be of flat form or
curved or dome-like. Such an arrangement facilitates stress
dispersal, particularly when the connection at an intersection is
enclosed or partially embedded in another material. Moreover, the
corrugated waveform may be of sinusoidal, cosinusoidal or double
cosinusoidal form.
If desired or advisable, depending on the purpose of the link
structure, some or all of the connected portions may be formed with
integral or replaceable projections such as studs or spikes or with
threaded thimbles or the like to receive such projections. In the
case of a mesh structure some or all of the intersections may be
formed as above-mentioned with projections or threaded thimbles.
Alternatively, the interconnections may be threaded.
In a simple application the link structure may be embedded within
the thickness of a sports shoe sole, the corrugated links
interconnecting a series of spikes or studs projecting from the
outer face of the sole.
Alternatively, a mesh structure embedded in a shoe sole may have
projections formed thereon which protrude through the lower face of
the sole.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be hereinafter described by way of example with
reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIGS. 1 and 2 show in perspective view two examples of a continuous
link;
FIG. 3 shows in side elevation a continuous link connecting
laterally spaced members;
FIG. 4 shows in perspective a mesh type link structure;
FIG. 5 shows in examples A-E different forms of corrugations;
FIG. 6 shows diagrammatically a link interconnecting spikes
embedded in the sole of a shoe;
FIG. 7 shows a mesh reinforcing linkage embedded within a soft
sole;
FIG. 8 shows diagrammatically a mesh reinforcing structure within
the upper of a soft shoe;
FIG. 9 shows a plan view of a shoe sole having differently directed
reinforcing and/or connecting structures;
FIG. 10 shows a plan view of a linkage interconnecting members
incorporating a threaded thimble;
FIG. 11 is a section on the line XI--XI of FIG. 10; and
FIG. 12 is a section on the line XII--XII of FIG. 10.
DESCRIPTION OF SEVERAL PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIG. 1, this shows a continuous link 10 of corrugated
form which extends between and interconnects two members 11, 12 of
equal width, that is to say the width of the link is constant and
equal to the lateral edges of the members 11, 12.
In FIG. 2, a corresponding continuous link 13 interconnects two
members 14, 15 of different width, the link 13 tapering from the
wider member 14 to the narrower member 15. Obviously, if desired,
the width of the link need not be coterminous with that of the
members which it interconnects.
FIG. 3 shows in side elevation a continuous corrugated link 16
interconnecting members 17, 18, 19 which as shown comprise spikes
intended for a sports shoe. If desired, the connections between the
link and the members may as shown at 19 be thickened to provide an
anchorage for the spike or like projection or for holding a
threaded thimble to receive a replaceable spike. If desired, the
connections themselves may be threaded.
FIG. 4 shows a two-way mesh supporting linkage 20, the
intersections of which are interconnected as shown at 21 and all of
which carry spikes 22. The connected portions may be flat or
thickened or domed or made to conform with the shape of the
overlying or underlying member of the mesh. In the latter case and
where the strips from which the mesh is made are flat, the act of
making the end portions conform with the corrugated shape of the
underlying or overlying member, will lead to increased flexibility
in a direction transverse to the direction of the corrugation.
FIG. 5 in the examples A-E shows different forms of corrugations by
way of example, intended for controlling flexibility. Examples A
and B show two irregular wave forms. Examples C and D show regular
wave forms with the connected portions disposed at different
locations relatively to the corrugations. Example E shows the
connecting link interconnecting members in different planes.
FIG. 6 shows a continuous link 24 embedded in the sole 25 of a shoe
and interconnecting two spikes 26. Obviously, where spikes are to
be distributed over a large surface a mesh linkage as shown in FIG.
4 may be used.
FIG. 7 illustrates a reinforcing linkage 28 consisting of strips 29
interconnected by corrugated links 30. This arrangement may
additionally form a flexible protective barrier within the sole 25
and has the advantage that the sole need not be much thickened for
protection of the foot.
The reinforcing strips of FIG. 7 may be replaced by the mesh
described in connection with FIG. 4. In such a case a mesh made
from light gauge material and bearing protrustions 22 may form a
protective barrier in "light weight" long distance running
footwear.
A mesh linkage of similar form may be inserted in the uppers of a
shoe as a reinforcing layer or shaper in a shoe of soft material
formed by casting or molding or injecting, as shown at 32 in FIG.
8.
FIG. 9 indicates how linkage structures 33, 34 may be disposed in
the sole of a shoe, having their corrugations or direction of
flexing set in different directions.
In shoes formed with soles of soft cellular material, solid objects
on which the sole may be placed cause upward deflection of the soft
sole and transfer pressure and discomfort to the underside of the
foot. To avoid this, a flex controlling mesh may be incorporated in
the forepart of the sole and especially below those parts of the
foot, such as the ball thereof, which sustain the weight or change
of direction during use. The capability of the mesh to flex in any
direction would not detract from the flex characteristic of the
sole but would protect against upward pressure.
Referring to FIGS. 10-12, a linkage is shown which interconnects
thickened members 40 of generally circular shape, which structure
is intended to be incorporated in the sole of a shoe. The linkage
comprises corrugated links 42 extending from back to front of the
structure and interconnecting the members 40 to allow flexibility
in a heel to toe direction and further links 44 extending generally
transversely of the structure and of strip-like planar form without
corrugations since the degree of flexibility from side to side of a
sole is less than that required in a heel to toe direction.
The members 40 have embedded therein threaded thimbles 46, as shown
more particularly in FIGS. 11 and 12, which are adapted to receive
threaded studs or spikes intended to project outwardly from the
under face of the sole or non-slip inserts which may lie
substantially flush with the outer surface of the sole when the
linkage is incorporated in a sole.
Where studs are to be formed, as by molding, casting, or injection,
integrally with the outer face of the sole, which may be of soft
flexible material, the studs themselves would also be soft and
flexible. To provide satisfactory reinforcement, a mesh may be
incorporated within the sole and have reinforcing projections which
extend from the mesh intersections through the sole into the soft
solid material of the stud itself in the manner described with
reference to FIGS. 10-12. Alternatively, the projections of the
mesh may terminate at the outer surface of the sole so that when
the soft material of the sole is compressed by upward pressure the
projections would act as gripping or anti-slip means protruding
slightly under such conditions from the sole but practically
inactive when walking over normal surfaces.
The link or mesh structure is preferably formed of a moldable,
castable or injectable material, such as a plastics material,
although any material may be used which is suitable to provide
flexible corrugations.
A multidirectional mesh may be used by itself without projections
or the like as a reinforcing flex controlling member and to impart
a desired shape. For instance, a micromesh structure may be used as
a reinforcing member within the thickness of any composite molded,
cast or injected article as a vehicle tire, flexible belting or
material of a conveyor track, or when formed as a maximesh, it may
be used for barriers, resilient or vibratory materials.
When made of soft and resilient material, it would contain a latent
reserve of expansion available after impact. Stress transmitted by
an object forcibly impacting the same would therefore be more
evenly distributed, thereby increasing the durability and strength
of the material due in part to the damping effect produced by the
dual shock absorption capability of the material. The structure
would thus have many uses, such as trampoline mats, sock absorbers
and the like.
Although I have described only a few preferred embodiments of my
invention, it will be apparent that various changes and
modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit
of the invention as expressed by the scope of the following
claims.
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